offshore wind offshore wind power in Europepower in Europe

Chris WestraChris Westra

(senior consultant ECN)(senior consultant ECN)(general manager We@Sea) (general manager We@Sea)

))

www.we-at-sea.orgwww.we-at-sea.org

www.ECN.nlwww.ECN.nl

Offshore wind energy 2010 - 2020Offshore wind energy 2010 - 2020

Great Britain , Netherlands, Germany, Belgium.Great Britain , Netherlands, Germany, Belgium.

Europa (2)Europa (2)

B: >4 GWB: >4 GW

DK: > 4 GWDK: > 4 GW

UK: > 33 GWUK: > 33 GW NL: > 6 GWNL: > 6 GW

D: 25 GWD: 25 GW

xxNorth SeaNorth Sea

National targets 2030National targets 2030

Potential of the North SeaPotential of the North SeaMore energy than from the Middle East !More energy than from the Middle East !

European offshore wind European offshore wind energy communityenergy community

Policy

• Pan European (offshore grid)Pan European (offshore grid)• Protection of marine eco-systemProtection of marine eco-system• Spatial PlanningSpatial Planning• Support technology developmentSupport technology development• Create a level field electricity marketCreate a level field electricity market

Focal points for European Policy

Source: EWEA/GWEC

Wind energy annual installation 2000-2020 Wind energy annual installation 2000-2020 (GW)(GW)

Realise consequences of annually installing 5000 MW offshore !!!

Potential

Offshore wind energy Offshore wind energy

& Spatial planning& Spatial planning

In the NetherlandsIn the Netherlands

Dutch offshore projects 228 MWDutch offshore projects 228 MWOWEZ

108 MW, 2006 (M€ 260)M€ 260)

Princes Amalia

120 MW, 2007 (M€ 380)M€ 380)

36 x Vestas 3MW V90 36 x Vestas 3MW V90 108 MW 108 MW10 – 18 km from the coast10 – 18 km from the coast18 m water depth 18 m water depth

Monopiles 30 m into seabedMonopiles 30 m into seabed

OWEZOWEZ

Princes Amalia wind farmPrinces Amalia wind farm

60 Vestas 2 MW V80 60 Vestas 2 MW V80 120 120 MWMW

23 km from coast23 km from coast19 - 24 m water depth19 - 24 m water depthmono pilesmono piles

Ambition of the Dutch neighbors at seaAmbition of the Dutch neighbors at seaGermany: Germany:

• 1500 MW in 2011 and 1500 MW in 2011 and • 25.000 MW in 2030. 25.000 MW in 2030.

(Pilot Alpha Ventus)(Pilot Alpha Ventus)

United Kingdom:United Kingdom: • At present 600 MW in operation At present 600 MW in operation • 1500 MW under construction1500 MW under construction• ‘‘Round 3’: 25.000 MWRound 3’: 25.000 MW

Onshore wind turbines Onshore wind turbines modified for sea modified for sea circumstances circumstances

Thanet the newest largest offshore wind farmThanet the newest largest offshore wind farmGreat Britain Round 2 (sept. 2010)Great Britain Round 2 (sept. 2010)

• 100 turbines (Vestas V90)100 turbines (Vestas V90)

• 3 MW 3 MW 300 MW300 MW

• 3 Million Euro / MW3 Million Euro / MW

’’85 87 89 91 93 95 97 99 01 03 0585 87 89 91 93 95 97 99 01 03 05

.05 . 3 . 5 1.3 1.6 2 4.5 5 MW.05 . 3 . 5 1.3 1.6 2 4.5 5 MW

12 m 12 m ØØ

A380 Airbus

Technology developmentTechnology development

126 m 126 m ØØ

Today’s standard offshore: around 3 MWToday’s standard offshore: around 3 MW

The challenge of upscalingThe challenge of upscaling

Source: van Kuik

Control of large rotor blades

Wind field

Reduced effectiveness of full span pitch control of large machines

Photo: Jos Beurskens

Commercial Blades - R2.35

0

5

10

15

20

25

20 30 40 50 60

Rotor Radius (m)

Weig

ht (1

03 kg)

Commercial Blade Data

Modeling Results

Modeling Results - R2.9

Support structures in real lifeSupport structures in real life

Photo Jos Beurskens

Photo Jos Beurskens

Photo Jos Beurskens

Photo Jos Beurskens

Photo Jos Beurskens

Photo Jos Beurskens

Technology: development of foundations

Photo Jos Beurskens

Photo Jos Beurskens

Hywind StatoilHydro (N)Hywind StatoilHydro (N)Technology

Transport & InstallationTransport & Installation

Large variety of offshore transport and installation vessels.

Photo Jos Beurskens

Technology

De technologie De technologie Dedicated offshore wind Dedicated offshore wind

turbines turbines

Germany: Bard 5 MW offshore wind turbineGermany: Bard 5 MW offshore wind turbine

Germany Alpha VentusGermany Alpha Ventus

Installation methods Installation methods

C-Power Belgium 5 MW Repower turbinesC-Power Belgium 5 MW Repower turbines

……transport en place the turbine in one lifttransport en place the turbine in one lift

Ballast NedamBallast Nedam

IHC MerwedeIHC Merwede

Photo Jos Beurskens

Photo Jos Beurskens

Technology

Harbour facilities

Permanent or temporarily?

Bremerhaven (D)

IJmuiden (NL)

Denmark Horn’s REV II Denmark Horn’s REV II platforms and hotels platforms and hotels

for maintenance personnelfor maintenance personnel

Floating hotel during construction of Horn’s Rev Floating hotel during construction of Horn’s Rev

Maintenance vessel Maintenance vessel

Floating HarbourFloating Harbour

Artificial Island for construction and maintenance Artificial Island for construction and maintenance

of offshore wind farmsof offshore wind farms

© © Reinout PrinsReinout Prins

Primary functions:Primary functions:

• harbour for construction and O&M of wind harbour for construction and O&M of wind farmsfarms

• site for site for offshore transformer stationoffshore transformer station• hotel for personnelhotel for personnel• test site offshore wind turbinestest site offshore wind turbines• warehouse for spare partswarehouse for spare parts• International logistic hub for offshore wind International logistic hub for offshore wind

farms (NL, U.K. & DE)farms (NL, U.K. & DE)

Artificial islands fit well in the development of an Artificial islands fit well in the development of an European offshore gridEuropean offshore grid

A closer look at port sites A closer look at port sites

DK: > 4 GWDK: > 4 GW

UK: > 33 GWUK: > 33 GW NL: > 6 GWNL: > 6 GW

D: 25 GWD: 25 GW

Islands as part of an offshore networkIslands as part of an offshore network(electrical infrastructure)(electrical infrastructure)

““North Clay-land”North Clay-land”

““North-East Friesland”North-East Friesland”

““IJmuiden op zee”IJmuiden op zee”

A substation on a jacketA substation on a jacket

and on an islandand on an island

the advantage of a substation the advantage of a substation on an islandon an island

Vision for the futureVision for the future

• Harbours to facilitate the large scale implementation Harbours to facilitate the large scale implementation

of offshore wind energy at the North Seaof offshore wind energy at the North Sea

• cooperating between NL, B, U.K. & DEcooperating between NL, B, U.K. & DE to find to find

strategic sites at the North Sea to build artificial strategic sites at the North Sea to build artificial

islands for offshore wind powerislands for offshore wind power

• contribute to the development of an European contribute to the development of an European

offshore electrical gridoffshore electrical grid

www.we-at-sea.orgwww.we-at-sea.org

Thank you !Thank you !