OER:What’s happening

Rory McGreal Athabasca University

November 2014

Some images are fair dealing/fair use

eMundus EuroProject

MENON Network BE

U of Leicester UKU. La RiojaES

Fundação de Apoio a Universidade de São Paulo - BR

U Autonoma Metropolitana MX

Open Educational Resources - OER Foundation NZ

Athabasca U - CA

Universitas Siswa Bangsa IN

Moscow U Economics, Statistics & Informatics- RU

14-7-22

Policies for OER UPtakeOER

OER in Canada: A POERUP Report

D. QuirkR. McGrealT. Anderson

Athabasca University

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License(some images fair dealing)

http://poerup.referata.com/wiki/Canada

https://oerknowledgecloud.com/

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• Learners who access OER and acquire knowledge/skills cannot have their learning assessed and accredited

• OER Pathways

• +30 institutions/orgs on 5 continents

Open Data Canada• Innovation

• Leveraging public information

• Develop consumer/commercial products

• Better use of broadband

• Research

• Informed decisions for consumers

THE BIG Canadian SPLIT

• School Level vs Higher Education Ministries

• Paris Declaration on OER

Washington State

Utah

California

http://open.bccampus.ca/open-textbook-101/where-to-find-open-textbooks/

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+90 HE courses - partner with California

Alberta

• $2 million for OER?

• Post-secondary

Assessment• Credibility/authenticity essential

• On-campus exams

• individual invigilator/proctor

• Computerized – biometrics

• Eportfolios and projects

• Reduces labour costs

Recognition of Prior Learning

PLAR or PLA (Prior Learning Assessment & Recognition)

Portfolios

Challenge for credit (exams)

Credit transfer

Breaking down silos with MOOCs

Recognition of prior Learning (RPL)

No standards

Idiosyncratic at each institution (& within institutions)

Unnecessary duplication

Not cost-effective

Challenge for Credit Few institutions

Bologna Process in Europe

Problematic in most jurisdictions

Standards are lacking

Is it RPL?

Challenge for Credit• Assessment– computerized testing

–Multiple-choice & essays

– peer assessment?

– portfolios

– projects

What’s wrong with

cost-effectiveness?

A sustainable MOOC scenario?• Course price: $650

• Course cost: $700

• Loss: $ -50

• Challenge exam price: $150

• Challenge exam cost: $ 50

• Profit: $100

Opportunity

If public institutions do not adapt then the gap can and will be filled by private, for profit entrepreneurs

• “the real squeeze exerted by MOOCs may not be on the campus F2F learning format, but rather on the paid-for online formats”

Haggard, S. (2013, September). Maturing of the MOOC Vol. Research Paper number 130. Retrieved from www.gov.uk/bis

Virtual Mobility

Using ICT to connect students in different countries to activities, courses & programmes

Virtual Mobility

Online learning replaces travel even within cities

http://www.virtual-mobility.com/

“Global competition in telecommunications is an overwhelming and irreversible tide. We can neither go against, alter nor shut out this tide. We will simply be bypassed and rendered irrelevant.”

- Singapore government Globe & Mail Aug 6, 1994

education

Virtual Mobility

Credit TransferEasy in North America in first two years

Problematic for specific programmes & in upper years

Canadian Virtual University

Credit transfer agreement among 12 universities in five provinces

Athabasca UniversityCredit Transfer

Credit transfer

North American 3 credit system

Bologna Process in Europe

Problematic in most jurisdictions

Standards are lacking

Labour intensive

Transnational Qualifications Framework for the Virtual

University of the Small States of the Commonwealth

procedures and guidelines to translate national accreditation for recognition

“Experience without a formal representation has very limited exchange value -- as those whose only degree is from the university of life well know” – Brown & Duguid (1996)

Immigrants

The right to have your knowledge and skills recognized is a Human right

• “Affordability in the future may be the first requirement not an afterthought.” Whitesides (2011)

The race may not be to the swift, but to the cheap

Distance Education

Hampton,G.