origamiacompletestep-by-stepguidetomakinganimals,

flowers,planes,boats,andmore

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10987654321

LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataisavailableonfile.

ISBN:978-1-61608-576-6

TranslatedbyStineSkarpnesOsttveitOriginalcoverandinteriordesignbyMariaLannerCoverphotocourtesyofHelenaKarlssonIllustrationsbyMariHöijerWoodcutreproductionscourtesyoftheNipponOrigamiAssociationPrintedinChina

origamiacompletestep-by-stepguidetomakinganimals,

flowers,planes,boats,andmore

NorioTorimoto&YukikoDuke

ContentsForewordBeforeYouBeginTraditionalOrigamiNorio’sModelsPracticalUsesDoTourOwnOrigamiChallengeYourselfAfterwordTheAuthors’Thanks

ForewordNorioTorimoto first discovered the joyoforigami as a littleboy inpost-warFukuiinwesternJapan.Noriostruggledwithpoorhealthasachildandwasunabletoplayoutsidewiththeotherchildren.Noriofoundcomfortinfoldingorigamipaper,anditwasn’tlongbeforehewasfoldingbasicshapeswithease.

Ateleven,atravellingtheaterstoppedbyNorio’shometown.Aftertheperformances,thechildrenwoulddawdleforachancetomeetandtalkwiththeactors.Whenoneoftheactorsfoldedacraneandpulledits tail to flap its wings, Norio was awestruck. He had never seenanythinglikeit!

Norio was inspired by the complicated design and purchased abookonorigamitouncovertheperformer’ssecretbehindtheflappingcrane.Witharacinghearthestartedfoldingandtohisgreatsurprise,the more complicated model was actually easier to fold than theregularcrane,whichhehadbeenabletofoldforyears.

This experience led Norio to one of the origami maker’s mostimportantrealizations:thatmodelsmaylookcomplicated,buttheyareusually surprisingly easy to fold. Origami instructions may seemlengthy and contain an overwhelming amount of illustrations, but ifyou follow themcarefully and take it one step at the time, they arerarelydifficult.

WithanewfoundstrengthNoriobegantofoldonaseriouslevel.Overtimehebecameoneoftheworld’sninefirstorigamimasters,asrecognizedbytheJapaneseNipponOrigamiAssociation.Althoughheis recognizedworldwide for his strength of form,Norio rejected aninternationalcareerandchosetoremaininSweden.

SinceNoriofirstmovedtoSwedenatthebeginningofthe1970s,he’staughtamultitudeofSwedesabouttheartoffoldingorigami.His

modelshavebeenfeaturedonthecoverof theSwedishphonebook,aswellasNationalTV.Noriohasalsoadaptedorigamiasateachingaid to explain mathematical problems at the Royal Institute ofTechnology in Stockholm, Sweden. Norio believes that origami ismathematics based on logical thinking as opposed to complicatedcalculations—amaththatanyonecanmaster.

Norio’sdreamhasalwaysbeen tohelppeople freelycreate theirownorigami.

The main obstacle blocking Norio’s dream has been that theorigamibookscurrentlyavailableonlyprovideinstructiononhowtofoldcertainmodels.Whattheywon’tshowishowtocreatemodelsofyourown.Accordingly,mostpeoplebelievethatorigamiisessentiallyabout learning to fold anumberof traditionalmodels,when in fact,thetraditionalmodelsaremerelyabaseforself-madecreations.

AcoupleofyearsagoNorioandmyselfthereforedecidedtowriteabasicorigamiguide.Abookthatclearlyexplainsthreefundamentalsteps: how to fold thebasicmodels, how to fold traditionalmodels,and finally how you should approach the creation of your ownmodels.Thisbookprovidesnewinsightintotheworldoforigamianditshistory,forboththebeginnerandtheexperiencedorigamifolder.

Thebookyouarenowholdinginyourhandsinanentirelyuniquework. The folding instructions were carefully deconstructed anddrawn out byNorio, while I havewritten the introductions to eachsection.Theorigamimasteralsorevealshowyoucancraftmodelsofyour very own. Never before has an internationally known origamimaster so generously shared the secrets of his trade. Through thisbook one can now truly understand how a master thinks when hecreateshisorigamimodels.

Forthiswekindlythankhim.YukikoDuke

BEFOREYOUBEGINOrigami is not difficult. There is no need for specific articles orspecial knowledge to fold.All you need is a square piece of paper.You can buy origami paper inAsian specialty stores, arts and craftshops, and certain paperies, but these are not at all necessary forsuccess.

AsNorioexplains,“Ihavefoldedorigamibyusinganythingfromthefinestwashi—Japanesepaper—todollarbillsandpagesfromthephonebook.Butdoyouknowwhat turnedout tobe themost idealpaperforfolding?Regularbrownwrappingpaper!”

Some origami crafters will make cuts in their square piece ofpaperinadvanceinordertocreatetheirmodels.ButNorioTorimotobelievesthatthechallengeliesinexploringallthepossibilitiesofthesquared piece of paper. Therefore, he only uses scissors in onetraditionalorigamimodelofthisbook.

Althoughsomemodelsrequiremorestepstocompletethanothers,noneofthesemodelsaredifficulttocomplete!

SymbolsInordertomaketheinstructionseasiertoread,Norio’sdrawingsareaccompanied by symbols. Learn to recognize the meaning of thesesymbolsandthefoldingwillbecomeeveneasier!

The symbols also open the door to the globalworld of origami.Sincemost of the symbols are internationallyknownyoucan easilyfold using Korean or Polish instructions without mastering thelanguage,aslongasyouknowwhatthesymbolsmean.

BasicFolds

Ifyouhavebeenfoldingforawhileyouaremostlikelyfamiliarwiththe existence ofmultiple basic folds. For the purposes of this bookNoriohaschosen the folds thatmostcommonlyoccur.Moreor lessallorigamimodels—fromthemostfundamentaltothemostadvanced—arebasedonthesesixbasicfolds.Ifyoumasterthesefoldsitwillalsomakeiteasiertocreatemodelsofyourown.

We set out to make the illustrations and instructions asapproachableaspossible.However,themorecomplicatedthemodelsbecomethemorefoldinglinesandmarkingcreases.Thesemayclutterthe illustrations and ultimately seem confusing. In these cases textmayjustconfuse thingsevenmorefor thefolder.Wehave thereforechosen to keep the written instructions as short and informative aspossible.

Norio recommends: “If you are unsure of how to fold anything,jump a few steps ahead in the instructions. By doing so you willusually be able to figure out how you should proceed. And if youwanttomakeabsolutelysurethatyouaredoingthingstherightway,youmaydrawtheillustratedmarkingcreasesonthepaperitself.Thiswillmakethefoldingstepsmoreobvious.Origamiisanequalbalanceofsleightofhandandsleightofmind.”

Acranecouple,foldedoutofasinglepieceofpaper,issoaringoverNorio’sarmchairandastarbox.

INTRODUCTION:SYMBOLS

INTRODUCTION:SYMBOLS

INTRODUCTION:FISHBASEANDSQUAREBASE

4.Foldupbackwardsorawayfromyou,seesymbolintroductionp.14.5.Foldtheinnerflapsdown.

2.Foldamiddlecreasethatyoulateruseasaguide.3.Foldtheleftflapbackwardsandtherightflapforwards.4.Foldthetriangle’sedgestogethersothatyougetasquare.

INTRODUCTION:CRANEBASE,FROGBASE,WINDMILLBASE

1.Firstfoldasquarebase,thenfollowtheillustrationsabove.3.Unfoldthetopflap.

FrogBase

1. First fold a square base. Then fold the left flap towards themiddle, as theillustrationshows,andunfold.2. Insert your index finger in the left flap, as the white arrow shows. Movetowardsthemiddleandpush.3.Repeatsteps1-3threetimessothateachflapisfoldedinthesameway.4.Foldcreases.5.Foldthetopflapup,asillustratedbythedrawing.6.Repeatsteps4-6threemoretimes.

WindmillBase

7.Foldsothatthepointsmarkedonthepapermeet.Thiswillbeeasysinceyouhavealreadycreatedguidingcreases.8.Repeatthreetimes.

Asnow-whitecrane,andapinkflappingcranecircleabovealily.

TRADITIONALORIGAMINobodyknowsforcertainwhenandhowtheartoforigamibegan

inJapan.WedoknowthatthetechniqueofproducingpapercametoJapan, from China though Korea, at the end of the 500s A.D. Thepaper,washi,knowninthewestasricepaper,hasabsolutelynothing

to do with rice. Washi is made out of the fiber-heavy growthmitsumata, the kozo plant or the gampi tree, and it is especiallysuitablefororigamibecauseitdoesn’tteareasily.

In the beginning the paperwas a rare and luxurious commodityandwould only be used forwriting, but in time, they started usingfoldedpaperintempleceremonies.Theartoffoldingwasconsideredsoimportant thatonehadtostudyforyearsbeforebeingallowedtofold.

Nowadaysthiskindofceremonialfoldingismostcommonlyusedin the Japanese giftwrapping traditions.When you buy a gift for aformal occasion you would, for instance, ask the store to attach anoshiaspartof thewrapping—akindof foldeddecorationwhich isattachedtoacordaroundthegift.

Folding of certificates was another kind of early use of foldingtechniques.Afoldedcertificatecouldbeaguaranteeofthequalityofaswordorthevalueofateacup.Todaytheonlytraceofthisfoldingtradition can be found in the word origamitsuki—“equipped withorigami”—whichfunctionsasaguaranteeoflegitimacy.Itissaidthatthese two older versions of origami have been around since theMiddle Ages. The third variety of folding—the variety we todayconsidertobethetraditionalJapaneseartoffoldingpaper—wasmostlikelyformedmuchlater.

Therearecertainreferences topractices thatcouldbeorigami insome accounts from the eleventh century. Among other things it ismentionedthattheemperorAbenoSeimekfoldedbirdsoutofpaperthatlatercametolife.However,wecannotknowforcertainthatthisrelatestotheartoforigami.

TheoldestunequivocalwrittenreferencetowhatwetodayrefertoasorigamimaybefoundinashortpoembytheauthorSaikakuIhara(1642-1693) where he writes: “The butterflies in/ Rosei’s dream/would be origami”.He refers to an origamimodel calledMale andFemaleButterflies,whichisusedtodecoratesakebottlesinweddingceremonies.

By the 17th century the tradesmen had obtained great economicpowerinJapanandthebourgeoisculturewasflourishinginthemanycities.Theartofpaperfoldingwas,presumably,ahighlyappreciatedpastime. In theclassicbookKoshoku IchidaiOtoko (TheLife of anAmorous Man, 1682) Saikaku Ihara writes about the protagonistYonosuke that “one day, when he was seven years old, hedistinguishedhimselffromtheotherchildren.Witharareproprietyhefoldedbirdsandflowersoutofpaper.”

From the 1600s and onward the art of origami quickly evolved.Thefirstbooksfeaturingfoldinginstructionswerepublishedasearlyas the 1700s: Sadake Ise’s book Tsutsumi no Ki (FundamentalWrapping,1764)andAkisatoRito’sSembazuruOrikato(HowtoFold1000Cranes,1797).Neworigamimodelsrapidlyemerged,butmanywere difficult to fold and were therefore soon forgotten. By thebeginning of the twentieth century there were about 150 origamimodelsleft;Theseshapesaretodayconsideredtheclassicmodels.

The Japanese are not the only oneswho have practiced origamithoroughthecenturies.Aslongaspaperhasbeeninexistencesohastheartoffoldingexistedworldwide.

Certain information indicates that the Moors created advancedgeometrical paper shapes as early as the 600s. Perhaps they wereinspiredby somevarietyofpaper folding thathadcome fromAsia.WhentheMoorslaterenteredtheIberianPeninsulainyear711,itisbelieved that theybrought the art of foldingwith them intoEurope.These accounts are unfortunately too vague to warrant a definiteconclusion.

Duringthesecondhalfofthe1400sanotherformofpaperfoldingemergedinEurope.Inthe1490editionofJohannesdeSacroboscos's“TractatusdeSphaeraMundi”afoldedpaperboatisclearlyfeaturedin one of the illustrations. There are references to paper folding inliteratureevenearlierthanthis.

Bytheendofthenineteenthcentury,itwasfirstandforemosttwoEuropeancountriesthathadadaptedastrongpaperfoldingtradition:

SpainandGermany.TheGermanpaperfoldingtraditionlaterspreadacross Europe through the child educator Friedrich Fröbel’s idea ofkindergarten;apreschoolwherechildrenaregiventheopportunitytopracticetheirskillsinordertodevelopintowell-balancedpersons.

But thereareverydistinctdifferencesbetweentheEuropeanandJapaneseartoffoldingpaper.TheEuropeantraditionismainlybasedonfoldinginpatternsofsquares,whereastheJapanesetraditionusesbothtraditionalfoldingbasesaswellassquarepatterns.Thisgivesaninfinitenumberofpossibilitieswhenconstructingnewmodels.

Duringthe1600s,origamibecameapopularpastime,inparticularforthebourgeoisieinthecities.

Noriousedtwodifferentstalksforthesetulips:Theflowertothefarleftisstandingonstalk1,p.39andthetwointhemiddlearestandingonstalk2,p.40.

THETRADITIONALTULIPWhenthetulipfirstreachedJapanattheendofthe1800sitgainedinstantpopularity.Withinashortperiodoftimetheorigamimodelofthetulipemerged.Thetulipisoneofthesimplestorigamishapes,butitmayeasilybetransformedintootherorigamimodelsandforms.Noriofeltthatthetraditionaltulipmodellookedtooflourished,so

hemadehisownversion,seep.38.Ifyouwish,youmayuseoneofNorio’sorigamistalkswiththetraditionaltuliphead,seep.39and

40.

2.Makeacreasebyfoldingthelowerhalfofthetriangleagainsttheupperhalf.3.Foldtherightcorneragainstthecreasemarkonthelefttrianglewall.4.Foldtheleftcornertotheright.7. Using your finger, open the flap, as pictured, and fold it down toward theupperpointofthetriangle.8.Repeatsteps6-8ontheleftside.11.Makeaholeinthebottomofthetuliphead.ThestalkNoriousedwiththistulipmaybefoundonp.40.

THECRANEInJapantheysay,“Thecranelivesforathousandyears,theturtlefortenthousand.”Bothanimalsarevaluedsymbolsofhappinessandalonglife.There’sanotheroldJapanesesayingthatsaysthattheonewhofoldsathousandcraneswillhaveawishfulfilledbythecrane.Thewishcanbeforalonglifeorforreleasefromdisease.Therefore,peopleinJapanoftenbringgarlandsoffoldedcraneswhentheyvisitsomeonewhoisill.Onedoesnotonlyfoldcraneswhensomethingbadhappens,but

alsotomakesurethatone’scircumstancesremainfavorable.Inthe1600stheeloquentHaikupoetKikakuEnomoto(1666-1707)releasesasighsofreliefafterahecticNewYear’sbustle.Hewrites:“NewYear’sEve/inthemidstofthishustle/asilentcranefolding”.(OnNewYear’sEvetheJapanesedrinko-toso,spicedsake.Enomotofoldsthiswhitecranethat,accordingtotradition,shouldbefastenedonthebottle.)

Fromthecranebase,seep.17

1.Foldtowardsthemiddleonbothsides,anddothesameonthebackside.2.Opentheflapsthatwillbecometheheadandtailfeathers.

CRANECOUPLEInthebeginningoforigami,peoplewouldspeakaboutfoldingathousandcranes,whichusuallyreferredtofoldingacomplicatedimoseyama.Thisisanold,belovedgroupoforigamimodelswherethepaperiscutinordertofoldtwoormorecranesthatareattachedtooneanother.Oneoftheoldestinstructionalbooksonorigami,AkisatoRito’s“SembazuruOrikata”(1797),focusessolelyonthisonesubjectoffoldinganadvancedimoseyamaoutofasinglesquaredpaper.

1.Youneedarectangularpieceofpaper.Sinceyouarefoldingtwocranes,youneedtocuttherectangleinthemiddle,asillustrated.Youwillthenendupwithtwosquares.Followtheinstructionsclosely,orthecranesmayendupattachedinthe

wrongway.2. From this point you fold two separate square bases, p.i6, followed by twocranefolds,seep.17andp.24.

FLAPPINGCRANEThisisthetraditionalcranemodelthatspearedNorioTorimoto’sdecisiontodedicatehislifetoorigami.Asachild,hewitnessedan

actorfoldthiscrane,andhewasabsolutelyamazed.Anditisamazing!Itisalsoquiteeasytofold,whichNorioquicklyrealized.

Fromcranebase,step5,seep.17

1.Foldintowardsthemiddle.Turnthebasearoundandrepeatontheotherside.2.Makesureyoufoldthetailflapinlinewiththeabdominal.Leaveaspaceofabout2-3mm/ in.

FROGInJapanesethewordforfrogiskaeru.Ifthesamewordiswrittenwithadifferentchinesesignthewordmeans“cominghome.”InoneofthepoetrycollectionsofthefamousauthorFujiwarano

Kiyosukes(1104-1177)hesharesthebackgroundofapoemhehadwritten:“IwasoutragedbyawomanandtoldherthatIneverwantedtoseeheragain.However,IrealizedthatattheendofitallIreallydidcareabouther—ifpossible,IcaredmoreaboutherthanIhadbefore.Withablue-andwhite-stripedpaperIfoldedafrogthatIsenttoherwiththefollowingpoem:“Wordsthatwerenotthoughtthrough/flewoutofmylargegape/Inowregretinsilence.”(Thisfrogmodelis,however,ofasignificantlylaterdatethanthe

poet’s.)

Fromfrogbase,seep.17

2.Foldthetopleftflapupwardstorevealanevendiamond-shapedflap.4.Repeatsteps3-4ontheremainingthreeevendiamond-shapedflaps.6.Fold theupper flapdown in thedirection the circles illustrate.At the sametime,foldtheleftflapoverthemiddle.9.Repeatsteps5-8tocreatetheleftfrontleg.

Frog

10.Turnaroundtodothebackleg.11.Foldtherightlegattheangletheillustrationshows.Atthesametime,foldthetopflaponthemiddle.14.Repeatsteps11-14ontheleftside.

Nils,theheroofapopularSwedishfairytale,fliesonGoose1overafamilyoffrogs.

LILYInJapantherearefifteendifferentkindsofwildlilies.Foralongtimelilybulbswereusedasamedicinalgrowthaswellasinfoodpreparations.Itwasnotuntiltheendofthe1800sthattheystartedgrowingtheflowerforitsbeautyintheirgardens;butwhentheydiditquicklyroseinpopularity.

Fromfrogbase,seep.17

1.Foldtheflapdown.Youarenowleftwiththreeflapsthatpointupwardsintheexact samemanner. Fold themodel on itsmiddle, flip the flaps out and foldthemdownaswell.2.Foldthetoprightflaptowardstheleftasillustrated.Thenfoldthelowestrightflaptowardstheright.Turnthemodel.4.Fliptheflapslikeyoudidinstep2andrepeatsteps3-4onthethreeremainingdiamond-shapedflaps.6.Flipandrepeatsteps5-6threemoretimes.Shapeasyouplease.

STARBOXThisfoldreallyseemsmagical.Youtakethealmostcompletedmodel,pushitoutfromtheinside—andgetaperfectlyshapedbox.It’saclassicthathasthrilledgenerationsofchildren.Ifyoudoitwithaslightlystifferandmoreresistantpaper,youcankeepcandyinitforchildren’sparties.

Fromsquarebase,seep.16

4.Turnthemodelaroundandrepeatsteps1-4011theoppositeside.8.Turnthemodelaroundandrepeatsteps6-8ontheoppositeside.

Youmaymakemanydifferentvarietiesofthesanbomodel.Fromtheleft:sanbo3,sanbo2andsanbo1.

SANBO1Asanboisatraditionaltraytableconsistingofwood(san)andleg(bo)thatslowlybecamefour.Thetableisusedforceremonial

purposes.ThesacrificetoGodinatempleisplacedonasanbo.

3.Fromhereyoufoldasquarebase,seep.16.7.Repeatsteps5and6.8.Foldthetoprightflapatthemiddle.Turnandrepeatontheoppositeside.10.Turnaroundandrepeatontheoppositeside.11.Folddownwards.12.Turnaroundandrepeatontheoppositeside.

SANBO2Youcanfoldsanboanumberofdifferentways,dependingonhowyouwantittolook.Noriousesthesanbomodelasabaseformanyofhisowncreationssoitmightbeagoodideaforyoutoknowsomedifferentvarietiesofsanbo.

FromSanbo1,step8,seep.33

4.Repeatsteps1-3.

SANBO3Here’sanothervarietyofsanbo,whichNoriooftenuseswhenheiscreatingneworigamimodels.Thismodelisusefultoknow.

FromSanbo2,step2,seep.34.

1.Foldtheupperflapinwards.2.Turnaroundandrepeatontheoppositeside.3.Foldtherightflapoverthemiddle.Turnthemodelaroundandrepeatontheoppositeside.4.Foldtheinnercorners.6.Turnaroundandrepeatontheoppositeside.9.Open.

TheelephantisplayingwiththeTyrannosaurusrex,whiletheTorimotosaurusissearchingforleavesontheground.

NORIO’SMODELSNorioTorimotohasbeen constructinghisownorigami shapes sincehewasateenager.Mostoftenhewillusetraditionalorigamimodelsasabase,andthenchangethemintoavarietyofshapes.

Who would have thought that models such as the turtledove,

elephant,doveandswan familywereactuallyallbasedon thesameform—the fish base? Or that a simple crane base hides behind thefinishedarmchair,cityhallorbirdnestmodels?Not tomention thatthe frog base can be transformed into a Tyrannosaurus rex or aToriniotosaurus with just a few manipulations? Fold and try todiscoverhowNoriohasusedtheclassicbaseforms.

NORIO’STULIPNoriohasalwaysthoughtthatthetraditionaltulipistooopenandthereforelooksoverlyflourished.Hecontemplatedhowhecouldcreateanewlysprungtulip—andcameupwithasimplesolution.

1–2.Foldcreasesasillustrated.6. Fold the right corner of the triangle up against the top of the triangle, andunfold.7.Foldtherightcornersothatitstipmeetstheleftcorner,andunfold.8.Foldsothatthepointsmeetasshownintheillustration.Thefurtherdownthetipyougetthetighterthefinaltulipheadwilllook.9. Insertyour indexfinger in thepocketasshown.Move the lower tipagainsttherightasyouseeintheillustration.11.Repeatsteps6-10.12.Foldbothofthetulippetalsonthemiddle.13.Carefullymakecreasesat thefootofthepetals.Widenthetulipat thetop,

whileatthesametimecarefullypushingthebottomofthetulipupwards.14.Foldthesideedges,andbottomtipinwards.15.Makeaholewhereyoucaninsertthestalk.

STALK1Ifyouwantthebalancebetweenthetulipandthestalktolookasrealisticaspossible:Makethestalkoutofapieceofpaperthatisoneandahalftimeslongeronthesidesthanthetulipsquare.

1.Firstdosteps1-5ofNorio’stulip.4.Foldtheuppertipdownsothatthetipmeetsthemiddlecorner,andunfold.5. Fold the lower tip against the circled point illustrated on the drawing. Thefoldedflapwillbealignedwiththecreaseyoumadeinstep4.8.Ifyouwishyoumayshapetheleafwithapen.

STALK2Thisisastylizedversionofthetulipstalk,butitissteadierthanthefirststalk.Ifyouwantthebalancebetweenthestalkandtulipheadtolookasrealisticaspossible:Makethestalkoutofapieceofpapertwicethelengthasthetulipsquare.Youmayexperimentwithavarietyofproportions.

1.Foldyourwaytostepthreeofthefishbase,seep.16.2. Fold both the right and left flap of themiddle triangle towards themiddle.Startfromthetopandpush.Insertyourindexfingerinthepocketthatappearsonthebottomleft.Nowyouwillseeanedgedflapontheleftside.Shapethissothatthemodellooksliketheillustrationofstep3.Repeatontheoppositeside.7.Foldtheflapsonbothsidesdown,sothattheymeetthelowercircledpoints.9.Foldtheedgesasillustrated.10.Movetheendssothattheymeet.11. Fold a flap down over the meeting point andmake sure that it locks themodeltogether.

ELEPHANTAcompletelyirresistiblelittlefellow!Thefinishedmodelmaylookverycomplicated,butitissurprisinglyeasytofold.ItisNorio’slittledetails—likethefoldingoftheears—thatmakethissotruetoarealelephant.

Fromfishbase,seep.16

1.Turnthemodelaroundandflipitsothatit’ssideways.

7.Foldthetopflapbacksothatthemodellookslikeillustration2.Repeatsteps2-7,butfoldupwardsthistimearound.8.Grabthetipandfolditonthemiddlesothatitslimstohalfthewidth.Atthesame time, alsomove the tipupwards.You should then seeone edgeon eachsideofthetip.9.Takeholdofthepointwherethetipreleasesthetwosideedges.Movethetiptotherightsothatanaccordionfoldappears.Foldsothat thetipispointedasshowninstep10.11.Folddowntocreatewhatwillbethehead.13.Foldthemiddleflapdown.Hideitundertheouterflapthatwillbecometheneck.14.Foldtoroundtheshape.

Elephant

17. Inorder tomake the trunkslimmer,youarenowgoing tounwrap the lastfold.Theheadshouldlookliketheillustrationinstep16.18.Foldthefrontpartofthetrunkandthendothepleatyoudidinstep16.Turnaroundandrepeatontheotherside.20.Foldtheflapsthataretobecomethefrontlegsbackwardsonbothsidesofthebody.21.Foldthefrontpartofthefrontlegdowntocreateacrease.Turnaroundanddothesameontheotherside.22. Fold the front part of the front leg upwards toward the elephant’s chin inordertocreateanothercrease.

23.Foldthefrontpartofthefrontlegdownagainstthefrontofthebody.Atthesame time, fold an edge in themiddle of thepart that’s to become the leg, asillustrated.Adjustthelegsomewhat,sothatitgainsalittlewidth.Turnaroundandrepeatontheotherside.26.Thisiswhereyoudecidehowchunkyyourelephantshouldbe.Ifyouwanttomakeacalfthenaimforaslimmerbody.Ifyoudothat,themodelwillhavealargerheadinproportiontoitsbody,whichmakesitlookssmall.

Elephant

30.Foldtocreatebacklegs.Ifyoudon’t,thelegswillendupstickingtogether.Fold the flaps thatwill become the front feet, as illustrated. Spread the legs alittleandmovethetaildown.32.Foldthefrontfeetuponbothsides.33.Shortentheneckbycreatinganaccordionfoldtofoldtheheaddownwards.34.Youmayshapethetrunkandtail,aswellasmovetheheadaround,asyouplease.

FRIENDSHIPDOVEThisdoveisoneofNorio’smostinternationallyfamousworks.OurSwedishorigamimastercreatedthisperfectlyshapedmodelonthethresholdofthenewmillennium.

9.Unfoldandrepeatsteps7-9ontherightside.11.Grip the lower tip of the paper, pinchboth sides of themiddle crease andguidethetiptowardstheright.Foldtherightedgeunderneaththeleft.12.Placeyourindexfingerinthepocketthatappearsinthelowerflap.14.Move thewhole flap towards the left.Asmall squareshouldappear in thebase.Theflap’stipshouldbepointingstraightup.Insertyourindexfingerintheflap and carefully pull downwards, making sure that the paper does not tear.Flattentheflap.15.Foldawayfromyoubehind thebottomshape.Steps15-20foldas thefishbase,seep.16.

17.Folddownsothatthetwotipsmeet.18.Movetheflapsshowedintheillustrationupwards,andpush.

FriendshipDove

21.Carefullyplaceyourthumbinthelittletriangletotheleftandpressdownsothatarectangleappears.Repeatontheotherside.Youwill thenendupwithatip.22.Foldthetipdownbehindthelowerrectangle.24.Foldso that thewhite tipbehind theheartmeets themarkercrease.Whileyou’refolding,makesurethatyouholdtheflapunderneaththehearttogether.Ifyoudon’t,coloredlineswillshow.25.Foldbacktostep24.26. Fold marking creases in the shape of a triangle right below the diamondshape’smiddle.Takeholdofthepointthat’smarkedwiththeuppercircle,move

ittowardsthemiddleofthetriangleandfold.Taketheflapontherightandfolditontopasalid.27.Unfoldandcomebacktotheshapeinstep24.28.Folddown.29. Fold the upper flap up towards the left so that its side is alignedwith themarkingcrease.Dothesameontheotherside.30.Foldsothattheillustratedpointsmeet.Youwillthengetatipthat’spointedupwards.Foldthetipdowntowardstheright.31.Pull thetipupsothat it isstanding.Grabtheedgesonbothsidesandfoldopen. Press the standing tip towards the right, while also folding a flapunderneathit.32.Younowhavefourlinesunderneaththetip.Foldsothatthelinesareparallelwiththemiddlecrease.33. Fold the heart shape upwards.Make sure that you fold so that you get aproperV-formatfoldasillustrated.Ifnot,theheartwillenduptooclosetotheactualdove.34.Firstfolddownthethintipthatwillbecometheheadandneckandmakeamarkingcrease.Foldandinsertyourthumbinthetipitself.Openalittlebitandfoldoutwardstocreatethehead.35.Doanaccordionfoldtocreateabeak.Thenfoldtheneckinwardsabitandfoldthecheeksover.

FLAPPINGDOVETheworldoforigamicontainsamultitudeofbirdmodels.Thissimpledovemodelcapturesthebird’scharacternicely.

Fromfishbase,step3,seep.16

1.Ifyouwantadovewithcolor,foldwiththecoloredsideofthepaperfacingoutwards.2.Unfold.4.Foldacreaseandfoldback.Repeatontheotherside.6.Foldthelowertipintothesquarebase2,seep.16.8.Foldinwards,underneaththesquarebase.10.Foldsothattheupperandlowertipsmeet.11.Foldthesideflapsintowardsthemiddle.12.Fromhereyoufoldsteps30-32ofthefriendshipdove,seep.45.Note:Theshapeinthemiddlewillbereversed.

13.Foldthelowertiponitsmiddleandcarefullysteertowardstheright.Foldasillustrated.Foldtheotherwingshapeover.

FlappingDove

15.Foldalongtheentiretailpart.Foldthewingover.Repeatontheotherside.20.Foldthebackoftheheadinwardstocreateroundedcheeks.Foldthewingsdownwardsalittleonbothsides.22.Thedovewillflapitswingsifyoupullonitstail.Ifyoucarefullyturnthe

tailinacircle,itwillfly!

SWANFAMILYThissimpleandrefinedswanmodelcanchangeitsoutlookbasedonhowyoubendtheneck.Itcandrinkwater,sailforwardwithitsheadheldhigh,orrestitsheadonitswing.Bymakingmultipleswansindifferentsizesandgivingthemdifferentpositions,youcancreatetheimpressionofaherdorfamily.

Fromfishbase,step6,seep.16.

1.Take the top flapand fold it so that its tip touches thepointmarkedwithacircle.Thenunfold.2.Repeatintheoppositedirection;thisleavestwomarkingcreasesthatformacross.

3.Grabbothsidesofthetopflapandpushthemiddleinwards.Steeritupwardsandtotheleft.4.This shouldgiveyouapointy tipat themiddleof thepaper.Flatten thisasillustrated.5.Turnthepaperandfoldtheleftflapagainsttheright.Thefoldededgeontheleft should be aligned with the tip of the flap underneath, as the illustrationshows.(Thismeansthattheleftflap’stipwon’tendupexactlyontheright,butwillbeatadbitontheoutside.)6.Foldtogetheroverthemiddle.7.Foldwhatwillbecomepartoftheleftwingastheillustrationshows.Makeacrease.9.Foldtheswanneck.Taketheupperflapandfolditonthemiddle,sothatit’shalfaswideasitwas.Foldfromthetipdowntothebase.Whenthewingstartstoaimupwards, insertyour index fingerbetween thewingand thebody.Foldthewing.Turnandrepeatsteps7-9onotherside.

SwanFamily

10.Insertyour indexfinger into thesmall triangularpocket.At thesametime,steerthetopflapupwardsasillustrated.Turnandrepeatontheotherside.11.Foldthewingdown.12.Turnandfoldtherightwingthesamewayyoudidtheleft.14.Turnthemodelsothatyouhavethetailfacingtowardsyou.Carefullypullout thefoldsfor thehead.Foldthecheeksdownover theneck.(If this ishardyoumaydrawouttheguidelinesandfoldinaccordancewiththelines.)16.Doanaccordionfold.18. Do an inwards fold and an accordion fold on the tail to get it to pointupwards.Roundthechestbyfoldinginwardsontheleftandrightside.

ARMCHAIRWhowouldn’twanttoleanbackinthischarmingarmchair?Itishardtobelievethatthismodelisactuallyawelldevelopedcranebase.

Fromcranebase,seep.17

1.Foldthetopflapdown.2.Foldacrease,andunfold.3.Pushthesmalltriangleupwardssothatitpointsstraightup.Setbothofyourindexfingersinthesmallpocketsthatappear.Atthesametime,pushwithyour

thumbfromabove.5.Foldcreasesastheillustrationshows,andunfold.6.Steertheupperleftfoldsothatitpointsstraightup.Insertyourmiddlefingerin thepocket thatappears in the flap.Push from theoutsidewithyour thumb,andflatten.Repeatontheotherside.9.Foldacrease,whileatthesametimeinsertingyourindexfingerinthepocketthatappears.Foldinplace.10.Repeatontherightside.

Armchair

11.Folddownbothoftheupperflaps,astheillustrationshows.12.Foldthepartthatwillbecomethearmrestinunderthefuturelegs.14.Foldthepartthatwillbecomethearmrestinunderthefuturelegs.17.Foldtwice,seesymbols,seep.14.18.Repeatsteps16-18ontherightside.19.Foldthelowertipinwardsabit,andthenfoldthefootrest.

Aswanfamilyglidingonthelakewiththecityhallinthebackground.

THECITYHALLFROMTHECRANEBASEInJapantheCityHallofStockholmisknownas“thehousewheretheNobelbanquettakesplace.”Norio’smodeloftheCityHallwasoncesoldasatouristsouvenirintheformofaplacemat.ItbecamegreatlypopularamongJapanesetouristsandquicklysoldout.

Fromcranebase,seep.17

1. Turn so that you have the part of the model that’s split pointed upwards.Unfold.3.Createanelevatededgeofthemiddlecrease,asillustrated.Griptheleftandrightflapsandfoldthemasclosetothemiddlelineaspossible.5.Fold thebottomthatwillbecometheactualbuilding.At thesametimefold

thespike’ssidesbackwardsalittle.Whenyoufoldthelowerflapupwards,lockthesideflapsatthesametime.7.Makesuretomakethefrontslimmeraswell,asillustrated.(Themeasurementstick on the right illustrates howmuch you should fold inwards.) 8. Fold theupperflap.9.Foldthelowerflapaswell.10.Foldthespike’sfrontpartdownoverwhatwillbecometheactualbuilding.11.Turnhalfacircleandfoldtheupperpartofthespike’sfront.12–13.Foldanaccordionfoldandunfold.14.Foldopentheleftflapofthespike’supperpart,sothatthewhitesideofthepapershows.Repeatontherightsideandlockbyrepeatingtheaccordionfoldfromstep12.15.Foldthetipofthespikedowntowardsyou.16-17.Turnandfoldthespike’supperpartmakingitslimmer.

CityHallfromtheCraneBase

20.Foldinthetopflapofwhatistobecomethebuilding.21.Foldthespike’sbacksideupwards.23.Doanaccordionfold.

CityHallfromtheCraneBase

25.Makethebacksideofthespikethinner.26.Doanaccordionfoldinordertomaketheroofemblem.Pinchunderthetipsothatyoucanformabulb.27.Foldtomaketheupmosttipslimmer.28. Turn the model and adjust so that the backside’s roof decoration fits thefront.Thebacksideshouldnotbesowidethatitshowsfromthefront.Foldthemodeloverthemiddle.

CityHallfromtheCraneBase

31–32.Folddown,andaround,tolockthemodel.33–34.Ifyouwant,youmaycarefullyopenalittlebitofthetip-likeshapethattopsthespike.Thiswillgiveanillusionofthethreecrowns.

BIRDNESTThisnicebirdnestmaybevariedinanumberofways.Youcaneitherfoldtwobirdsinthehouseandoneheartoneachside,oryoucantransformoneoftheheartssothatyougetthreebirdsinthehouse.

Fromcranebase,seep.17

1. If youwish theheart tohavecolor, youhave to remember to foldwith thecoloredsideof thepaper inwards.Youshouldhave thesplitpartof themodelpointingupwards.Foldasillustrated.4. Fold the upper right flap towards the left. Then fold the bottom left flaptowardstheright.5.Foldboththefrontandbackflapdown.6.Thetwotipsaretobecomethefemalebirdandthebabybird.Pullthelongerof the two tips towards the shorter one, this way the female and chick comeclosertoeachother.7.Foldthetwocreasesasillustrated.Foldtheuppercreaseoverthelower.Afterthis,foldthefemalebird’sheadasyoufoldedtheheadofthefriendshipdove,

steps34-35,p.45.9.Foldinwardstocreateamoredelicateneck.Thenfoldtheheadovertheneck.Repeatonthebackside.10.Thechickisfoldedinthesamewayasthefemalebird,exceptitisdoneinthe opposite direction. You now have the opportunity to adjust the distancebetween thefemaleand thebaby.11.Foldcreaseson theupper flap,basedonthetrianglebelow.Thelinesshouldlooklikeacross.13.Insertyourindexfingerwherethewhitearrowontheillustrationispointing.Gripthecrosspointofthetwocreases,illustratedbythecircleontheleftside,between your thumb and index finger. Carefully guide the paper towards theuppermark,illustratedbythecircle.14. Insertyour index finger in thenewshape thatnowappears.Grip theedgemarkedbythecircleandsteerittowardstheleftsothatitmeetstheuppercirclemarkedontheillustration.

BirdNest

15.Carefullypullthefoldedflap.16. Insert your index finger in the little boat-like shape to the right you justmade.Openandletthetwoillustratedpointmeetsothatasquareappears.20.Foldthetipoftheleftflapupwards,soitisalignedwiththebirdnest.Placeyourthumbontheedgeandat thesametime,foldwhatwillbecometheheartbackwards.Youwillnowseetheshapeofaheartemerging.21.Repeatsteps18-21ontherightside.22.Maketheheartshapeevenmorevisiblebyfoldingtheflapsbehindtheheartawayfromyou.23.Foldthelargeflapupwards,turn,andfoldasecondheartshapebyrepeating

steps14-22.(Ortrytofigureouthowtomakeanotherbirdinsteadoftheheart.)24.Shapethebirdsbymakingthemslimmerandfoldtheheartshapeinwardssothatthebirdhousecanstand.26.Foldtherightflapawayfromyou.

Thefemalebirdislovinglyfeedingherlittleonesinthebirdnest.Inthedescription,weonlyillustratethebaseformwithonechick;seeifyoucanfigureouthowyouwouldfoldthisvariety.

TYRANNOSAURUSREX

NoriohasmanagedtotransformalilybaseintotheCretaceousperiod’smostfearedanimal;theterrifyingTyrannosaurusrex.Therealdinosaurcouldbeuptofortyfeettall,buthereweftitintoasmallsquaredpaper.

Fromfrogbase,seep.17.

2. Turn the model and fold the small triangle upwards. Take the other threetriangleshapesandfoldthemupaswell.3.Makesurethatyouhavefourlayersofflapsontheleftside,andfourlayersofflapsontherightside.Steertherighttopflaptowardstheleftandthebottomleftflaptowardstheright.

4.Folddown.5.Turnthemodel.6.Takethetopleftflapandfoldtowardstheright.7.Grip the two tips and divide them so that the shapewidens. Fold the littletriangledownandsteerback.8.Foldtwolayersofflapsfromrighttoleft.Repeatsteps7-8.10.Foldoneflapfromlefttoright.12.Foldthetoplayerofflapstowardsthemiddle.13.Gripthelefttipandsteerituptowardstheright.14.Unfoldbacktostep13.

Tyrannosaurusrex

15. Hold down a piece of the flap that’s pointing upward. At the same time,unfoldthesmallinnerfolds,sothattwoedgesappearoneachsideofthetip.16.Foldtheheaddownovertheneck.Nowyouwillfoldthefrontlegs.Insertanindex finger, where the white arrow suggests, and fold a square. Out of thesquare,foldsteps1-4ofthecranebase.Repeatontherightside.18. Pinch the lower tip of the crane base together and steer it towards thedinosaurbody.At thesametime,placeyour thumbbehind thebase,andpush.Youwillthenendupwithafoot.19.First,folddownandmakeacrease.Thenunfoldandmakeanoutwardsfold.20.Repeatontherightbackleg.Openthemouthandshapeit.21.Dothefeetwithaninwardsfold.Dothefrontfeetwithanoutwardsfold.22. With a few small tweaks you can easily make the model more realisticlooking.Shapetheupperfoldonthehead,sothatitdoesn’tlieasflatagainsttheskull.Thisgivesan illusionofeyes.Experimentwithangles,and thedinosaurwillendupwithavarietyofexpressions.Pushthenoseinwardsalittlesothatitbecomesabitblunt.23.Ifyouwanttomakeababydinosauritisnotenoughjusttochangethesize—youmustalsochangetheproportionsofthebody.Maketheneckshorterandtheheadbigger.

TORIMOTOSAURUSMeetTorimotosaurus,asomewhatmoretranquilcousinoftheTyrannosaurusrex.Thepeaceful,vegetariandinosaurwasoftenseenfoldingleavesintosmallorigamiartworksbeforeconsumingthem.

1.FoldlikeTyrannosaurusrexuntilstep18.2.Foldthefrontfeetwithaninwardsfold.Makesurethefeetareinlinewiththebackofthebody.3.Makethebackfeetslimwithanoutwardsfold.4. Fold the back feet with an inwards fold the same way you did theTyrannosaurusrex.

ThefirstbookswithorigamiinstructionswerepublishedinJapanattheendofthe1700s.Hereyouseeinstructionsforhowtofoldthreeattachedcranesfromasquarepieceofpaper.

Homemadepartykit:anenvelopewithadecorativeheartfortheinvitations,achopstickrest,andapartyhatwithabirdattached.

PRACTICALUSESWhenyouknowthebasicsoforigami,itisquiteeasytofoldorigamiforspecificuses.Whynotdecorateagiftoracardwithorigami?Thisis not onlydecorative and festive, but it is alwayshappily received.Origami is great for decorating a table settingor creatingChristmasornaments.InthischapterNoriopresentssixorigamishapesthatwillmakefestivitiesabitmorefestive.

Goingtoabirthdayparty?Takeacardinanenvelopewithadecorativeheartandapresentinamatchinggiftwrap.

ENVELOPEWITHADECORATIVEHEARTThisisalight-weightenvelopemodelthatyoumayhavetogluealittleattheedges.It’sagreatenvelopeforagiftorflowerbouquet,orforacardforMothersdayFather’sdayorValentine’sDay(Itisbestsuitedforpersonaldeliveryastheheartmighttearoffduringmailing).

1.Foldthesquareinhalfandunfold.Folditinhalfagaintheotherwaysoyouendupwithtwocreases.Thenfoldthelittletriangleaspictured.3.Unfoldeverything.4.Foldthetwolowerpoints,signifiedwithcirclesonthepicture,towardseachothersothattheymeetattheuppercircledpoint.5.Foldasquarebaseoutofthesmallpointedflap.7.First fold theupper flapof thesquarebasedown towards themiddleof thepaper.Thencarefullyfoldtherightrectangularflapdown.8.Foldtheleftcornerofthesquarebasetotheright.9.Foldasinstep7.

12.Insertafingerinthesmallflapaspicturedandgentlypullupwardstorevealarectangularsquare.13.Repeattheprocessontherightside.

EnvelopewithaDecorativeHeart

GIFTWRAPWITHDECORATIVEHEARTIfyouknowhowtofoldtheenvelopewithadecorativeheart,youcanusethesamebasewithaheart(seepreviouspage)tomakesomegreatgiftwarp.Youcanmovetheheartup,down,right,left,forwards,andbackwards.Thisprovidestheopportunitytoshapethegifttheanywayyouwant.Theheartwillendupwhereveryouwant!

Fromenvelopestep16,seep.68

1.Foldtheedgesawayfromyou.Thiswaytheheartwillbeattachedtooneflap,andmaybemovedaroundfreely.

Allreadyfortheparty!Givetheguestadogpartyhatdog,andrestthechopsticksonasmallcat.

DOG—PLACECARDSORCHOPSTICKREST.Noriousuallyfoldsthisdogmodelquitesmallandusesitasachopstickrest.(WhenyousetthetableinJapan,thechopsticksshouldbeplacedbelowtheplateandthetipsshouldberestingonasmallstand,whichisusuallyceramic.)However,youcanjustaseasilymakethedogabitlargeranduseitasaplacecard—orevenjusta

tabledecoration.

Fromfishbase,step3,seep.16

1.Foldacreaseinthemiddleandcontinuefoldingastheillustrationshows.5.Fold the triangle shapeaskew, so that the left sideof the triangle isalignedwiththebase.Unfold.6.Nowfoldthetriangleshapeinthesamewayontheleftside.7.Foldthetriangletogetheroverthemiddleandsteerdowntotheright.9.Foldtheleftedgeofthefrontflapdown,sothatitrestsagainstthetriangle’sloweredge.Unfold.10.Repeatontherightside.11.Foldthetwopoints,markedbycircles,together.Foldtheuppershapethatis

nowshowingdownwards(thepointyflapontherightside.)Steerthefolddowntowardsthemiddlecreaseofthetriangle.Holdtightinplace.Atthesametimegripthefoldthat’smarkedwithacircleandsteerthattothefarleft.Then,steertowardsthemiddle.

Dog—PlaceCardsorChopstickRest

18.Foldtogivethefaceabitmorevolume.Ifyouwillusethisasaplacementcardorchopstickrest,youarenowdone.

19. If youwant tomake the dog look a bitmore realistic, youmaybend andshapethefrontlegalittlemore.

CAT—PLACECARDSORCHOPSTICKRESTThiscatmodelisfoldedverysimilarlytothedogonp.71.Noriousuallyalternatesbetweenusingthedogorcatasachopstickrestathisparties.Butthecatworksjustaswellasaplacementcardortabledecoration.

Fromdog,step2,seep.71

1.Whenyou fold the cat, don’t turn themodel.Fold steps4-15 from thedoginstruction,p.17.3.Foldacrease.Thencarefullywrapastheillustrationsshow.4. Fold the two points, marked by circles, towards each other. Then fold theappearingflapdowntowardstheright.6.Placeyourindexfingersoneachsideoftheheadshapeandbendbackwards.7.Grabthepaperbythetoptipandcarefullypullout.

Cat—PlaceCardsorChopstickRest

9.Foldtheupperflapdownwardsoverthemiddleandflatten.13.Doaninwardfoldbehindtheears.

PARTYHAT—DOGOneofNorio’scolleagueswasonceinvitedtoapartywhereeverybodywasaskedtowearsomethinguniqueontheirheads.Hecouldn’tfindanythingworthwearinginthestoresandthereforeasked

theorigamimastertofoldhimsomesortofpartyhat.Thehatwasagreatsuccess—Norio’sfriendwontheawardforfunniestheadpiece.Thispartyhatisusuallyafavoriteatchildren’spartiesaswell!As

longasyoumakesuretolockitproperly,asdirectedbyNorio’sinstructions,thishatcansurvivemanyawildgame!Trytodrawsomeeyesonthedogaswell!

Fromtraditionaltulip,seep.23

1.Foldtheears.5–7.Foldcreasestomakeacross.Gripthewhitenosetip;Pinchbothsidesofthe

middlelineandsteerupwards.12.Lockbyfoldingtheinnerflapsinwardsonbothsides.Turnandrepeatontheotherside.

PARTYHAT—BIRDNoriowasaskedbyanacquaintanceifhecouldpossiblymakesomesortofbeanieorhat.HewasshowingacollectionofknittedattireatBeckmanUniversityofDesign’sfashionshowcaseandneededaccessoriesfortheclothingThehatwentperfectlywiththeavant-gardecollectionandwasahugesuccess!

1–3.Foldthepaperasillustrationshows.4.Foldtwosquarebases,seep.17,inopposite corners. Then fold two windmill bases, see p.17, in two oppositecorners.5.Thesquarebaseshouldnowbetransformedintoacranebase,seep.17,steps1-4.7.Foldthemarkingcreasecarefully.10.Flattenthesmalltriangleontop,likethearmchaironp.50,steps2-3.12.Foldthecreaseandlaterdoanoutwardsfold.

PartyHat—Bird

15.Repeatsteps13-14andfoldtheleftwing.17–18.Openthebeak.

Thedogs—basedonsanboandsanboa—aresobusywitheachotherthattheydon’tevennoticethecat,madefromsanbob(seepg.80–93).

DOYOUROWNORIGAMIYouhavenowlearnedhowtofoldavarietyofbases,afewtraditionalorigamimodels, and also some ofNorio’s creations.Youmay havenoticedthatcertainbasesandfoldsarerepeatedlyusedinmanyofthemodels.

Astheyearshavepassed,theJapanesehaveusedtheirfantasy—anda limitednumberofbasesand folding techniques—to transformorigami paper into everything imaginable. It is the combination ofpossibilities and limitations within a squared piece of paper thatmakesorigamisoalluring.

Using this book you may, for instance, create the swan family,elephant,dove,andturtledoveoutofasinglebase.Thisseemsalmostunbelievableconsideringhowdifferentallthemodelsturnout.

Manyofthesefinishedshapeshavealsoevolvedintocompletelydifferent models over time. While folding one model you maysuddenly realize that if you take a different route—fold somethingdifferently than planned—the shape will become something elsecompletely.Through this process the number of origami shapes andmodelshasgrownsignificantlyovertheyears.

In this chapter Nori Torimoto explains how an origami makerthinksasheorsheiscreatingtheirownorigamimodels.Hetakesusinsidethemind-setofanorigamimaster,andshareshisphilosophiesandexperiences—allthingsthatareusuallykeptsecret.

SANBOAWhatmodeldoyousuggestasabaseforabeginnerthatwantstomakehisorherownorigami?Tobeginwith,wewillbaseourcreationsonsanbo.Manyknownorigamimastersusethisbase.KoyaOhashi,forinstance,hasrepeatedlyusedthesanbomodel.Whatmakessanbosospecial?Lookatthesanboshape—alreadyintheearlystagesoffoldingthismodelhasfourlegs.Tome,beingsomeonewhohashadsomepracticeintheartoforigami,italmostlookslikeananimal.Ifyouletthemodelcollapse,youwillhaveatleastfourdifferentoptionsfromwhichyoucanbeginyourfolding—likeyoucanseeinthepicturesontheright.Dependingonwhatyouwouldliketodo,youcancollapse

themodelindifferentways,whichwillprovideanarrayofopportunities.IfIstartwiththeAmodelwhichhasalongerbody,whataretheadvantages?Alongbodyisanadvantageifyouwishtobeabletovarytheposeoftheanimal.Youcanmakeitsit,standorrun.Inpracticethisisbecauseyouhavemorepaperleftover,whichgivesyougreatermarginswithwhichtomodelthebody.IfIwanttodotheBorC,twomodelswithashorterbody,whataretheadvantages?Thismodelallowsforgreaterfreedomtomanipulatetheanimal’sfacebecausethemodelisorientedinadifferentdirection.WithByoucanworkonsmalldetailsthatyoucan’twiththeA,suchasmakingearsthatpointupwards.WhatisthedifferencebetweentheBandtheC?Thereisnodifferenceatall.Theonlyquestioniswhichdirectionyouwanttheheadandtailtopoint.WhatcanyoumakeoutoftheD?TheDmakescompact,andabitmorestripped,simplisticmodels.CanyouspecificallyshowmehowIcancreateanewmodeloutofA?IcanshowhowIfoldadog—andhowitbecomesadachshund!Takespecialnoteoftwothings:howyoucanmakethewholedoginonesinglecolorandhowmanydifferentposesyoucancreate.(Thereare,ofcourse,otherwaystogoaboutthis,youshouldexperimentandfindyourownway!)Ifyougivethedoglongerlegsitissuddenlyadifferentbreedalltogether,andyoucanevenmakeitrun!

SanboA

SanboA

4.Repeatontheotherside.5.Repeatontheotherside.6.Doaninwardsfoldonallfourlegs.Itispossibletoturnthepapersothatthewhiteon the legswilldisappear.Try to figureouthowthismaybedone!Youmay also keep the white as a charming characteristic. If you are making adachshund,makelargepaws,whichwillmakethelegsshorter.9.Thedogisnowready.Ifyoumakeitwithsanbo3,seep.35,asabase,thedogwillautomaticallyendupinonesolidcolor.Tryit!Ifyouwantittobeabletorun,foldapleatasillustrated.

SanboA

2. By folding a simple pleat, you canmake your dog assumemany differentposes.Thebackofthebodywillbemoreeasilyadjustableandtheproportionsbetweenhead,bodyandlegsalsoendupbetter.5.Repeatontheotherside.6.Thedogisnowinasittingposition.

SanboA

8.Foldinandup.Repeatontheotherpaw.9.Foldoutanddown.Repeatontheotherpaw.

SANBOBHowcanyoutransformanddeveloptheBmodel?Steps1-5.ThelargerightflapontheBmodelispointedinadifferentdirectionthanontheAmodel,whichmeansotherpossibilities.Thisis

averygoodbasemodel.Experimentwithmakingsomeinwardsfoldsonthelegsandhead.Trytofigureouthowyoucancreatethespecifictraitsofthedifferentraces.HowcanyoumanipulatecharacteristicswhenusingtheBmodel?LookatmyvarietyoftheBmodel.IfyoudotheinwardsfoldsthesamewayIdoinstep1—andmakeadeeperfoldontheneckthanyou’vedonebefore—thefacebecomesbiggerandthedogwilllookupwards.CanImakeanyotheranimalswiththeBmodel?Youcanmakeavarietyofanimalswithfourlegs.NextIwillshowyouhowyoucanfoldacat.Youwillnowletwhatwasthetailonthedog,becometheheadonthecat.Thatisn’tsohard,isit?Iwishtoshowyousomeofmymodels;youmaylearnathingortwobystudyingthem.

Dependingontheangleyoufold,theheadmaybeturnedindifferentdirections.

SanboB

1.Takeaholdofboth the flapsandpull themout.Flatten the futurehead. (Itshouldlooklikearectanglemadeoutoftwosquares.)Foldtheouterflapofthelegin.2.Proceedtofoldtheotherpartoftheleg,sothewholelegendsupslimmer.3.Foldsteps1-3onthefrontrightleg.4.Foldbothsidesofthecat’stail,asillustrated.Foldthetopleftfacialflapsothatitsupperedgeisalignedwiththemarkingcrease.Repeatontherightside.

7.Foldthelegaccordingtotheillustrations.Repeatontheotherleg.(Forsomereason the cat looks farmore realistic if its legs are really short…)8.The catwilllooksweeterifyouroundthefaceandthearcovertheeyes.

SanboB

9.Themodelbecomesevenmorerealisticifitsheadisabittilted.Turntheheadawayfromyou.10.Folddown.Theheadshouldnowbeturnedbacktowardyou.

11.Foldthefrontpaw.12–13.Foldthepawdownoverthefrontleg.Foldthetipoftheotherlegin.Youmayvarythismodelbyalteringtheangleofthelegandtail.IfyoufolditfromSanbo3,seep.35,boththefaceandbodywillbethesamecolor.

SANBODThecatandthedoghaveverysimilarbodystructures.Isitpossibletomakeanimalsthatlookdifferentwithsanbo?Yesitis!IwillnowshowyouhowyoucanfoldanimalsthatstandontheirbacklegsfromSanbod.Wewillusethesquirrelasanexample.IfyoumakethesquirreloutoftheSanbo3model,itwillbeonesolidcolor.

4.Thistimeyouwillfoldthepleatinwardsandsteertheheadfardown.5.Makeacrease,thenunfold.6.Doanoutwardsfold.7. Fold as illustrated. Proceed by gripping the muzzle and steer the snoutbackwards.Earsshouldthenappear.9–10.Nowlookat theears.Itwill lookliketheyhaveagrowthofsomekind.Foldtheflapdownbehindtheearsandcontinuetofoldapieceofthehead.11.Foldanedge.Foldtheedgeinwardsandaimtheflapupwards.12.Repeatontheotherfrontleg.13.Foldthetail.

SanboD

14.Doanoutwardfoldtocreatethetail.15.Carefullypullthetrunkupwards.16–18. Fold the back leg with an inward fold in order to get a proper paw.Repeat on the other leg. 20. Place a thumb behind the ear. Open the ear andflatten.Repeatontheotherear.22.Doanaccordionfoldtogivethefacemorevolume.Insertanindexfingerorthumbinthepocketsatthetopoftheheadandunderthechin.Flatten.Shapethefacetoyourliking.

SanboDButwhatifIwanttomakethelegslonger?Thentherewon’tbeenoughpaper!Youhavepreviouslymadetheheadsmallerandfoldedinawaythatmakesthebodyandlegsseembigger.NowIwillshowyouhowyoucanactuallymakethelegslonger.Inordertodothis,youhavetoknowwhatpartofthepaperyou

willuseforthelegs.Firstfoldasanboandmarkallthelegs.Thenunfold.Wherewill

themarksbe?Mostlyinthefourcorners.Whatdoesthatentail?Itmeansthatinordertocreatelongerlegs,youhavetomakesurethatthere’smorepaperinthecorners.Butweareusingasquaredpieceofpaper.Ican’tchangethat!Ofcourseyoucan!Whenyouhaveunfoldedthepaper,youwillhaveacheckeredsquareof8x8squares.ButnowI’lldosomemagictocreatemorepaperinthecorners.Ifoldacheckeredpatternof10x10squares(figure3).ThenIfold

sothatthepaperlooksalmostlikeawindmill(figure2),seep.17.ThiswayIendupwithasquareof8x8squaresinthemiddleofthewindmillfigure.Inotherwords,Ihavealittlebitlesspaperinthemiddle,andmorepaperalongtheedges.

4.Repeatsteps2-4onthelowerhalfofthepaper.

SANBO,FURTHERDEVELOPED

18.Thisiswhenyouusuallyfoldthesanbolegs,butnotthistime.19.Intheboxontherightyoucanseethebaseyouworkoutofwhenyoufoldaregularsanbo(Sanbo2,p.34)andbasedonthat,theSanboB(seep.81).Attheleftyousee the long-leggedvariety.Fold the right flap.20.Pull the inner flapupwards.

Sanbo2

21-22.Foldbacktothebeginning,step19b.Makeaninwardsfoldtocreatethehead.23.Foldinatbothsidesofthehead,asillustrated.24.Maketheearswithaninwardsfoldlikethesquirrelmodel,seep.88,step9.Foldthetaildown,followedbyanoutwardsfold.25.Makethelegsthinnerbyfoldinginwards.27.Foldthelowerpartofthenoseupwardsonadiagonalsoyoumakeachin,asillustrated.Thenfoldasmallpleatinthemiddle,whileatthesametimefoldingtheupperflapofthelittleshapedown,inordertocreatethenose.

Sanbo2

29–30. Do an accordion fold. Then fold the upper part of the pleat down tocreateeyes.Foldthefourpaws.Sincethelegsarelong,youarefreetoshapethepawsandlegsthewayyouprefer.32.Ifyouwant,shapeanoseasyoudidonthedog,seep.72.

NILSONMÅRTENGOOSE1ThisisoneofNorio’smostfamousworks,bothinSwedenandabroad.YoucanfindafoldedNilsinthehomeoftheNobelPrizewinner

KenzaburoOe,whoreadSelmaLagerlöf’sTheWonderfulAdventuresofNils,asachild.YoucanmakeNilsandMårtenintwoseparatecolors.Trytofigure

outhowtomakethishappen!TakealookatNilsandMårten2onthenextpage,andmaybeyou’llgetahint.(Youcan’tdoittheexactsameway,butitisverysimilar….)

Fromfishbase,seep.16.

1.Foldthelowerflapupandawayfromyou,asillustrated.3.Foldtheupperflapuptowardstherightsothatitisalignedwiththepleattotheright.Thenfolddowntowardstheright,andunfold.Nowyoushouldhavemarkingcreasesintheshapeofacross.4.Takeholdofthetipandfolditinhalf,sothatitslimsdowntohalfitswidth.Steerittowardstheright.Foldlikeillustrated.5.Foldoverthemiddle.

7. Fold an edge onwhat is to becomeNils’s neck. Pinch the neckwith yourthumbandindexfinger,andthensteerthetiptowardstheedgesothatyougetaflatfacepart.Pressdown.8.DoanaccordionfoldtocreateNils’sbeanie.10. Fold the wing so that it is in a 90 degree angle against the goose body.Repeatontheotherside.14–15.Foldtheneckinabit,pullthecheeksoutandfoldthemoverthepleatonthenecktomakethemrounder.

NILSONMÅRTEN2Asmalldetailduringfoldingcanmakeamodelturnoutcompletelydifferent.Here,NoriowillshowushowwemayplaywiththecolorsofNilsonMårten.Picka)ifyouwantNilsandMårtenGoosetobethesamecolorandb)ifyouwantNilsandMårtenGoosetobeinseparatecolors.Wewillbeginwithvarietya:

Fromsquarebase,seepage.16.

1. Fold with the white side of the paper outwards. Fold marking creases, asillustrated.2.Insertyourindexfingerinthesmallpocketformed.Foldthatinlikethefrog'slegs,step2,seep.17.7.Foldthetoprightflaptowardstheleftandrepeatstep2.11. Fold marking creases and fold the flaps on both sides according to theillustration.

NilsonMårten2

12.Foldthesidesinandyounowhaveacranebase.13–14.Takeaholdof the top flapon the left and fold in towards themiddle.Flatten the fold.This is harder thanusual becauseyou can’t insert your indexfingerintotheflapyouareflattening.Grabthetipofthetrianglethathasnowappeared,whileatthesametimegrippingthebaseofthetriangle.Thenflattenandrepeatontheotherside.16.Nowfoldmarkingcreasesbygrippingthetoptipandsteeringitdownsothatitssideisalignedwiththecreaseinthemiddleofthepaper.17.Pinchthetipsothatitfoldsonitsmiddle,haveitstandupwards.18.Foldonthemiddle.19.Thetipthat isnowpointingupwardsisgoingtobecomeNils.Foldsothatthe twowhite points point against their respectivewhite point. Foldblackdot

againstblackdot.Repeatontheotherside.20.Foldthelowerflapandmakeacrease.Then,unfoldandsteeritinunderthewing.21.Repeatontheotherside.22.Steerthewing,onbothsides,downwards.

NilsonMårten2

24. Fold and unfold. Create marking creases in the shape of a cross on the

triangleshapethatliesagainstNils.25.Pinchthetipandmakesurethatitfoldsonthemiddle.Steeritdowntowardstheleft.26.Unfold.

NilsonMårten2

35.Unfold the beak from the underside, as pictured.Then fold over to createsomevolumeinthecheeks.

36.Doanaccordionfoldtocreatethebeak.38.Doanaccordionfoldtoshapethetail.

NilsonMårtenisflyingdangerouslyclosetoaflappingdove.

NILSONMÅRTEN2VARIETYBHerewe’llgiveNilsadifferentcolorthanMårtenGoose.Inordertodothisyouwill,ofcourse,havetouseapieceofpaperwithadifferentcoloronitsfrontandbackside.

1.FoldasvarietyAuntillstep19,seep.96.InsertyourindexfingerinthetipthatistobecomeNils.Takeholdoftheleftinnerflapandpullitout.Repeatontheotherside.TheNilstipshouldnowhavecolor.2–3.Insertyourindexfingerinthesmallpocketthatthewhitearrowispointingtowards.Make sure that thecircle-markedpointsmeet.At the same timegrabthe large flap that will become the wing and steer it towards the left, asillustrated.Repeaton theotherside.Thencontinuebyfoldingfromstep20ofvarietyA.

Ifyoufollowthisfoldinginstructionfromtheendofthe1700s,youcanfoldagarlandofcraneswithonepieceofrectangularpaper.Everyothercranewillhavetheirbackfacinguportheirundersidefacingup.

DALAHORSETheSwedishprovinceofDalarnaaskedNorioifhecouldcreateasimplemodelofthedalahäst(Dalahorse).Hehadpreviouslydoneamorecomplicatedvarietythathefoldedoutofasinglepieceofpaper.

Aftersomethinkinghecameupwiththisdual-coloredmodelofthedalahäst.Bycombiningtwofoldedshapesyoumaymakecompletelydifferent

origamimodels.TheDalahorseisbasedonasquarebase(wherehalfisfoldedlike

acranebaseandtheotherasafrogbase)andsortofawindmillbase.Youwillneedtwosquaredpiecesofpaperandaclip.

Fromsquarebase,seep.16.

Part1:2.Foldcreasesasillustrated.3.Takeholdofthemiddleofthetopflapandfold.4.Foldthetriangledown.5–6.Griptheverybottomofthetwotipsandseparatethem.8. Insert your index finger in the small triangle shape in themiddle. Fold thefront shape togetherover themiddle so thatanedgeappears in the shapeofatriangle.Flipandrepeatsteps1-9onthenext.12.Foldcreases.Foldthebottomtipupwardsandfoldthesidesinwards.Thenfolddown.

DalaHorse

15.Foldacreaseandmakeanoutwardsfold.16.Adjust;Pullthetippointingupwardsalittletotheright.Nowthefirstpartofthedalahästisready.

Part2:1.Fold so thatyouhave7vertical and7horizontal creaseson thepaper (8x8squares).Youwillbeusingthesecreasesasguidelinesasyoufold.3.Foldlikethewindmill,seep.175.Foldonerowofsquaresinwards,anddoanotherwindmillrow.6.Foldsothattheflapsareparallel.

7.Grip the point between both tips on the right side, illustratedwith a circle.Steerittowardstheotherpoint.Takeholdoftheshape’supperandlowersidesandthenpushtogethertowardsthemiddle.

DalaHorse

11.Thetwolongtipswillbecomethebacklegs.IfyoulookatthemodelfrombehinditlookslikeaW.Folddownthelegclosesttoyou.12.Nowlaythefirstpartofthehorseonthebottomandthesecondpartontop.

Placeitsothatthecircle-markedpointsareontopofeachother.13.Foldthelowertipupandfastenwithaclip.14.Foldoutapiecethatbecomesthetail.16.Foldthebackflapontheothersideoftheheadupwards.17.Foldacreaseandthendoanoutwardsfold.18.Thebackofthehorse’sheadshouldbealignedwiththebackflap.Foldthemuzzle inwards a little.NOTE!Make sure that thebackof thehead is layingagainstthebottompaper.20.Foldthefrontflapup.21.Foldthetipintotheflapyoujustfolded.

DalaHorse

22.Foldthetipdownandfolditinthesamewayyoudidontheotherside.Doaninwardsfoldtogetridoftheedgeonthebottom.24.Foldtheleftflapstowardstheright.25.Doaninwardsfold.27.Foldtheleftlittleflapintherightflap.29.Turnandrepeatsteps25-29ontheotherside.30.Formtheearsofthehorse.Pinchthebackheadandshapeanedgeabout¼inchfromthetipoftheear.Foldatinybitofthetipinwards.32.Foldtheedgeofthebacksideinwards,androundthestomach.Doinwardsfoldsonthehooves.

33.Ifyouwantyoucanfoldthelegsslimmerandmoremovable.

GallopingDalaHorse

2–4.Ifyouwantthehorsetobeabletogallopyouhavetounlockit.Unfoldtheflapunderneaththetailandfolditoverthebacklegs.

AhomingairplaneisflyingaboveaDalahorsequietlywalking.

HOMINGPAPERPLANEThethingthatissospecialaboutthisplaneisthatithasfourwings.Thefronttwowingsmaketheplanestrideupwards,butthebacktwowingspullitback.Thismakestheplanemoveinanupwardscircle.Dependingonhowyouthrowtheplane,youcanmakeitmovein

differentways.(Seethepicturesonthenextpage.)Noriowantedtomakeapaperplanethatcouldbethrownindoorswithlittlespaceand

hecameupwiththis.Whenyouarefoldingaplaneitisidealtousea60g/2ozpaper,

15x15cm/5.9x5.9in.big.

6–7.Holdthebackflapsinplaceandunfoldthefrontflapsasthepictureshows.10.Foldthewingdownandrepeatontheotherside.13.Foldoutthewingsandwindthemsothatitlookslike14.

Hold theHomingPaperPlanewith theonewingpointedagainst the floorandtheothertowardstheceilingasyouthrow.Throwinthedirectionofthearrow,horizontally.

IftheHPPdoesn’treturnthewayitshould,trytobendthetailaspictured.

HeadingtowardsTheBrocken?Anolderwitchonaquietflight.

CHALLENGEYOURSELFYouhavenow travelledvery far into theworldof origami.You areabletofoldthebasemodelsandthemostimportanttraditionalshapes.You understand the principles behind the formation of models andmaybeyouhaveevenstartedtoworkonsomecreationsofyourown.

Younolongerneedeverysinglehandmovementexplicitlyexplained.NowitistimeforsomerealchallengessignedoffbyNorioTorimotohimself!GoodLuck!

Toensurethattheseverebulldog’slooksareasrealisticaspossible,itisimportanttoemphasizeitsuniquetraits.

BULLDOGNorio’sintentionhereisthatyoushouldworktoproduceasmuchof

thebulldogyoufeelispossible.Considerthefacialexpressions,themuscularchestandthebow-legs.Bymakingitsstomachandlegsskinnier,youemphasizethechest.Itcanbeespeciallytoughtoexecutethedroppedears;Thisisalso

adetailthatishardtoproperlyexplaininwriting.Thebestwayisjusttoexperimentasyougo.Thisisoneofthechallengesofthisparticularorigamimodel.

1.Firstfoldsevenhorizontalandsevenverticallinessothatthecreasescreateacheckeredpatternof8x8.4. Fold the inner flaps in towards themiddle on each side. Place your indexfingerunderthelowestflapandpullitupwards.Gentlypushthesidesin.6.Foldsothatthelowerpointislyingdownagainsttheupperpoint.7.Movetheupperrightflaptotheleft.Placeyourleftindexfingeronthelowerpointwherethefirstverticalandhorizontalsquaresmeet.Pushfromthetop.

9.Repeatsteps5-9ontherightside.10. Unfold all the folds in the middle on the left side and tuck the left flapunderneath.11.Repeatontherightside.12. Take hold of the point that’s marked with a black circle and fold itdownwards soyoucreate a triangle.Do the sameon the right side so the twotrianglescreateasquare.14.Takeholdof thefront flapandgentlypull itbackwards;whileyoudo thispushfromtheinsidewherethepaperisbendinginwardstoavoidthetearingthepaper.15.Repeatontherightside.

Bulldog

16–18. Fold the upper flaps downwards, as illustrated. Fold a square on thebottom,inthesamewayasinsteps11-12.19.Pulltheupperleftflap,whileatthesametimepushingdownontheedgethatnowappearsontheflap,asyoudidinstep14.Repeatontherightside.21–22. Fold a crease by folding forwards, then unfold and fold backwards aswell.23. Do a sinking fold on the left side, push the triangular shape inwards, asillustrated.Repeatontheotherside.25.Foldtheentiretoplongflapovertheright.27.Foldupandatthesametimefoldtherightcornerin,asillustrated.29.Insertyourindexfingerwheretheillustratedwhitearrowpointswhilealsofoldingdown.Youshouldthengetarectangularshape.

Bulldog

32.Foldthelegdowntohalfitswidth,whileatthesametimesteeringtheupperrightflaptowardstheleft.33.Foldtherightfrontlegliketheleft,steps25-33.35.Folddowntomakeacreaseandunfold.36.Folddownandfoldback.Nowthecreasesshouldshowacross.37.Foldtheflap(thatwillbecometheleftbackleg)downtohalfitswidthandpushsothatitfoldstowardstheright.38.Repeatontherightbackleg.39.Foldandshapethepawsonbothfeet.

44.Foldasmallpleattomakethepawslookmorerobust.

Bulldog

46.Doanaccordionfoldinordertoachievethedog’sdistinctivetraits:thelarge,dominantchestandthesmallerbackpart.48–49. Now you are going to make the tail slimmer.When you fold the tailslimmer,apleatwillappear.Pinchtomakesureitremains.Repeatontheothersideandsteerthetaildown.

50.Foldasmallpleatforthenose.51–53.Foldlikeyoudidonthearmchairmodel,seep.50,step2-3,withthehelpofatoothpickorsimilarobject.55. Take hold of the left inner flap and fold the points in the middle downtowards the left.Thisway theupper flapwill automaticallymove towards theright.Repeatonoppositeflap.56. Lift the flap on the left side and push a part of the flap, as illustrated,inwards.Repeatontherightside.57.Lifttheflapthepictureshowsandflatten.Nowyou’vemadeoneeye.

Bulldog

60.Folddowntheflapthatwillbecometheear.Holdathumbonthefoldnexttoit.Pushthefoldedflapupfromitsunderside.Shapetheear.Thenrepeatontherightear.61.Makethefacerounderbydoinganaccordionfold.Repeatontheotherside.63–65.Foldthepleatintolock.66.Foldasmallpleatoneachsideofthenosetocreatetheillusionofanoseandwhiskers.67.Foldapleatby themouth—both tomake themodelmorerealistic lookingandtolockthefrontpartoftheface.Foldapleattoshapetheears.

WITCHThismodelisfunbecauseitillustrateshowyoucanfoldsomethingprettycomplicated—boththewitchandherbroom—outofasinglesquaredpaper.Thismodelisnotbasedonanyofthetraditionalbasemodels,eventhoughsomeofthewitch’sheadispartlyasquarebase.Themodelalsogivesyoualotofcreativespace:It’suptoyouto

decideifthewitchisbattlingaheadwindorenjoyingacomfortableflightinatailwind.Youcanalsomakeherancientoryoung.

5.Unfoldcompletelyandfoldthesamewayontheupperedge.6.Foldasshownwiththefriendshipdove,p.44,steps10-14.9.Foldtwelveequallysizedfanpleatsoneachside.10.Folddownasillustrated.

Witch

11.Pulltheflapunderthetriangledowntowardstheright.12–14.Pulloutandpushinasyoudidforthebulldog,step13-14.Thenfoldapleatabove,sothatyougetatriangle.15.Doasinsteps12-14.16.Foldinbehindthenext-to-lastfanpleat,asillustrated.17.Foldoncemorethesameway.18.Pulloutthesamewayassteps12-14.19.Foldinbehindtheflapasinstep16.21.Pulloutandpushinwardsasinsteps12-14.

23.Nowyouwillshapethedress.Insertyourindexfingerasillustratedandfoldapleatontheside.24.Repeatsteps10-23ontheoppositeside.Thenfoldthebodydownbydoinganinwardsfold.

Witch

25.Doanotherinwardsfoldandbendthebodyup.26.Doaninwardsfoldagaintocreatewhatwillbecomethearms.28.Foldthefuturebroomtwigswithaninwardsfold.

29.Foldthetwigsbackwithaninwardsfold.31.Carefully unfold to do the brush itself.At the same time do an accordionfold.33.Foldthetipinwards.34.Foldinsothatitisobviouswherethebrushends.

Witch

35.Foldtheshoulderdownandrepeatontheotherside.

36.Pushtheshafttogether.37.Foldanddoanaccordionfold.38–39.Pull the nose out again andmake a little pleat, as illustrated, to createnostrils.40.Foldapleattomakeears.

Witch

43.Makethejawpointedandtrytocreatethefeelingthatit’sanolderwoman.45.Ifyouwant tocreate theillusionthat thewitchisflyingatafastpaceyoufoldtheclothesslimmer.46.Ifyoufoldapleatonherneck,itwilllooklikeshe’sflyingagainstthewind.

ANGELWITHLUTEThedifficultywiththismodelisthattheangelisdoingmultiplethingsatonce.Itflies,butit’salsorunningatthesametime.Itplaysandsingsatthesametime.Tomanagethecreationofalloftheseelements,youwillhavetokeeptrackofmultipledifferentflapswhileyoufold.AccordingtoNorio,thisistherealchallengeofthismodel.Ifyoucanfoldthismodel,youcanfoldmostanything.Inthismodel,theangelwithlute—-foldedinonesinglesquaredpaper—multipletraditionalbasesareused.Thetrainedfolderwillbeabletorecognizethecranebasewithmanydifferenttransformations.Comparedtomanyoftheothermodelsinthischapter,thisisaveryJapanesemodel,despitethewesternmotif.

Fromsanbo1,step4,seep.33

1. Fold steps 1-4 of sanbo, p.33. Fold with the colored side of the paperoutwards,ifnottheangelwon’tbewhite.7.Repeatsteps2-7ontherightside.12.Steerthebottomtipupwards,whileatthesametimegrippingthetwouppertipsandsteeringthemouttotheside.Carefullyopenthetwofoldssothatyougetasquare.13.Foldcreasesandfoldback.14.Firstfoldsothatthetwopointsmarkedwithawhitecirclemeet.Carefullypinchoneachsideofthetrianglebaseandfoldapleatoneachside.15.Pinchbothsidesofthecreaseatthemiddleofthetriangle.Youwillthengetatipthatpointsstraightup.Foldthatdownwardtowardsthemodel’sbottom,asillustrated.16.Repeatsteps13-16ontheleftside.18.Thelowerflapswillbecometheangel’slegs.Carefullyopensothatyougetatriangle.19.Foldtheleftsideofthetriangleinwards,astheillustrationshows.

AngelwithLute

21. Insert your index finger in the small pocket the white arrow is pointingtowards.Foldlikeasquarebase.22.Foldtheupperlayerofthesquareandthenfoldthesidesinasyoudointhecranebase,seep.17.Thenfoldtheuppertipagainstthelower.23.Foldtherightflaptowardstheleft,asillustrated.Repeatsteps20-23on therightside.24.Foldtwoflapsfromthelefttotheright.26.Foldeightflapsfromthelefttotheright.Repeatsteps24-26.28.Foldfourflapsfromrighttoleft.29.Foldupandin,asillustrated.

30.Foldonflapfromrighttoleft.32.Steerthetoprightflaptowardstheleft.Repeatsteps30-31ontheleftside.33.Foldthefrontrightflaptowardsthemiddle.Insertyourindexfingerinthepocketthatappearsandfoldthetoppaperouttowardstheright.Repeatontheleftside.34.Foldinasillustrated.

AngelwithLute

35.Foldthetip(futurerightarm)whileatthesametimesteeringitdownwards

asillustrated.36.Fliptwofoldstowardstheleft.Repeatsteps31-35,followedbyfoldingonefoldbackfromlefttotheright.38.Makesurethatyouhavethesameamountoffoldsontheleftandrighthandside.Makeaslightlycrookedaccordionfold.39.Tocreateroundercheeks,roundthetipsonthefacewithinwardsfolds.40.Therewillbetwotipsontheshoulders;foldthemintomaketheshouldersrounder.43.Doanaccordionfoldtocreatetheshapeofthelute.

AngelwithLute

45.Foldintomaketheneckoftheinstrumentthinner.47.Roundthecornersontheresonanceboxwithaninwardsfolds.49.Doaccordionfoldsonbothsidestomaketheangel’sbacksideandfoldthewingsout.51.Shapearmsandlegs.

AngelwithLute

53. a. Fold the top forwards, as illustrated, and carefully pull the back paperapart.53.b.Foldtheedgesinandshapetheheadasillustrated.53.c.Thisfoldwillgivetheheadvolume.53.d.Doanaccordionfoldonthearmsandatthesametime,foldoutthetipstocreatehands.53. f–g. Insert the fingers in the gap that looks like the strings.Thiswayyoulockthehandsandyouwon’thavetogluethem.Itlooksliketheangelisplayingthechordswithonehandandstrikingthestringswiththeother.Ifyouwanttochangetheshapeyoumightneedgluetoensurethatthefoldstaysinplace.54. Carefully pull the backmost layer on the wings upwards a little to create

somevolume.

SUBMARINEThisisacombinationofamultitudeofwholeandhalfsquares.Thebridgeisfoldedoutofasquarebase,butotherthenthatthismodeldoesn’tfollowanytraditionalJapaneseorigamibases.Inthismodelthechallengeliesinthefactthatyourfoldshavetobe

perfectrightfromthebeginning;Iftheyaren’t,youwon’tbeabletoconstructthisboat.Youneedalargersizedpaper,about14xl4in./35x35cmand15-20

paperclipstofoldthesubmarine.

1.First,fold31horizontalandverticallines,sothatyouendupwithacheckeredpatternof32x32squares.2.Unfold.7.Repeatsteps4-7ontheleft,verticalside.8.Foldlikethefriendshipdove,seep.44,steps11-12.

Submarine

10.Foldthebottomrightedgelikeasquarebase,seep.16.13.Foldtwoaccordionfolds.16.Unfold.

Submarine

17.Makesurethattheupperpoints,markedwithcircles,arefoldedsothattheyarelyingagainstthelower.20.Foldthetipin.

Submarine

22.Foldsothataboatshapeappears.Lockthepleatwithaclip,asillustrated.23. Now you are going to fold the upper part of the boat. Start by folding amountainpleatbehindwhatlookslikearailing.Thencarefullyworktherestoftheupperpartdown.24.Foldinwardsagain,likeyoudidinstep23.25.Foldinwardsonemoretime,likeinstep23,behindthelineatthefarbottomofthesideoftheboat.Repeatthedownwardsfoldofthewholeupperpartofthe

boatthatyoudidinstep23.

Submarine

26.Foldsothatthepleatisalignedwiththehulloftheboat.27–29.Shapethebridge.30.a.Nowyouaregoingtofoldtheinsidesoftheaft.Noriohaschosentoonlyshowtheboat’saftforthesakeofintelligibility.Foldtheleftbacktipagainstthepointmarkedwith a circle. (Use the checkeredpattern as aguide, foldby the

thirdsquare.)Nowthepaperwillmoveupasahandfan.Insertyourfingerinthebottomofthefanshapeandflattenit.Youshouldthengettheboatshapeofstep31.

Submarine

32. Take the upper left flap and fold it down towards the right, by the fourthsquare.Carefullyfoldtheupperedgedown.Then,foldatuckintherightcorner,asthearrowshows.(Ifyoudon’t,thepaperwilltear.)33.Repeatsteps30-33on

therightside.34.Foldthechimneydown,asillustrated.

Submarine

35.a.Roundthechimneyandfoldapleatoneachside.35.b.Steeroneofthepleatsintotheothertolocktheshape.36.Foldapleatbythesecondorthirdsquareonbothendsandfoldasmalledgedowntolock.(Ifyoufoldbythethirdsquareit’seasiertolockiteffectively.

Submarine

39.a.Pushupbytheblackarrowssothattheboatget’sadeck.40.Thesubmarine isnowdone. Insteadofgluing it,moisten thewholemodelwith a spray bottle. Let it dry. Repeat a couple of times, before you finallyremovethepaperclips.Theboatshouldnowkeepitsshapeonitsown.

TheAngelwithLuteisprotectivelyfloatingovertheSubmarineonitswayoutintotheopensea.

Thisisarealchallengefromthelate1700s:acircleofcranesattachedtoeachother.Thisisacomplicatedimoyseyama-model.

St.Georgeinclosecombatwiththedragon.OneofNorioTorimoto’smasterpieces,madewiththeprincipleshe’ssharedinthisbook.

AfterwordIthasbeen fortyyears since I firstcame toSweden.During the70sthe art of origami was almost completely unknown here: I wasnicknamed“thepapermagicman”whenIperformed.Butnomatterwhatpeoplecalledorigami, theywerefascinatedbyit.Iwasinvitedto come and teach my art and suddenly I had students all over

Sweden.I soon realized that therewas a great distinction between how I

saw origami and how my students perceived it. For my Swedishstudents, it was the finished figure that was most important; theprocess of copying it in the best possible way. One of the greatestgoalsforthemseemedtobetofoldthefamouscrane—theonemodelthathascome to symbolizeorigamimore thananyother.After theyhadmanagedtofoldthecrane,whichmostlearnedquickly,theyfeltthattheyhadlearnedenoughandquit.

Forme,origamiisalotmorethanjustcopying:Firstandforemostit is an enjoyable formof creation.For that single reason, the cranehas never been a final goal for me, but rather a beginning. Thisbeautiful, classic model is one of origami’s most important pillars;many groundbreaking shapes are based on this model. It’s whenyou’vemastered the crane and a number of other basemodels, thatyou can finally start your own creation process—and through this,realizewhatorigamiisreallyallabout.

ForalongtimeI’vebeenwonderingwhenmystudentswillstartcreatingtheirownworks.Ipromiseit’snotthathard!Really,itisallaboutyourattitude.Ifyoudecidethatorigamiisaboutcopying,youfailtoseetheendlessopportunitiesthathideinacranebase.

Origamiisnot,asmanyassume,anartthatdemandspecialtalentorextraordinaryskill.Allyouneed isasquarepieceofpaper,somecreativityandtheabilitytothink.

It ismyhope thatmineandYukikoDuke’sbookwillgetpeoplepastthementalbarrier,thatmorepeoplewilldiscoverthepossibilitiesoforigami,andmostofall, the joyandsatisfactionofcreating theirownmodels!

Ifyoufollowtheinstructions,youonlyhaveonesetwayyoucando things. If youmake your own piece youwill continuously havemanychoicesofhowto fold.That’sexciting!Dare to try,and Icanpromiseyouthatyouwillberewarded!

NorioTorimoto

TheoperasingerissittingbythegrandpianoandOlofPalme’sface;bothmodelsarefoldedwithonesinglepieceofpaperbyoneofOrigami’sgreatest:NorioTorimoto.

TheAuthors'ThanksWewanttogiveawarmthankstoallofthepeoplethathaveassistedusinthisprojectinvariousways.AllthegoodpeopleatourSwedishpublishing house Norstedts: Cecilia Kerstell, Helena Lindstedt andEbbaÖstberg;Fromtheverybeginningtheyallunderstoodwhatkindof book we wanted to create. Our editor Per Johansson who, withpatience and humor, has been a great support to us along the way;Mari Hoijer for professional help with the drawings;Maria LannerwhogavethebookitslovelyformandHelenaKarlssonwhotookallthebeautifulpictures.Many thanks toCharlotteHermansson for themeticulousreview.

WealsowishtothankHeadDirectorKoyaOhashiandYuSanoatNipponOrigamiAssociation,TheJapaneseOrigamiAssociation,forall their help and support. Last but not least, wewant to thank ourfamiliesforbeingsopatientandforenduringourendlessdiscussionsandfoldingsessions.

NorioTorimotoandYukikoDuke