WELCOME EVERY ONE

FINAL GROUP PRESENTATION

MEMBERS: FARIA MAHJABEEN

SAZZAD KHAN

TASNIM ZARIN MORTUZA

NAZIA NAWAR

MIRZA REZA

FARAH TUZ MUMU

FACULTY: ROMANA SIDDIQUE

COURSE: BCH101

MILLER-UREY EXPERIMENT

Electric Spark:

One-step reactions among the mixture components can produce hydrogen cyanide (HCN), formaldehyde (CH2O) and other active intermediate compounds (acetylene, cyanoacetylene, etc.):

CO2 → CO + [O] (atomic oxygen)

CH4 + 2[O] → CH2O + H2O

CO + NH3 → HCN + H2O

CH4 + NH3 → HCN + 3H2

The formaldehyde, ammonia, and HCN then react by Strecker synthesisto form amino acids and other biomolecules:

CH2O + HCN + NH3 → NH2-CH2-CN + H2O

NH2-CH2-CN + 2H2O → NH3 + NH2-CH2-COOH (glycine)

Furthermore, water and formaldehyde can react via Butlerov's reaction to produce various sugars like ribose. The experiments showed that simple organic compounds of building blocks of proteins and other macromolecules can be formed from gases with the addition of energy.

COMMUNITY CLAY:

This is the idea that mineral crystals in clay

helped organize the first living cells.

The clay minerals appear to be able to store and

transfer energy through the temporary capture of

highly energetic electrons.

Clay has the ability to act as a catalyst in

important chemical reactions.

Capable of self replication.

an accumulation of chemical mistakes led to life

on Earth

Figure of Clay:

‘“CHILLY START'S THEORY””

DEEP SEA VENT THEORY:

imagine a world of perpetual night

a world where life thrives without

sunlight

a world hidden deep beneath the

sea

In 1977 galapagos rift of south america volcanoes

intrigues geologists

searched for hydrothermal vents

dozens of creatures unknown to science were

found

an unknown entire ecosystem found

found dozens of vents and hundred of creatures

Chemosynthesis

archaea - oldest form of life on earth

hydrogen sulfur (mM) 2.3

sodium ( mM ) 537

silica ( mM ) 20.75

chloride ( mM ) 636

manganese (mM) : 680

calcium 30.8

RNA WORLD HYPOTHESIS:

***RNA world hypothesis proposes that life based on

RNA pre-dates the current world life based on

DNA***

RNA can store information like

protein

DNA & proteins succeed RNA world

RNA does several functions in organisms

Some scientists believe that RNA has

spontaneously risen un the earth

prebiotic soup of RNA molecule

production of short RNA molecule

replication of RNA molecules

synthesis of specific peptides

increasing role of peptides in RNA replication

primitive translation of peptides in RNA replication

genomic RNA copied into DNA

DNA genome translated on RNA protein complex

REMARKABLE DISCOVERY :

Protein synthesizing machinery –RNA

RNA catalyze the formation of peptide bonds

SIMPLE BEGINNING THEORY : Abiogenesis or spontaneous generation

Pseudodoxia epidemia

Through reproduction of microorganism

Biogenesis

Microbes ca be killed by boiling

Organisms do not spontaneously appear in sterile media

PANSPERMIA:

Panspermia means ‘’seeds” everywhere

Philosopher Anaxagoras first gave the

concept

Variations of the theory are Lithopans ,

Ballistic pans and Directedpans

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