Organizing and Organizational Structure

Organizing and Organizational structure

By-

Faisal UsmaniMohammad Aamir KhanAdnanIrisha Herdwaria

Organizing and Organizational Structure

Meaning of organizing-

Organizing is the process of defining and grouping activities and establishing authority relationship among them to attain organizational objectives.

Organizing Definition-

Organizing is the process of identifying and grouping of the works to be performed, defining and delegating responsibility and authority and establishing relationships for the purpose of enabling people to work most efficiently" - Louis A. Allen

How does organizing help-Organizing helps Organizations' to reap the benefit of specialization.Organizing provides for Optimum utilization of resources.Organizing helps in Effective administration.Organizing channels for Expansion and growth.Organizing achieves co-ordination among different departments.

Organizing Process-

Division of work:The first process of Organizing includes identification and division of work which shall be donein accordance with the plans that are determined previously.

2- Departmentation:once the work of identifying and dividing the work has been done those are similar are to begrouped.

3- Linking departments: When the process of departmentation was completed, linking of departments has to be done sothat those departments operate in a co-ordinated manner which gives a shape to overall organizational structure.

4- Assigning Duties:On completion of departmentation process assigning duties i.e. defining authority andresponsibility to the employees on the basis of their skills and capabilities has to be done, which in consequencemagnifies efficiency with regard to their work.

5-Defining hierarchal structure: Each employee should also know from whom he has to take orders and to whom he isaccountable/responsible.

Organizational Structure:Meaning-

Organizational structure is the pattern of relationships among various components of the organization. Whenever an enterprise grows in size or complexity it needs an adequate organization structure. An effective structure will result in increased profitability of the enterprise.

Definition

Every company has two organizational structures: The formal one is written on the charts; the other is the everyday relationship of the men and women in the organization.

-Harold S. Geneen

Line and Staff organization Structure:Staff personnel generally specialists in their fields advice line managers to perform their duties. Staff personnel have right to recommend, but have no authority.Organizational structure types-

Functional structure:

Employees within the functional divisions of an organization perform a specialized set of tasks, for instance the computerEngineering department would be staffed only with software engineers and not with mechanical engineer.

This leads to operational efficiencies within that group.

Divisional structure:The divisional structure, groups each organizational function into a division. Each division within a divisional structure contains all the necessary resources and functions within it. Divisions can be categorized from different points of view. One might make distinctions on a geographical basis (a US division and an EU division, for example). In another example, an automobilecompanywith a divisional structure might have one division for SUVs, another division for subcompact cars, and another division for sedans.

Matrix structure:Thematrix structure groups employees by both function and product. This structure can combine the best of both separate structures. example- A company that produces two products, "product a" and "product b". Using the matrix structure, this company would organize functions within the company as follows- "product a" sales department, "product a" customer service department, "product a" accounting, "product b" sales department, "product b" customer service department, "product b" accounting department.

Case study-Mumbai Dabbawalas

Introduction-A Dabbawala is a person in the Indian city, Mumbai, whose job is to carry and deliver freshly made foods from home in lunch boxes to office workers.The Dabbawala originated when India was under British rule.Though the work sounds simple, it is actually a high specialized trade which has become integral to Mumbais culture.

APPROACH-DISCIPLINE :No Alcohol Drinking during business hour.Wearing White Caps during business hour.Carry Identity cards.

LATEST MARKETING STRATEGY :Marketing message in dabba.

How do they do it...?

War against time(10.30 1.00)

Executive commitiee(5members)Team of 20-25 headed by group leader

Inividual dabbawala workload=30 tiffins

ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE

PRESIDENT

VICE PRESIDENTGEN. SECRETARYTREASURERDIRECTOR(19)MUKADAM MEMBERS 5000

Awards and Felicitation-Shri. Varkari Prabhodhan Mahasmati Dindi(palkhi) 4th March 2001.Invitation from CII for conference held in Banglore.Documentaries made by BBC , UTV , MTV , and ZEE TV.

Some Achievements-World record in best time management.

Name in GUINESS BOOK of World Records.

Registered with Ripleys believe it or not

Online Services and Order through SMS-Developing a software application through which people of Mumbai can order Dabba service online through internet.The Dabbawalas have started to embrace technology, and now allow booking for delivery through SMS.

Case study-Amul Butter

HISTORYIt began with two village cooperatives and 250 litres of milk per day.Today amul collects , processes & distributes over a million litres of milk and milk products per day on behalf of more than 1000s village cooperative owned by a half a million farmer members. It started as the awareness among the farmers that grew & mature into protest movement.Life of farmer Iin Kiara district is very difficult and unjustible. As thir income is entirely derived from seasonal crop.

Marketing anddistributionb system was controlled by private tradors & middleman, so farmer are compelled to sell it for watever they was offered.Realization is what led to establishment of Kiara district cooperative milk product which is formally registered on december 14, 1946..By the end of 1948, 400 farmers joined in more village society and quantity of milk handled by one union increase from 250 5000 litres a day.

THE KAIRA EXPERIMENT:A NEW BEGINNINGManagement comitee & its Chairemen educating them about democratic process.Rich and poor , the elite &ordinary come together to cooperate for common cause.One might wonder is that the farmer who knows almost everythng about impregnating a cow or a buffalo is also equally aware of processing the human &work towards planning it,Everyday AMUL collects 4,47000 litres of milk from 2.12 million farmers convert milk into branded package products & deliver goods worth Rs6 crore to over 5,00,000 retail across country.

ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE OF AMULIt all started in Dec.1946 with groups of farmerskeen to free themselv from intermediaries gain access to market.Based in village of Anand the Kaira district milk cooperative union (ie AMUL) expanded exponentially.It join hand with other milk cooperative &Gujarat network now cover 2.12 million farmer, 10411 village level milk collection centers &14 district level plants under overall supervision of GCMMF.This initiative would directly benefit small farmers & contribute to development of society.Markets then and today are primitive and poor in infrastructure. Amul & GCMMF acknowledge that development & growth couldnt be left to market forces and that proactive intervention was required.

Management of this network is made more complex by fact tht GCMMF is directly responsible only for small part of chain.AMUL adopt a low cost price strategy to make its product affordable.The GCMMF enhanced the Product mix through progressive addition of higher value product.As compare to high value dairy product segment from other firm Amul product is consistent with care , philosophy of providing milk at basic affordable price.

Amul products are avialable in over 5,00,000 retail outlet across India through its network ovr 3500 distributors. There are 47 depot with dry and cold warehouse.GCMMF on and advance demand draftinstead of cheque system.(As demand draft minimise dumping) The board drawn from heads of all unions and boards of union comprise of farmers elected through village societies.Technologies and initiative is properly organised- new product, process technology, complementary assets enhance milk production &e-commerce.GCMMF was one of the fast moving consumer goods firm Implement B2C commerce.

CONCLUSION

Thank you!