olp gce mech & heat ct 5

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MESH INTERNATIONAL – CT5: MECHANICS & HEAT (OLP GCE)

SHK

1 What must change when a body is accelerating?

A the force acting on the body

B the mass of the body

C the speed of the body

D the velocity of the body

2 A car driver takes a total of two hours to make a journey of 75 km. She has a coffee break of half an hour and

spends a quarter of an hour stationary in a traffic jam.

At what average speed must she travel during the rest of the time if she wants to complete the journey in the

two hours?

A 38 km/ h B 50 km/ h C 60 km/ h D 75 km/ h

3 In a laboratory on Earth, balances show that an object has a mass of 2 kg and a weight of 20 N. The same

balances and object are then taken to the Moon, where the gravitational field strength is less than on the

Earth.

Are the mass and weight of the object the same, or less, than before?

Mass Weight

A less less

B less same

C same lessD same same

4 The diagram shows a material with dimensions 5 cm × 4cm × 2 cm. It has a mass of 100 g.

What is the density of the material?

A 0.40 g / cm3 B 2.5 g / cm

3 C 5.0 g / cm

3 D 10 g / cm

3




SHK

5 When a block of wood of mass 2 kg is pushed along the horizontal flat surface of a bench, the friction force

measured is 4N.

When the block is pushed along the same bench with a force of 10 N, it moves with a constant

A. speed of 3m/ s. B. speed of 5m/ s. C. acceleration of 3m/ s2

. D. acceleration of 5m/ s2

.

6 When two forces are combined, the size of the resultant depends on the angle between the two forces.

Which of the following can not be the magnitude of the resultant when forces of magnitude 3N and 4N are

combined?

A 1N B 3N C 7N D 8N

7 A man weighs 600 N. He runs up stairs of total height 4 metres in 3 seconds.

How much power is exerted by the man?

A 450W B 800W C 2400W D 7200W

8 The diagrams show a parachutist in four positions after she jumps from a high balloon.

At which position does she have terminal velocity?




SHK

9 Which of the following does not affect the pressure beneath the surface of a liquid?

A area of the liquid surface B density of the liquid C depth of the liquid

D strength of the gravitational field

10 Trolley X and trolley Y are joined by a stretched spring. Trolley X has twice the mass of trolley Y.

When the trolleys are released, the acceleration of X is 2 m/s2

to the right.

What is the initial acceleration of trolley Y to the left?

A 1 m/s2 B 2m/s

2 C 3m/s

2 D 4m/s

2

11 The wheel of a moving car is driven by the engine. The car is accelerating in the direction shown.

In which direction does the frictional force act on the wheel?




SHK

12 Four blocks, each made from a different material, are placed on scales and balanced as shown in the

diagrams below.

In which diagram does the block have the greatest density?

13 A load is to be moved using a wheelbarrow. The total mass of the load and wheelbarrow is 60 kg.

The gravitational field strength is 10 N / kg.

What is the size of force F needed just to lift the loaded wheelbarrow?

A 350N B 430N C 600N D 840N




SHK

14 A spring extends by 4cm when 10N is suspended from it. Two of these springs are used as shown to carry a

30N load.

What is the extension of each spring?

A 4cm B 6cm C 8cm D 12cm

15 Hydroelectric, tidal and fossil fuels are three sources of energy.

Which of these are renewable energy sources?

16The diagram shows the energy transfer through a machine.

The machine is 50 % efficient.

Which is correct?

A input energy = useful output energyB useful output energy = input energy + wasted energy

C wasted energy = input energy + useful output energy

D wasted energy = useful output energy




SHK

17 When a 300N force is applied to a box weighing 600N, the box moves 3.0m horizontally in 20s.

What is the average power?

A 45W B 90W C 900W D 1800W

18 Which would be the least likely to sink into soft ground?

A a loaded lorry with four wheels

B a loaded lorry with six wheels

C an empty lorry with four wheels

D an empty lorry with six wheels

19 Diagram 1 shows some air trapped in a cylinder. Diagram 2 shows the same air after the piston has been

pushed in slowly.

The air in diagram 1 is at atmospheric pressure PA.

What is the pressure of the air in diagram 2?




SHK

20 A student studies some equations.

power = work / time

force = mass × acceleration

velocity = displacement / time

How many vector quantities are contained in the equations?

A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4

21 A person just supports a mass of 20 kg suspended from a rope.

What is the resultant force acting on the mass?

A 0N B 10N C 20N D 200N

22 When a block of wood of mass 2 kg is pushed along the horizontal flat surface of a bench, the friction forceis 4 N. When the block is pushed along the bench with a force of 10 N, it moves with a constant

A speed of 3 m/s.

B speed of 5 m/s.

C acceleration of 3 m/s2.

D acceleration of 5 m / s2.

23 The diagram shows a strip of paper tape that has been pulled under a vibrating arm by an object

moving at constant speed. The arm was vibrating regularly, making 50 dots per second.

What was the speed of the object?

A 2.0 cm/s B 5.0 cm/s C 100 cm/s D 200 cm/s




SHK

24 Three objects are cut from the same sheet of steel. They are different shapes but they all have the same

mass.

Which object has the greatest density?

A the disc

B the L-shape

C the square

D they all have the same density

25 Which part of the graph shows the limit of proportionality for an elastic solid?

A O B OP C P D PQ

26 The diagrams show a simple mercury barometer.

Which diagram shows the distance to be measured to find atmospheric pressure?




SHK

27 A young child holds a ball over the edge of a balcony. The ball has gravitational potential energy. The ball is

then released. It falls onto a concrete path below, and bounces back up.

Which sequence represents, in the correct order, the transformations of the gravitational potential energyafter the ball is released?

A → elastic potential energy → kinetic energy → chemical potential energy

B → elastic potential energy → kinetic energy → gravitational potential energy

C → kinetic energy → elastic potential energy → kinetic energy

D → kinetic energy → gravitational potential energy → kinetic energy

28 The system shown in the diagram contains a liquid.

A downward force of 80 N is exerted on piston K.

What will be the upward force exerted by the liquid on piston L?

A 1N B 4N C 80N D 1600N




SHK

29 A water manometer is connected to a gas supply. The diagram shows the water levels.

The water is replaced by mercury, which is more dense than water.

Which diagram shows the mercury levels when the manometer is connected to the same gas

supply?

30 What is a property of both liquids and gases?

A They always fill their containers.

B They are incompressible.

C They can flow.

D They have molecules in fixed positions.

31 A substance is heated in an enclosed space until it becomes a gas.

After the heater is removed, the temperature is recorded at regular intervals. The graph shows temperature

plotted against time.

What does the section PQ represent?

A boiling

B condensing

C melting

D solidifying




SHK

32 A student is given a thermometer that reads 1 °C in pure melting ice and 101 °C in pure boiling water. She

uses it to measure the temperature of some water before and after it is heated.

The increase in temperature of the water calculated from her results is

A 1 °C too low.B correct.

C 1 °C too high.

D 2 °C too high.

33 Fiber is used for home insulation in a cold country, as shown in the diagram.

Heat cannot easily escape through the ceiling because the fibre

A traps air. B is warm. C is tightly packed. D heats the roof space.

34 The diagram shows four similar cans. Each can contains the same volume of water initially at 80 °C. After

five minutes, which can will contain the coolest water?

35 A new liquid is tested to decide whether it is suitable for use in a liquid-in-glass thermometer. It is found

that the liquid does not expand uniformly with temperature.

What will be the effect of this on the scale of the thermometer?

A It has a short range.

B It is not linear.

C The markings are too close together.

D The markings are too far apart.




SHK

36 The fillings for a hole in a tooth should be made from a material that

A expands more than the hole in the tooth.

B expands by the same amount as the hole in the tooth.

C expands less than the hole in the tooth.

D does not expand when heated.

37 Heat energy is supplied at the same rate to 100 g of paraffin and to 100 g of water in similar containers.

Why does the temperature of the paraffin rise more quickly?

A The paraffin has a larger specific heat capacity than water.

B The paraffin has a smaller specific heat capacity than water.

C The paraffin is less dense than water.

D The paraffin is more dense than water.

38 A teacher has a large tank of water in which he wants to set up a convection current.

Which of the following arrangements would do this?

A cooling at X B cooling at Y C heating at Y D heating at Z

39 The sensitivity of a liquid-in-glass thermometer depends on the volume of liquid used and the diameter of

the bore of the thermometer.

Which changes will produce the greatest increase in sensitivity?




SHK

40 The energy required to change liquid water into water vapour at the same temperature is called latent heat

of vaporisation.

What does this energy do?

A increases the average separation of the water moleculesB increases the average speed of the water molecules

C raises the temperature of the air near the water

D splits the water molecules into their separate atoms

41 A 2 kW kettle containing boiling water is placed on a balance. It is left there and continues to boil for 5

minutes. The balance reading changes by 0.2 kg.

What does this information give as a value for the specific latent heat of vaporisation of water?

A 2000 J/kg B 3000 J/kg C 50 000 J/kg D 3 000 000 J/kg

42 The heat from the hot water in a metal radiator passes through the metal and then spreads around the

room.

What are the main processes by which the heat is transferred through the radiator and then spread around

the room?

43 An airtight container holds a fixed quantity of gas. Its pressure and volume are measured on four occasions

when the temperature is 20 °C. The results are shown in the table.

Which set of readings is incorrect?




SHK

44 In a vacuum flask, which methods of heat transfer are prevented by the vacuum?

A conduction only

B convection only

C conduction and convection only

D conduction, convection, and radiation

45 At regular intervals along a railway line there is a gap between the rail sections.

What is the reason for the gap between the rail sections?

A to allow for expansion of the rail sections during hot weather

B to allow for vibrations of the rail sections as the train passes over them

C to allow rain water to drain from the rail sectionsD to keep the wheels of the train and carriages on the rail sections

46 Ice is taken from a freezer and left in a room. The ice melts and eventually the water reaches room

temperature.

Which energy transfers take place?




SHK

47 Some air is trapped inside a small balloon. The average kinetic energy of the air molecules in the balloon is

increased.

What remains the same?

A the density of the air in the balloonB the mass of the air in the balloon

C the temperature of the air in the balloon

D the volume of the air in the balloon

48 A student is investigating the evaporation of water.

The student can change:

the depth of the water;

the surface area of the water;

the temperature of the water.

How many of these changes, if any, would alter the rate at which evaporation occurs?

A 0 B 1 C 2 D 3

49 The gas in a container is heated but is kept at constant volume.

Why does the gas pressure increase?

A The molecules expand.

B The molecules increase in mass.

C The molecules move further apart.

D The molecules move more rapidly.

50 The table lists the melting points and the boiling points of four different substances A, B, C and D.

Which substance is a gas at 25 °C?




SHK

51 The diagram shows four blocks of steel. The same quantity of heat is given to each block.

Which block shows the greatest rise in temperature?

52 A wooden wheel can be strengthened by putting a tight circle of iron around it.

Which action would make it easier to fit the circle over the wood?

A cooling the iron circle

B heating the iron circle

C heating the wooden wheel

D heating the wooden wheel and cooling the iron circle

53 Which statement refers to convection?

A It does not involve energy transfer.

B It is the transfer of heat energy without the movement of particles.

C It only occurs in liquids or gases.

D It only occurs in solids.




SHK

54 Spoons made of different materials were placed in four cups of coffee poured from the same jug.

Which spoon will be hottest to touch at end X?

55 In an experiment to find the specific heat capacity of a metal, it is found that 5200 J is needed to raise the

temperature of a 2 kg block by 20 °C.

What value for the specific heat capacity is given by these results?

A 130 J /kg °C

B 520 J /kg °C

C 52 000 J/kg °C

D 104 000 J/kg °C

56 A person cannot unscrew the lid of a pot of jam. He finds that the lid can be unscrewed after it has been

held under hot, running water for a few seconds.

Why is this?

A The air pressure in the jar falls.

B The glass expands.

C The jam melts.

D The lid expands.




SHK

57 The diagram shows a thick copper plate that is very hot. One side is black, the other is shiny.

A student places her hands the same distance from each side as shown.

Her left hand feels warmer than her right hand.

Which statement is the correct conclusion from the experiment?

A The black side is hotter than the shiny one.

B The black side radiates more heat.

C The shiny side radiates more heat.

D The shiny side is cooling down faster than the black side.

58 A substance consists of particles that are close together and moving past each other at random.

The average speed of the particles is gradually increasing.

What best describes the substance?

A a gas being heated

B a liquid being heatedC a solid being heated

D a solid being melted

59 Some ice cubes are taken from a deep-freeze and placed in a metal container. The container is

heated at a constant rate and readings of temperature and time are taken. The results are

recorded on a graph.

Which temperature corresponds to 0 °C?




SHK

60 The diagrams show a bimetallic strip when it is at room temperature and after it has been cooled.

The change in shape occurs because

A brass contracts more than invar.

B brass expands when it cools down.

C invar and brass contract by equal amounts.

D invar contracts more than brass.

61 A substance, initially in the solid state, was heated by a 800 W heater. The temperature was taken at

regular intervals and the temperature-time graph plotted as shown in the figure below.

Using the graph above, determine

(a) the melting point of the substance, [1]

__________________________________________________________________________________________

(b) the boiling point of the substance, [1]

__________________________________________________________________________________________

(c) the time taken for the substance to boil. [1]

__________________________________________________________________________________________




SHK

Explain why it takes the substance a longer time to increase its temperature by 1 K when it is in the gaseous

state as compared to its solid state. [1]

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

62 The diagram below shows a cross-sectional view of a liquid-in-glass thermometer. The volume of the bulb is

V and the bore in the stem has length x and diameter d.

State, with reasons, the effect on the thermometer’s range and sensitivity of

(i) increasing the length of the stem, x, [2]

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

(ii) increasing the diameter of the bore, d, [2]

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

(iii) making the glass around the bulb thinner. [2]

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Give four reasons why mercury would be a suitable liquid to use in this thermometer. [4]

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

(1 mark for neatness)

TOTAL FOR THIS PAPER: 75 MARKS

olp gce mech & heat ct 5

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