opener: 10/16 - #6 copy and answer the following: based on what you already know about europe, what...
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Opener: 10/16 - #6
COPY and answer the following:
Based on what you already know about Europe, what are the similarities and differences of life there compare to living in the United States?
3-5 Complete Sentences
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Classical Europe - #7
European History & Government
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Classical Europe• Ancient Greece & Ancient Rome
oGreeks – early 400s and 300s BCEoRomans – Between 275 BCE and 476 CE
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Geographical Advantages
1) Mild climate o Societies had time
to develop complex institutions such as governments
2) Mediterranean Sea encouraged overseas tradeo Exchanging of
ideas = advances in knowledge
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Ancient Greece• Greeks were organized
into city-states.
• City-state: a political unit made up of a city and its surrounding areas
• The two most important city states were Athens and Sparta.
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Ancient GreeceAthens
• Developed the first democracy
• Democracy: a government in which the people rule
• Helped inspire the U.S. system of government
Sparta
• Instead of a democracy, Sparta built a military state.
• Women had more rights than the women in Athens
• Eventually, conquered Athens
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Classical Greece
• Parthenon – most famous structure in Ancient Greece
• Olympic Games were created by the GreeksoOlympic events
consisted of running, wrestling, boxing, chariot races, and many other events.
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Alexander the Great 356 - 323 BCE
• Alexander unified Greek and Macedonian forces to extend his empire to modern day Pakistan.
• He died at the age of 32 and is considered one of the greatest military leaders in history.
• He helped spread the Greek culture and blend it with others in the East.
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Ancient Rome• The Romans began their
powerful empire in the mid-1st century BCE and it lasted until 476 CE.
• Republic: a government in which citizens elect representatives to rule in their name
• Christianity eventually became Rome’s official religion
• The Romans eventually took over almost all of the area around the Mediterranean Sea.
Height of the Roman Empire – 118 CE
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End of the Roman Empire
• Empire was too big for a single government – split in two: western & eastern
• Western – grew weak, fell to Germanic invaders from the north
• Eastern – transformed into the Byzantium Empire which lasted another 1000 years.
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Crusades• European
Christians launched the Crusades
• Crusades: a series of religious wars to take Palestine (Jerusalem) from the Muslims
Brought wealth and power to the Italians
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Crusades
• Christians hold Jerusalem sacred because this is where Christians believe Jesus was buried and resurrected into heaven.
• Muslims hold it sacred because this is where Muslims believe the Prophet Muhammad ascended into heaven.
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Middle Ages• The period between the Fall of Rome and
the Renaissance is called the Middle Ages – 500-1400 CE
• Feudalism replaced centralized government in many places in Western Europe
• Feudalism: a political system in which powerful lords owned most of the land
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Bubonic Plague
• 1347, bubonic plague (Black Death) reached Italy
• Spread throughout Europe by trade routes
• 25 million Europeans died, ¼ to 1/3 of the total population
• http://www.history.com/topics/black-death
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Renaissance
• Began in Italy in the 14th century and lasted through the 16th century
• The Renaissance was a “rebirth” in learning and the arts
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Renaissance Artists
• Leonardo da Vinci – Mona Lisa & Last Supper
• Michelangelo – Sculpture of David
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Protestant Reformation• People began questioning the
authority of the Catholic Church
• Martin Luther criticized church practices he believed were wrong – For example: individuals could ask for forgiveness without a priest
• Reformation: a period where many Christians broke away from the Catholic Church and started Protestant churches
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Protestant Reformation
• Led Catholics and Protestants to fight religious wars that tore Europe apart
• Mostly Catholic – Italy, France, Spain
• Mostly Protestant – G.B., Netherlands, Switzerland
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The Age of Discovery• Mid-1400s to early 1500s• Europeans were looking for new
trade routes to India and China.• Many merchants wanted to skip the
middle-man in trading and keep more of the profits themselves.
• This began the new era of sea travel looking for new routes.
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The Age of Exploration1450s -1600s
• Bartholomew Dias – first to reach Africa’s Cape of Good Hope.
• Chris Columbus – heads west to look for western route to Asia.
• Vasco da Gama – Rounds Cape of Good Hope and reaches India.
• Magellan – 5 ships and 270 men set off to circumnavigate the globe. Magellan dies on the trip. Eighteen of his crew and one ship make it back to port. Took ~ 3 years.
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Classical Europe Timeline - #8
Using TB pages 289-301, create a timeline, in chronological order, with the following events:• Renaissance• Middle Ages• Ancient Greece• Bubonic Plague• Reformation• Roman Empire• Crusades
Include the following on your timeline:1)Date(s) of event2)Description of
event3)Illustration related
to event**Make sure you find the dates before completing your timeline!!
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Classical Europe Timeline2000 B.C.–338 BCEAncient Greece Birthplace of democracy