nutri genomic

7/26/2019 Nutri Genomic

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Nutrigenomics is an integrative science

combining biotechnology, molecular

medicine, and pharmacogenomics, whichis revolutionizing how nutrition and diet

are viewed.


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Nutritional genomics (nutrigenomics)is the study of the effects of nutrientsand other bioactive dietary compounds

on the expression of your genes(whether or not your genes are turnedoffor onand how much) and your riskfor certain diseases.


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In the future, you may receive a

personalized "nutrition prescription

based on both an understanding ofyour nutrigenetics and nutrigenomic

test results.


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A working definition: it seeks to provide

a genetic understanding for how dietary

chemicals can affect the balance betweenhealth and disease by altering the

expression of an individuals genetic

makeup.


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Genes

Depend

on

Good

Nutrition

Feed

YourGenes

Right


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Your genes are always responding,

in good or bad ways, to what you

eat; to your emotions, your stresses,and your experiences; and to the

nutritional microenvironment

within each of your bodys cells.


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If you maintain a particularly

healthy genetic environment,

your genes will function

normally and you will age

relatively slowly and be more

resistant to chronic,

degenerative diseases.


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If you maintain a less-than

healthy genetic environment,

such as by smoking or eatinglarge amounts of unhealthy

foods, you will age faster and

be more susceptible to

disease.


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Smoking cigarettes and drinking

large amounts of alcohol

accelerate gene damage, theaging process, and the risk of

various diseases.


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For genes to remain healthy and

functionalto be turned onor

offwhen they are supposed tobetheir constituent DNA must

be fed the proper nutrients.


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Bodys production of DNA depends

on the presence of certain vitamins.

For example, you must have anadequate intake of vitamins B3 and

B6 and folic acid to make DNA.


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Low intake of folic acid can set

the stage for widespread genetic

damage, premature aging, heartdisease, Alzheimersdisease, and

even some types of cancer.


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Folic acid deficiency during the

early weeks of pregnancy can

impair DNA synthesis in the rapidlygrowing fetus and cause a variety of

birth defects, including spina bifida,

cleft palate, and cleft lip.


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The most common causes of

damage include free radicals,replication errors in DNA, and

transcriptional errors in DNA.


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Methylenetetrahydrofolate

reductase (MTHFR)


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Vitamin A.

Influences the growth of cells and

their differentiation into specialized

cells.

B-Complex Vitamins.Play diverse roles in DNA

synthesis, repair, and regulation.

The most important nutrients

affecting DNA and genes:


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Vitamin C.

Enables generic stem cells to

become specialized heart cells;it is also needed in energy-

generating chemical reactions

and the formation of proteins.


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Vitamin D.

Performs diverse hormonelike

functions affecting bone density,

immunity, and cancer risk.

Vitamin E.

Protects DNA from free-radical

damage and also helps regulatesome genes.


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Chromium. Essential for the bodys use of thehormone insulin, which influences genes

involved in fat- and muscle-cell production.

Selenium. Needed for the normal functioningof the p53 cancer suppressing gene.

Zinc. Provides key structural components,

known as zinc fingers, to many genes.


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Ancient Genes, Modern Diet

Genes are routinely exposed to

genetically unfamiliarfoods, and

they respon abnormally, such as by

triggering chronic inflammatory

reactions.


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Ancient and modern diets

differ in many ways.

Vitamins and Minerals. With

the exception of sodium (insalt), ancient humans

consumed two to six times

higher levels of mostvitamins and minerals.


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Ancient peoples consumed about

equal amounts of omega-6 and

omega-3 fats, but today the ratio is

about 30:1 in favor of omega-6 fats.Both families of fats influence gene

activity and provide biochemical

building blocks for the immunesystem.


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The omega-6 fats, found in corn oil,

safflower oil, and other common

cooking oils, promote inflammation.In contrast, the omega-3 fats, found

in fish and grass-fed livestock, are

antiinflammatory.


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To make new DNA, which is

necessary for health, healing, and

life itself, your cells must have theenergy to drive the underlying

biological construction processes.


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When large numbers of cells lack

this energy, the deficiency

negatively affects the production ofDNA and the function of genes in

different organs.


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Increasing intake of mitochondrial

nutrients found in foods and

supplements can significantly

improve the efficiency of your

bioenergetics.


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The crucial nutrients arecoenzyme Q10 (CoQ10),

alpha-lipoic acid, carnitine andacetyl-L-carnitine, ribose,

creatine, and some of the

B vitamins.


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The greatest concentrations of CoQ10 are

found in the most energy dependent and

metabolically active cells, including thosethat form the skeletal muscle (in your

arms and legs), the heart, the brain, the

liver, and the immune system.


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Statin Drugs Reduce

CoQ10 Levels

Fatigue, liver disease, and heart

failure are among the risksassociated with statin drugs.

Statin drugs also decrease

the bodys productionofCoQ10.


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Statin work by reducing the activity ofa key enzyme involved in the

production of cholesterol.

However, the same enzyme is neededfor CoQ10 synthesis. So with great

irony, drugs prescribed to lower the

risk of a heart attack increase the riskof fatigue and heart failure.


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Vitamin B3.

Known as niacin (nicotinic acid)

and niacinamide (nicotinamide),vitamin B3 plays a central role in

the production of energy and ATP


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Nutrients That Protect

DNA from Damage

Both antioxidantsand free

radicalsturn many important

genes on and off.


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1. Eat a nutrient-dense diet to make

every bite count.

2. Eat a variety of fresh, whole foods.

3: Eat quality protein.

4: Eat a varied selection of nonstarchyvegetables.

Both antioxidants and free radicals

turn many important genes on and off.


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5: Eat a varied selection of

nonstarchy fruits.

6: Consume only healthy oils and

fats.

7: Season your foods with herbs

and spices.

8: Drink water and teas.

9: Eat organically produced foods

whenever possible.


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10: Restrict or avoid refinedcarbohydrates and sugars, and limit your

intake of all processed carbohydrates.

11: Minimize your consumption ofhighly refined cooking oils.

12: Avoid all foods with partially

hydrogenated vegetable oils and transfats.


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2. Eat a variety of fresh,

whole foods

Whole foods usually resemble the way

they looked in nature, other than being cutup and prepared for cooking. In contrast,

refined and processed foods have been

substantially altered and bear little if anyresemblance to their original form.


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Fish, chicken, lean meats, eggs, and

other protein-rich foods are good

sources of vitamins B6 and B12,

which your cells need to manufacture

new DNA and repair existing DNA.


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Specific protein sources include eggs, chicken,

turkey, and lean (well-trimmed, nonmarbled) beef,

pork, and lamb. In particular, protein fromorganically raised, free-range (grass-fed) animals is

relatively low in saturated fats and high in healthy

omega-3 fats, which help suppress inflammation-

promoting genes.


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3: Eat quality protein.Heating increases the formation of

advanced glycation end products

(AGEs), which form from permanentbonds between sugars and

proteins.AGEs can attach to and

damage DNA strands, altering ordisabling normal gene function.


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4: Eat a varied selection

of nonstarchy vegetables.

Nonstarchy vegetables include spinach,

lettuces, kale, tomatoes, cucumbers, avocados,broccoli, cauliflower, green beans, and

mustard greens. In particular, leafy green

vegetables are rich in folic acid, a B vitamin

needed for the synthesis and repair of DNA.


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5: Eat a varied selection

of nonstarchy fruits.

Nonstarchy fruits include raspberries,

blackberries, blueberries, kiwifruit,apples, melons, and grapefruit. A

recent study found that kiwifruit in

particular promoted the synthesis and

repair of DNA.


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6: Consume only healthy

oils and fats

The omega-6 family is generally

proinflammatory, whereas the

omega-3 family is generally

antiinflammatory.


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6: Consume only healthy

oils and fats

To restore a more normal balance between the omega-

6 and omega-3 fatty acids, you must make a concertedeffort to emphasize the omega-3 family.You can do

this by eating more cold-water fish (such as salmon

and herring), as well as leafy green salads (which are

high in linolenic acid, the parent omega-3 fat).


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Soft drinks (liquid candy) provide anenormous amount of refined sugars,

usually in the form of high-fructose

corn syrup.


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Quenching your thirst with a sugary soft

drink, you initiate or sustain an up-and-

down blood-sugar and insulin cycle that canreduce your glucose tolerance, leave you

feeling tired, and impair your concentration.

Elevated insulin levels trigger a variety of

changes in gene activity that increase body

fat and the risk of diabetes.


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whenever possible.

The most widely used pesticides

function as estrogen mimics, meaningthat they simulate the effects of

estrogen in the body.


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whenever possible.

Natural flavors is a vague statement

that could refer to culinary herbs,sugars, or monosodium glutamate

(MSG, a flavor enhancer that makes

some people ill).


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10: Restrict or avoid refined carbohydrates and

sugars, and limit your intake of all processedcarbohydrates

Most refined carbohydrates fall into two

groups: sugars and grainderived foodproducts.The two most common sugars are

sucrose (table sugar) and high-fructose corn

syrup.


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11: Minimize your consumption of highly

refined cooking oils.

Highly refined cooking oils, including corn,

safflower, soybean, and cottonseed oils, arecommonly used in processed foods


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These cooking oils are rich in linoleic acid, the parent

molecule of omega-6 fats. Because of thepreponderance of refined and processed foods, most

people now consume excessive amounts of omega-6

fats.

As a result, omega-6 fats have largely displaceddietary omega-3 fats, found in fish, grass-fed animal

protein, and leafy green vegetables. In general,

omega-6 fats help turn on genes involved in chronic

inflammation, which is intertwined with the aging

process and most degenerative diseases.


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12: Avoid all foods with partially hydrogenated

vegetable oils and trans fats.

Along with sugars, refined carbohydrates,

and highly refined omega-6 fatty acids,partially hydrogenated vegetable oils are

one of the most common ingredients in

modern processed foods


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12: Avoid all foods with partially hydrogenated

vegetable oils and trans fats.

One recent study found that diets high in

trans-fatty acids increased the formation ofsmall particles of low-density lipoprotein

(LDL), which are more likely to promote

heart disease than are the larger LDLparticles.


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