osh and jalal-abad solid waste management feasibility ...ak bash 2,507 539 4.65 tashtak 2,661 499...

NOVEMBER 2013 THE EUROPEAN BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT (EBRD)

Osh and Jalal-Abad

Solid Waste Management -

Environmental and Social

Due Diligence NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY FOR JALAL-ABAD

NOVEMBER 2013

THE EUROPEAN BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT (EBRD)

Osh and Jalal-Abad

Solid Waste Management -

Environmental and Social

Due Diligence NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY FOR JALAL-ABAD

ADDRESS C O WI A /S

P arallelvej 2

2800 Kongens Lyngby

Denmark

TEL +45 56 40 00 00

FAX +45 56 40 99 99

WWW cowi.com

PROJECT NO. A 033628

DOCUMENT NO. A 033628-ESDD5-JA-ENG

VERSION 1

DATE OF ISSUE 28 .11.2013

PREPARED P rojec t team

CHECKED LLA

APPROVED

O sh and Jalal-Abad Solid Waste Management - ESDD – Non-Technical Summary for Jalal-Abad

5

CONTENTS

1 Introduction 7

2 Jalal-Abad city 9

2.1 Why improve waste management system in Jalal-Abad city and its suburbs? 10

2.2 Reasons for including largest villages of 6 adjacent municipalities 11

2.3 Who will pay for the improvements? 13

3 Description of the future system 14

3.1 Future waste collection and transportation 14

3.2 Upgrading of Spetsavtobaza premises 15

3.3 Sanitary landfill 15

3.4 Will the waste be sorted at the landfill? 18

3.5 How will the waste be placed at the landfill? 18

3.6 When will the existing dumpsite be closed? 18

3.7 Any alternatives for the Project? 19

3.8 What will be the Project impacts? 21

3.9 Environmental and social benefits of the Project 23

4 Summary of ESAP 25

5 Planned engagement of stakeholders 27

5.1 Who are the stakeholders? 27

5.2 How and when are the stakeholders engaged? 27

5.3 Grievance mechanisms for stakeholders 29


7

1 Introduction

The City Administration of Jalal-Abad with support of the Government of the

Kyrgyz Republic has approached the European Bank for Reconstruction and

Development (the EBRD) with a request for financing of an investment project to

improve solid waste management (SWM) in Jalal-Abad and its surroundings.

The pre-feasibility study was conducted in late 2010. The Feasibility Study for

SWM project in Jalal-Abad and a similar project in Osh was prepared from

November 2012 to July 2013.

The Feasibility Study for Jalal-Abad was carried out by COWI (the Danish

consulting company, the Consultant, contracted by the EBRD) in close cooperation

with the Mayor’s Office of the City of Jalal-Abad (the Jalal-Abad City

Administration), the Representative Office of the KR Government in the Jalal-

Abad Province (the Jalal-Abad Province Administration) and staff of the waste

management operator Spetsavtobaza, a municipal unit established as a department

of the Jalal-Abad City Administration. The Project Proposal prepared on the basis

of the Feasibility Study was presented at a meeting with members of the Jalal-Abad

City Council on 10 July 2013.

During the preparation of the Project Proposal a series of consultations has been

carried out with municipalities of the Suzak District of the Jalal-Abad Province

adjacent to Jalal-Abad. As a result, the following six neighbouring municipalities

have expressed their interest to participation in the Project in cooperation with

Jalal-Abad: Atabekov, Barpy, Kyzyl-Tuu, Suzak town, Tash-Bulak andYrys.

The above listed municipalities are already partially serviced by Spetsavtobaza.

Prior to the preparation of the Project Proposal the Consultant performed a landfill

site selection study in Jalal-Abad area and investigation of site in the Barpy

Municipality of the Suzak District recommended for establishment of the future

sanitary landfill.

In accordance with the EBRD policy and procedures the Bank has launched the

Environmental and Social Due Diligence (ESDD) in parallel with the Feasibility

Study.


8

The present Non-Technical Summary (NTS) is an element of the set of ESDD

documents prepared according to the EBRD Environmental and Social Policy

(2008). The other documents of the set are the Environmental and Social

Management Review, the Environmental and Social Analysis (ESA) of the

proposed Project, the Environmental and Social Action Plan (ESAP), and the

Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP) prepared as separate documents.


9

2 Jalal-Abad city

Jalal-Abad1 is located in the north-eastern part of the Fergana Valley about 600 km

south-west of Bishkek and is the third (after Bishkek and Osh) largest city of

Kyrgyzstan and the second largest city of the southern part of the country (Error!

Reference source not found.).

Figure 1 Location of Jalal-Abad City in Kyrgyzstan

The city is the administrative centre of the Jalal-Abad Province (Oblast) including

8 Districts. The most densely populated areas in surroundings of Jalal-Abad city

belong to the Suzak District of the Jalal-Abad Province. Many of them do not have

borders actually separating the city and the adjacent villages and thus togethern

with the Jalal-Abad city could be considered as a major agglomeration or the

Greater Jala-Abad.

1 The city name with a hypen is in accordance with the Resolution of the KR Parliament

(Zhogorku Kenesh) of June 2008


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2.1 Why improve waste management system in Jalal-Abad city and its suburbs?

The current system for waste collection in Jalal-Abad and its surroundings involves

the collection of solid waste from metal containers placed on the streets (collection

point system), from the kerb-side where inhabitants have placed the waste on the

collection day (kerb-side collection system) and from people bringing their waste

directly to waste collection vehicles signalling at stops along the scheduled routes

(signal collection system). The Jalal-Abad city waste management operator

Spetsavtobaza provides services within the whole Jalal-Abad city area and selected

adjacent residential areas.

For transportation of waste Spetsavtobaza uses 15 trucks. The existing containers

and fleet of trucks do not have sufficient capacity to collect all the generated waste

in Jalal-Abad City, some of the equipment is outdated and the daily operation of

waste collection is a struggle to assemble equipment to keep the operation moving.

Procurement of new containers and collection vehicles for replacement of existing

equipment and increasing the collection capacity is urgently needed.

The collected waste is taken to the big municipal dumpsite located located 6 km

south-east from the city on the territory of the Barpy Municipality of the Suzak

District. Opportunities for further development of the dumpsite towards south are

limited due to planned establishment of a new residential area.

Minor dumpsites can be seen in many places in Jalal-Abad and surroundings.

Waste dumping "somewhere" is not a common, but occasional practice, while

burning and burial of waste in back-yards is a common practice, particularly

among residents of individual houses. Burning poses risk of spreading fire and

nuisance from smoke. Burial of waste in pits is of limited use in densely populated

areas of Jalal-Abad and suburbs, where the land plots are small.

Both the general public and the authorities can see that change of consumption

habits and on-going urbanisation lead to increased generation of waste in

residential areas and get interested in regular waste collection services. More and

more people understand that improvement of waste collection services would

require additional financing. In order to keep the residential areas and their

vicinities clean and nice, the Jalal-Abad City Administration and the KR

Government have approached the European Bank for Reconstruction and

Development (EBRD) requesting support for the improvement of waste

management in Jalal-Abad through procurement of modern waste containers,

trucks and establishment of sanitary landfill for safe disposal of waste in

accordance with the EU standards.

After a site selection study, the area adjacent to the existing dumpsite in the Barpy

Municipality has been selected as a suitable location for a future sanitary landfill.

When the sanitary landfill is constructed, the existing dumpsite will be closed and

covered with soil, so that the area looks like an element of the natural landscape.


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2.2 Reasons for including largest villages of 6 adjacent municipalities

A number of large villages administratively belong to Atabekov, Barpy, Kyzyl-

Tuu, Suzak, Tash-Bulak and Yrys municipalities of the Suzak District of the Jalal-

Abad Province, but are located close to the border of Jalal-Abad or even share parts

of the city streets and in their day-to-day life are well integrated in the city. If these

villages are not serviced by the future waste collection system, a lot of their waste

may anyhow end up on neighbouring streets of the serviced area. It would

definitely make sense to provide waste collection services of the same level within

the areas already functioning as one agglomeration, the Greater Jalal-Abad.

It is envisaged that in the six participating rural municipalities a number of villages

located far from Jalal-Abad, but accessible from main roads on the routes of waste

collection vehicles, could also be serviced by the new system of waste

management. The proposed service area for the future waste collection system is

presented in Table 1.


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Table 1 Population of the proposed Project area. (data provided by the concerned

municipalities)

Municipality Settlement Population,

2013

Number of

households,

2013

Household size

(persons)

City of Jalal-Abad Jalal-Abad 104,040 26,000 4 .00

Total, Jalal-Abad 104,040 26,000 4.00

Atabekov Bek-Abad 10,059 1 ,828 5 .50

Kyzyl-Bagysh 866 197 4 .40

Turk-Abad 1 ,349 327 4 .13

Uzbek-Abad 531 133 3 .99

Kyrgyz-Abad 590 149 3 .96

Jiyde 3 ,768 689 5 .47

Jany-Jer 2 ,097 448 4 .68

Kara-Jygach 907 184 4 .93

C heck 911 260 3 .50

Munduz 1 ,826 398 4 .59

Shirin 534 158 3 .38

Nayman 498 123 4 .05

Kashkar-Maala 453 134 3 .38

Balta-Kazy 1 ,310 193 6 .79

Total, Atabekov 25,699 5,221 4.92

Barpy P rigorod 1 ,687 385 4 .38

C hoko-Dobo 2 ,275 547 4 .16

Komsomol 2 ,716 587 4 .63

U lgu 1 ,948 362 5 .38

O smonov 763 180 4 .24

M in-Oruk 876 186 4 .71

Tashtak 822 174 4 .72

Toboy 1 ,610 302 5 .33

C hokmor 2 ,061 545 3 .78

Jany-Aiyl 933 152 6 .14

Kandy 605 122 4 .96

Turk-Abad 843 175 4 .82

Total, Barpy 17,139 3,717 4.61

Tash-Bulak Tash-Bulak 6 ,115 1 ,124 5 .44

A ral 437 72 6 .07

I rrigator 1 ,116 168 6 .64

Teplichnyi 698 104 6 .71

Gulis tan 1 ,695 288 5 .89

Yntymak 3 ,056 503 6 .08

Doskana 980 165 5 .94

Dmitrovka 2 ,937 544 5 .40

Eshme 86 15 5 .73

Total, Tash-Bulak 17,120 2,983 5.74

Yrys Ladan-Kora 6 ,667 1 ,259 5 .30

Kumysh-Aziz 6 ,052 828 7 .31


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Municipality Settlement Population,

2013

Number of

households,

2013

Household size

(persons)

Kurgak-Kol 4 ,956 771 6 .43

A ral-Sai 2 ,080 346 6 .01

Jar-Kishtak 4 ,732 809 5 .85

Totiya 2 ,551 439 5 .81

Y rys 1 ,504 256 5 .88

Masadan 1 ,733 375 4 .62

Domar 2 ,099 365 5 .75

Total, Yrys 32,374 5,448 5.94

Kyzyl-Tuu Munduz 3 ,072 572 5 .37

O rtoAziya 2 ,801 524 5 .35

Bos ton 2 ,257 422 5 .35

A k Bash 2 ,507 539 4 .65

Tashtak 2 ,661 499 5 .33

Total, Kyzyl-Tuu 13,298 2,556 5.20

Suzak Suzak 23,145 5 ,002 4 .63

Dostuk 2 ,015 295 6 .83

A ral 1 ,992 287 6 .94

Blagoveshenka 4 ,859 843 5 .76

Kamysh-Bashy 1 ,966 222 8 .86

Jany-Dyikan 2 ,198 528 4 .16

Total, Suzak 36,175 7,177 5.04

Surrounding Municipalities 141,805 27,102 5.23

Jalal-Abad City and Surrounding

Municipalities 245,845 53,102 4.63

Urban Population 128,290

Rural Population 117,555

2.3 Who will pay for the improvements? EBRD is considering provision of a loan combined with a loan from the EIB and a

grant from the EU for covering the costs of establishing modern waste collection

services for the Greater Jalal-Abad with safe disposal of waste in one specially

equipped place. A grant will cover 50% of the cost. The other half is expected to be

covered by a loan provided for 15 years. This is expected to be repaid from revenue

generated by the introduction of new tariffs, which are to be established for

households and other users in service area of the new waste management system.


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3 Description of the future system

The future waste management system for the Greater Jalal-Abad will ensure

improved collection of municipal solid waste and its placing at one sanitary

landfill.

3.1 Future waste collection and transportation In Jalal-Abad city and the selected villages of adjacent 6 rural municipalities the

new system will be based on further development of the existing system and

include:

› Collection point system in some of areas with multi-storey buildings in Jalal-

Abad city;

› Signal collection system in some of the areas with multi-storey buildings in

Jalal-Abad city;

› Kerb-side collection system in areas with single family houses in Jalal-Abad

city;

› Combined collection point system and kerb- side collection system in the six

municipalities adjacent to Jalal-Abad city;

› Special system for separate collection of construction and demolition (C&D)

waste and other bulky waste types - on an ad-hock basis according to the

actual needs.

Based on discussions with Spetzavtobaza the design of the systems is based on

collection of 20% of the waste in Jalal-Abad City by the collection point system,

50% by the kerb-side collection system and 30% by the signal system.

Furthermore, it is assumed that 40% of the waste in the six surrounding

municipalities is collected by the collection point/ container system and 60% by the

kerb-side collection system.

A combination of 10 m3 and 22 m3 rear-loaded compaction vehicles are

recommended for the waste collection and the majority of containers will be 1.1

m3 steel containers with lid and wheels.


15

For collection of bulky waste types two roll-off tipper trucks with changeable

containers and crane to hoist bulky materials and garden waste and 32 containers of

various sizes and types are recommended.

The precise number and placing of containers, the number and routes of vehicles,

the waste collection schedule for various parts of the serviced area shall be

determined and, when necessary, adjusted in the implementation phase of the

Project.

3.2 Upgrading of Spetsavtobaza premises

The existing administration building of Spetsavtobaza is too small, the staff

building and vehicle maintenance workshop are inadequate. An improvement of

the sanitary conditions of the administration building is proposed alongside with

construction of new staff building with toilets and shower facilities and

construction of a well-equipped indoor workshop for vehicle maintenance.

3.3 Sanitary landfill Sanitary landfill is required for safe disposal of waste, i.e. burial of waste with

minimal risks for the human health and the environment. The Project assumes that

the new sanitary landfill is designed and operated in accordance with the EU

Directive 99/31/EC on the Landfill of Waste.

Basing on a site selection study a site north of the existing dumpsite in the Barpy

Municipality has been recommended for establishment of sanitary landfill.

The landfill site location next to the existing dumpsite means that the distance of

waste transportation from Jalal-Abad will remain approximately the same, about 6-

7 km.

The site is located in the upper (northern) part of a long valley partially occupied

by the existing dumpsite located approximately in the middle of the valley (Figure

2). The valley in the upper part splits in 2 major "tributaries" each having a V-

shaped profile. At present the area is used as a public owned winter pasture of the

Barpy rural municipality, where the livestock is grazing from about 10 October to

10 May. The distance from the site to the nearest residential areas (east of the site,

on the southern bank of the Shor-Bulak Brook) is more than 2 km.


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Figure 2 Location of dumpsite and landfill site in a valley east of Jalal-Abad

(1- shepherd houses in a valley east of the valley with dumpsite;

2 – shepherd houses in a valley west of valley with dumpsite;

3 – houses of 2 families at junction of access road to the dumpsite and the main

public road following the Shor-Bulak Brook;

4 – brick factory near the main public road

5 – area of planned new residential area)

Distances from the site to the nearest shepherd houses (marked 1 and 2 in Error!

Reference source not found.) are about 500 m. The shepherd houses are located

in adjacent valleys separated from the valley with dumpsite by hill rows (adyrs)

and are not visible from the dumpsite or landfill site. However, they are visible

from tops of hills surrounding the valley with the dumpsite and the landfill site and

separating this valley from valleys with the nearest stand-alone houses. No

buildings are located with the valley with dumpsite, except for two poor quality

buildings located at the entrance to the dumpsite from the access road. A high

voltage power line crosses the north-western part of the valley.

Distance from landfill site to residential houses (marked 3 on Figure 2) of two

families located south-south-west from the site is more than 1 km. Distance from

the landfill site to the private brick factory located at the main public road south of

the site is about 800 m. Distance from the site to the planned new residential area

south of the site is about 1 km.

The site proposed for establishment of the sanitary landfill is located further north

from the main road going along the Shor-Bulak Brook, than the existing dumpsite

(Figure 3).

1


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Figure 3 General view of site located north of existing dumpsite and recommended for

landfill (view from the dumpsite)

The total area for establishment of the sanitary landfill is 24.8 ha. The existing

dumpsite located inside this area covers approximately 8.9 ha (after remediation).

The waste disposal area of 10.2 ha will be divided into four sections with steep (up

to 1:2) slopes developed in 2-3 vertical steps each having a height of about 10 m.

The landfill is designed for operation during 19-20 years with total capacity of

1,045,000 m³ of waste sufficient for disposal of all municipal solid waste generated

in the Project area.

The waste disposal cells will be constructed with an impermeable bottom structure

consisting of a compacted clay soil covered with a layer of special high density

polyethylene. This structure installed on bottom and slopes of each section will

protect the groundwater and landfill surroundings from spreading of leachate

(liquid present in waste due to rain, snowmelt water and decomposition of waste).

Leachate generated in the landfill section will be collected by drainage system

placed on the bottom liner. The collected leachate will be stored in and evaporated

from a leachate pond with impermeable bottom. Spraying of leachate over the

waste surface could speed up the evaporation.

The landfill area will be fenced and include paved entrance and parking area,

weighbridge, office and staff building, water supply and sanitation facilities with

drinking water well, surface water collection system, garage and vehicle

maintenance workshop, wheel wash facility (at exit), fire protection system,


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facilities for leachate collection, storage and evaporation, access road and internal

roads, power supply, lighting and communication systems.

Landfill gas collection and flaring system as well as top cover for disposed waste

will be established during the planning period when a landfill cell is filled up.

3.4 Will the waste be sorted at the landfill?

Currently there is no formal system for separation and collection of recyclables in

the Project area. The market for the recyclables is poor. Private initiatives show no

capacity to recover and sell any reasonable portion of recyclables.

All waste delivered by waste collection trucks to the new regional landfill will be

weighed and registered at the landfill entrance. The trucks will then take the waste

without any processing to a landfill section for disposal.

3.5 How will the waste be placed at the landfill? Only one of the four disposal sections will be constructed and operated at a time.

The waste unloaded from a truck into a disposal section will be rolled over by a

heavy vehicle (compactor) rolling the waste into a layer. Each layer of waste will

be systematically covered with a thin layer of soil (daily cover) preventing possible

spreading of waste by wind, birds and animals. Thus during the landfill operation

the waste will be open only at the tipping front of a disposal section currently being

filled. The average height of waste body with daily cover constituting about 10% of

the volume in each section of the landfill will be approximately 10 m including 1 m

thick top cover layer with vegetation.

Once the whole landfill is filled and no longer used for waste disposal, there will be

an aftercare period for least 30 years. Aftercare will include further collection of

leachate, monitoring of landfill gas, monitoring of groundwater and surface runoff.

In principle, the monitoring should continue until leachate and/or landfill gas no

longer pose risks for the surrounding environment.

The landfill will be owned by Jalal-Abad city and operated by the trained staff of

municipal waste management unit (Spetsavtobaza).

3.6 When will the existing dumpsite be closed? The dumpsite closure and remediation will be started during construction of the

landfill and will be completed immediately after start of the landfill operation.

The existing dumpsite is established as one pile of waste in central part of a valley,

with rather thin layers of waste in the northern part of the dumpsite. The waste in

the northern part of the site will be excavated and re-disposed in the southern part

of the dumpsite during construction of the new landfill site.

The dumpsite closure and rehabilitation will reduce the environmental and health

impacts and to secure stability of the site. The re-profiled dumpsite will be


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compacted and levelled with a relatively flat top surface with a slope of 2.5%

towards south and with a southern steep slope reaching the existing ground level.

All waste will be covered with minimum 0.9 m of soil and 0.1 m of topsoil and

finally seeded with grass. The soil and topsoil will come from excavation during

construction of the new sanitary landfill.

After closure and remediation no waste at the old dumpsite will be visible, disposal

of waste in this area will be prohibited, any excavation and construction activities

will be restricted, but other activities (e.g. recreational use) could be acceptable.

Closure and rehabilitation of the dumpsite will be to the benefit of the surrounding

communities affected by poor operation of the dumpsite.

Closure and remediation of the existing dumpsite will be the responsibility of the

Jalal-Abad City Administration and will not be financed from the loan and grant

provided for the proposed Project.

3.7 Any alternatives for the Project? A number of project alternatives have been considered during the Project

preparation as summarised in Table 2. The table presents a systematic comparison

of feasible alternatives of the Project in terms of location, technology or design

carried out for comparison of potential environmental and social impacts.

Table 2 presents a spectrum of concepts typically discussed during feasibility

studies and impact assessments related to development of regional waste

management systems.

Table 2 Alternative concepts considered during the Feasibility Study

No Concept

title

Details of the concept Key challenges

1 No Project No changes in the existing waste

collection and disposal practice

High environmental and health

impacts, visual impact, low comfort

2 Alternative

location of

the sanitary

landfill

Location to the south from the

existing dumpsite of Jalal-Abad

Less than 500 m distance from

existing and planned residential

areas

Location in the adjacent valley to

the west from the dumpsite

Absence of access road, presence

of soil hotspot of Siberian plaque (

Anthrax)

Clay quarry east of Jalal-Abad Access road passes by recreational

areas and famous tourist

destination

Near a farm west of Jalal-Abad Long distance from waste

generation centres. Land use plan

in conflict with establishment of


20

No Concept

title

Details of the concept Key challenges

landfill. Construction of new access

road is required.

South-east of Jalal-Abad near

border with Uzbekistan

Access road via a mountain

passage, location in catchment area

of transboundary river

3 Alternative

design of

landfill

Landfill of other type (e.g. without

bottom liner)

Not meeting the EU standards

4 Alternative

collection

system

Separate collection of recyclables

at sources (e.g. in plastic bags or

containers of different colours)

High costs of collection, poor

market for recyclables

Separation of recyclables at

central facility for sorting of mixed

waste

Low quality of recyclables, poor

market for recyclables

5 Alternative

treatment

and disposal

technology

Composting, anaerobic digestion

(AD), mechanical biological

treatment (MBT)

High investment and operation

costs, poor market for products

Incineration (Waste-to-Energy) High investment and operation

costs, low energy prices in KR

6 Management

of other

types of

waste, too

Recycling of construction and

demolition waste

High investment costs, low prices

for natural mineral materials

Separate management of

hazardous waste fraction of

household waste

Separate collection and temporary

storage will not make sense

because a long-term disposal

solution is not expected within

realistic time (i.e. 5 years)

7 Alternative

area serviced

Only Jalal-Abad city serviced Jalal-Abad and adjacent villages

generate the common waste flow

Other number of

villages/Municipalities

All densely populated areas with

good access roads should be

included, but transportation

distances to landfill should be short

The alternatives may also include other combinations of facilities within the waste

management centre and/or transfer station(s), other timing for construction and

implementation of source separation schemes, combination of various schemes in

specific areas, alternative financing mechanisms for full cost recovery and a variety

of other alternatives.


21

Any additional elements of the waste management system (e.g. separate collection

and interim storage of hazardous waste fractions of MSW, collection and recycling

of construction and demolition waste, etc.) will require additional costs and thus

higher tariffs for the new system. And the higher would be the increase of tariffs,

the lower would be the chance for collecting the payments.

Based on the Feasibility Study the combination of 4 waste collection technologies

(system with 1.1 m³ containers at collection points, kerb-side system, signal

system, system with roll-off tippers for bulky waste, garden waste, construction

and demolition waste), direct transportation and landfilling of waste has been

selected as the most feasible option for the Project.

In addition to proposing technical options, the Feasibility Study included

consideration of alternative locations of the regional landfill. Several sites were

studied from the viewpoint of the local and international criteria applied for the

landfill site selection. A separate report on the landfill site selection was prepared

during the Feasibility Study and disclosed in Russian language for stakeholders in

Jalal-Abad city and the Jalal-Abad Province in March 2013.

Sanitary landfill of waste is recognised as the cheapest waste management option

in the Project area, but collection and use of recyclables could be introduced when

the affordability allows doing so in order to economise the use of sanitary landfill

volume. A sanitary landfill is always necessary in a waste management system, but

it is the international good practice to economise the landfill consumption for as

long as possible use of the site and delaying the date where a new site must be

found.

3.8 What will be the Project impacts?

The process of environmental and social impact assessment for the Project will

involve an assessment and comparison of potential major impacts which may occur

during some of the Project phases and the identification of adequate measures for

mitigation of negative impacts, as well as for enhancement of possible positive

impacts.

3.8.1 Environmental impacts

Key impacts of the proposed Project on the environment will be mostly related to

the construction works during establishment of landfill and to the accumulation of

a big quantity of waste.

To minimise the negative impacts on the environment the landfill location is

selected in an area on northern slope of a hill range, which is rather inconvenient

for agriculture or urban development, but has the natural loam layers with low

permeability, i.e. suitable for protection of soil and groundwater against any

contamination from accumulated waste. In addition to natural protection, the

bottom and sides of landfill sections for disposal of waste will be covered with a

layer of compacted natural loam and a layer of strong impermeable synthetic

material. The landfill site and access road to it are located far from protected nature


22

areas, rivers, lakes. Waste will be transported in closed trucks and along the

existing roads. Thus the landfill will be equipped for protection of soil, surface

water and groundwater from contamination. Waste delivered to the landfill will be

covered on a daily basis with locally available soil. The landfill will be equipped

with a landfill compactor and front-end loader for compression of the waste and

daily cover of the waste with soil.

The operation and filling of the landfill assumes the following:

› The landfill sections will be filled in by smaller fragments allowing for one

day's waste to be spread in the fragment; the filling will be carried out only

during day hours;

› The waste in each fragment with be spread and compacted in layers not

exceeding 0.3 m;

› Each daily layer of waste in a fragment will be covered by a layer of soil

(thickness about 0.2 m); the daily cover soil could be removed in case of

further filling of waste in the same fragment;

› It is expected that the filling height at the landfill will be about 10 m, i.e. the

waste will partially fill in the existing depressions on the hill range slope.

After the quantity of accumulated waste has reached the landfill capacity, the

landfill will be equipped with a top cover and a system for collection and

flaring/utilisation of landfill gas.

The final cover system of the landfill will include:

• 0.1 -0.2 m fertile top soil with vegetation;

• 0.8 m clayed soil;

• 0.2 m gravel drainage package (regulation layer, drainage layer and landfill

gas distribution layer).

The shape of the closed and covered landfill surface will be developed to match the

surrounding landscape and to ensure stability of the cover.

Landfill gas flaring/utilisation system will be established at the regional landfill

after the final cover is installed for landfill cells. Landfill gas flaring will be the

only option for management of he collected landfill gas. Installation of initial gas

collection wells and connecting pipes is included in the design for the new landfill,

but the pumps and flaring units are supplied and installed after 2-3 years of active

operation of the landfill when they can be put directly in operation. The

international experience shows that many deliveries of gas flaring equipment for

new landfill projects happen too early. The recommended later purchase of this

equipment for Jalal-Abad landfill will allow to avoid the corrosion during storage


23

and to put the equipment in operation, when the performance guarantee and defects

liability period are still valid.

In 4-5 years after commence of the landfill utilisation of the landfill gas could be

considered. As no industry or other potential user of the landfill gas is present in

the neighbourhood of Jalal-Abad landfill, the only obvious option for utilisation of

the landfill gas is production of electricity and maybe utilisation of the excess heat

in a central heating system if installed in administration building or it may be

realistic to utilise excess heat in greenhouses to be established at the nearby

farmland. When production of electricity is economically feasible depend on

potential amount of gas collection and in particular in the price for selling the

electricity.

Appropriate measures for control the accumulated gas and migration of gas is

included in the project and satisfy the EU landfill directive. The landfill will have a

system for monitoring of gas emissions, groundwater and surface water runoff. A

weighing bridge with an electronic system will be installed for registration of waste

delivered to the landfill.

3.8.2 Social impacts

Key negative elements of the proposed Project in terms of social impact will be

related to the introduction of changes in the waste collection system (e.g. types of

containers for waste, location of containers, waste collection schedule) and related

to the increase of waste tariffs.

To minimise the negative social impacts, the changes should be discussed with the

communities and staff of the waste collection unit Spetsavtobaza. The changes

should be introduced gradually, starting from trial areas. The containers and waste

collection trucks will be purchased not in one go, but according to the lessons

learned from the trial procurement.

3.9 Environmental and social benefits of the Project

The Project is expected to provide major environmental and social benefits for

Jalal-Abad city and adjacent rural municipalities where a modern system will be

introduced for collection and disposal of municipal solid waste, so that the waste

dumping and its burning could be stopped.

The following specific benefits could be achieved during the Project

implementation:

› Improved collection and transportation of waste in Jalal-Abad and adjacent

densely populated areas of municipalities belonging to the Suzak District of

the Jalal-Abad Province;


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› Improved environmental conditions and visual image of residential areas and

their surroundings; › Sound and safe disposal of waste and one sanitary landfill; › Improved working conditions for employees of waste collection unit

(Spetsavtobaza); › Cleaner yards and streets, better health and safety conditions for women and

children; › Improved environmental awareness, education, public participation,

background for better waste management habits of all age groups; › Improved attractiveness of the region for tourists; › Local business development and capacity building; › Development of convenient electronic (non-cash) billing and payment

registration system for waste management services, › Improved governance and transparency of waste management system.

It is expected that the environmental and social benefits of the Project will have a

long-lasting effect for Jalal-Abad city and adjacent municipalities, but will also

have a demonstration effect for the Kyrgyz Republic and other countries.


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4 Summary of ESAP

According to the Environmental and Social Policy of the EBRD, an Environmental

and Social Action Plan (ESAP) should be developed for and implemented during

the Project in order to ensure implementation of the project according to the EBRD

Performance Requirements (PRs).

The ESAP prepared for the propose Project is related to:

› establishment of a new waste collection system and sanitary landfill (new

facilities),

› upgrading of Spetsavtobaza premises (existing facility), and

› closure and remediation of existing dumpsite2 (existing facility) after start of

the sanitary landfill operation.

The ESAP includes the programmes and systems to address the environmental and

social impacts with allocated timeframes, responsibilities and resources required.

The ESAP also includes a provision for capacity building such as training of the

PIU staff and employees of municipal waste management unit Spetsavtobaza,

contingency and emergency response plans and measures.

The national EIA (ESIA) procedure and obtaining the Project approvals according

to the procedures of the Kyrgyz Republic are among the activities included in the

ESAP.

Closure of existing dumpsite is an integral element for the establishment and

sustainable operation of the new waste collection system in Jalal-Abad and its

surroundings with the sanitary landfill. Therefore, closure of existing dumpsite will

be a precondition for the Project implementation.

The ESAP includes the environmental and social management systems and

measures to be implemented:

2 Closure and remediation of the dumpsite will be financed by Jalal-Abad City

Administration


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› by the PIU during pre-construction phase (preparation of documentation,

procurement of contractor works for construction of landfill and procurement

of waste collection and transportation equipment from suppliers),

› by the PIU and contractors during landfill construction,

› by the PIU, Spetsavtobaza (operator of the new waste collection system and

the sanitary landfill) and contractors (e.g. for construction of new cells at the

landfill) during operation and development of the landfill and the new waste

collection system.

The ESAP for the Project is part of the ESDD package prepared for disclosure in

the Russian language at the office of Jalal-Abad City Administration and the office

of Spetsavtobaza.


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5 Planned engagement of stakeholders

5.1 Who are the stakeholders? The stakeholders are the organisations and individuals, who are responsible for,

interested in or affected by the proposed Project. The employees of Spetsavtobaza

are the internal stakeholders of the Project. Other parties are the external

stakeholders.

5.2 How and when are the stakeholders engaged?

The Project is prepared by the Jalal-Abad City Administration. The Administration

makes sure that the local governmental agencies in Jalal-Abad and adjacent

municipalities, local community organisations, NGOs, the mass media and the

general public including men and women are informed about the Project and can

participate in the process of identifying and communicating the issues of concern,

and in an analysis of the Project and its alternatives. This involvement is important

during the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment process3, which allows

incorporating the relevant recommendations into the Project design and into the

Environmental and Social Action Plan.

Meetings with representatives of the Jalal-Abad City Administration, the Jalal-

Abad Province Administration, management of Spetsavtobaza, authorities of Rural

Municipalities, local communities, women councils, NGOs, interviews with

residents of Jalal-Abad and surrounding residential area and stand-alone houses

were carried out in December 2012 to May 2013 during assessment of existing

waste management conditions and preliminary formulation of the proposed Project.

The elaborated Project Proposal was presented at the meeting with members of the

Jalal-Abad City Council on 10 July 2013. All the meetings included active

discussions.

The Project related information and consultation activities will be also carried out

during all other phases of the Project preparation and implementation, so that

3 Environmental Impact Assessment according to the Kyrgyz Republic procedure includes

environmental and social aspects


28

concerns of people potentially affected by the Project could be known and

addressed. It is envisaged that information and consultation activities will be

among responsibilities of the Project Implementation Unit (PIU) established in

Jalal-Abad.

The information provided about the Project should be sufficient at least for

describing what changes will be caused by the Project, where these changes are

expected and when they are expected.

A lot of information about the Project preparation was provided to stakeholders at

meetings during the EBRD funded Feasibility Study and the Environmental and

Social Due Diligence in December 2012 – July 2013. The Stakeholder Engagement

Plan (SEP) has been prepared, its implementation initiated. The PIU will update the

SEP and use it as an instrument for planning and recording of the public

information and consultation activities. The updated versions will be disclosed by

the Jalal-Abad City Administration.

Local television companies have been recommended by the local authorities and

NGOs as the most reliable media channel to regularly communicate the local news

and information to the general public in Jalal-Abad and adjacent municipalities.

Majority of the households in Jalal-Abad and rural areas have TV sets at home and

are used to see the local news programs of TV companies.

5.2.1 Contacts for information requests

People in the Kyrgyz Republic often prefer to ask questions and express their

opinions on the phone. Questions in Kyrgyz and Russian regarding the Project

preparation and requests for additional information could be addressed from 10:00

to 16:00 during the week days to the following contact persons in Jalal-Abad:

Tairbek Choibekov

Vice Mayor of Jalal-Abad City

38, Erkin-Too Street,

Jalal-Abad, 715600, Kyrgyz Republic

Tel: +996 3722 5 32 42,

Mobile: +996 777 84 06 07

E-mail: [email protected]

Talant Kasymov

Director of Spetsavtobaza

1, Gagarin Street, Jalal-Abad, Kyrgyz Republic

Mobile: +996 559 00 02 20, +996 777 92 07 07


Answers to the questions and the requested additional information will be provided

in Kyrgyz or Russian.

mailto:[email protected]



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5.2.2 Information in hard copies

Hard copies of the NTS and ESA in Russian will be available for reading (and

electronic versions will be available for copying on visitor's USB stick) during the

office hours in Jalal-Abad City Administration office and in office of

Spetsavtobaza.

Hard copies of NTS will be available in offices of Administrations of Atabekov,

Barpy, Kyzyl-Tuu, Suzak, Tash-Bulak and Yrys Municipalities.

Hard copies of the NTS and ESA documents could be provided on request at the

cost of the copying.

Information boards with leaflets about the Project will be established in the office

of the Jalal-Abad City Administration, in the Suzak District Administration, in the

office of Spetsavtobaza and Administrations of Atabekov, Barpy, Kyzyl-Tuu,

Suzak, Tash-Bulak and Yrys Municipalities.

5.2.3 Comments during disclosure of E&S Analysis

During the ESA disclosure the comments will be received as filled in forms with

specified contact details for submission. The contact details of the local authorities

and NGOs will be provided in announcement on TV, in posters and information

leaflets distributed in the project affected communities to ensure the public

consultation. Questions and comments expressed during the public meetings will

be recorded and addressed in the ESA document and then during the practical

preparation and implementation of the Project.

The contact details for submitting the comment forms in Kyrgyz, Russian or

English are as follows:

Tairbek Choibekov

Vice Mayor of Jalal-Abad City

38, Erkin-Too Street,

Jalal-Abad, 715600, Kyrgyz Republic

Tel: +996 3722 5 32 42,

Mobile: +996 777 84 06 07


5.3 Grievance mechanisms for stakeholders

At the stage of construction, rehabilitation and operation of the Project facilities

(construction of sanitary landfill near Jalal-Abad with upgrading of access road,

establishment of modern collection points for municipal waste, development of

optimal routes for waste collection trucks, closure and rehabilitation of dumpsite,

upgrading of Spetsavtobaza premises) the comments, questions and possible

complaints will be addressed within the grievance mechanism. The Project

Stakeholder Engagement Plan includes special mechanism for receiving and



30

addressing the grievances from the internal stakeholders (workers of

Spetsavtobaza) and external stakeholders during the Project implementation. This

grievance mechanism will be based on written forms, which can be filled in by any

affected person or organisation and submitted to the Jalal-Abad City

Administration (later the Project Implementation Unit in Jalal-Abad), who will take

action, if required, and within 10 days inform the author of grievance on the action

taken in response to the submitted grievance.

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