Online Professional Online Professional Development Part IIDevelopment Part II

Webcasting & VideoconferencingWebcasting & Videoconferencing

Online Professional Online Professional Development Part IIDevelopment Part II

Webcasting & VideoconferencingWebcasting & Videoconferencing

COABE ConferenceCOABE Conference

April 27, 2004April 27, 2004COABE ConferenceCOABE Conference

April 27, 2004April 27, 2004

John FleischmanJohn Fleischman

Outreach and Technical Assistance Network Outreach and Technical Assistance Network (OTAN)(OTAN)

Sacramento County Office of EdducationSacramento County Office of Edducation

John FleischmanJohn Fleischman

Outreach and Technical Assistance Network Outreach and Technical Assistance Network (OTAN)(OTAN)

Sacramento County Office of EdducationSacramento County Office of Edducation

AsynchronousAsynchronous SynchronousSynchronous

PrintPrint Textbook, Workbook, Textbook, Workbook, Study GuideStudy Guide

AudioAudio AudiotapeAudiotape Telephone, Telephone, Audioconference, Audioconference, Short Wave RadioShort Wave Radio

VideoVideo VideotapeVideotape Videoconference, Videoconference, Instructional TVInstructional TV

DataData Fax, Email, Listserv, Fax, Email, Listserv, Discussion Board, CAI, Discussion Board, CAI, WBIWBI

Computer Computer Conference, ChatConference, Chat

Matrix of Modalities for DLMatrix of Modalities for DL

What is a Webcast?What is a Webcast?What is a Webcast?What is a Webcast?

Live video and Live video and audio transmitted audio transmitted via the Internetvia the Internet

Simple definition: Simple definition: TV via the InternetTV via the Internet

Live video and Live video and audio transmitted audio transmitted via the Internetvia the Internet

Simple definition: Simple definition: TV via the InternetTV via the Internet

Webcast AdvantagesWebcast AdvantagesWebcast AdvantagesWebcast Advantages

Low costLow cost Uses existing resources (network/Internet)Uses existing resources (network/Internet) People can travel to central locations or view People can travel to central locations or view

Webcasts at their own locations rather than Webcasts at their own locations rather than paying for travel, etc.paying for travel, etc.

Allows for low level of interactivityAllows for low level of interactivity Computer chat softwareComputer chat software Fax transmissionFax transmission

Low costLow cost Uses existing resources (network/Internet)Uses existing resources (network/Internet) People can travel to central locations or view People can travel to central locations or view

Webcasts at their own locations rather than Webcasts at their own locations rather than paying for travel, etc.paying for travel, etc.

Allows for low level of interactivityAllows for low level of interactivity Computer chat softwareComputer chat software Fax transmissionFax transmission

Webcast DisadvantagesWebcast DisadvantagesWebcast DisadvantagesWebcast Disadvantages

Relies on the NetworkRelies on the Network Can be prone to network congestionCan be prone to network congestion

Requires high level of technical Requires high level of technical expertise at Webcast transmission siteexpertise at Webcast transmission site

Requires low to mid level of technical Requires low to mid level of technical expertise at receive sitesexpertise at receive sites

Host (receive) sites require a fast Host (receive) sites require a fast network/Internet connection – minimum network/Internet connection – minimum T1 connection recommendedT1 connection recommended

Relies on the NetworkRelies on the Network Can be prone to network congestionCan be prone to network congestion

Requires high level of technical Requires high level of technical expertise at Webcast transmission siteexpertise at Webcast transmission site

Requires low to mid level of technical Requires low to mid level of technical expertise at receive sitesexpertise at receive sites

Host (receive) sites require a fast Host (receive) sites require a fast network/Internet connection – minimum network/Internet connection – minimum T1 connection recommendedT1 connection recommended

How Does a Webcast Work?How Does a Webcast Work?How Does a Webcast Work?How Does a Webcast Work?

Video and audio are captured in a Video and audio are captured in a studio or meeting room and mixed studio or meeting room and mixed togethertogether

Video is “encoded” into a computer Video is “encoded” into a computer media format (Windows Media Player, media format (Windows Media Player, etc.)etc.)

The encoded video is sent to a The encoded video is sent to a streaming serverstreaming server

Viewing sites run the media software Viewing sites run the media software and connect to the host site’s server to and connect to the host site’s server to view the video and audioview the video and audio

Video and audio are captured in a Video and audio are captured in a studio or meeting room and mixed studio or meeting room and mixed togethertogether

Video is “encoded” into a computer Video is “encoded” into a computer media format (Windows Media Player, media format (Windows Media Player, etc.)etc.)

The encoded video is sent to a The encoded video is sent to a streaming serverstreaming server

Viewing sites run the media software Viewing sites run the media software and connect to the host site’s server to and connect to the host site’s server to view the video and audioview the video and audio

How Does a Webcast Work?How Does a Webcast Work?

Video and audio Video and audio Switching equipment Switching equipment Encoder workstation Encoder workstation Streaming server Streaming server Internet Internet Receiving site computerReceiving site computer

Video and audio Video and audio Switching equipment Switching equipment Encoder workstation Encoder workstation Streaming server Streaming server Internet Internet Receiving site computerReceiving site computer

Setup for Viewing WebcastSetup for Viewing Webcast

ComputerComputerProjectorProjector

SpeakersSpeakers

InternetInternet

Chat ComputerChat Computer

Communicating with PresentersCommunicating with Presenters

A chat program is A chat program is used by receiving used by receiving sites to communicate sites to communicate with presenterswith presenters

Questions are written Questions are written on index cards at on index cards at receiving sites and receiving sites and entered by entered by “Chatmaster”“Chatmaster”

A chat program is A chat program is used by receiving used by receiving sites to communicate sites to communicate with presenterswith presenters

Questions are written Questions are written on index cards at on index cards at receiving sites and receiving sites and entered by entered by “Chatmaster”“Chatmaster”

http://chat.scoe.net

Viewing TipsViewing Tips

Set video computer screen Set video computer screen size to 800x600size to 800x600 Video will look less “blocky”Video will look less “blocky”

Test out the Webcast feed Test out the Webcast feed well before the eventwell before the event Ensure you can receive a Ensure you can receive a

384 Kbps transmission 384 Kbps transmission without any problems without any problems beforehand!beforehand!

Set video computer screen Set video computer screen size to 800x600size to 800x600 Video will look less “blocky”Video will look less “blocky”

Test out the Webcast feed Test out the Webcast feed well before the eventwell before the event Ensure you can receive a Ensure you can receive a

384 Kbps transmission 384 Kbps transmission without any problems without any problems beforehand!beforehand!

Hosting your own WebcastHosting your own WebcastHosting your own WebcastHosting your own Webcast

Recommend fast network Recommend fast network connection connection

Calculate bandwidth Calculate bandwidth requirements ahead of time requirements ahead of time (384 Kbps x receiving sites = (384 Kbps x receiving sites = total bandwidth total bandwidth requirements)requirements)

Need technical staff to Need technical staff to monitor the Webcastmonitor the Webcast

Perform “live” tests ahead of Perform “live” tests ahead of time with all sites connected time with all sites connected simultaneously to work out simultaneously to work out problemsproblems

Recommend fast network Recommend fast network connection connection

Calculate bandwidth Calculate bandwidth requirements ahead of time requirements ahead of time (384 Kbps x receiving sites = (384 Kbps x receiving sites = total bandwidth total bandwidth requirements)requirements)

Need technical staff to Need technical staff to monitor the Webcastmonitor the Webcast

Perform “live” tests ahead of Perform “live” tests ahead of time with all sites connected time with all sites connected simultaneously to work out simultaneously to work out problemsproblems

Production Tips - ComputerProduction Tips - ComputerProduction Tips - ComputerProduction Tips - Computer

Get a fast computer as Get a fast computer as your “encoder your “encoder workstation”workstation”

Create streams with Create streams with multiple bit rates multiple bit rates (example: 384 Kbps, (example: 384 Kbps, 256 Kbps, 128 Kbps)256 Kbps, 128 Kbps)

PowerPoint PowerPoint presentations should presentations should be kept to no more be kept to no more than 5 lines per page than 5 lines per page with relatively large with relatively large texttext

Get a fast computer as Get a fast computer as your “encoder your “encoder workstation”workstation”

Create streams with Create streams with multiple bit rates multiple bit rates (example: 384 Kbps, (example: 384 Kbps, 256 Kbps, 128 Kbps)256 Kbps, 128 Kbps)

PowerPoint PowerPoint presentations should presentations should be kept to no more be kept to no more than 5 lines per page than 5 lines per page with relatively large with relatively large texttext

Production Tips - VideoProduction Tips - VideoProduction Tips - VideoProduction Tips - Video

Select a good location Select a good location for your productionsfor your productions

Use two cameras & Use two cameras & switcher, if availableswitcher, if available

Ensure adequate Ensure adequate lighting is availablelighting is available

Use “external” Use “external” microphones to microphones to ensure quality audioensure quality audio

Use a scan converter Use a scan converter for computer output for computer output (converts computer to (converts computer to video signal)video signal)

Select a good location Select a good location for your productionsfor your productions

Use two cameras & Use two cameras & switcher, if availableswitcher, if available

Ensure adequate Ensure adequate lighting is availablelighting is available

Use “external” Use “external” microphones to microphones to ensure quality audioensure quality audio

Use a scan converter Use a scan converter for computer output for computer output (converts computer to (converts computer to video signal)video signal)

Create a Webcast web pageCreate a Webcast web page

Create generic Web page for Create generic Web page for upcoming/archived Webcastsupcoming/archived Webcasts

What should the Web page What should the Web page include?include? Test or sample video streamsTest or sample video streams Companion PowerPoint or other filesCompanion PowerPoint or other files Technical informationTechnical information Archived WebcastsArchived Webcasts

Create generic Web page for Create generic Web page for upcoming/archived Webcastsupcoming/archived Webcasts

What should the Web page What should the Web page include?include? Test or sample video streamsTest or sample video streams Companion PowerPoint or other filesCompanion PowerPoint or other files Technical informationTechnical information Archived WebcastsArchived WebcastsSCOE Webcast page

Types of Webcasts for PDTypes of Webcasts for PD

Webcast with Webcast with computer chatcomputer chat

Webcast with chat Webcast with chat and local and local facilitationfacilitation

Webcast with chat Webcast with chat and video and/or and video and/or DV distributionDV distribution

Webcast with Webcast with computer chatcomputer chat

Webcast with chat Webcast with chat and local and local facilitationfacilitation

Webcast with chat Webcast with chat and video and/or and video and/or DV distributionDV distribution

Webcast with Computer ChatWebcast with Computer ChatWebcast with Computer ChatWebcast with Computer Chat

Useful for:Useful for: RFP, RFA announcementsRFP, RFA announcements Provision of regulatory Provision of regulatory

informationinformation Specialty presentationsSpecialty presentations

ExampleExample

Useful for:Useful for: RFP, RFA announcementsRFP, RFA announcements Provision of regulatory Provision of regulatory

informationinformation Specialty presentationsSpecialty presentations

ExampleExample WIA application process

Webcast with Chat & Local Webcast with Chat & Local FacilitationFacilitation

Webcast with Chat & Local Webcast with Chat & Local FacilitationFacilitation

Useful for:Useful for: In-depth training on a In-depth training on a

process or procedureprocess or procedure Sharing specialist Sharing specialist

expertise with many expertise with many locations simultaneouslylocations simultaneously

Combining direct Combining direct information with local information with local practice / collaborationpractice / collaboration

ExampleExample

Useful for:Useful for: In-depth training on a In-depth training on a

process or procedureprocess or procedure Sharing specialist Sharing specialist

expertise with many expertise with many locations simultaneouslylocations simultaneously

Combining direct Combining direct information with local information with local practice / collaborationpractice / collaboration

ExampleExample EL Civics Training

Webcast with Chat and Video Webcast with Chat and Video and/or DV Distributionand/or DV Distribution

Webcast with Chat and Video Webcast with Chat and Video and/or DV Distributionand/or DV Distribution

Useful for:Useful for: Situations where wider Situations where wider

information distribution is information distribution is required (training of required (training of trainers)trainers)

Implementing a continuum Implementing a continuum of trainingof training

ExampleExample

Useful for:Useful for: Situations where wider Situations where wider

information distribution is information distribution is required (training of required (training of trainers)trainers)

Implementing a continuum Implementing a continuum of trainingof training

ExampleExample CAPA Assessment (testing implementation)(testing implementation)

What is a Videoconference?What is a Videoconference?What is a Videoconference?What is a Videoconference?

Real-time video Real-time video and audio and audio connection connection between 2 or more between 2 or more locationslocations

Simple definition: Simple definition: A telephone call A telephone call with pictureswith pictures

Real-time video Real-time video and audio and audio connection connection between 2 or more between 2 or more locationslocations

Simple definition: Simple definition: A telephone call A telephone call with pictureswith pictures

““Levels” of VideoconferencingLevels” of Videoconferencing““Levels” of VideoconferencingLevels” of VideoconferencingFormat Bandwidth Strengths Weaknesses

Level 1Small inexpensive cameras for desktop or laptop computers

56 KPBS – 384 KBPS

- Low cost- Minimum connectivity requirements- Ease of use

- Small screen display- Minimum frame rate (1 or 2 FPS)- Good for image representation only

Level 2Mid-range self-contained equipment useful for connecting small groups

384 KBPS to 2 MBPS

- Good for individuals and small groups- Multipoint videoconferences

- Small delays can occur with video transmission- Costly equipment for bridging multiple sites

Level 3High-end interactive video via high-speed LANs and WANs

2 MBPS to 6 MBPS - For “high stakes” videoconferencing- Real-time video without delay or image degrading

- Expensive equipment- Requires separate video equipment

It requires no more skills than using the It requires no more skills than using the Yellow PagesYellow Pages

It requires no more skills than using the It requires no more skills than using the Yellow PagesYellow Pages

Level 1 - DesktopLevel 1 - DesktopLevel 1 - DesktopLevel 1 - Desktop

Level 1 - DesktopLevel 1 - DesktopLevel 1 - DesktopLevel 1 - Desktop

Useful for staff Useful for staff development development where online where online presence is presence is neededneeded

Relies on chat or Relies on chat or audioaudio

Good shareware Good shareware availableavailable

Useful for staff Useful for staff development development where online where online presence is presence is neededneeded

Relies on chat or Relies on chat or audioaudio

Good shareware Good shareware availableavailableVRVS

It’s a great deal easier then herding catsIt’s a great deal easier then herding cats It’s a great deal easier then herding catsIt’s a great deal easier then herding cats

Level 2 – Conference RoomLevel 2 – Conference RoomLevel 2 – Conference RoomLevel 2 – Conference Room

Level 2 – Conference RoomLevel 2 – Conference RoomLevel 2 – Conference RoomLevel 2 – Conference Room

Point-to-point Point-to-point MultipointMultipoint Best for professional Best for professional

developmentdevelopment Statewide or national Statewide or national

meetingsmeetings Connecting with guest Connecting with guest

speakersspeakers Virtual field tripsVirtual field trips

Point-to-point Point-to-point MultipointMultipoint Best for professional Best for professional

developmentdevelopment Statewide or national Statewide or national

meetingsmeetings Connecting with guest Connecting with guest

speakersspeakers Virtual field tripsVirtual field trips

Level 2 – Conference RoomLevel 2 – Conference RoomLevel 2 – Conference RoomLevel 2 – Conference Room

HardwareHardware PolycomPolycom TandbergTandberg SonySony

CostCost $400 to $10,000$400 to $10,000

ConnectivityConnectivity ISDNISDN Internet Protocol (IP)Internet Protocol (IP)

HardwareHardware PolycomPolycom TandbergTandberg SonySony

CostCost $400 to $10,000$400 to $10,000

ConnectivityConnectivity ISDNISDN Internet Protocol (IP)Internet Protocol (IP)

Level 3 – High StakesLevel 3 – High StakesLevel 3 – High StakesLevel 3 – High Stakes

Unfortunately it requires the Unfortunately it requires the expertise level of a jet pilotexpertise level of a jet pilot

Unfortunately it requires the Unfortunately it requires the expertise level of a jet pilotexpertise level of a jet pilot

K-12 Videoconferencing – Interactive K-12 Videoconferencing – Interactive Videoconferencing. A Literature Review by Videoconferencing. A Literature Review by Marilyn Heath and Donald Holznagel. A Marilyn Heath and Donald Holznagel. A Policy Issues Review by Kirk deFord and K. Policy Issues Review by Kirk deFord and K. Victoria DimockVictoria Dimock

Effective Use of Desktop Effective Use of Desktop Videoconferencing in Teacher Education Videoconferencing in Teacher Education and Professional Development. NCAL and Professional Development. NCAL TECH21 Report by Janet C. SmithTECH21 Report by Janet C. Smith

K-12 Videoconferencing – Interactive K-12 Videoconferencing – Interactive Videoconferencing. A Literature Review by Videoconferencing. A Literature Review by Marilyn Heath and Donald Holznagel. A Marilyn Heath and Donald Holznagel. A Policy Issues Review by Kirk deFord and K. Policy Issues Review by Kirk deFord and K. Victoria DimockVictoria Dimock

Effective Use of Desktop Effective Use of Desktop Videoconferencing in Teacher Education Videoconferencing in Teacher Education and Professional Development. NCAL and Professional Development. NCAL TECH21 Report by Janet C. SmithTECH21 Report by Janet C. Smith

Research and ReferenceResearch and ReferenceResearch and ReferenceResearch and Reference

“There is one thing worse than not being able to see, being able to see and having no vision”

Helen Keller

“There is one thing worse than not being able to see, being able to see and having no vision”

Helen Keller