october 9,2014 (e. erikson)
TRANSCRIPT
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Erik
Erikson
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Erik Eriksons theory of psychosocial development co
personality develops in a series of stages. A person wil
particular psychosocial problem at each stage.
If an individual successfully solves the problem, he/she w
good social trait that will help him solve the next proble
If an individual is unsuccessful, he/she will develop a bathat will hinder his/her solving a new problem at next st
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Psychosocial StaOf
Development
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Trustvs.
Mistrust
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he first stage of Erikson!s theory of psychosocial deve
occurs between birth and one year of age and is the m
fundamental stage in life.
"ecause an infant is utterly dependent, the developmebased on the dependability and #uality of the child!s ca
If a child successfully develops trust, he or she will fee
secure in the world. %aregivers who are inconsistent, eunavailable, or re&ecting contribute to feelings of mist
children they care for. 'ailure to develop trust will res
and a belief that the world is inconsistent and unpredi
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Autonom
vs.
Shame aDoub
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his stage occurs between the ages of () months to thre
According to Erikson, children at this stage are focused o
a greater sense of self*control.
+aining a sense of personal control over the world is impstage of development. oilet training plays a ma&or role
control ones body functions leads to a feeling of contro
of independence. -ther important events include gainin
control over food choices, toy preferences and clothing
%hildren who successfully complete this stage feel secur
confident, while those who do not are left with a sense
and self*doubt.
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Initiativevs.
Guilt
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uring the preschool years, children
assert their power and control over t
through directing play and othe
interactions.
%hildren who are successful at this s
capable and able to lead others. h
fail to ac#uire these skills are lef
sense of guilt, self*doubt, and
initiative.
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Industr
vs.
Inferior
h d i hildh d b h f i
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he stage occurs during childhood between the ages of six
chool and social interaction play an important role during
childs life. hrough social interactions, children begin to d
sense of pride in their accomplishments and abilities.
%hildren who are encouraged and commended by parents adevelop a feeling of competence and belief in their skills.
receive little or no encouragement from parents, teachers
doubt their ability to be successful.
According to Erikson, this stage is vital in the development
confidence. uring school and other social activities, childpraise and attention for performing various tasks such as r
writing, drawing and solving problems. %hildren need to co
social and academic demands. uccess leads to a sense of
while failure results in feelings of inferiority.
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Ego-identityvs.
ole Confusion
d l h ld l
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uring adolescence, children explore t
independence and develop a sense of s
hose who receive proper encouragem
reinforcement through personal explor
emerge from this stage with a strong se
self and a feeling of independence andhose who remain unsure of their belie
desires will feel insecure and confused
themselves and the future.
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Intima
vs.
Isolati
hi t g t k l d i g g d lth d b t
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his stage takes place during young adulthood betw
ages of approximately (0 and 12. uring this period
the ma&or conflict centres on forming intimate, lov
relationships with other people.
tudies have demonstrated that those with a poor stend to have less committed relationships and are
to suffer emotional isolation, loneliness, and depre
Erikson believed it was vital that people develop cl
committed relationships with other people. uccesstrong relationships, while failure results in lonelin
isolation.
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i d lth d ti t b
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uring adulthood, we continue to bu
lives, focusing on our career and fam
hose who are successful during this
will feel that they are contributing to
world by being active in their home a
community. hose who fail to attain t
will feel unproductive and uninvolved
world.
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Integr
vs.
Des!a
his stage occurs during late adulthood from age 34 through
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his stage occurs during late adulthood from age 34 through
life. uring this period of time, people reflect back on the li
lived and come away with either a sense of fulfilment from a
or a sense of regret and despair over a life misspent.
hose who feel proud of their accomplishments will feel a se
integrity. uccessfully completing this phase means looking b
regrets and a general feeling of satisfaction. hese individua
wisdom, even when confronting death. hose who feel proud
accomplishments will feel a sense of integrity. uccessfully c
phase means looking back with few regrets and a general fee
satisfaction. hese individuals will attain wisdom, even whedeath.
hose who are unsuccessful during this phase will feel that t
been wasted and will experience many regrets. he individu
with feelings of bitterness and despair.