PERMANENT COUNCIL OF THE OEA/Ser.GORGANIZATION OF AMERICAN STATES CP/CAAP-2893/07

20 February 2007COMMITTEE ON ADMINISTRATIVE Original: English

AND BUDGETARY AFFAIRS

ART MUSEUM OF THE AMERICAS PRESENTATION ON THE REVIEW OF THE INVENTORY

February 13, 2007

ART MUSEUM OF THE AMERICAS PRESENTATION ON THE REVIEW OF THE INVENTORY

February 13, 2007

I. Permanent Collection

I.1 Background

The history of the permanent collection of the Art Museum of the Americas has roots in the former Visual Arts Unit of the Organization of American States. Under this unit, the first donation of art was received in 1949, a gift of a painting by Brazilian artist Candido Portinari. In 1957 the OAS Permanent Council conferred institutional backing to the collection by establishing a modest Purchase Fund to support the acquisition of art for a collection that was to reflect the contemporary art of the member countries of the OAS and represent an enduring cultural resource. Acquisitions made by the Visual Arts Unit were strongly linked to and influenced by the direction of its exhibition program, and a significant number of works were acquired directly from the artists on the occasion of a temporary exhibit at the OAS Gallery.

When the Museum was inaugurated in 1976, the collection numbered 250 works. Today, the collection has grown to close to 2000 objects (Attachment 1) in varying media including:

paintings (30%), sculpture, objects and installation art (10%), and prints, drawings and photographs (60%).

The collection reflects the rich diversity of artistic expression in the region and provides an overview of stylistic and iconographic trends beginning in the early 20th-century. Some highlights include works by master artists such as Amaral, Carreño, Cuevas, Figari, Guayasamin, Matta, Merida, Negret, Obregon, Orozco, Pelaez, Pacheco, Pettoruti, Portinari, Siqueiros, Soto, Szyszlo, Torres Garcia to name but a few. The collection preserves a unique visual record of the artistic achievements of artists of the Americas and their contributions to the cultural history of the Americas

Although many member countries have strong representation in the collection, there are currently countries that are either not represented at all or are severely under-represented (Attachment 2). These include Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Belize, Canada, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, and Trinidad and Tobago. These are countries that have also been under-represented in the exhibition program of the Museum. Representation needs to be addressed to assure that all member countries are represented in the permanent collection at the proper level.

Since the mid-1980s, due to budgetary constraints, there have been no funds available for purchase of artworks. However, donations of artworks continue to enrich the collection, thus increasing its value as an asset. Proposals for donations are reviewed by the Museum to assure quality level. In 2006, the Museum accepted 16 donations including important donations of 2 paintings by Roberto Matta.

I.2 Management/Control

For insurance purposes the collection is valued at $5,000,000. The OAS maintains insurance coverage of the collection through Huntington T. Block Fine Arts Insurance (premises limit: $5,000,000; other location limit: $500,000). The last formal appraisal of art works in the collection was carried out in 1998 by Christies Latin American Department.

Collection management is supported by Collection, a specialized database that includes cataloging, location histories, imaging, searching, and reporting functions (Attachment 3). The Museum reports new donations and values to the OAS Inventory Unit on a yearly basis and location changes 2-3 times a year. The Inventory Unit conducts periodic inventories (object by object). The last inventory was conducted in 2004/2005.

Loans of art works from the permanent collection to external cultural institutions for special exhibitions are governed by standard loan agreement documents that stipulate loan requirements and conditions. These agreements are regularly reviewed by the OAS Legal Department.

I.3 Visibility/Utilization

Because of space limitations in the Museum, including the fact that temporary exhibits from external institutions often require use of all available exhibition space, only about 15% of the collection per year is exhibited in the Museum (on a rotating basis). For example, in 2005-2006 the Museum presented the following 6 exhibits from the Permanent Collection: Art of the Print (in conjunction with International Graphic Arts Council Conference); Still Life Perspectives; Geometry and Gesture; Contemporary Photography; Artists from Central America; and 2006 Gifts to the Collection

Another 15% of the collection is on display in public areas and designated offices in the buildings of the General Secretariat. The Museum is currently working on increasing display of collection works in public areas of General Secretariat buildings.

Roughly 1-5% of the collection goes on loan to external institutions for special exhibitions. The Museum has received requests for loans in the past from such institutions as the Lowe Art Museum (Miami, Florida), the National Museum of Women in the Arts, the Inter-American Development Bank, the Smithsonian Institution (Washington D.C.), Katonah Museum, El Museo del Barrio, Americas Society (New York), Museo Nacional de Colombia (Bogota), Fundacion La Caixa (Barcelona and Madrid)), and Maison de l’Amerique Latine (Paris). Upcoming in 2007 is a loan of more than 60 prints from the collection to the Dallas Cultural Center in Texas.

The remainder of the collection (about 65%) is in storage; however, the great majority of work in storage (about 70%) is made up of unframed works on paper.

The Museum works to broaden the visibility of the collection through its webpage –now re-launching with a new format—and by responding to numerous requests to reproduce works from the collection in textbooks, art books, exhibition catalogs, and other publications. In 2006, for example, collection works appeared in Art History (Prentice Hall); The Language of Objects in the Art of the Americas (Yale University Press) Latin America: A Concise Interpretive History (Prentice Hall); Mexico and Modern Printmaking: (Philadelphia Museum of Art), and World

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Masterpieces (Penguin Literature).

II. Other Museum Collections and Assets

II.1 Archives of Art of the Americas

Initiated in the early 1940s, the archives collection complements the museum’s permanent collection. The exhibition catalogs, announcements, exhibition records, photographs, letters, news clippings, art periodicals, and other types of documents that make up the collection provide a rich and unique research resource. Through its archives of art the Museum regularly offers reference services to students, researches and collectors interested in the art of Latin America and the Caribbean. Roughly 700 Hollinger boxes (including individual artist files) are stored in compact shelving in the Casita building Exhibition records and black and white photograph collections are housed at the Columbus Memorial Library

II.2 Audiovisual Collection of Films

The audiovisual collection includes Museum-produced films on art and artists of the Americas including award winning films on Soto and Torres-Garcia, and Velasquez (Attachment 4). These films are available for purchase in DVD and VHS formats. A selection of these films is regularly featured on the Hispanic Information and Telecommunications Network (HITN) in the context of its cultural programming. The Museum is currently undertaking a complete inventory of non-museum produced films in the archives.

II.3 Museum Building and Aztec Garden

The historic building that houses the collection is, in a sense, another component of the collection. The building was designed by noted architects Paul Cret and Albert Kelsey, the architectural team also responsible for the design of the 1910 headquarters building of the Organization of American States. Completed in 1912 several years after the dedication of the OAS main building, the “Annex” as it was then called was originally designed to serve as the official residence for the Secretaries General of the Organization of American States. Special architectural features include decorative iron grillwork by Samuel Yellin, (1885-1940), the prominent wrought-iron craftsman from Philadelphia, and a loggia of richly colored tiles created by Philadelphia’s Enfield Pottery and Tile Works. In 2005 through the Department of External Relations the Museum received donations from the Observer Missions of China, Turkey and Qatar to support building restoration projects.

II.4 Consignment (unclaimed works of art which are not part of the museum’s permanent collection).

These works of art were left with the Museum by artists prior to 1983 on a consignment basis with the understanding that the artist assumed responsibility for the recuperation of the art work from the museum if not sold. In 1983, the Museum ended its consignment program, and the majority of the unsold art works were reclaimed by their owners or donated by them to be sold to benefit the museum. However, a good number of these works of art remained with the museum, notwithstanding the Museum’s efforts to have them reclaimed. These works have not been included in the Museum’s permanent collection for a variety of reasons including: 1) the artist is

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already represented in the museum’s collection by comparable or better works or 2) the conservation state of the work is poor. In 2005 in consultation with the OAS Legal Department the museum has taken the following actions with regards to non-collection inventory: 1) although pursuant to DC laws, these works of art are presumed to have been abandoned by their original owners and as a result, the General Secretariat is technically their owner, as a courtesy, the museum notified OAS Missions about works by artists from their countries, in the event that the Mission had the means to return the works to the owner. The Museum transferred works to OAS missions upon request; 2) a series of silent auction sales were held with proceeds from sales of works to benefit the museum’s permanent collection; 3) to strengthen community outreach and in support of the Museum’s mission to promote appreciation of the art of Latin America and the Caribbean, selected works have been donated to local cultural institutions including the Latin American Youth Center.

III. Temporary Exhibits and Public Programs

III.1 Temporary Exhibits

Temporary exhibits from member states afford the museum an opportunity to be a dynamic presence by examining contemporary socio-cultural and aesthetic concerns as they are reflected and interpreted in innovative artistic languages by artists of the Americas. Selection criteria used in the review of exhibit proposals include: originality and coherence of the work; the use of a contemporary language reflecting new directions in art or the importance of the work to a particular art historical movement of the past; the artist’s country of origin (to ensure representation of all the member countries in the museum’s programs); opportunities to expand partnerships with external cultural institutions; relevance to OAS themes of interest; and possibilities for external support of exhibit. In 2006-2007 the Museum presented the following exhibits:

New Possessions: Jamaican Artists in the US (Aug-Oct 2006); Breaking Borders: Photography and Digital Art from the Salvadoran Community (Nov

2006-Jan 2007); and Merengue! Visual Rhythms organized by the Centro Cultural Eduardo Leon Jimenes of the

Dominican Republic and presented at Museo del Barrio, New York (Feb - Apr 2007).

The above exhibits would not have been possible without the fundraising activities carried out by the respective OAS Mission/Embassy to obtain the necessary external support.

For example, the exhibit New Possessions was supported by the Jamaica National Group of Companies, Grace Financial Services, Limited National Investment Bank of Jamaica, Western Union, Air Jamaica, Grace Foods International, Inter-American Culture & Development Foundation (ICDF) , Inter-American Development Bank Cultural Center, Jamaica Tourist Board, Mayberry Investments, Red Stripe, Victoria Mutual Building Society. The exhibit Breaking Borders received support from the DC Commission on the Arts and the Humanities, Bancomercio, Enterprise Database Corporation, HI Construction Company, Latin Travel Express, Mango y Mar, Martinez and Associates LLC- Remax, El Tamarindo, Vilchez and Associates Real Estate

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New Possessions and Breaking Borders were featured in The Washington Post (Jun 10, Aug 3, Aug 13, Dec 15); The Washington Examiner (Dec 22); The Washington Times (Sept 17); The Jamaica Gleaner (Oct 15); and Caribbean Net News (Aug 7)

III.2 Public Programs

The Museum also contextualizes and promotes collections and exhibitions through lectures, tours (10% increase in 2006), workshops, reference services, and outreach activities.

Guest lecturers in 2005-2006 included:

Dr. Edward Sullivan, Dean of Humanities, New York University Michelle Greet, Professor of art history, George Mason University; Virginia Rex Nettleford, President of the Jamaica Diaspora Foundation Petrona Morrison, Director of the Manley School of Art, Jamaica Muriel Hasbun, Professor of photography, Corcoran College of Art, Washington D.C.

During this period the museum also presented 11 Family Workshops led by guest artists Carolina Mayorga, Julio Valdez, Helen Elliot, and Muriel Hasbun and conducted outreach workshop activities at the annual DC Latino Festival in Adams Morgan neigborhood.

IV. Challenges/Limitations

Insufficient budget: The 2006 allocation for museum program activities from the Regular Fund was $16,500 (Attachment 5). Some revenue is generated through the sale of slides, videos, catalogs, reproduction rights, and rental of the museum to external institutions for special events (on average about $10-$20,000 per year).

Insufficient staff: 6 total. Staffing needs include professional fundraiser specialized in arts development; entry level position to assist with hanging exhibits and movement of art work; re-instatement of Director’s position.

Insufficient museum exhibition space: The ideal would be enough space (through an additional wing, for example) to display 50 core artworks from the Permanent Collection on a permanent basis as well as to present at the same time changing temporary exhibits from member countries.

Insufficient storage space: Additional storage space and fabrication of additional storage blocks needed

Insufficient resources to meet preservation priorities: such as restoration of outdoor sculpture.

Lack of technical equipment: scanner, digital camera, DVD monitor, MAC graphic computer, external hard drive, LCD projector with laptop, video projector, thermo-hydrometers.

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Under-exposure of permanent collection: non-existing funds for traveling exhibit of collection works to member countries (and other sites)

Uneven country representation in the collection. A proposal under study is to undertake a juried competition that would offer a purchase prize for winners. This possible if purchase fund is re-established.

V. Actions and Proposals to Strengthen the Museum

Enhance positioning of the museum within the OAS. The upcoming centennial celebrations offer opportunities for strategic partnerships.

Expand role of Ambassadorial Friends which has already been providing valuable support since 2005 to assist with raising visibility and awareness of the Museum and to stimulate donations/acquisitions of art works from member states.

Re-activate the Association of Friends of the Museum (civil society friends) to assist with fundraising and strengthening partnerships with external institutions.

Link Ambassadors’ Friends group with Association of Friends group to encourage the creation of an executive committee to organize fundraising activities beginning with a spring 07 art auction and a fall 07 gala.

Design comprehensive program to raise visibility, importance and relevance of Museum to include:

o placement of outdoor banners at museum entrance (beginning February 23, 2007)

o design and placement of additional banners around the OAS architectural complex and Museum block

o increasing the number of collection works on display in public spaces of Headquarters buildings

o installation of digital bays in various sites throughout the General Secretariat as a means to show the collection in virtual exhibition

o expanding information on museum web page about collections and upcoming exhibitions

o increasing accessibility to information about exhibit requirements and procedures

o presenting major cutting-edge exhibits and expanding public programs (lecture, music and film series) in conjunction with upcoming centennial celebrations

o exploring feasibility of licensing and merchandising of collection and exhibition-related products, creation of museum shop and café

Seek to re-establish a Purchase Fund for acquisition of art to strengthen the collection and address issue of under-representation of some member states. Work through the Coordinating Office of Regional OAS offices to help address under-representation.

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http://scm.oas.org/pdfs/2007/CP17635E.PDF (Attachment No. 1)

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ATTACHMENT 2

ART MUSEUM OF THE AMERICAS, OASPERMANENT COLLECTION

ATTACHMENT 2 (Cross-reference by country)

ARGENTINA

PINTURA (Argentina)

Mario Agatiello (Argentina b.1943)Raul Alonso (Argentina b.1923, d.1994)Enrique Barilari (Argentina )Hector Basaldua (Argentina b.1895, d.1976)Luis Fernando Benedit (Argentina b.1937)Miguel Angel Bengochea (Argentina b.1945)Emilia Bertole (Argentina b.1898, d.1949)Ana Maria Blanco Gomez (Argentina b.1917)Marcelo Bonevardi (Argentina 1929-1994)Osvaldo Borda (Argentina b.1929)Ary Brizzi (Argentina b.1930)Carlos Cañas (Argentina b.1928)Oscar Capristo (Argentina b.1921)Elda Cerrato (Argentina b.Circa 1940)Victor Chab (Argentina b.1930)Norberto Cresta (Argentina b.1929)Hilda Crovo (Argentina b.1933)Adolfo De Ferrari (Argentina b.1898)Jorge de la Vega (Argentina b.1930, d.1971)Ernesto Deira (Argentina b.1928, d.1986)Miguel Diomede (Argentina b.1902, d.1974)Nicolas Esposito (Argentina b.1927)Jose Antonio Fernandez Muro (Argentina b.1920)Raquel Forner (Argentina b.1902, d.1988)Vicente Forte (Argentina b.1912, d.1980)Nicolas Garcia Uriburu (Argentina b.1937)Domingo Gatto (Argentina b.1935)Eduardo Giusiano (Argentina b.1931)Sarah Grilo (Argentina b.1921)Gyula Kosice (Argentina b.1924)Ana Kozel (Argentina b.1937)Juan Carlos Liberti (Argentina b.1930)Vechy Logioio (Argentina b.1933)Romulo Maccio (Argentina b.1931)

14 -Eduardo Mac Entyre (Argentina b.1929)Ricardo Machado (Argentina b.1923)Federico Martino (Argentina b.1930)Maria Martorell (Argentina b.1919)Miguel Ocampo (Argentina b.1922)Josefina Perazzo (Argentina b.1922)Perez Celis (Argentina b.1939)Emilio Pettoruti (Argentina b. 1892 d. 1971Rogelio Polesello (Argentina b.1939)Leopoldo Presas (Argentina b.1915)Mario Pucciarelli (Argentina b.1928)Flora Rey (Argentina b.1935)Kazuya Sakai (Argentina b.1927)Antonio Segui (Argentina, b.1934Cristina Sicardi (Argentina b.1939)Ricardo Supisiche (Argentina b.1912, d.1992)Miguel Angel Vidal (Argentina b.1928)Martha Zuik (Argentina b.1930s)

ESCULTURA, INSTALACIONES, OBJETOS (Argentina)

Alfredo Bigatti (Argentina b.1898, d.1964)Raul Farco (Argentina b.1953)Naum Knop (Argentina b.1917, d.1993)Gyula Kosice (Argentina b.1924)Marta Minujin (Argentina b.1941)Marie Orensanz (Argentina b.1936)Taty Rybak (Argentina b.1943)Carolina Sardi (Argentina b.1967)

DIBUJO, COLLAGE, ACUARELA… / PAPEL (Argentina)

Raul Alonso (Argentina b.1923, d.1994)Juan Astica (Chilean; Argentina b.1953)Luis Fernando Benedit (Argentina b.1937)Octavio Blasi (Argentina b.1960)Osvaldo Borda (Argentina b.1929)Hector Borla (Argentina b.1937)Hector Bernabo Carybe (Argentina; Brazilian b.1911, d.1997)Catalina Chervin (Argentina b.1953)Ricardo Cinalli (Argentina b.1948)Carlos Clemen (Brazilian; Argentina b.1942)Ernesto Deira (Argentina b.1928, d.1986)Raquel Forner (Argentina b.1902, d.1988)Nelly Freire (Argentina b.1933)

15 -Eduardo Giusiano (Argentina b.1931)Emilio Renart (Argentina b.1925, d.1991)Ricardo Supisiche (Argentina b.1912, d.1992)Lajos Szalay (Argentina b.1909, d.1995)

GRABADOS (Argentina)

Jorge Acha (Argentina b.1946, d.1996)Roberto Aizemberg (Argentina b.1928, d.1996)Carlos Alonso (Argentina b.1929)Raul Alonso (Argentina b.1923, d.1994)Alda Maria Armagni (Argentina b.Circa 1940s)Libero Badii (Argentina b.1916, d.2001)Elba Bairon (Bolivian; Argentina b.1947)Luis Barragan (Argentina b.1914)Alfredo Benavidez Bedoya (Argentina b.1951)Antonio Berni (Argentina b.1905, d.1981)Hector Borla (Argentina b.1937)Sergio Camporeale (Argentina b.1937)Aida Carballo (Argentina b.1916, d.1985)Victor Chab (Argentina b.1930)Catalina Chervin (Argentina b.1953)Raul Conti (Argentina b.1931)Norberto Cresta (Argentina b.1929)Delia Cugat (Argentina b.1930)Maria D'Avola (Argentina )Eulogio de Jesus (Argentina )Victor de Pilla (Argentina )Alfredo de Vicenzo (Argentina b.1932)Ernesto Deira (Argentina b.1928, d.1986)Juan Del Prete (Argentina b.1897, d.1987)Jorge Demirjian (Argentina b.1932)Alicia Diaz Rinaldi (Argentina b.1944)Zdravko Ducmelic (Argentina b.1923, d.1989)Nelida Ferrari (Argentina )Raquel Forner (Argentina b.1902, d.1988)Domingo Gatto (Argentina b.1935)Eduardo Giusiano (Argentina b.1931)Carmen Gracia (Argentina b.1935)Sarah Grilo (Argentina b.1921)Erika Guldner (Argentina )Kenneth Kemble (Argentina b.1923, d.1998)Ana Kozel (Argentina b.1937)Mauricio Lasansky (Argentina; United States b.1914)Eduardo Levy (Argentina b.1939)

16 -Irene Liberatori (Argentina )Juan Carlos Liberti (Argentina b.1930)Gustavo Lopez Armentia (Argentina b.1949)Jorge Luna Ercilla (Argentina b.1923)Romulo Maccio (Argentina b.1931)Eduardo Mac Entyre (Argentina b.1929)Matilde Marin (Argentina b.1948)Federico Martino (Argentina b.1930)Cora Massoneau (Argentina )Fernando Maza (Argentina b.1936)Zulema Maza (Argentina b.Circa 1940s)Clara Mazzini (Argentina )Ariel Mlynarzewicz (Argentina b.1964)Rene Moron (Argentina b.1929)Luis Felipe Noe (Argentina b.1933)Noe Nojechowiz (Argentina b.1934)Miguel Ocampo (Argentina b.1922)Alicia Orlandi (Argentina b.1937)Josefina Perazzo (Argentina b.1922)Alejandro Perez Becerra (Argentina )Perez Celis (Argentina b.1939)Marta Perez Temperley (Argentina b.Circa 1940s)Zulema Petruschansky (Argentina )Manuela Pintos Tesano (Argentina )Rogelio Polesello (Argentina b.1939)Leopoldo Presas (Argentina b.1915)Alejandro Puente (Argentina b.1933)Victor Rebuffo (Argentina b.1903, d.1983)Luisa Reisner (Argentina b.Circa 1930s)Flora Rey (Argentina b.1935)Marta Ripoll (Argentina )Susana Rodriguez (Argentina b.Circa 1940s)Guillermo Roux (Argentina b.1929)Mabel Rubli (Argentina b.1933)Anteo Silvio Savi (Argentina )Antonio Segui (Argentina b.1934)Luis Seoane (Argentina b.1910, d.1979)Maria Elena Sieburger (Argentina b.Circa 1940s)Viviana Sierra (Argentina b.1951)Raul Soldi (Argentina b.1905, d.1994)Raul Soldi (Argentina b.1905, d.1994)Stefan Strocen (Argentina b.1930)Maria Suardi (Argentina b.Circa 1940s)Lesner Tavarez (Argentina b.1946)Marta Teti (Argentina b.Circa 1940s)

17 -Helga Thomson (Argentina b.1938)Carlos Torrallardona (Argentina b.1913, d.1986)Leopoldo Torres Aguero (Argentina b.1924, d.1996)Angu Vazquez (Argentina b.Circa 1940s)Miguel Angel Vidal (Argentina b.1928)Graciela Zar (Argentina b.1946)Estela Zariquiegui (Argentina b.Circa 1940s)Daniel Zelaya (Argentina b.1938)Martha Zuik (Argentina b.1930s)

PHOTOGRAPHS (Argentina)

Alejandro Bachrach (Argentina b.1966)Marcelo Brodsky (Argentina b.1954)Mariano Galperin (Argentina b.1962)Marcos Lopez (Argentina b.1958)Silvia Malagrino (Argentina b.1950)Carlos Trilnick (Argentina b.1957)

BAHAMAS

PAINTINGS (Bahamas)

John Beadle (Bahamian b.1964)Stan Burnside (Bahamian b.1947)Brent Malone (Bahamian b.1941)Antonius Roberts (Bahamian b.1958)Maxwell Taylor (Bahamian )

BARBADOS

SCULPTURES, INSTALLATIONS, OBJECTS (Barbados)Gail Streat (Barbadian b.1959)

DRAWINGS, COLLAGES, WATERCOLORS.../ PAPER (Barbados)Cynthia Villet-Gardner (Barbadian; Canadian b.1934)

PHOTOGRAPHS (Barbados)Ronnie Carrington (Barbadian b.1949)Tony Lynch (Barbadian b.1946)BOLIVIA

18 -PAINTINGS (Bolivia)

Enrique Arnal (Bolivian b.1932)Maria Esther Ballivian (Bolivian b.1927, d.1977)Alfredo da Silva (Bolivian b.1936)Cesar Jordan (Bolivian b.1947)Alfredo La Placa (Bolivian b.1929)Maria Luisa Pacheco (Bolivian b.1919, d.1982)Oscar Pantoja (Bolivian b.1925)Gonzalo Ribero (Bolivian b.1942)Antonio Sotomayor (Bolivian b.1904, d.1985)

SCULPTURES, INSTALLATIONS, OBJECTS (Bolivia)

School of Potosi (18th Century)

PRINTS (Bolivia)

Rudy Ayoroa (Bolivian b.1927, d.2003)Elba Bairon (Bolivian; Argentine b.1947)Roberto Berdecio (Bolivian b.1913)Genaro Ibañez (Bolivian b.1903)Raul Lara (Bolivian b.1940)Maria Luisa Pacheco (Bolivian b.1919, d.1982)

PHOTOGRAPHS (Bolivia)

Armando Berdecio de Martine (Bolivian b.1943)Willy Kenning (Bolivian b.1958)Gaston Ugalde Castro (Bolivian b.1946)Gaston Ugalde Castro (Bolivian b.1946)

TEXTILE ART (Bolivia)

Ines Cordova (Bolivian b.1927)

BRAZIL

PAINTINGS (Brazil)

Antonio Henrique Amaral (Brazilian b.1935)Vicente Carneiro (Brazilian b.1927)Bernardo Cid (Brazilian b.1925, d.1982)Francisco da Silva (Brazilian )Jose Antonio da Silva (Brazilian b.1909, d.1996)

19 -Danilo di Prete (Brazilian b.1911, d.1985)Alex Flemming (Brazilian b.1954)Tikashi Fukushima (Brazilian b.1920, d.2001)Jose Paulo Ifanger (Brazilian )Manabu Mabe (Brazilian b.1924, d.1997)Aloisio Magalhaes (Brazilian b.1927, d.1982)Yolanda Mohalyi (Brazilian b.1902, d.1979)Wega Nery (Brazilian b.1912)Tomie Ohtake (Brazilian b.1913)Jaime Poncciano (Brazilian )Candido Portinari (Brazilian b.1903, d.1962)Raul Porto (Brazilian b.1936)Armando Sendin (Brazilian b.1925)N. Seoane (Brazilian )Alberto Teixeira (Brazilian b.1925)Yutaka Toyota (Brazilian b.1931)Cybele Varela (Brazilian b.1943)M. Victoria Vieira (Brazilian )Kazuo Wakabayashi (Brazilian b.1931)

SCULPTURES, INSTALLATIONS, OBJECTS (Brazil)

Nair Kremer (Brazilian b.1938)Yutaka Toyota (Brazilian b.1931)(Unknown) (17th Century)Aparicio Basilio Da Silva (Brazilian b.1936, d.1992)Maria Martins (Brazilian b.1900, d.1973)

DRAWINGS, COLLAGES, WATERCOLORS…/PAPER (Brazil)

Roberto Burle-Marx (Brazilian b.1909, d.1994)Carlos Clemen (Brazilian; Argentine b.1942)Rubens Gerchman (Brazilian b.1942)Marcelo Grassmann (Brazilian b.1925)Manabu Mabe (Brazilian b.1924, d.1997)Aldemir Martins (Brazilian b.1922)Regina Silveira (Brazilian b.1939)

PRINTS (Brazil)

Antonio Henrique Amaral (Brazilian b.1935)Edith Behring (Brazilian.1916, d.1996)Ruth Bess (Brazilian b.1924)Maria Bonomi (Brazilian b.1935)Roberto Burle-Marx (Brazilian b.1909, d.1994)

20 -Roberto De Lamonica (Brazilian b.1933)Marcelo Grassmann (Brazilian b.1925)Odetto Guersoni (Brazilian b.1924)Angelo Hodick (Brazilian b.1945)Tomie Ohtake (Brazilian b.1913)Fayga Ostrower (Brazilian b.1920, d.2001)Lasar Segall (Brazilian b.1892, d.1957)

PHOTOGRAPHS (Brazil)

Claudia Andujar (Brazilian b.1931)Nair Benedicto (Brazilian b.1940)Miguel Chikaoka (Brazilian b.1950)Leopoldo Plentz (Brazilian b.1952)Ed Viggiani (Brazilian b.1959)Ed Viggiani (Brazilian b.1959)

CHILE

PAINTINGS (Chile)

Ernesto Barreda (Chilean b.1927)Jaime Bendersky (Chilean b.1922, d.1997)Mario Carreño (Cuban; Chilean b.1913, d.1999)Enrique Castro-Cid (Chilean b.1937, d.1993)Belisario Contreras (Chilean; United States b.1916, d.1990)Adolfo Couve (Chilean b.1940, d.1998)Gonzalo Diaz (Chilean b.1947)Fernando Feuereisen (Chilean b.1963)Manuel Gomez Hassan (Chilean b.1924)Jorge Gonzalez Lohse (Chilean b.1963)Alfredo Helsby (Chilean b.1862, d.1933)Roberto Matta (Chilean b.1911, d.2002)Camilo Mori (Chilean b.1896, d.1974)Guillermo Nuñez (Chilean b.1930)Rodolfo Opazo (Chilean b.1935)Gaston Orellana (Chilean b.1933)Matilde Perez (Chilean b.1920)Benito Rojo (Chilean b.1950)Mario Toral (Chilean b.1934)Carlos Vasquez (Chilean b.1931)Ramon Vergara Grez (Chilean b.1923)Enrique Zamudio (Chilean b.1955)

SCULPTURES, INSTALLATIONS, OBJECTS (Chile)

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Sergio Castillo (Chilean b.1925)Marta Colvin (Chilean b.1915, d.1995)Victor Mena Chouquet (Chilean )Raul Valdivieso (Chilean b.1931, d.1993)Luis Humberto Videla Fajardo (Chilean b.1965)

DRAWINGS, COLLAGES, WATERCOLORS…/ PAPER (Chile)

Juan Astica (Chilean; Argentine b.1953)Pablo A. Burchard (Chilean b.1919)Mario Carreño (Cuban; Chilean b.1913, d.1999)Francisco Javier Court (Chilean b.Circa 1949)Juan Downey (Chilean b.1940, d.1993)Fernando Feuereisen (Chilean b.1963)Eduardo Garreaud (Chilean b.1942)Rodolfo Opazo (Chilean b.1935)

PRINTS (Chile)

Nemesio Antunez (Chilean b.1918, d.1993)Juan Bernal Ponce (Chilean; Costa Rican b.1938)Claudio Bravo (Chilean b.1936)Roser Bru (Chilean b.1923)Mele Bruniard (Chilean )Mario Carreño (Cuban; Chilean b.1913, d.1999)Francisco Copello (Chilean b.1938)Delia del Carril (Chilean b.1885, d.1989)Juan Downey (Chilean b.1940, d.1993)Carlos Hermosilla (Chilean b.1905, d.1991)Roberto Matta (Chilean b.1911, d.2002)Rodolfo Opazo (Chilean b.1935)Soledad Salame (Chilean b.1954)Mario Toral (Chilean b.1934)Fernando Torm (Chilean b.1944)Eduardo Vilches (Chilean b.1932)

PHOTOGRAPHS (Chile)

Claudio Bertoni (Chilean b.1946)Ralf Brinkmann (Chilean; German b.1946)Paz Errazuriz (Chilean )Gonzalo Mezza (Chilean b.1949)

22 -Lincoyan Parada (Chilean b.1947)Miguel Sayago (Chilean b.1948)

COLOMBIA

PAINTINGS (Colombia)

Luis Alberto Acuña (Colombian b.1904, d.1993)Antonio Barrera (Colombian b.1948, d.1990)Ricardo Borrero (Colombian b.1874, d.1931)Enrique Grau (Colombian b.1920, d.2004)Manuel Hernandez (Colombian b.1928)Luciano Jaramillo (Colombian b.1938, d.1984)Luis Luna (Colombian b.1958)David Manzur (Colombian b.1929)Judith Marquez (Colombian b.1919)Francisco Mejia (Colombian b.1964)Alejandro Obregon (Colombian b.1920, d.1992)Ana Patricia Palacios (Colombian b.1961)Dora Ramirez (Colombian b.1923)Eduardo Ramirez Villamizar (Colombian b.1923)Omar Rayo (Colombian b.1928)Leopoldo Richter (Colombian b.1896, d.1984)Fanny Sanin (Colombian b.1935)Armando Villegas (Peruvian b.1926)Gustavo Zalamea (Colombian b.1951)

SCULPTURES, INSTALLATIONS, OBJECTS (Colombia)

John Castles (Colombian b.1946)Beatriz Echeverri (Colombian b.1938)Enrique Grau (Colombian b.1920, d.2004)Edgar Negret (Colombian b.1920)Pedro Sandino (Colombian b.1919)Eduardo Urueta (Colombian b.1940)Hugo Zapata (Colombian b.1945)Carolina Mayorga (Colombian b.1970)Pablo Van Wong (Colombian b.1957)

TEXTILE ART (Colombia)

Olga de Amaral (Colombian b.1932)

23 -

DRAWINGS, COLLAGE, WATERCOLOR…/PAPER (Colombia)

Felix Angel (Colombian b.1949)Antonio Barrera (Colombian b.1948, d.1990)Alvaro Barrios (Colombian b.1945)Gerardo Caballero (Colombian b.1938)Manuel Cantor (Colombian b.1939)Carlos Duque (Colombian )Jose Victor Echeverria (Colombian )Leonel Gongora (Colombian b.1932, d.1999)Enrique Grau (Colombian b.1920, d.2004)Lorenzo Jaramillo (Colombian b.1955, d.1992)Armando Londoño (Colombian b.1944)Guillermo Ovalle (Colombian b.1957)Carlos Padilla (Colombian b.1946)Rafael Penagos (Colombian b.1941)Humberto Perez (Colombian b.1931)Eduardo Ramirez Villamizar (Colombian b.1923)Leopoldo Richter (Colombian b.1896, d.1984)Jorge Rocha (Colombian b.1949)Marta Rodriguez (Colombian b.1947)Pascual Ruiz (Colombian b.1951)Jose Antonio Suarez Londoño (Colombian b.1955)

PRINTS (Colombia)

Pedro Alcantara (Colombian b.1940)Edgar Alvarez (Colombian b.1947)Ever Astudillo (Colombian b.1948)Maria Elena Bernal (Colombian b.1947)Enrique Grau (Colombian b.1920, d.2004)Ana Mercedes Hoyos (Colombian b.1942)Maria de la Paz Jaramillo (Colombian b.1948)Armando Londoño (Colombian b.1944)David Manzur (Colombian b.1929)Margarita Monsalve (Colombian b.1948)Oscar Muñoz (Colombian b.1951)Edgar Negret (Colombian b.1920)Omar Rayo (Colombian b.1928)Ana Maria Rueda (Colombian b.1951)Francisco Valderrama (Colombian b.1930)

PHOTOGRAPHS (Colombia)

24 -Elsa Borrero (Colombian b.1958)Carlos Caicedo (Colombian b.1929)Carlos Caicedo (Colombian b.1929)Luz Elena Castro (Colombian )Egar (Colombian b.1931)Franco Fernell (Colombian b.1942)Leo Matiz (Colombian b.1917, d.1998)Miguel Angel Rojas (Colombian b.1946)Gilma Suarez (Colombian )Sergio Trujillo (Colombian b.1947)

COSTA RICA

PAINTINGS (Costa Rica)

Pedro Arrieta (Costa Rican b.1954, d.2004)Claudio Fantini (Costa Rican b.1970)Lola Fernandez (Costa Rican b.1926)Rafael Fernandez (Costa Rican b.1935)Rolando Garita (Costa Rican b.1955)Leonel Gonzalez (Costa Rican b.1962)Fabio Herrera (Costa Rican b.1954)Carmen Santos Fernandez (Costa Rican )

OBJECTS, SCULPTURES, INSTALLATIONS (Costa Rica)

Jimenez Deredia (Costa Rican b.1954)Jose Sancho (Costa Rican b.1935)Edgar Zuñiga (Costa Rican b.1950)Franklin Zuniga (Costa Rican b.1956)

DRAWINGS, COLLAGES, WATERCOLORS…/PAPER (Costa Rica)

Fernando Carballo (Costa Rican b.1941)Carlos Poveda (Costa Rican b.1940)

PRINTS (Costa Rica)

Francisco Amighetti ( b.1907, d.1998)Carlos Barboza (Costa Rican b.1943)Juan Bernal Ponce (Chilean; Costa Rican b.1938)Manuel de la Cruz Gonzalez ( b.1909, d.1986)Gilbert LaporteTeodorico Quiros (b.1897, d.1977)

25 -Adolfo SaenzCarlos Salazar Herrera (b.1906)Cesar Valverde (Costa Rican b.1928)Francisco Zuñiga (b.1912, d.1998)

PHOTOGRAPHS (Costa Rica)

Victoria Cabezas Green (Costa Rican b.1950)Giorgio Timms (Costa Rican b.1947)

CUBA

PAINTINGS (Cuba)

Elio Beltran (b.1929 Cuba; United States)Cundo Bermudez (Cuba b.1914)Humberto Calzada (Cuba; United States b.1944)Jorge Camacho (Cuba; France b.1934)Mario Carreño (Cuba; Chile b.1913, d.1999)Mirta Cerra (Cuba b.1908, d.1986)Hugo Consuegra (Cuba b.1929)Roberto Diago (Cuba b.1910, d.1955)Mario Diaz Bencomo (Cuba; United States b.1953)Alberto Donat (Cuba; United States b.1940)Agustin Fernandez (Cuba b.1928)Victor Patricio Landaluze (Cuba b.1827, d.1889)Raquel Lazaro (Cuba; United States b.1917)Felipe Orlando (Cuba; Mexico b.1911, d.2001)Amelia Pelaez (Cuba b.1896, d.1968)Fidelio Ponce de Leon (Cuba b.1895, d.1949)Rene Portocarrero (Cuba b.1912, d.1985)Baruj Salinas (Cuba b.1935)Thorvald Sanchez (Cuba; United States b.1933)Daniel Serra Badue (Cuba b.1914, d.1996)Rafael Soriano (Cuba; United States b.1920)Rafael Vadia (Cuba; United States b.1950)

SCULPTURES, INSTALLATIONS, OBJECTS (Cuba)

Carlos Alfonzo (Cuba; United States b.1950, d.1991)Jose Ygnacio Bermudez (Cuba; United States b.1922)Roberto Estopiñan (Cuba b.1921)Enzo Gallo (United States; Cuba b.1927)Enrique Gay Garcia (Cuba; United States b.1928)Juan Jose Sicre (Cuba b.1898, d.1974)

26 -

DRAWINGS, COLLAGES, WATERCOLORS…/PAPER (Cuba)

Rene Portocarrero (Cuba b.1912, d.1985)Jose Ygnacio Bermudez (Cuba; United States b.1922)Ramon Alejandro (Cuba; France b.1943)Carlos Alfonzo (Cuba; United States b.1950, d.1991)Alejandro Anreus (Cuba; United States b.1960)Servando Cabrera Moreno (Cuba b.1923, d.1981)Humberto Calzada (Cuba; United States b.1944)Mario Carreño (Cuba; Chile b.1913, d.1999)Ramon Carulla (Cuba; United States b.1938)Eloisa Castellanos (Cuba )Mario Diaz Bencomo (Cuba; United States b.1953)Roberto Estopiñan (Cuba; United States b.1921)Agustin Fernandez (Cuba b.1928)Lia Galletti (Cuba; United States b.1943)Raul Milian (Cuba b.1914, d.1986)Amelia Pelaez (Cuba b.1896, d.1968)Fidelio Ponce de Leon (Cuba b.1895, d.1949)Rene Portocarrero (Cuba b.1912, d.1985)

PRINTS (Cuba)

Cundo Bermudez (Cuba b.1914)Jose Ygnacio Bermudez (Cuba; United States b.1922)Jorge Camacho (Cuba; France b.1934)Mario Carreño (Cuba; Chile b.1913, d.1999)Waldo Diaz-Balart (Cuba; United States b.1931)Agustin Fernandez (Cuba b.1928)Victor Gomez (Cuba; United States b.1941)Wifredo Lam (Cuba b.1902, d.1982)Felipe Orlando (Cuba; Mexico b.1911, d.2001)Gina Pellon (Cuba; France b.1926)Jorge Perez Castaño (Cuba b.1932)Rene Portocarrero (Cuba b.1912, d.1985)Baruj Salinas (Cuba b.1935)Emilio Sanchez (Cuba; United States b.1921, d.1999)

PHOTOGRAPHS (Cuba)

Maria Martinez-Cañas (Cuba; United States b.1960)Mario Picayo (Cuba; United States b.1957)Richard Rodriguez (Cuba; United States b.1950)

27 -

Dominican Republic

PAINTINGS (Dominican Republic)

Tony Capellan (Dominican b.1955)Jaime Colson (b.1901, d.1975)Ramon Oviedo (Dominican b.1927)Jose Perdomo (Dominican b.1943)Ines Tolentino (Dominican b.1962)Celeste Woss y Gil (Dominican b.1890, d.1985)

SCULPTURES, INSTALLATIONS, OBJECTS (Dominican Republic)

Johnny Bonnelly (Dominican b.1951)Tony Capellan (Dominican b.1955)

DRAWINGS, COLLAGES, WATERCOLORS…/PAPER (Dominican Republic)

Dionisio Blanco (Dominican b.1953)Manuel Montilla (Dominican b.1948)Dario Suro (Dominican b.1917, d.1997)

PRINTS (Dominican Republic)

Bismarck Victoria (Dominican b.1952)

PHOTOGRAPHS (Dominican Republic)

Domingo Batista (Dominican b.1946)Wifredo Garcia (Dominican b.1935, d.1989)Mariano Hernandez (Dominican b.1954)Mariano Hernandez (Dominican b.1954)

ECUADOR

PAINTINGS (Ecuador)

Antonio Bellolio (Ecuadorian b.1900, d.1968)Miguel Betancourt (Ecuadorian b.1958)Estuardo Maldonado (Ecuadorian b.1928)Hector Ramirez (Ecuadorian )Manuel Rendon (Ecuadorian b.1894, d.1982)Enrique Tabara (Ecuadorian b.1930)Cesar Valencia (Ecuadorian b.1918)

28 -Anibal Villacis (Ecuadorian b.1927)

DRAWINGS, COLLAGES, WATERCOLORS / PAPER (Ecuador)

Gilberto Almeida (Ecuadorian b.1928)Felix Arauz (Ecuadorian b.1935)Miguel Betancourt (Ecuadorian b.1958)Oswaldo Guayasamin (Ecuadorian b.1919, d.1999)Ramiro Jacome (Ecuadorian b.1948)Eduardo Kingman (Ecuadorian b.1913, d.1998)Estuardo Maldonado (Ecuadorian b.1928)Manuel Rendon (Ecuadorian b.1894, d.1982)Celso Rojas (Ecuadorian b.1951)Enrique Tabara (Ecuadorian b.1930)Oswaldo Viteri (Ecuadorian b.1931)

PRINTS (Ecuador)

Tanya Kohn (Mexican; Ecuadorian b.1935)

PHOTOGRAPHS (Ecuador)

Hugo Cifuentes (Ecuadorian )Marcela Garcia (Ecuadorian b.1954)Gustavo Landivar Heredia (Ecuadorian b.1955)

EL SALVADOR

PAINTINGS (El Salvador)

Mauricio Aguilar (Salvadoran b.1919, d.1978)Benjamin Cañas (Salvadoran b.1933, d.1987)Roberto Galicia (Salvadoran b.1945)Roberto Huezo (Salvadoran b.1947)Cesar Menendez (Salvadoran b.1954)Salvador Salarrue (Salvadoran b.1899, d.1975)

SCULPTURES, INSTALLATIONS, OBJECTS (El Salvador)

Negra Alvarez (Salvadoran b.1948)Patricia Salaverria (Salvadoran b.1948)

DRAWINGS, COLLAGES, WATERCOLORS / PAPER (El Salvador)

29 -Benjamin Cañas (Salvadoran b.1933, d.1987)

PRINTS (El Salvador)

Luis Alfredo Caceres (Salvadoran b.1900, d.1952)Benjamin Cañas (Salvadoran b.1933, d.1987)

PHOTOGRAPHS (El Salvador)

Maria Teresa Diaz Colocho (Salvadoran b.1960)Muriel Hasbun (Salvadoran b.1961)

Guatemala

PAINTINGS (Guatemala)

Maria Dolores Castellanos (Guatemalan b.1958)Miguel Chavez (Guatemalan )Humberto Garavito (Guatemalan b.1897, d.1970)Roberto Gonzalez Goyri (Guatemalan b.1924)Carlos Merida (Guatemalan; Mexican b.1891, d.1984)Rodolfo Mishaan (Guatemalan b.1924)Roberto Ossaye (Guatemalan b.1927, d.1954)Marco Augusto Quiroa (Guatemalan b.1937)Elmar Rojas (Guatemalan b.1937)

SCULPTURES, INSTALLATIONS, OBJECTS (Guatemala)

Joyce (Guatemalan b.1938, d.2000)

DRAWINGS, COLLAGES, WATERCOLORS / PAPER (Guatemala)

Rodolfo Abularach (Guatemalan b.1933)Roberto Cabrera (Guatemalan b.1939)Carlos Merida (Guatemalan; Mexican b.1891, d.1984)Elmar Rojas (Guatemalan b.1937)

PRINTS (Guatemala)

Rodolfo Abularach (Guatemalan b.1933)Roberto Gonzalez Goyri (Guatemalan b.1924)Carlos Merida (Guatemalan; Mexican b.1891, d.1984)Rolando Pisquiy (Guatemalan b.1955)Elmar Rojas (Guatemalan b.1937)

30 -PHOTOGRAPHS (Guatemala)

Daniel Hernandez-Salazar (Guatemalan b.1956)Ricardo Mata (Guatemalan )Ricardo Mata (Guatemalan )Diego Molina (Guatemalan b.1949)

HAITI

PAINTINGS (Haiti)

Mario Benjamin (Haitian b.1964)Laurent Casimir (Haitian b.1924)Joseph Jean-Gilles (Haitian b.1943)Petion Savain (Haitian b.1906, d.1975)

SCULPTURES, INSTALLATIONS, OBJECTS (Haiti)

Philippe Dodard (Haitian b.1954)Georges Liautaud (Haitian b.1899, d.1991)

DRAWINGS, COLLAGES, WATERCOLORS…./ PAPER (Haiti)

Gesner Armand (Haitian b.1936)

PRINTS (Haiti)

Gabriel Alix (Haitian b.1930, d.1998)Castera Bazile (Haitian b.1923, d.1965)Rigaud Benoit (Haitian b.1911, d.1986)Wilson Bigaud (Haitian b.1931)Dieudonne Cedor (Haitian b.1925)Jacques-Enguerrand Gourgue (Haitian b.1930, d.1996)Antonio Joseph (Haitian b.1921)Gabriel Leveque (Haitian b.1923)Luismond Merelus (Haitian )

HONDURAS

PAINTINGS (Honduras)

Arturo Lopez-Rodezno (Honduran b.1906, d.1975)Virgilio Guardiola (Honduran b.1947)Armando Lara (Honduran b.1959)Maury (Honduran b.1950)

31 -Ezequiel Padilla Ayestas (Honduran b.1944)Jose Antonio Velasquez (Honduran b.1906, d.1983)Julio Visquerra (Honduran b. 1944)Carlos Zuniga Figueroa (Honduran b.1884, d.1964)

SCULPTURES, INSTALLATIONS, OBJECTS (Honduras)

Obed Valladares (Honduran b.1952, d.1994)Jesus Antonio Zelaya (Honduran b.1954)

JAMAICA

PAINTINGS (Jamaica)

David Boxer (Jamaican b.1946)Clinton Brown (Jamaican b.1954)Everald Brown (Jamaican b.1917)Karl "Jerry" Craig (Jamaican b.1936)Kapo (Jamaican b.1911, d.1989)Sidney McLaren (Jamaican b.1895, d.1979)Karl Parboosingh (Jamaican b.1923, d.1975)

SCULPTURES, INSTALLATIONS, OBJECTS (Jamaica

Everald Brown (Jamaican b.1917)David Boxer (Jamaican b.1946)

PHOTOGRAPHS (Jamaica)

Owen Minott (Jamaican b.1925)Cecil Norman Ward (Jamaican b.1948)

MEXICO

PINTURA (Mexico)

Carlos Belaunzaran (Mexico b.1940)Pedro Coronel (Mexico b.1923, d.1985)Rafael Coronel (Mexico b.1932)Gabriel de la Mora (Mexico b.1968)Olga Donde (Mexico b.1935)Manuel Felguerez (Mexico b.1928)Alberto Gironella (Mexico b.1929, d.1999)Ignacio Habrika (Mexico b.1953)Alejandro Herrera Cruz (Mexico b.1955)

32 -Abelardo Lopez Moreno (Mexico b.1957)Antonio Lopez Saenz (Mexico b.1936)Ariel Mendoza Baños (Mexico b.1956)Carlos Merida (Guatemala; Mexico b.1891, d.1984)Felipe Morales Lopez (Mexico b.1959)Felipe Morales Lopez (Mexico b.1959)Hector Navarro (Mexico b.1937)Leonardo Nierman (Mexico b.1932)Felipe Orlando (Cuba; Mexico b.1911, d.2001)Antonio Pelaez (Mexico b.1921)Vicente Rojo (Mexico b.1932)Cecilio Sanchez Franco (Mexico b.1957)Filemon Santiago Avendaño (Mexico b.1958)Carlos Vazquez Kauffmann (Mexico b.1955)

SCULPTURES, INSTALLATIONS, OBJECTS (Mexico)

Pedro Friedeberg (Mexico b. 1937) Becky Guttin (Mexico b.1954)Salvador Manzano (Mexico b.1952)Luis Ortiz Monasterio (Mexico b.1906, d.1990)Marta Palau (Mexico b.1934)

DRAWINGS, COLLAGES WATERCOLOR.../ PAPER (Mexico)

Edmundo Aquino (Mexico b.1939)Sanguino Carillo (Mexico )Pedro Cervantes (Mexico )Rafael Coronel (Mexico b.1932)Roberto Cortazar (Mexico b.1962)Jose Luis Cuevas (Mexico b.1933)Camila Hernandez (Mexico )Carlos Merida (Guatemala; Mexico b.1891, d.1984)Hector Navarro (Mexico b.1937)Leonardo Nierman (Mexico b.1932)Alfredo Ramos Martinez (Mexico b.1872, d.1946)Filemon Santiago Avendaño (Mexico b.1958)

GRABADOS (Mexico)

Juan Alcazar (Mexico b.1955)Edmundo Aquino (Mexico b.1939)Jose Bartoli (Mexico )Fernando Castro Pacheco (Mexico b.1918)Jose Chavez Morado (Mexico b.1909, d.2002)

33 -Enrique Climent (Mexico b.1897, d.1980)Arnaldo Coen (Mexico b.1940)Pedro Coronel (Mexico b.1923, d.1985)Carlos Cuellar (Mexico b.1943)Jose Luis Cuevas (Mexico b.1933)Antonio Diaz Cortes (Mexico b.1935)Olga Donde (Mexico b.1935)Gunther Gerzso (Mexico b.1915, d.2000)Mathias Goeritz (Mexico b.1915, d.1990)Tanya Kohn (Mexico; Ecuadorian b.1935)Joy Laville (Mexico b.1923)Teodoro Maos (Mexico b.1935)Jesus Martinez Alvarez (Mexico b.1942)Leopoldo Mendez (Mexico b.1902, d.1969)Carlos Merida (Guatemala; Mexico b.1891, d.1984)Ignacio Miranda (Mexico b.1931)Roberto Montenegro (Mexico b.1887, d.1968)Francisco Mora (Mexico b.1922, d.2002)Rodolfo Nieto (Mexico b.1936, d.1985)Luis Nishizawa (Mexico b.1918)Pablo O'Higgins (Mexico b.1904, d.1983)Isidro Ocampo (Mexico b.1910)Felipe Orlando (Cuba; Mexico b.1911, d.2001)Jose Clemente Orozco (Mexico b.1883, d.1949)Jose Guadalupe Posada (Mexico b.1852, d.1913)Pedro Preux (Mexico b.1932)Carla Rippey (Mexico b.1950)Ricardo Rocha (Mexico b.1937)Juan Salazar (Mexico b.1934)David Alfaro Siqueiros (Mexico b.1896, d.1974)Taller de Grafica Popular (Mexico b.1937)Eduardo Tamariz (Mexico b.1945)Rufino Tamayo (Mexico b.1899, d.1991)Alfredo Zalce (Mexico b.1908, d.2003)Rafael Zepeda (Mexico b.1938)

PHOTOGRAPHS (Mexico)

Daisy Ascher (Mexico b.1944)Manuel Carrillo (Mexico b.1906, d.1989)Graciela Iturbide (Mexico b.1942)Fabricio Leon Diez (Mexico b.1963)Pedro Meyer (Mexico b.1935)Jose Luis Neyra (Mexico b.1930)Raul Stolkiner (Mexico b.1958)

34 -Pedro Valtierra Ruvalcaba (Mexico b.1955)

NICARAGUA

PAINTINGS (Nicaragua)

Dino Aranda (Nicaraguan b.1945)Alejandro Arostegui (Nicaraguan b.1935)Bernard Dreyfus (Nicaraguan b.1940)Asilia Guillen (Nicaraguan b.1887, d.1964)Omar d' Leon (Nicaraguan b.1929)Armando Morales (Nicaraguan b.1927)Rodrigo Peñalba (Nicaraguan b.1908, d.1979)

DRAWINGS, COLLAGES, WATERCOLORS... / PAPER (Nicaragua)

Dino Aranda (Nicaraguan b.1945)Rolando Castellon (Nicaraguan b.1937)Omar d' Leon (Nicaraguan b.1929)Leoncio Saenz (Nicaraguan b.1935)

PRINTS (Nicaragua)

Armando Morales (Nicaraguan b.1927)Humberto Pasos (Nicaraguan b.1933)

PHOTOGRAPHS (Nicaragua)

Leonardo Barreto (Nicaraguan )Rossana Lacayo (Nicaraguan b.1958)

PANAMA

PAINTINGS (Panama)

Brooke Alfaro (Panamanian b.1949)Beatrix Briceño (Panamanian b.1911, d.1985)Coqui Calderon (Panamanian b.1937)Jorge Dunn (Panamanian )Alberto Dutary (Panamanian b.1932, d.1998)Teresa Icaza (Panamanian b.1940)Humberto Ivaldy (Panamanian b.1909-1912, d.1947)Victor Lewis (Panamanian b.1918)Roser Muntañola (Panamanian b.1928)

35 -Tabo Toral (Panamanian b.1950)Guillermo Trujillo (Panamanian b.1927)

SCULPTURES, INSTALLATIONS, OBJECTS (Panama)

Susana Arias (Panamanian b.1953)

DRAWINGS, COLLAGES, WATERCOLORS…/ PAPER (Panama)

Nessim Bassan (Panamanian b.1950) Manuel Chong Neto (Panamanian b. 1927)Alberto Dutary (Panamanian b.1932, d.1998)Ciro Oduber (Panamanian b.1921, d.2000)Rogelio Pretto (Panamanian b.1944)Guillermo Trujillo (Panamanian b.1927)Julio Zachrisson (Panamanian b.1930)

PRINTS (Panama)

Alfredo Sinclair (Panamanian b.1915)Guillermo Trujillo (Panamanian b.1927)Julio Zachrisson (Panamanian b.1930)

PARAGUAY

PAINTINGS (Paraguay)

Pedro Aguero (Paraguay b.1958)Pablo Alborno (Paraguay b.1878, d.1958)Enrique Careaga (Paraguay b.1944)Oscar Centurion (Paraguay b.1955)Carlos Colombino (Paraguay b.1937)Ricardo Migliorisi (Paraguay b.1948)Margarita Morselli (Paraguay b.1952)

SCULPTURES, INSTALLATIONS, OBJECTS (Paraguay)

Hermann Guggiari (Paraguay b.1924)Felix Toranzos (Paraguay b.1962)

DRAWINGS, COLLAGES, WATERCOLORS..../PAPER (Paraguay)

Miguel Heyn (Paraguay b.1950, d.1987)Bernardo Krasniansky (Paraguay b.1951)Selmo Martinez (Paraguay b.1948)

36 -

PRINTS (Paraguay)

Enrique Careaga (Paraguay b.1944)Carlos Colombino (Paraguay b.1937)

37 -

PHOTOGRAPHS (Paraguay)

Fernando Allen Galiano (Paraguay b.1959)Bernardo Krasniansky (Paraguay b.1951)Juan Carlos Meza (Paraguay b.1965)Rosa Palazon (Paraguay b.1963)

PERU

PAINTINGS (Peru)

Maricruz Arribas (Peruvian )Carlos Castillo (Peruvian b.1913)Julia Codesido (Peruvian b.1892, d.1979)Carlos Davila (Peruvian b.1935)Nieves Dianderas (Peruvian b.1929)Enrique Galdos Rivas ( b.1933)Gaston Garreaud (Peruvian b.1934)Arturo Kubotta (Peruvian b.1932)Antonio Maro (Peruvian b.1928)Alberto Quintanilla (Peruvian b.1934)Gilberto Rebaza (Peruvian b.1939)Venancio Shinki (Peruvian b.1932)Fernando de Szyszlo (Peruvian b.1925)Eduardo Tokeshi (Peruvian; b.1960)Armando Villegas (Peruvian; Colombian b. 1926)

SCULPTURES, INSTALLATIONS, OBJECTS (Peru)

Maricruz Arribas (Peruvian )Pilar Martinez (Peruvian b.Circa 1949)Manuel Pereira (Peruvian b.1935)Rene Pereira (Peruvian b.1937)Joaquin Roca Rey (Peruvian b.1923)Carlos Runcie Tanaka (Peruvian b.1958)

DRAWINGS, COLLAGES, WATERCOLORS…/ PAPER (Peru)

Humberto Aquino (Peruvian b.1947)Servulo Gutierrez (Peruvian b.1914, d.1961)Julia Navarrete (Peruvian b.1938)Teodoro Nuñez Ureta (Peruvian b.1912, d.1988)Ciro Palacios (Peruvian b.1943)Leoncio Villanueva (Peruvian b.1947)

38 -

PRINTS (Peru)

Humberto Aquino (Peruvian b.1947)Orlando Condeso (Peruvian b.1947)Claudio Juarez (Peruvian b.1938)Antonio Maro (Peruvian b.1928)Jose Sabogal (Peruvian b.1888, d.1956)Fernando de Szyszlo (Peruvian b.1925)Leoncio Villanueva (Peruvian b.1947)

PHOTOGRAPHS (Peru)

Trinidad Carrillo (Peruvian b.1975)Roberto Fantozzi Riveros (Peruvian b.1953)Guillermo Hare Calle (Peruvian b.1946)Fernando La Rosa (Peruvian b.1943)Maria Cecilia Piazza (Peruvian )Javier Silva Meinel (Peruvian b.1949)

SURINAME

PAINTINGS

Soeki Irodikromo (Suriname b.1945)

TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO

PAINTINGS (Trinidad and Tobago)

M.P. Alladin (Trinidad b.1919, d.1980)

DRAWINGS, COLLAGES, WATERCOLORS…./ PAPER (Trinidad and Tobago)

Roslyn Cambridge (Trinidad b.1946)

PRINTS (Trinidad and Tobago)

Sonnylal Rambissoon (Trinidad b.1926)Nina Squires (Trinidad b.1929)

UNITED STATES (Puerto Rico; and hispanic-american artists in U.S.)

39 -PAINTINGS (United States)

Mario Diaz Bencomo (Cuban; United States b.1953)Jaime Fournier (Puerto Rico b.1935)Anaida Hernandez (Puerto Rico )Luis Hernandez Cruz (Puerto Rico b.1936)Julio Rosado del Valle (Puerto Rico b.1922)Rafael Vadia (Cuban; United States b.1950)

SCULPTURES, INSTALLATIONS, OBJECTS (United States)

Carlos Alfonzo (Cuban; United States b.1950, d.1991)Rafael Ferrer (Puerto Rico b.1933)Pablo Rubio (Puerto Rico b.1944)Charles J. Seplowin (Puerto Rico; United States)Melquiades Rosario Sastre (Puerto Rico b.1953)Margot Schnitzer de Neuhaus (United States)

DRAWINGS, COLLAGES, WATERCOLORS...../ PAPER (United States)

Carlos Alfonzo (Cuban; United States b.1950, d.1991)Alejandro Anreus (Cuban; United States b.1960)Jose Ygnacio Bermudez (Cuban, Unites States b.1922)Lia Galletti (Cuban; United States b.1943)Juan Ramon Velasquez (Puerto Rico b.1950)Juan Ramon Velasquez (Puerto Rico b.1950)

PRINTS (United States)

Jose Alicea (Puerto Rico b.1928)Myrna Baez (Puerto Rico b.1931)Jose Ygnacio Bermudez (Cuban b.1922)Antonio Frasconi (Uruguayan; United States b.1919)Victor Gomez (Cuban; United States b.1941)Consuelo Gotay (Puerto Rico b.1949)Emilio Sanchez (Cuban; United States b.1921, d.1999)Juan Ramon Velasquez (Puerto Rico b.1950)

PHOTOGRAPHS (United States)

Marilyn Bridges (United States b.1948)Maria Martinez-Cañas (Cuban; United States b.1960)Frieda Medin Ojeda (Puerto Rico b.1949)Hans Namuth (German; United States b.1915, d.1990)Mario Picayo (Cuban; United States b.1957)

40 -Richard Rodriguez (Cuban; United States b.1950)Victor Vazquez (Puerto Rico b.1950)

URUGUAY

PAINTINGS (Uruguay)

Zoma Baitler (Uruguayan b.1908, d.1994)Glauco Capozzoli (Uruguayan b.1929)Jose Pedro Costigliolo (Uruguayan b.1902, d.1985)Jose Cuneo (Uruguayan b.1887, d.1977)Jorge Damiani (Uruguayan b.1931)Carmelo de Arzadun (Uruguayan b.1888, d.1968)Pedro Figari (Uruguayan b.1861, d.1938)Maria Freire (Uruguayan b.1917)Jose Gurvich (Uruguayan b.1927, d.1974)Marcelo Legrand (Uruguayan b.1961)Vicente Martin (Uruguayan b.1911, d.1998)Enrique Medina Ramela (Uruguayan b.1935)Carlos Paez Vilaro (Uruguayan b.1923)Jorge Paez Vilaro (Uruguayan b.1921, d.1994)Manuel Pailos (Uruguayan b.1918)Lincoln Presno (Uruguayan b.1917, d.1991)Nelson Ramos (Uruguayan b.1932)Alceu Ribeiro (Uruguayan b.1919)Angel Tejera (Uruguayan b.1939)Joaquin Torres-Garcia (Uruguayan b.1874, d.1949)

SCULPTURES, INSTLLATIONS, OBJECTS (Uruguay)

Rimer Cardillo (Uruguayan b.1944)Alfredo Halegua (Uruguayan b.1930)Naul Ojeda (Uruguayan b.1939, d.2002)

DRAWINGS, COLLAGES, WATERCOLORS... / PAPER (Uruguay)

Carlos Amoretti (Uruguayan b.circa 1930s)Washington Barcala (Uruguayan b.1920)Rafael Barradas (Uruguayan b.1890, d.1929)Jose Cuneo (Uruguayan b.1887, d.1977)Jose Echave (Uruguayan b.1921)Eduardo Fornasari (Uruguayan b.1946)Ignacio Iturria (Uruguayan b.1949)Cecilia Mattos (Uruguayan b.1958)Jorge Paez Vilaro (Uruguayan b.1921, d.1994)

41 -Marta Restuccia (Uruguayan b.1937)Luis Solari (Uruguayan b.1918, d.1993)Jose Trujillo (Uruguayan )

PRINTS (Uruguay)

Luis Acosta Garcia (Uruguayan b.1943)Rimer Cardillo (Uruguayan b.1944)Raul Cattelani (Uruguayan b.1927)Antonio Frasconi (Uruguayan; United States b.1919)Maria Freire (Uruguayan b.1917)Carlos Gonzalez (Uruguayan b.1905, d.1993)Ignacio Iturria (Uruguayan b.1949)Naul Ojeda (Uruguayan b.1939, d.2002)Lincoln Presno (Uruguayan b.1917, d.1991)Luis Solari (Uruguayan b.1918, d.1993)Alfredo Testoni (Uruguayan b.1919)

PHOTOGRAPHS (Uruguay)Alfonso de Bejar (Uruguayan b.1961)Roberto Fernandez Ibanez (Uruguayan b.1955)Roberto Schettini (Uruguayan )Julio Testoni (Uruguayan b.1948)Alvaro Zinno (Uruguayan b.1958)

42 -

VENEZUELA

PAINTINGS (Venezuela)

Luis Barreto (Venezuela b.1949)Ricardo Benaim (Venezuela b.1949)Renato Cortesi (Venezuela )Jose Maria Cruxent (Venezuela b.1911)Carlos Cruz-Diez (Venezuela b.1923)Carlos David (Venezuela b.1961)Marcel Floris (Venezuela b.1914)Onofre Frias (Venezuela b.1953)Elsa Gramcko (Venezuela b.1925, d.1994)Angel Hurtado (Venezuela b.1927)Humberto Jaimes Sanchez (Venezuela b.1930)Carmen de Millan (Venezuela b.C. 1915-1920, d.1974)Victor Millan (Venezuela b.1919, d.1991)Carmelo Niño (Venezuela b.1951)Alejandro Otero (Venezuela b.1921, d.1990)Hector Poleo (Venezuela b.1918, d.1989)Alirio Rodriguez (Venezuela b.1934)Jesus Rafael Soto (Venezuela b.1923, d. 2005)Oswaldo Vigas (Venezuela b.1926)

SCULPTURES, INSTALLATIONS, OBJECTS (Venezuela)

Beatriz Blanco (Venezuela b.1944)Edgar Guinand (Venezuela b.1943)Rolando Peña (Venezuela b.1942)Leonor Mendoza (Venezuela b.1965)Dalita Navarro (Venezuela b.1945)Elsy Zavarce (Venezuela b.1964)Carlos Zerpa (Venezuela b.1950)

DRAWINGS, COLLAGES, WATERCOLORS... / PAPER (Venezuela)

Elba Damast (Venezuela b.1944)Manuel de la Fuente (Venezuela b.1933)Ernesto Leon (Venezuela b.1956)Carmelo Niño (Venezuela b.1951)Manuel Quintana Castillo (Venezuela b.1928)Edgar Sanchez (Venezuela b.1940)

PRINTS (Venezuela)

43 -

Ismael Añez (Venezuela )Balthazar Armas (Venezuela b.1941)Pedro Barreto (Venezuela b.1935)Rafael Bogarin (Venezuela b.1946)Jacobo Borges (Venezuela b.1931)Jose Guillermo Castillo (Venezuela b.1938)Manuel de la Fuente (Venezuela b.1933)Manuel Espinoza (Venezuela b.1936)Yvan Estrada (Venezuela b.1950)Angel Hurtado (Venezuela b.1927)Antonio Lazo (Venezuela b.1945)Luis Adrian Leon (Venezuela b.1949)Gladys Meneses (Venezuela b.1938)Alejandro Otero (Venezuela b.1921, d.1990)Alejandro Otero (Venezuela b.1921, d.1990)Luisa Palacios (Venezuela b.1923, d.1990)Rolando Peña (Venezuela b.1942)Hector Poleo (Venezuela b.1918, d.1989)Manuel Quintana Castillo (Venezuela b.1928)

PHOTOGRAPHS (Venezuela)

Alexander Apostol (Venezuela b.1969)Luis Becerra (Venezuela b.1958)Ricardo Benaim (Venezuela b.1949)Luis Brito (Venezuela b.1945)Daniela Chappard (Venezuela b.1959, d.1996)Nelson Garrido Sanchez (Venezuela b.1952)Enrique Hernandez D'Jesus (Venezuela b.1947)Carlos Eduardo Puche (Venezuela b.1923)Carlos German Rojas (Venezuela b.1953)Antolin Sanchez (Venezuela b.1958)Julio Vengoechea (Venezuela b.1940, d.1987)

ATTACHMENT 3

Attachment 3: Sample Catalog Entry

44 -

Accession No 13

Classification Painting

Artist Alejandro Obregon (Colombian, b.1920, d.1992)Title Estudiante Muerto (El Velorio, El Estudiante Asesinado)Date 1956Mediumoil on canvasSize 55 x 69"Signature "Obregon/56" lower centerCredit Line Purchase Fund

Brief Description Obregon is the Colombian artist perhaps most closely identified with the spirit of artistic renewal manifested in the 1950s in his country. It was during this remarkably fertile period that Obregon, Botero, Negret, Ramirez Villamizar and Grau came to be known as the "Big Five" of Colombian art. Obregon's richly evocative lexicon of images is rooted in the flora, fauna and landscape of the Andean and coastal regions of Colombia. At different times throughout his career, Obregon also produced works related to political violence in Colombia since 1948. El Velorio, awarded the national prize for Colombia at the 1956 Guggenheim International Exhibition, belongs to a group of paintings commemorating students and popular leaders who lost their lives during this period of social unrest. Color has always played an essential role in his work, both on an affective level and as a unifying element of the composition. The elegiac and dramatic tone of this painting, in which an altar-like table serves as a stage setting for death, is heightened by the dominance of the color red in the geometrically articulated composition. (ml)

Bio Notes (b Barcelona, 1920). Colombian painter, printmaker, draughtsman and sculptor of Spanish birth. After studying in Spain, France and at the Boston Museum of Fine Arts (1937–41), he began his career in Colombia in the mid-1940s with paintings in a naturalistic style. He soon developed a more expressionist idiom based to some degree also on Cubism in its reconstruction of multiple fragmented figures. Gradually extending his range of colour and defining his motifs as signs and symbols of his culture, he favoured images such as mangrove swamps, volcanoes, condors, bulls and gannets. Much of the expressive power of his work was based on striking contrasts, for example between energetic brushwork and fine detail, between mysterious glazes and imposing figures, or between muted grey areas and areas of bright contrasting colours. Direct references to reality co-exist with allusions to magic, enigmas and fantasy. In 1956 he won the Gulf–Caribbean Art Prize for Cattle Crossing the Magdalena (1955; Houston, TX, Mus. F.A.). Grove Dictionary of ARt Pintor nacido en Barcelona (España) en 1920, muerto en Cartagena de Indias en 1992. Hijo de padre colombiano y madre catalana, Alejandro Obregón Rosén vino a vivir a Barranquilla siendo muy niño. Estudió en la Escuela del Museo de Bellas Artes de Boston y en la Llotja de Barcelona. Marta Traba, quien fue la mejor crítica de su obra, escribió en 1961: «La Llegada a la pintura colombiana de Obregón nos coloca ante el primer pintor de talento con que cuenta Colombia en este siglo [...] La obra del artista es de desarrollos claros y su evolución está llena de pautas que muestran de manera inequívoca la alianza del talento y del trabajo». Recién llegado de Europa en 1944, hizo su presentación en el arte colombiano en el v Salón Nacional, con los óleos Naturaleza muerta, Retrato del pintor y Niña con jarro. Desde entonces su nombre estuvo siempre en primer plano y sus obras siguen exhibiéndose con gran éxito comercial. La pintura de Obregón se caracteriza por el expresionismo y la impronta mágica. En cuanto a lo primero vale la pena recordar estas palabras de Vincent van Gogh: «En lugar de tratar de reproducir exactamente lo que tengo ante mi vista, uso el color de la manera más arbitraria para expresarme con fuerza». Esta definición puede aplicarse a la obra de Obregón, en la que predominan la fantasía creadora y los elementos emotivos. Obregón recreó la realidad en la mayoría de sus cuadros, transformó armónicamente el paisaje, modificó la figura humana, siempre en función de la pintura como tal, y empleó el color para manifestar sus emociones. En cuanto a la impronta mágica, es indudable que buena parte de la pintura de Obregón alcanza la representación de lo "real maravilloso" de que habló Alejo Carpentier para referirse al ámbito de creación que tiene el artista latinoamericano. El arte del siglo xx descubrió la realidad tras las apariencias y se puso en contacto con ella. A esa naturaleza más profunda, más esencial, apunta la pintura de Obregón, que en ningún momento se limita a reproducir el paisaje tropical, sino que lo trasciende hasta alcanzar estructuras evocadoras, formas singulares e imágenes cargadas de fuerza. Los principales temas de la pintura de Obregón son los retratos de familiares y amigos, además de varios autorretratos, desde el muy cézanniano del pintor sentado

45 -que sostiene un pincel (1943) hasta Dédalo (1985), pasando por los Blas de Lezo (1977-1978), los animales (en una fauna interminable que incluye desde cóndores y toros hasta barracudas, mojarras y camarones, pasando por chivos e iguanas), las flores carnívoras y nocturnas, las escenas de violencia y, sobre todo, los paisajes (con claras alusiones al mar, a las playas, a las tempestades, a los eclipses y, especialmente, a los vientos). Estos temas son recurrentes y por lo tanto no tienen una ordenación cronológica. Como bien dijo el artista, más que motivos específicos sus cuadros aluden a «drama, catástrofe, registro de vida, reportaje y un poco de todo». La carrera artística de Obregón se puede dividir aproximadamente en cuatro períodos. El primero, 19421946, es de formación. En él su pintura es contradictoria y llena de titubeos; su producción oscila entre un naturalismo con recuerdos académicos y un expresionismo forzado. El segundo, 1947-1957, es de definición estilística y primera madurez. Con recuerdos del cubismo, Obregón realizó composiciones milagrosamente balanceadas, en las que articuló de muchas maneras numerosos planos, a veces transparentes, sobre fondos neutros que también incluyen planos, más o menos evidentes. Aquí ya aparecen algunos de sus motivos característicos, así como algunas de sus obras maestras: Puertas y el espacio (1951), Bodegón en amarillo (1955), Greguerías y camaleón (1957). El tercer período, 1958-1965, es el de la madurez plena. Durante estos años Obregón no solamente fue el pintor más influyente del país, el paradigma de lo nuevo y moderno, el más admirado y galardonado ganó dos veces, en 1962 y 1966, el primer premio de Pintura en el Salón Nacional, con los óleos Violencia [ver tomo 6, p. 125] e Icaro y las avispas, respectivamente, sino también su máximo representante a nivel continental. Obregón, dueño ya de un estilo muy personal, expresionista y americanista, realizó muchos lienzos en los que en un espacio sin límites instaló sus formas abiertas y vigorosas, que sólo aluden a la grandeza y a la feracidad del continente. Cuadros sobresalientes de este período son, entre otros: Naufragio (1960), La trepadora (1961), El mago del Caribe (1961), Homenaje a Gaitán Durán (1962) [ver tomo 6, p. 125], Violencia (1962), Volcán submarino (1965) y Flor de páramo (1965). El último período comenzó en 1966. Desde ese año y hasta el año de su muerte, la pintura de Obregón insistió en un estilo efusivo y romántico y en temas obsesivos. Como escribiera Juan Gustavo Cobo: «Sus motivos lo persiguen, se esfuman, reaparecen, se funden». Trabajando por series, Obregón pintó Anunciaciones, Floras, Angelas, Violadas, Zozobras, Memorias de Grecia, Magos de la Popa, Blas de Lezos, Cosas de la luna, Bachués, Leyendas de Guatavita, Paisajes de Cartagena, Amazonias, Copas y océanos y Vientos, en una lista incompleta. Aunque no lo aceptó («Creo que el óleo está completamente obsoleto. El acrílico es el medium del siglo xx»), Obregón no pudo cargar sus obras de los últimos decenios con el misterio y la fuerza de sus óleos anteriores a 1966, año en que empezó a trabajar el acrílico. Sin embargo, en este período no deja de haber obras importantes, porque sin duda Obregón fue un pintor talentoso e imaginativo. Salta a Ja vista que está en sus mejores momentos cuando controla la efusividad y mantiene el dominio de todas las pinceladas, así como de los colores. Obregón realizó numerosas obras relacionadas con la violencia del país, desde él óleo de 1948, Masacre l0 de abril, hasta el díptico al acrílico de 1982, Muerte a la bestia humana y Victoria de la paz, ejecutado después del asesinato de Gloria Lara, pasando por el óleo de 1962, Violencia, del que Marta Traba dijera: «La sinceridad terrible de Violencia procede de esta circunstancia: de que Obregón Ja pintó porque ya le era inaplazable y necesario hacerlo. Pero si esto explica el patetismo verídico de su cuadro, no incluye la belleza grave y tensa de sus medios para lograrlo. Obregón pintó la mujer yacente en mitad de un gran espacio gris: moduló el gris solemnemente, como oficiando un silencioso rito fúnebre, sin permitirle un solo sonido discordante. Lo apretó en la enorme figura grávida y lo fue desmadejando en el paisaje, hasta que la criatura muerta se integró en esa tristeza general, en esa fatalidad inicua, inexplicable». Además de sus innumerables cuadros de caballete, Obregón realizó diversos murales. En Bogotá tiene varios, algunos en casas privadas, otros en lugares públicos. El más sobresaliente de estos últimos es el mural dé la Biblioteca Luis Angel Arango (1959). Marta Traba escribió aquel año: «La creación de espacios, determinados sea por las intersecciones de planos, sea por el manejo de tonos, es lo más notable de este fresco de Obregón. No hay, con excepción de algunos objetos reconocibles (tintero, libros, cuchillo), intención figurativa y, por lo tanto, el público debe renunciar a comprender un sentido real que ha sido superado por la intención creadora de espacios y por las relaciones de colores>,. El mural de la Biblioteca es una obra rica y diversa. En ella son sobresalientes, además de sus múltiples espacios, la estructura de todas las formas y el colorido variado pero asordado y severo; otro ejemplo de las obras maestras de sus mejores momentos. Del decenio de los ochenta son: La galerna, del Centro de Convenciones de Cartagena, Amanecer en los Andes, de la sede de las Naciones Unidas de Nueva York y el que exorna el Salón Elíptico del Capitolio Nacional de Bogotá [Ver tomo 6, Arte, pp. 125 y 126]. GERMÁN RUBIANO CABALLERO Bibliografía Alejandro Obregón. Aire, mar, paisaje, diálogos, Museo de Arte Moderno, Bogotá, 1974. Alejandro Obregón, obra reciente, Galería Quintana, Bogotá, 1983. BARNEY CABRERA, EDUARDO. "El itinerario de Alejandro Obregón". En: Temas para la historia del arte en Colombia. Bogotá, Universidad Nacional, 1970. CAMÁNDULA ROSARIO DEL CASTILLO. Las mujeres de Obregón. Bogotá, Tercer Mundo, 1993. Coso BORDA, JUAN GUSTAVO. Obregón. Bogotá, Editorial La Rosa, 1985. MEDINA, ALVARO. "Alejandro Obregón". En: Procesos del Arte en Colombia. Bogotá, Colcultura, 1978. PANESSO, FAUSTO. Los Intocables. Bogotá, Ediciones Alcaraván, 1975. PANESSO, FAUSTO. Alejandro Obregón ¡A la visconversa! Conversaciones junto al mar. Bogotá, Gamma, 1989. TRABA, MARTA Seis artistas contemporáneos colombianos. Bogotá, Antares, 1963. TRABA, MARTA "Comienzo de la pintura moderna: Alejandro Obregón". En: Historia abierta del arte colombiano. Cali, Museo de Arte Moderno La Tertulia, 1974. 2á ed.: Bogotá, Colcultura, 1985. Varios. Alejandro Obregón, pintor colombiano. Bogotá, Colcultura, 1985. Studies School of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, 1937-41, under Karl Zerbe Selected Individual Exhibitions Biblioteca Nacional, Bogota, 1945 Galeria El Caballito, Bogota, 1947,1957 Galerie Creuze, Paris, 1954, 1957 OAS Headquarters, Washington, D.C., 1955, 1983 Instituto de Arte Contemporaneo, Lima, 1960 Galeria La Tertulia (later Museo La Tertulia), Cali, Colombia, 1961,1964 Center for Inter-American Relations, New York, 1970 Museo de Arte Moderno, Bogota, 1974 Selected Group Exhibitions Museo Nacional, Bogota, 1948 OAS Headquarters, Washington, D.C., 1951, 1965 Biennials of Sao Paulo, 1955, 1957, 1959, 1967 (special room); Barranquilla, Colombia, 1963 Foreign Artists

46 -in Paris, Petit Palais, Paris, 1955 Pittsburgh International, Carnegie Institute, 1958 South American Art Today, Dallas Museum of Fine Arts, Texas,1959-61 The United States Collects Pan American Art, Art Institute of Chicago, 1959 Latin America: New Departures, Institute of Contemporary Art, Boston, 1961 3500 Years of Colombian Art, University of Miami, Florida, and OAS Headquarters, Washington, D.C., 1960 Contemporary Latin American Art, Haus der Stadtischen Kunstsammlungen, Bonn, Germany, 1963 Art of America and Spain, Instituto de Cultura Hispanica, Madrid,1963-64 Seashore: Paintings of the 19th and 20th Centuries, Carnegie Institute, Pittsburgh, 1965 First Pan American Salon of Painting, Cali, Colombia, 1965 The Emergent Decade, Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum and Cornell University, New York, 1965-66 Art of Latin America since Independence, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, and University of Texas, Austin, 1966-67 Birds in Contemporary Art, Phillips Collection, Washington, D.C.,1966 Latin American Paintings and Drawings, Center for Inter-American Relations, New York,1970 Colombian Art through the Centuries, Petit Palais, Paris, and Casa de Velazquez, Madrid, 1976 Casa de las Americas, Havana, 1978 Biblioteca Luis A Arango, Bogota, 1978 Selected Awards Grand Prize, Hispanic American Biennial, Barcelona, 1955 First Prize, Gulf Caribbean Art E)~hibition, Museum of Fine Arts, Houstdn, Texas, 1956 National Prize, Guggenheim International Exhibition, New York, 1956 First Prize, National Salon, Bogota, 1961 First Prize, Cordoba Biennial, Argentina, 1964 Grand Prize, Salon of Colombian Artists, 1966 Francisco Matarazzo Prize, Sao Paulo Biennial, 1967 "Laureate Master," Austral Biennial, Cali, Colombia, 1968

Current Owner OAS (Organization of American States)Accession Date Oct 1957Acquisition Method PurchaseAcquisition Price Local $350.00Acquisition Sources Alejandro Obregon

Acquisition Notes This painting was exhibited at the Guggenheim International Award 1956 Exhibit, 1957 (where it won a national prize for Colombia) The painting was shipped to the OAS by the Guggenheim Museum following the exhibit

Exhibit history (on-site) " From Classic to Modern: Revisiting the Figure in the Permanent Collection" OAS Museum, 2001 Highlights of the Collection, OAS Museum, 2003 Selections from the Collection, OAS Museum, 2004 Artists of the Americas: An Inaugural Celebration, OAS Museum, 2004 "Still Life Perspectives from the Collection" Museum, 2005

Exhibit history (external) "Guggenheim International Award 1956 Exhibit" Guggenheim Museum, New York, 1957 (awarded national prize for Colombia) Exhibited Pennsylvania Academy of Arts, no date "Mar-Paisaje Dialogo de Alejandro Obregon" Museo de Arte Moderno, Bogota, 1974 "Modern Latin American Art" Lowe Art Museum, Miami, 1979 Hispanic Festival of the Arts, Museum of Science and Industry, Chicago, 1986 "The Latin American Spirit" Bronx Museum of the Arts (travel to El Paso Museum of Art, San Diego Museum of Art, Institute of Puerto Rican Culture, Center for the Arts, Vero Beach) 1988-1990 "Veintidos Pintores Latinamericanos" Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes Santiago Chile 1991 L'Amerique dans Tous Ses Etats" Maison de l'Amerique Latine, Paris, 1992 "Latin America and the Caribbean in Contemporary Patinings", Inter-American Development Bank, Hamburg Germany, 1993 "Selected Paintings from the Art Museum of the America, Cultural Center, IDB, 1994 "Mirando a La American Latina y El Caribe" Expo 92,, Plaza de las Americas, Sevilla, Spain, 1992 "Latin Viewpoints into the Mainstream" Nassau County Museum, New York, 1996 "Latin American Still Life: Reflections of Time and Place" Katonah Museum, New York and Museo del Barrio, New York, 1999-2000 Alejandro Obregon Pintura 1947-1968, Museo Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, 2001Exhibit history

Documentation short summary notes Obregon; Juan Cobo Borda; 1981 p 21, 98, Art of Latin America: 1900-1980; Marta Traba; 1994 reprod p 127, Americas Magazine reprod separata vol 29 1977, Latin American Art of the 20th Century; Edward Lucie-Smith; 1993 illus no. 126 (****imaged flopped), Permanent Collection of Contemporary Art of Latin America; Jose Gomez-Sicre; 1960 p 13, Alejandro Obregon: Obregon en Contexto; Carmen Maria Jaramillo; 2001 reproduced p 30 and referenced in text, Selections from the Permanent Collection; Marta Traba; 1985 p143

Valuation latest value with details XXXXXX RESTRICTED FIELDValuer Christie's Oct 21 1998

Object Status Accessioned [Permanent Collection]Cataloguer Leyva

System ID 10170Other Id INV#800013 OAS Inventory Number

Current Location XXXXX RESTRICTED FIELD Location History Mar 20 2006 17:03:35 Storage Slot 06/Block F/RmA/Lower Level/Museum; Mar 15 2006 13:11:04 Storage Lower Level/Museum; Sep 21 2005 18:06:08 Temporary Exhibition 1st

47 -floor/Museum; Apr 13 2005 14:49:49 Storage Slot 14/Block B/RmB/Lower Level/Museum; Sep 20 2004 11:04:36 Temporary Exhibition Hall/2nd floor/Museum; In House Loan May 19 2004 10:12:09 In-house Loan Rm 1/2nd floor/Casita; Apr 13 2004 16:20:42 Storage Slot 22/Block B/RmB/Lower Level/Museum; Mar 15 2004 17:07:17 Temporary Exhibition Gallery 2/1st floor/Museum; Nov 25 2003 09:52:19 In House Loan Rm 1/2nd floor/Casita; Jul 10 2003 Storage Slot 22/Block B/RmB/Lower Level/Museum ; Jan 21 2003 16:21:56 Temporary Exhibition Gallery 1/1st floor/Museum; May 07 2002 10:17:11 Storage Slot 22/Block B/RmB/Lower Level/Museum; Feb 14 2002 17:05:30 Storage Lower Level/Museum; Oct 10 2001 10:56:34 Temporary Exhibition External Museo Nacional de Colombia (Bogota) see loan file ( to be returned Feb 2002) Exhibit from October 2000 to February 2001 - See loan file Contact: Maria Victoria de Robayo, sub-directora Museo Nacional; Jul 21 2000 16:52:25 Conservation Workshop/1st floor/Casita

48 -

ATTACHMEN 4

Attachment 4: museum produced films/audiovisual collection

As part of its outreach activities the Museum produces and sells videos suitable for classroom use. The topics covered range from pre-Columbian to contemporary art as well as different cultural aspect of the member nations of the OAS.

films available for purchase E= available in EnglishS= available in SpanishF= available in FrenchE,S,F= available in English, Spanish or French

Artists1. Alejandro Obregon Paints a Fresco (21 min/E/$30)2. Fernando de Szyszlo (22 min/S/$30)3. The World of a Primitive Painter (20 min/E,S/$30)4. Soto, A New Vision of the Art (45 min/E,S,F/$40)5. Alejandro Otero in Venice (10 min/S/$20)6. Torres-Garcia (30 min/E,S/$35)7. Poleo & Poetic Figuration (28 min/E,S,F/$30)8. Reality & Hallucinations- Cuevas (20 min/S,E/$25)9. Magic Workshop of Reveron (25 min/E,S/$25)10. Manabu Mabe Paints A Picture (13min/E/$20)11. Francisco Oller (25 min/E/$30)12. David Manzur Paints A Picture (21min/E/$20)

Pre-Columbian Art13. Easter Island (25 min/E,S/$35)14. Points of Convergence (15 min/E,S/$20)15. The Road of the Gods (20 min/E,S/$25)16. The Pyramids of the Sun and the Moon (20min/E,S/$30)17. The Legend of El Dorado (25 min/E,S/$30)

Tourism 18. La Antigua- Guatemalan Monument (23 min/E,S/$25)19. Rhythms of Haiti (25 min/F/$30)

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http://scm.oas.org/pdfs/2007/CP17650E-5.XLS (ATTACHMEN 5)

document.doc