office of electricity delivery & energy reliability reliability and resilience – role of smart...
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Office of Electricity Delivery & Energy Reliability
Reliability and Resilience – Role of Smart Grid Technologies and Practices
Joe PaladinoA National Town Meeting on Demand Response and Smart Grid, Washington, DC, July 9 - 11
July 11, 2013
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Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability
Recovery Act Grid Modernization Programs
Recovery Act Grid Modernization Programs Smart Grid Investment Grants (SGIG)*
$3.4 billion Smart Grid Regional Demonstrations (SGDP)*
$620 million Workforce Training
$100 million Interconnection-wide Transmission Planning
and Resource Analysis $80 million
Interoperability Standards (with NIST) $12 million
Other Technical Assistance to States on Electricity
Policy ($44 million) Local Energy Assurance Planning ($10 million)
Smart Grid Demos
Workforce Training
Resource Assessment &Transmission PlanningSmart Grid
Interoperability Standards
Other
*Originally authorized by the Energy Infrastructure Security Act 2007, EISA 1306 and EISA 1304
One-time Appropriation $4.5B of Recovery Act Funds
Investment Grants
Smart Grid Demos
Workforce Training
Resource Assessment &Transmission PlanningSmart Grid
Interoperability Standards Other
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Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability
Applications and Benefits Matrix
Benefits Smart Grid Technology ApplicationsConsumer-Based
Demand Management
Programs (AMI-Enabled)
Advanced Metering
Infrastructure (AMI) Applied to
Operations
Fault Location, Isolation and
Service Restoration
Equipment Health
Monitoring
Improved Volt/VAR
Management
Synchrophasor Technology
Applications
• Time-based pricing• Customer devices
(information and control systems)
• Direct load control (does not require AMI)
* *Shifting peak demand may or may not lower emissions
• Meter services• Outage management• Volt-VAR management• Tamper detection• Back-Office systems
support (e.g., billing and customer service)
• Automated feeder switching
• Fault location• AMI and outage
management
• Condition-based maintenance
• Stress reduction on equipment
• Peak demand reduction
• Conservation Voltage Reduction
• Reactive power compensation
• Real-time and off-line applications
Capital expenditure reduction – enhanced utilization of G,T & D assets
✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
Energy use reduction ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
Reliability improvements ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
O&M cost savings ✔ ✔ ✔
Reduced electricity costs to consumers ✔* ✔
Lower pollutant emissions ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
Enhanced system flexibility – to meet resiliency needs and accommodate all generation and demand resources
✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
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Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability 4
Recent DOE SGIG Reports
• Analysis of Customer Enrollment Patterns in Time-Based Rate ProgramsJune 2013
• Economic Impact of Smart Grid InvestmentsApril 2013
• 2012 Progress Report July 2012
• Impact Reports December 2012
O&M Savings from AMI Demand Reductions from AMI Volt/VAR Optimization Reliability Improvements from DA
As of May 2013
Download From
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Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability
Recent Weather Patterns
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Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability
Reliability Improvements from Automated Feeder Switching
Index* Description Weighted Average (Range)
SAIFI System Average Interruption Frequency Index (outages) -22 %(-11% to -49%)
MAIFI Momentary Average Interruption Frequency Index (interruptions)
-22 %(-13% to -35%)
SAIDI System Average Interruption Duration Index (minutes) -18 %(+4% to -56%)
CAIDI Customer Average Interruption Duration Index (minutes)
+8 %(+29% to -15%)
Selected examples from SGIG projects reporting initial results
4 Projects involving 1,250 feeders April 1, 2011 through March 31, 2012
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Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability
Value of Service
One utility has installed 230 automated feeder switches on 75 circuits in an urban area. From Apr 1 – Sep 30 2011:
SAIDI improved 24%; average outage duration decreased from 72.3 minutes to 54.6 minutes (or by 17.7 minutes).
Customer Type Interruption Cost
Summer WeekdayInterruption Duration
Momentary 30 mins 1 hr 4 hr 8 hr
Large C&I Cost Per Average kWh $173 $38 $25 $18 $14Small C&I Cost Per Average kWh $2,401 $556 $373 $307 $2,173
Residential Cost Per Average kWh $21.6 $4.4 $2.6 $1.3 $0.9
Estimated Avg. Customer Interruption Costs US 2008$ by Customer Type and Duration
*Sullivan J, Michael, 2009 Estimated Value of Service Reliability for Electric Utility Customers in the US, xxi VOS Estimate for SAIDI Improvement on 75 feeders from Apr 1 to Sep 30 2011
Customer Class Δ SAIDI Customers Served
within a Class Average Load (kW)
Not Served VOS Coefficient
($/kWh) Δ VOS
Residential
17.7 mins (0.295 hrs)
107,390 2 $ 2.60 $ 164,736Commercial 8,261 20 $ 373.00 $ 18,179,477
Industrial 2,360 200 $ 25.00 $ 3,481,325
Total 118,011 $ 21,825,537
VOS Improvement Δ = Δ SAIDI x Customers Served x Avg Load x VOS Coefficient Sullivan J, Michael, 2009 Estimated Value of Service Reliability for Electric Utility Customers in the US, xxi
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Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability
Response Time With and Without Smarter Grid
July 5, 2012 Storm Response (EPB)
1 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 730
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
90000
Actual Response
Projected Response without Smart Grid
17 hours
Avoided costs to customersEliminated 500 truck rollsRestoration complete 1 ½ days earlier$1.4 Million cost reduction
Courtesy of EPB of Chattanooga
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Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability 9
Synchrophasor Technology for Transmission System Operations
DOE and NERC/NASPI are working together closely with industry to enable wide area time-synchronized measurements that will enhance the reliability of the electric power grid through improved situational awareness and other applications
April 2007 November 2012
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Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability 10
Electrical Island during Hurricane Gustav
ENT_WTFD-230:FREQUENCY
HzENT_MBLE-MFLR:FREQUENCY
Hz
Gustov Island Creation
9/1/2008 2:45:20 PM 9/1/2008 2:59:43 PM14.38 minutes
59.6
59.8
60
60.2
60.4
59.4
60.6
60.039
59.961
Baton Rouge
New Orleans
Area of “Island”
Generation in the Island
Waterford 1
Gypsy 2
Ninemile 5
Hurricane Gustav is second most destructive storm in 95-year history
of Entergy’s utility system
At 2:49 PM on September 1, 2008 the Baton Rouge – New Orleans
island was created due to outage of 230 kV transmission line
Courtesy of Entergy
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Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability 11
Monitoring Oscillations in the Island
ENT_WTFD-NMLE:FREQUENCY
Hz
Hunting Among Islanded Units
9/2/2008 8:00:00 AM 9/2/2008 10:30:00 AM2.50 hours
59.9
59.95
60
60.05
60.1
60.15
60.2
59.85
60.2559.951
Governors of the three online generation units were set to address the potential for high frequency oscillations
Courtesy of Entergy
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Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability 12
Reconnection to the Grid
ENT_MBLE-MFLR:FREQUENCY
HzENT_WTFD-230:FREQUENCY
Hz
Gustav Island Resynch
9/2/2008 11:20:12 PM 9/2/2008 11:22:12 PM2.00 minutes
59.991
60.001
60.011
60.021
60.031
60.041
60.051
59.981
60.059
60.003
60.003
After 33 hours, the island was reconnected to the main grid
Courtesy of Entergy
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Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability
For More InformationContact: [email protected]
Websites: www.oe.energy.gov www.smartgrid.gov
Reports: SGIG Progress Report (July 2012)Peak Demand Reductions – Initial Results (December 2012)AMI O&M Savings – Initial Results (December 2012)Reliability Improvements – Initial Results (December 2012)Voltage Optimization – Initial Results (December 2012)Economic Impact (April 2013)Customer Enrollment Patterns in Time-Based Rate Programs (June 2013)
All reports are downloadable from:
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http://www.smartgrid.gov/all/news/department_energy_releases_smart_grid_impact_reports