objective: understand the process of translation

Objective: Understand the process of TranslationKey Words: translation, codon, anticodon, mRNA, polypeptide

DO NOW:

What is the mRNA strand that would be copied from this DNA strand?

A T G A A C G G C T G T G T A C T A C G T

mRNA _____________________________________________________________U A C U U G C C G A C A C A U G A U G C A

rRNARibosomal RNA

tRNATransfer RNA

mRNAmessenger RNA


1. Label the molecules below as: mRNA, tRNA, ribosome, and amino- acids.

codon

anticodon

Amino acid attachment site

2. Label the following parts: codon, anticodon, amino acid attachment sit on the molecules.

Amino - acid

http://www.bioplek.org/animaties/moleculaire_genetica/transcriptie.html

http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072437316/student_view0/chapter15/animations.html#

www.PHSchool.com Web code: cbp-4123



BA

DC

E F

A. A second tRNA links to a second codon in the mRNA B. Many amino acids bind together and make a poplypeptide (Protein)

C. Stop codon indicates the end of translation

D. The first and second amino acids bind together

E. A third tRNA brings a third amino acid to the ribosome

F. The first tRNA without amino acid leaves the ribosome

G. The ribosome binds to a mRNA strand at the start codon (AUG)

H. tRNA brings the first amino acid to the ribosome

Arrange the following sentences in order to describe translation from mRNA to proteins


•The ribosome binds to a mRNA strand at the start codon (AUG)

•The first and second amino acids bind together

•Many amino acids bind together and make a protein• Stop codon indicates the end of translation

tRNA brings the first amino acid to the ribosome

A second tRNA links to a second codon in the mRNA

•The first tRNA without amino acid leaves the ribosome •A third tRNA brings a third amino acid to the ribosome

Objective: Understand the process of TranslationKey Words: translation, codon, anticodon, mRNA

Objective: Understand How the Genetic Code WorksKey Words: translation, codon, anticodon, mRNA, bases, polypeptide

Do Now:

List 4 things you learned about Translation:•What is the goal of Translation?•Where does it happen?•Which molecules and organelle(s) play a role in Translation?•Which molecules are produced?

“I love Genetics”


1st b

ase

in c

od

on


5. Using the Genetic Code Table, determine the order of amino acids established by the mRNA.

A U G C U C A G C G U U A C C U A A

__________________________________

A U G U C A G C G C C A C G A U A G

__________________________________

A U G C A G C G U U A C C A U U G A

__________________________________

1st b

ase

in c

od

on

Met – Leu – Ser – Val – Thr - Stop

Met – Ser – Ala – Pro – Arg - Stop

Met – Gln – Arg – Tyr – His - Stop


A U G A G C A A G C C U U U U A C U G A U

Met – Ser – Lys – Pro – Phe – Thr - Asp

1st b

ase

in c

od

on


C T A

mRNA: ___________________________________________________________________________

Use the Genetic Code Table to determine the order of amino acids in the resulting protein fragment

Amino Acids: _______________________________________________________________________

A G G U U A C C G A A U A A A C G U

Arg – Leu – Pro – Asn – Lys - Arg

1.Write the base sequence that would appear on an mRNA stand after transcription of the upper DNA strand:

1st b

ase

in c

od

on


DNA

mRNA

Transcription

Translation

Replication

Protein


Arrange the following sentences in order to describe the process of protein synthesis.

a. Ribosome translate mRNA into a protein

b. Protein shape determines protein function

c. mRNA leaves the nucleus

d. Transcription of DNA into mRNA

e. Amino-acid sequence determines protein shape



Do Now: Transcription and Translation are two processes involved in protein synthesis.

Compare and contrast Replication, Transcription and Translation. For each process explain:

1. Where does it occur?2. What is the goal?3. Which molecules and organelles are involved?4. What molecule is produced?5. How do nitrogen bases pair?

Process Where it happens? What is the goal?Which molecules/

organelles are involved?

What molecule is produced?

How do nitrogen bases pair?

Replication

Transcription

Translation

Nucleus

Nucleus

Ribosomes in cytoplasm or ER

Make identicalcopies of DNA

Transfer informationfrom DNA to ribosomes

Synthesis of proteins

DNAHelicaseDNA polymeraseLigase

RibosomemRNAtRNAAmino-acids

DNAmRNARNA polymerase

DNA

mRNA

ProteinsorPolypeptides

A – TT – AC – GG - CA – UT – AC – GG - CA – UU – AC – GG - C

objective: understand the process of translation

Documents

g c g c c

c u u g c c g

u g c u c

g c g u u

u g u c

c g g c t g t g t

c g t mrna

amino acids