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8/7/2019 Ogfi Assignment

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PATNA

ABOUT THE PLACE:

Patna is the largest town and the capital of the Indian state of Bihar and the second

largest city in eastern India after Kolkata. The modern city of Patna is situated on thesouthern bank of the Ganges. The city also straddles the rivers Sone, Gandak andPunpun. The city is approximately 25 km long and 9 km to 10 km wide.

Patna is the 5th-fastest growing city in India. In June 2009, The World Bank rankedPatna as the second-best city in India to start a business, after Delhi.

The economy of Patna is based on the local service industry. Patna has the highest per capita gross district domestic product in Bihar: Rs 31,441, which is better than the mostof the metropolitan areas in India.

Patna is one of the oldest continuously inhabited places in the world. Ancient Patna,

known as Pataliputra, was the capital of the Magadha Empire under the Haryanka,Nanda, Mauryan, Sunga, Gupta, Pala and Suri dynasties. Pataliputra was also a famousseat of learning and fine arts. Its population during the Maurya period (around 300 BCE)was about 400,000. The walled old area, called Patna City by the locals, is a major trading centre. The Buddhist, Hindu, and Jain pilgrim centres of Vaishali, Rajgir,Nalanda, Bodhgaya, and Pawapuri are nearby and Patna is also a sacred city for Sikhs.The Sikh Guru, Guru Gobind Singh, was born here.

Altitude 53 metersLocation 25.35° N 85.12° ERainfall (Avg.) 120 cms

Population (Patna District) 4718592Language Spoken: Hindi, Urdu, Bhojpuri, English, Maithali & Maghi

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Aerial_View_Of_Patna.jpg



G EOGRAPHY:

Patna is located on the south bank of the Ganges River, called Ganga locally. Animpressive characteristic of the geography of Patna is its confluence of rivers. TheGanges River is the largest. It is joined by the four mighty rivers: Ghaghara, Gandak,Punpun and Sone. The Ganges is a respectable river as it passes through the district of

Patna where it seems to be fully as large as in any part of its course for the huge flow of the Kosi. Just to the north of Patna across the Ganges River flows the Gandak. Patna isunique in having four large rivers in its vicinity. It is the largest riverine city in the world.The bridge over the river Ganges named Mahatma Gandhi Setu is 5575m long and isone of the longest (single river) bridges in the world.

D EMOGRAPHICS:

The population of Patna is over 1,885,470. The population density is 1132 persons per

square kilometre. There are 839 females to every 1,000 males. The overall literacyrate is 87.3%, and the female literacy rate is 50.8%. These statistics don't add up.Given the male/female ratio, to achieve overall literacy rate of 86.3%, femaleliteracy rate must be at least 64% even if male literacy rate was 100%.

Many languages are spoken in Patna. Hindi and Urdu are the official languages. Thenative dialect is Magadhi or Magahi, named after Magadha, the ancient name of Bihar.Dialects from other regions of Bihar spoken widely in Patna are Angika&Bhojpuri. Yetanother language is Maithili from Mithilanchal ther languages widely spoken in Patnainclude Bengali and English.

Total Population Population Literate Population Illiterate

Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female

1498618 817290 681328 1030253 607179 423074 468365 210111 258254

C ULTURE:

Though geographically located in the Magadh region of Bihar, many residents of Patnaare natives of one of the four other regions of Bihar - Bhojpur, Mithila, Vajj, or Ang,which differ only slightly from each other. Intermarriages and cultural intermixing among

the people of the five regions has been so common that it may be difficult for an outsider to discern the differences. Intermixing of people is also common at the village level (e.g.resident of Gulni include people from Gaya, Ganga-par and other villages).

People are religious and family-oriented, and their lives are deeply rooted in tradition.The interests of the family take precedence over that of an individual. Families aregenerally large, though the government is actively encouraging family planning to curb

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angika

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vajj&action=edit&redlink=1

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angika

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vajj&action=edit&redlink=1



rapid population growth. Extended families often live together in one home because of economic necessity.

E CONOMY:

The economy of Bihar is largely service oriented, but it also has a significant agriculturalbase. The state also has a small industrial sector. As of 2008, agriculture accounts for 35%, industry 9% and service 55% of the economy of the state. Manufacturing sector performed very poorly in the state between 2002–2006, with an average growth rate of 0.38% compared to India's 7.8%.

However, due to efforts of Chief Minister Nitish Kumar, Bihar has become the secondbest manufacturing state in India. Bihar was the lowest GDP per capita in India, althoughthere are pockets of higher than the average per capita income. Between 1999 and2008, GDP grew by 5.1% a year, which was below the Indian average of 7.3%. Morerecently, Bihar's state GDP recorded a growth of 18% between 2006–2007, and stood at94251 Crores Rupees ($21 billion nominal GDP). This makes Bihar the fastest growingmajor state. In actual terms, Bihar state GDP is ranked 2nd out of 28 states. Corruptionis an import hurdle for the government to overcome according to TransparencyInternational India, which highlighted Bihar as the Union's most corrupt state in a 2005report.

Despite many recent economic gains, significant challenges remain to do business inthe state and the government has also stated that combating corruption is now thebiggest challenge facing the administration.In Nitish Kumar's governance there has beenan immediate change in Bihar. Life expectancy in Bihar (61 years) which is almost onpar with the national life expectancy of 62.7 years.

Bihar has significant levels of production for mango, guava, litchi, pineapple, brinjal,

cauliflower, bhindi, and cabbage in India. Despite the states leading role in foodproduction, investment in irrigation and other agriculture facilities has been inadequatein the past. Historically, the sugar and vegetable oil industries were flourishing sectors of Bihar. Until the mid fifties, 25% of India's sugar output was from Bihar. Dalmianagar wasa large agro - industrial town. There have been attempts to industrialize the statebetween 1950 and 1980: an oil refinery in Barauni, a motor scooter plant at Fatuha, anda power plant at Muzaffarpur. However, these were forced to shut down due to centralgovernment policy which neutralized the strategic advantages of Bihar. Hajipur, near Patna, remains a major industrial town in the state, linked to the capital city through theGanges bridge and good road infrastructure.

The state's debt was estimated at 77% of GDP by 2007. The Finance Ministry has given

top priority to create investment opportunities for big industrial houses like Reliance.Further developments have taken place in the growth of small industries, improvementsin IT infrastructure, the new software park in Patna, and the completion of theexpressway from the Purvanchal border through Bihar to Jharkhand. In August 2008, aPatna registered company called the Security and Intelligence Services (SIS) IndiaLimited took over the Australian guard and mobile patrol services business of Americanconglomerate, United Technologies Corp (UTC). SIS is registered and taxed in Bihar.The capital city, Patna, is one of the better off cities in India when measured by per capita income.



EDUCATION:

Patna is one of the oldest major centre of learning in East India. Patna University, thefirst university in Bihar, was established in 1917, and was the 7th oldest University of theIndian subcontinent. Patna Medical College, established in 1925 as Prince of WalesMedical College, was ranked 6th in undivided India.

In the past few years, many institutions of national repute have opened up in Patna.Institutes such as Indian Institute of Technology Patna, National Institute of Technology,Patna and Birla Institute of Technology, Patna are the prominent engineering college inPatna. Other colleges include the newly opened National Institute of FashionTechnology Patna and medical schools such as Indira Gandhi Institute of MedicalSciences.

SHOPPING COMPLEXES IN PATNA:

Numerous Shopping complexes exist in patna llike N.P. Center, Maharaja kamaeshwar complex, Verma Center, kulharia complex and khaitan market. Maurya Lok is one of theoldest and largest shopping areas of patna. Patna market and Hathwa market are alsofamous shopping points of the city. Now, a couple of malls are coming up in the city-P&M Mall and Vasundhara Mall.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Big_pic10.jpg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:NIFT_Patna.jpg



SHOPPING COMPLEX AT BORING ROAD CHUNNILAL MEGAMART

MAURYA LOK P&M Mall- First Major Mall to be openedin Patna in AUG,2011

CONDITION OF PATNA IN 1990s:

In the 1990s, Patna was like any backward town in India. It was normal to have 20-hour power cuts and roads were poorly maintained, garbage dumps and open drains werecommon. By the mid 1990s, kidnappings, ransom, theft had all surged. In 1998, whenthe Centre imposed central rule in Bihar it said it has “brought to an end a rule whichgave Bihar 5,000 murders, 1,000 rapes, 2,500 kidnappings and 3,000 dacoities in ayear”. Smart businessmen had begun to move out of the state, sending their sons toboarding schools, fearing kidnappings.

Even as a liberalised India progressed rapidly, Bihar’s government machinery had failedat every level. Virtually every macro socio-economic indicator tells a grim story. It wasone of the poorest states with one of the lowest literacy rate and highest child mortalityrate. Per capita income in Bihar stood at Rs. 9,765 in 2007-08, less than one-third thenational average. Almost no teachers were hired during the Laloo-Rabri regime andstray appointments were largely political.

Winds of Change-

But almost everybody in the state is now raving about how roads in Bihar havetransformed. Better law and order conditions have helped. For long distances like Patnato Bhagalpur (250 km) train used to be the best option. Now people prefer roads.

Despite three years of floods followed by a year of drought, 'backward and benighted'Bihar reports a miraculous figure: 11% GDP growth, second only to Gujarat. The state'seconomy has never grown so fast so consistently as it has since 2004-2005.



CHANGES IN THE LIFESTYLE OF PEOP LE IN PATNA:

A few people had money earlier too, but they didn't flaunt it for fear of attractingextortionists and kidnappers, that fear may have evaporated now.

Purchasing power of patanaites had increased significantly during the past fiveyears. Thus, they are splurging out more on shopping and movies.

Growing confidence in the government had made patnaites believe that they arein safe and secure hands, thus they now feel more secure in purchasing costlycars which was not seen in earlier. Thus, automobile sales in patna had taken atremendous jump and breaking all the previous records in the city.

Use of technology, outsourcing and smart initiatives has enabled the patnaites

to become more aware and sound about the technological, social environment,etc.

FACTORS AFFECTING LIFES TYLE IN PATNA:

Many attribute the growth to the fact that the flow of Central funds to states hasincreased manifold in recent years. In the case of Bihar, it went up from Rs37,341 crore during the five-year period 2000-2005 to Rs 55,459 crore during the

next three years. But equally importantly, the funds are now getting better utilizedthan during the Lalu-Rabri regime when large chunks remained unspent.

More than 6,800 km of roads have been relaid and 1,600 bridges and culvertsconstructed in the last four years. Journey time in India's 12th largest state,sprawling over 94,163 sq km, has been cut by half today in many places.

Automobile sales in the state grew 45% in 2009, at a time when sales haddipped 20-25% in several other states during the economic slowdown.

Better transport and connectivity now present in the city as compared to previousyears.

Decrease in the number of crimes has boosted the confidence of patnaites tocome out of their homes even at night and do shopping & enjoy with their familyand friends.



Rise in the disposable income had made patanaites to spend more.

The current rush among several companies to open new stores had influencedthe patanaites especially the youth which was always deprived of the fashionwhich other big metros cities were used to. So, now with the opening of stores of some big national & international brands, youths of Patna are splurging more ontheir clothes and accessories.

Increase in the number of students going to other states for their higher education. This had been the trend for the city for the past many years. So, theyoungsters who are studying in other big cities like Delhi, Mumbai etc are used to

the atmosphere and surrounding of that city and which reflects in their buyingbehavior, choices, places they go to eat, cinemas, etc.



Overview

Of Global FashionIndustry

SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

Ms. Renu Sodhi Vivek Anand



M/MFM/10/33

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