ospfv3 news version 2

Page �1 Saturday 15 November 2014 Fred Bovy

IPv6 For Life +33781248989

IPv6 For Life Villa les 2 Soeurs21 Avenue Thiers06600 Antibes

O: 33972409194 M: 33781248989 S: 33970444185

7–10pm

1. OSPFv3 is redesigned for IPv6. The OSPF Architecture remains the same but it is adapted for IPv6. In IPv4 there is one subnet per interface. In IPv6, the same interface may have several prefixes. Therefore OSPFv3 runs per link and not per subnet.2. Authentification has been removed from OSPFv3 as, security is supposed to be

assumed by IPSec, it has been removed from OSPFv3. 3. The database has been modified with two new LSAs and two renamed LSAs. There is no more Addresses in Type 1 and Type 2 LSA, only Topological. The addresses have been moved to a new LSA, the Intra-Area-Prefix LSA. The Link-State LSA are announced with a new type of LSA.

4. There are more options in the OSPF messages, the ‘R-bit’ and “V6-bi” have been added. The R-bit is set when the router is participating in the routing process. The V6-bit, is used when the router can manage IPv6 routes. 5. There are now possibility to use many separates instances of OSPFv3

OSPFV3 NEWS 11 Nov 2014


IPv6 For Life +33781248989

Hello Protocol With OSPF, initialisation begin with the Hello Protocol. Each router advertises its Router-ID and the default parameters to form neighbour relationship: Area-ID, Hello-Interval, Dead-Interval.

The Hello protocol can also be used on mutipoint network to elect the Designater Router and its Backup.

IPv6, Src: fe80::c802:fff:fe06:8 (fe80::c802:fff:fe06:8), Dst: ff02::5 (ff02::5) Open Shortest Path First

OSPF Header Version: 3 Message Type: Hello Packet (1) Packet Length: 36 Source OSPF Router: 10.0.0.2 (10.0.0.2) Area ID: 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0) (Backbone) Checksum: 0x1d78 [correct] Instance ID: IPv6 unicast AF (0) Reserved: 00 OSPF Hello Packet Interface ID: 5 Router Priority: 1 Options: 0x000013 (R, E, V6) Hello Interval [sec]: 10 Router Dead Interval [sec]: 40 Designated Router: 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0) Backup Designated Router: 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0)


IPv6 For Life +33781248989

From Down to 2-WAY

Once two neighbours have verified that they can be neighbours, they may become Adjacent. Adjacent which means that it synchronises its Database with the Neighbour. On Multi access network, a Designated Router and and a Backup Designated Router are elected to synchronise all the neighbours of a multipoint network and to generate a LSA listing all neighbours on the behalf of all the neighbours.

Types of OSPF Networks


IPv6 For Life +33781248989

DBD Synchronisation

EXSTART. Each Router sends a DBD with I, M and MS bits set, highest Router-ID wins and become the Master. EXCHANGE. The Master synchronises the exchanges and generate the initial Sequence. Only LSA headers are transmitted in DBD packets. If a router notices that an LSA is not up to date it request it with an LSA Request. EXLOAD. When it is finished, M bit is cleared, they are FULL.


IPv6 For Life +33781248989

The MTU is in the DBD and will be used to verify that both ends agree on the MTU. OSPF Header Version: 3 Message Type: DB Description (2) Packet Length: 28 Source OSPF Router: 10.0.0.2 (10.0.0.2) Area ID: 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0) (Backbone) Checksum: 0x267c [correct] Instance ID: IPv6 unicast AF (0) Reserved: 00 OSPF DB Description Reserved: 0 Options: 0x000013 (R, E, V6) Interface MTU: 1500 Reserved: 0 DB Description: 0x07 (I, M, MS) DD Sequence: 7384

Page �6 Saturday 15 November 2014 Fred Bovy During the Initialisation process, the DBD and the LS Request/Update/Ack occur concurrently.

We have made a very simple lab and capture all traffic between R1 and R2.Below are some significant packets from OSPFv3 Initialization

HELLO Open Shortest Path First OSPF Header Version: 3 Message Type: Hello Packet (1) Packet Length: 40 Source OSPF Router: 10.0.0.1 (10.0.0.1) Area ID: 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0) (Backbone) Checksum: 0xff6e [correct] Instance ID: IPv6 unicast AF (0) Reserved: 00 OSPF Hello Packet Interface ID: 5 Router Priority: 1 Options: 0x000013 (R, E, V6) Hello Interval [sec]: 10 Router Dead Interval [sec]: 40 Designated Router: 10.0.0.1 (10.0.0.1) Backup Designated Router: 10.0.0.2 (10.0.0.2) Active Neighbor: 10.0.0.2 (10.0.0.2)

Database Description Packet

DATABASE DESCRIPTION PACKET Open Shortest Path First OSPF Header Version: 3 Message Type: DB Description (2) Packet Length: 28 Source OSPF Router: 10.0.0.2 (10.0.0.2) Area ID: 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0) (Backbone) Checksum: 0x267c [correct] Instance ID: IPv6 unicast AF (0) Reserved: 00 OSPF DB Description Reserved: 0 Options: 0x000013 (R, E, V6) .... .... .... .0.. .... .... = AT: Not set

IPv6 For Life +33781248989

Page �7 Saturday 15 November 2014 Fred Bovy .... .... .... ..0. .... .... = L: Not set .... .... .... ...0 .... .... = AF: Not set .... .... .... .... ..0. .... = DC: Not set .... .... .... .... ...1 .... = R: Set .... .... .... .... .... 0... = N: Not set .... .... .... .... .... .0.. = MC: Not set .... .... .... .... .... ..1. = E: Set .... .... .... .... .... ...1 = V6: Set Interface MTU: 1500 Reserved: 0 DB Description: 0x07 (I, M, MS) .... 0... = R: OOBResync bit is NOT set .... .1.. = I: Init bit is SET .... ..1. = M: More bit is SET .... ...1 = MS: Master/Slave bit is SET DD Sequence: 7384

Open Shortest Path First OSPF Header Version: 3 Message Type: DB Description (2) Packet Length: 28 Source OSPF Router: 10.0.0.1 (10.0.0.1) Area ID: 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0) (Backbone) Checksum: 0x23e9 [correct] Instance ID: IPv6 unicast AF (0) Reserved: 00 OSPF DB Description Reserved: 0 Options: 0x000013 (R, E, V6) .... .... .... .0.. .... .... = AT: Not set .... .... .... ..0. .... .... = L: Not set .... .... .... ...0 .... .... = AF: Not set .... .... .... .... ..0. .... = DC: Not set .... .... .... .... ...1 .... = R: Set .... .... .... .... .... 0... = N: Not set .... .... .... .... .... .0.. = MC: Not set .... .... .... .... .... ..1. = E: Set .... .... .... .... .... ...1 = V6: Set Interface MTU: 1500 Reserved: 0 DB Description: 0x07 (I, M, MS) .... 0... = R: OOBResync bit is NOT set .... .1.. = I: Init bit is SET .... ..1. = M: More bit is SET .... ...1 = MS: Master/Slave bit is SET DD Sequence: 8044

Open Shortest Path First OSPF Header Version: 3 Message Type: DB Description (2) Packet Length: 88 Source OSPF Router: 10.0.0.1 (10.0.0.1) Area ID: 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0) (Backbone) Checksum: 0x7649 [correct] Instance ID: IPv6 unicast AF (0) Reserved: 00 OSPF DB Description Reserved: 0 Options: 0x000013 (R, E, V6) .... .... .... .0.. .... .... = AT: Not set .... .... .... ..0. .... .... = L: Not set .... .... .... ...0 .... .... = AF: Not set .... .... .... .... ..0. .... = DC: Not set .... .... .... .... ...1 .... = R: Set .... .... .... .... .... 0... = N: Not set .... .... .... .... .... .0.. = MC: Not set .... .... .... .... .... ..1. = E: Set .... .... .... .... .... ...1 = V6: Set Interface MTU: 1500

IPv6 For Life +33781248989

Page �8 Saturday 15 November 2014 Fred Bovy Reserved: 0 DB Description: 0x02 (M) .... 0... = R: OOBResync bit is NOT set .... .0.. = I: Init bit is NOT set .... ..1. = M: More bit is SET .... ...0 = MS: Master/Slave bit is NOT set DD Sequence: 7384 LSA Header LS Age: 376 seconds Do Not Age: False LS Type: Router-LSA (0x2001) Link State ID: 0.0.0.0 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.1 (10.0.0.1) LS Sequence Number: 0x80000003 LS Checksum: 0x8a7a Length: 24 LSA Header LS Age: 416 seconds Do Not Age: False LS Type: Link-LSA (0x0008) Link State ID: 0.0.0.5 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.1 (10.0.0.1) LS Sequence Number: 0x80000001 LS Checksum: 0xc5dc Length: 44 LSA Header LS Age: 438 seconds Do Not Age: False LS Type: Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA (0x2009) Link State ID: 0.0.0.0 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.1 (10.0.0.1) LS Sequence Number: 0x80000001 LS Checksum: 0x7c02 Length: 52

Open Shortest Path First OSPF Header Version: 3 Message Type: DB Description (2) Packet Length: 188 Source OSPF Router: 10.0.0.2 (10.0.0.2) Area ID: 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0) (Backbone) Checksum: 0x0f55 [correct] Instance ID: IPv6 unicast AF (0) Reserved: 00 OSPF DB Description Reserved: 0 Options: 0x000013 (R, E, V6) .... .... .... .0.. .... .... = AT: Not set .... .... .... ..0. .... .... = L: Not set .... .... .... ...0 .... .... = AF: Not set .... .... .... .... ..0. .... = DC: Not set .... .... .... .... ...1 .... = R: Set .... .... .... .... .... 0... = N: Not set .... .... .... .... .... .0.. = MC: Not set .... .... .... .... .... ..1. = E: Set .... .... .... .... .... ...1 = V6: Set Interface MTU: 1500 Reserved: 0 DB Description: 0x01 (MS) .... 0... = R: OOBResync bit is NOT set .... .0.. = I: Init bit is NOT set .... ..0. = M: More bit is NOT set .... ...1 = MS: Master/Slave bit is SET DD Sequence: 7385 LSA Header LS Age: 35 seconds Do Not Age: False LS Type: Router-LSA (0x2001) Link State ID: 0.0.0.0 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.2 (10.0.0.2) LS Sequence Number: 0x80000009

IPv6 For Life +33781248989

Page �9 Saturday 15 November 2014 Fred Bovy LS Checksum: 0x1293 Length: 56 LSA Header LS Age: 143 seconds Do Not Age: False LS Type: Router-LSA (0x2001) Link State ID: 0.0.0.0 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.3 (10.0.0.3) LS Sequence Number: 0x80000003 LS Checksum: 0x5484 Length: 40 LSA Header LS Age: 26 seconds Do Not Age: False LS Type: Router-LSA (0x2001) Link State ID: 0.0.0.0 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.4 (10.0.0.4) LS Sequence Number: 0x80000003 LS Checksum: 0x6076 Length: 40 LSA Header LS Age: 144 seconds Do Not Age: False LS Type: Network-LSA (0x2002) Link State ID: 0.0.0.6 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.2 (10.0.0.2) LS Sequence Number: 0x80000001 LS Checksum: 0x419c Length: 32 LSA Header LS Age: 35 seconds Do Not Age: False LS Type: Network-LSA (0x2002) Link State ID: 0.0.0.7 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.2 (10.0.0.2) LS Sequence Number: 0x80000001 LS Checksum: 0x4596 Length: 32 LSA Header LS Age: 304 seconds Do Not Age: False LS Type: Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA (0x2009) Link State ID: 0.0.0.0 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.2 (10.0.0.2) LS Sequence Number: 0x80000001 LS Checksum: 0xa6d4 Length: 52 LSA Header LS Age: 168 seconds Do Not Age: False LS Type: Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA (0x2009) Link State ID: 0.0.0.0 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.3 (10.0.0.3) LS Sequence Number: 0x80000001 LS Checksum: 0xd0a7 Length: 52 LSA Header LS Age: 27 seconds Do Not Age: False LS Type: Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA (0x2009) Link State ID: 0.0.0.0 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.4 (10.0.0.4) LS Sequence Number: 0x80000001 LS Checksum: 0xfa7a Length: 52

LINK STATE REQUEST Open Shortest Path First OSPF Header Version: 3 Message Type: LS Request (3) IPv6 For Life +33781248989

Page �10 Saturday 15 November 2014 Fred Bovy Packet Length: 112 Source OSPF Router: 10.0.0.1 (10.0.0.1) Area ID: 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0) (Backbone) Checksum: 0xf85b [correct] Instance ID: IPv6 unicast AF (0) Reserved: 00 Link State Request Reserved: 0 LS Type: Router-LSA (0x2001) Link State ID: 0.0.0.0 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.2 (10.0.0.2) Link State Request Reserved: 0 LS Type: Router-LSA (0x2001) Link State ID: 0.0.0.0 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.3 (10.0.0.3) Link State Request Reserved: 0 LS Type: Router-LSA (0x2001) Link State ID: 0.0.0.0 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.4 (10.0.0.4) Link State Request Reserved: 0 LS Type: Network-LSA (0x2002) Link State ID: 0.0.0.6 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.2 (10.0.0.2) Link State Request Reserved: 0 LS Type: Network-LSA (0x2002) Link State ID: 0.0.0.7 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.2 (10.0.0.2) Link State Request Reserved: 0 LS Type: Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA (0x2009) Link State ID: 0.0.0.0 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.2 (10.0.0.2) Link State Request Reserved: 0 LS Type: Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA (0x2009) Link State ID: 0.0.0.0 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.3 (10.0.0.3) Link State Request Reserved: 0 LS Type: Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA (0x2009) Link State ID: 0.0.0.0 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.4 (10.0.0.4)

LINK STATE UPDATE Open Shortest Path First OSPF Header Version: 3 Message Type: LS Update (4) Packet Length: 376 Source OSPF Router: 10.0.0.2 (10.0.0.2) Area ID: 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0) (Backbone) Checksum: 0x5001 [correct] Instance ID: IPv6 unicast AF (0) Reserved: 00 LS Update Packet Number of LSAs: 8 Router-LSA (Type: 0x2001) LS Age: 36 seconds Do Not Age: False LS Type: Router-LSA (0x2001) Link State ID: 0.0.0.0 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.2 (10.0.0.2) LS Sequence Number: 0x80000009

IPv6 For Life +33781248989

Page �11 Saturday 15 November 2014 Fred Bovy LS Checksum: 0x1293 Length: 56 Flags: 0x00 .... 0... = W: NO Wild-card multicast receiver .... .0.. = V: NO Virtual link endpoint .... ..0. = E: NO AS boundary router .... ...0 = B: NO Area border router Options: 0x000033 (DC, R, E, V6) .... .... .... .0.. .... .... = AT: Not set .... .... .... ..0. .... .... = L: Not set .... .... .... ...0 .... .... = AF: Not set .... .... .... .... ..1. .... = DC: Set .... .... .... .... ...1 .... = R: Set .... .... .... .... .... 0... = N: Not set .... .... .... .... .... .0.. = MC: Not set .... .... .... .... .... ..1. = E: Set .... .... .... .... .... ...1 = V6: Set Router Interfaces: Type: 2 (Connection to a transit network) Reserved: 0 Metric: 1 Interface ID: 7 Neighbor Interface ID: 7 Neighbor Router ID: 10.0.0.2 Type: 2 (Connection to a transit network) Reserved: 0 Metric: 1 Interface ID: 6 Neighbor Interface ID: 6 Neighbor Router ID: 10.0.0.2 Router-LSA (Type: 0x2001) LS Age: 144 seconds Do Not Age: False LS Type: Router-LSA (0x2001) Link State ID: 0.0.0.0 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.3 (10.0.0.3) LS Sequence Number: 0x80000003 LS Checksum: 0x5484 Length: 40 Flags: 0x00 .... 0... = W: NO Wild-card multicast receiver .... .0.. = V: NO Virtual link endpoint .... ..0. = E: NO AS boundary router .... ...0 = B: NO Area border router Options: 0x000033 (DC, R, E, V6) .... .... .... .0.. .... .... = AT: Not set .... .... .... ..0. .... .... = L: Not set .... .... .... ...0 .... .... = AF: Not set .... .... .... .... ..1. .... = DC: Set .... .... .... .... ...1 .... = R: Set .... .... .... .... .... 0... = N: Not set .... .... .... .... .... .0.. = MC: Not set .... .... .... .... .... ..1. = E: Set .... .... .... .... .... ...1 = V6: Set Router Interfaces: Type: 2 (Connection to a transit network) Reserved: 0 Metric: 1 Interface ID: 5 Neighbor Interface ID: 6 Neighbor Router ID: 10.0.0.2 Router-LSA (Type: 0x2001) LS Age: 27 seconds Do Not Age: False LS Type: Router-LSA (0x2001) Link State ID: 0.0.0.0 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.4 (10.0.0.4) LS Sequence Number: 0x80000003 LS Checksum: 0x6076 Length: 40 Flags: 0x00 .... 0... = W: NO Wild-card multicast receiver .... .0.. = V: NO Virtual link endpoint

IPv6 For Life +33781248989

Page �12 Saturday 15 November 2014 Fred Bovy .... ..0. = E: NO AS boundary router .... ...0 = B: NO Area border router Options: 0x000033 (DC, R, E, V6) .... .... .... .0.. .... .... = AT: Not set .... .... .... ..0. .... .... = L: Not set .... .... .... ...0 .... .... = AF: Not set .... .... .... .... ..1. .... = DC: Set .... .... .... .... ...1 .... = R: Set .... .... .... .... .... 0... = N: Not set .... .... .... .... .... .0.. = MC: Not set .... .... .... .... .... ..1. = E: Set .... .... .... .... .... ...1 = V6: Set Router Interfaces: Type: 2 (Connection to a transit network) Reserved: 0 Metric: 1 Interface ID: 5 Neighbor Interface ID: 7 Neighbor Router ID: 10.0.0.2 Network-LSA (Type: 0x2002) LS Age: 145 seconds Do Not Age: False LS Type: Network-LSA (0x2002) Link State ID: 0.0.0.6 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.2 (10.0.0.2) LS Sequence Number: 0x80000001 LS Checksum: 0x419c Length: 32 Reserved: 0 Options: 0x000033 (DC, R, E, V6) .... .... .... .0.. .... .... = AT: Not set .... .... .... ..0. .... .... = L: Not set .... .... .... ...0 .... .... = AF: Not set .... .... .... .... ..1. .... = DC: Set .... .... .... .... ...1 .... = R: Set .... .... .... .... .... 0... = N: Not set .... .... .... .... .... .0.. = MC: Not set .... .... .... .... .... ..1. = E: Set .... .... .... .... .... ...1 = V6: Set Attached Router: 10.0.0.2 Attached Router: 10.0.0.3 Network-LSA (Type: 0x2002) LS Age: 36 seconds Do Not Age: False LS Type: Network-LSA (0x2002) Link State ID: 0.0.0.7 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.2 (10.0.0.2) LS Sequence Number: 0x80000001 LS Checksum: 0x4596 Length: 32 Reserved: 0 Options: 0x000033 (DC, R, E, V6) .... .... .... .0.. .... .... = AT: Not set .... .... .... ..0. .... .... = L: Not set .... .... .... ...0 .... .... = AF: Not set .... .... .... .... ..1. .... = DC: Set .... .... .... .... ...1 .... = R: Set .... .... .... .... .... 0... = N: Not set .... .... .... .... .... .0.. = MC: Not set .... .... .... .... .... ..1. = E: Set .... .... .... .... .... ...1 = V6: Set Attached Router: 10.0.0.2 Attached Router: 10.0.0.4 Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA (Type: 0x2009) LS Age: 305 seconds Do Not Age: False LS Type: Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA (0x2009) Link State ID: 0.0.0.0 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.2 (10.0.0.2) LS Sequence Number: 0x80000001 LS Checksum: 0xa6d4 Length: 52 # prefixes: 1

IPv6 For Life +33781248989

Page �13 Saturday 15 November 2014 Fred Bovy Referenced LS type 0x2001 (Router-LSA) Referenced Link State ID: 0.0.0.0 Referenced Advertising Router: 10.0.0.2 PrefixLength: 128 PrefixOptions: 0x02 (LA) .... 0... = P: Propagate bit is NOT set .... .0.. = MC: Multicast capability bit is NOT set .... ..1. = LA: LocalAddress capability bit is SET .... ...0 = NU: NoUnicast capability bit is NOT set Metric: 0 Address Prefix: 2001:db8::2 Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA (Type: 0x2009) LS Age: 169 seconds Do Not Age: False LS Type: Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA (0x2009) Link State ID: 0.0.0.0 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.3 (10.0.0.3) LS Sequence Number: 0x80000001 LS Checksum: 0xd0a7 Length: 52 # prefixes: 1 Referenced LS type 0x2001 (Router-LSA) Referenced Link State ID: 0.0.0.0 Referenced Advertising Router: 10.0.0.3 PrefixLength: 128 PrefixOptions: 0x02 (LA) .... 0... = P: Propagate bit is NOT set .... .0.. = MC: Multicast capability bit is NOT set .... ..1. = LA: LocalAddress capability bit is SET .... ...0 = NU: NoUnicast capability bit is NOT set Metric: 0 Address Prefix: 2001:db8::3 Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA (Type: 0x2009) LS Age: 28 seconds Do Not Age: False LS Type: Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA (0x2009) Link State ID: 0.0.0.0 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.4 (10.0.0.4) LS Sequence Number: 0x80000001 LS Checksum: 0xfa7a Length: 52 # prefixes: 1 Referenced LS type 0x2001 (Router-LSA) Referenced Link State ID: 0.0.0.0 Referenced Advertising Router: 10.0.0.4 PrefixLength: 128 PrefixOptions: 0x02 (LA) .... 0... = P: Propagate bit is NOT set .... .0.. = MC: Multicast capability bit is NOT set .... ..1. = LA: LocalAddress capability bit is SET .... ...0 = NU: NoUnicast capability bit is NOT set Metric: 0 Address Prefix: 2001:db8::4

LINK STATE ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Open Shortest Path First OSPF Header Version: 3 Message Type: LS Acknowledge (5) Packet Length: 216 Source OSPF Router: 10.0.0.1 (10.0.0.1) Area ID: 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0) (Backbone) Checksum: 0x99ef [correct] Instance ID: IPv6 unicast AF (0) Reserved: 00 LSA Header LS Age: 36 seconds Do Not Age: False LS Type: Router-LSA (0x2001) Link State ID: 0.0.0.0 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.2 (10.0.0.2) IPv6 For Life +33781248989

Page �14 Saturday 15 November 2014 Fred Bovy LS Sequence Number: 0x80000009 LS Checksum: 0x1293 Length: 56 LSA Header LS Age: 144 seconds Do Not Age: False LS Type: Router-LSA (0x2001) Link State ID: 0.0.0.0 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.3 (10.0.0.3) LS Sequence Number: 0x80000003 LS Checksum: 0x5484 Length: 40 LSA Header LS Age: 27 seconds Do Not Age: False LS Type: Router-LSA (0x2001) Link State ID: 0.0.0.0 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.4 (10.0.0.4) LS Sequence Number: 0x80000003 LS Checksum: 0x6076 Length: 40 LSA Header LS Age: 145 seconds Do Not Age: False LS Type: Network-LSA (0x2002) Link State ID: 0.0.0.6 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.2 (10.0.0.2) LS Sequence Number: 0x80000001 LS Checksum: 0x419c Length: 32 LSA Header LS Age: 36 seconds Do Not Age: False LS Type: Network-LSA (0x2002) Link State ID: 0.0.0.7 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.2 (10.0.0.2) LS Sequence Number: 0x80000001 LS Checksum: 0x4596 Length: 32 LSA Header LS Age: 305 seconds Do Not Age: False LS Type: Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA (0x2009) Link State ID: 0.0.0.0 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.2 (10.0.0.2) LS Sequence Number: 0x80000001 LS Checksum: 0xa6d4 Length: 52 LSA Header LS Age: 169 seconds Do Not Age: False LS Type: Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA (0x2009) Link State ID: 0.0.0.0 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.3 (10.0.0.3) LS Sequence Number: 0x80000001 LS Checksum: 0xd0a7 Length: 52 LSA Header LS Age: 28 seconds Do Not Age: False LS Type: Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA (0x2009) Link State ID: 0.0.0.0 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.4 (10.0.0.4) LS Sequence Number: 0x80000001 LS Checksum: 0xfa7a Length: 52 LSA Header LS Age: 1 seconds Do Not Age: False LS Type: Link-LSA (0x0008) Link State ID: 0.0.0.5 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.2 (10.0.0.2) LS Sequence Number: 0x80000001

IPv6 For Life +33781248989

Page �15 Saturday 15 November 2014 Fred Bovy LS Checksum: 0xf7a6 Length: 44 LSA Header LS Age: 1 seconds Do Not Age: False LS Type: Router-LSA (0x2001) Link State ID: 0.0.0.0 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.2 (10.0.0.2) LS Sequence Number: 0x8000000a LS Checksum: 0x413b Length: 72

THE NEW LSA INTRODUCED IN OSPFv3 Intra-area-Prefix-LSA (Type 9) The Router and Network LSAs do not advertise addresses anymore. Addresses are transported by Intr-Area-Prefix LSA. Below we can see a router advertising a /128 loopback interface address.

Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA (Type: 0x2009) LS Age: 305 seconds Do Not Age: False LS Type: Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA (0x2009) Link State ID: 0.0.0.0 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.2 (10.0.0.2) LS Sequence Number: 0x80000001 LS Checksum: 0xa6d4 Length: 52 # prefixes: 1 Referenced LS type 0x2001 (Router-LSA) Referenced Link State ID: 0.0.0.0 Referenced Advertising Router: 10.0.0.2 PrefixLength: 128 PrefixOptions: 0x02 (LA) .... 0... = P: Propagate bit is NOT set .... .0.. = MC: Multicast capability bit is NOT set .... ..1. = LA: LocalAddress capability bit is SET .... ...0 = NU: NoUnicast capability bit is NOT set Metric: 0 Address Prefix: 2001:db8::2

Link-LSA (Type 8) The Link LSA permit to advertise the Link-Local Address.

Link-LSA (Type: 0x0008) LS Age: 417 seconds Do Not Age: False LS Type: Link-LSA (0x0008) Link State ID: 0.0.0.5 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.1 (10.0.0.1) LS Sequence Number: 0x80000001 LS Checksum: 0xc5dc Length: 44 Router Priority: 1 Options: 0x000033 (DC, R, E, V6) .... .... .... .0.. .... .... = AT: Not set .... .... .... ..0. .... .... = L: Not set .... .... .... ...0 .... .... = AF: Not set .... .... .... .... ..1. .... = DC: Set .... .... .... .... ...1 .... = R: Set .... .... .... .... .... 0... = N: Not set .... .... .... .... .... .0.. = MC: Not set .... .... .... .... .... ..1. = E: Set .... .... .... .... .... ...1 = V6: Set Link-local Interface Address: fe80::c801:fff:fe04:8

IPv6 For Life +33781248989


THE LSA WITH NEW NAMES

INTER-AREA-ROUTER LSA (Type 4) This LSA is generated by an ABR when it receives External LSA Type 5 from a router in its area. It advertises this ASBR to the other Areas so they can build a route to the next hop of the routes advertised by the ASBR. R1#sh ipv6 ospf data inter-area router

OSPFv3 Router with ID (10.0.0.1) (Process ID 1)

Inter Area Router Link States (Area 0)

Routing Bit Set on this LSA LS age: 137 Options: (V6-Bit, E-Bit, R-bit, DC-Bit) LS Type: Inter Area Router Links Link State ID: 167772163 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.2 LS Seq Number: 80000001 Checksum: 0x706F Length: 32 Metric: 1 Destination Router ID: 10.0.0.3

The Inter-Area-Prefix LSA (type 3) was called Summary LSA before. By default, an ABR generate one LSA for each route unless you can summarise the Area with one address which is the typical configuration.As ABR generate one LSA per route we can say that OSPF is a Distance-Vector protocol between two areas.

INTER-AREA-PREFIX LSA (Type 3) R1#sh ipv6 ospf data inter-area prefix


Inter Area Prefix Link States (Area 0)

Routing Bit Set on this LSA LS age: 9 LS Type: Inter Area Prefix Links Link State ID: 0 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.2 LS Seq Number: 80000001 Checksum: 0x6A4D Length: 44 Metric: 1 Prefix Address: 2001:DB8::3 Prefix Length: 128, Options: None

R1#

IPv6 For Life +33781248989


OSPF Architecture

Architecture did not change from OSPFv2 and OSPFv3. We still have the concepts of Area, Stub Area and ABR to interconnect an Area to the backbone Area 0. ASBR are still used to advertise External Routes.

IPv6 For Life +33781248989

Page �18 Saturday 15 November 2014 Fred Bovy This translates to a hierarchy in routing:

A router will always prefer an Intra Area OSPF Route to any other route for the same destination. Then the next choice is Inter-Area OSPF Routes, then External Type 1 and finally External Type 2. This is the only example I know where the longest match rule is not the preferred rule to select a route.

Example of Multi-Area Autonomous System:

R1, R2 and R3 are in Area 0

R5 is in Stub area 2

R4, R6, R7 R1 and R3 are in Area 1

With a basic configuration we can check OSPFv3 neighbours of each router: R1>sh ipv6 ospf ne

Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Interface ID Interface 10.0.0.2 1 FULL/BDR 00:00:37 6 GigabitEthernet1/0 10.0.0.3 1 FULL/BDR 00:00:35 6 GigabitEthernet0/0 10.0.0.7 1 FULL/BDR 00:00:33 6 GigabitEthernet3/0 10.0.0.4 1 FULL/BDR 00:00:37 5 GigabitEthernet2/0

First remark is that OSPFv3 configure eqch interface as a BROADCAST IPv6 OSPF Interface. This is why each router is adjacent with a BDP beeing itself the DR as we can check:

R1>sh ipv6 ospf int g0/0 GigabitEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up Link Local Address FE80::C801:FFF:FE97:8, Interface ID 5 Area 0, Process ID 1, Instance ID 0, Router ID 10.0.0.1 Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1 Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1 Designated Router (ID) 10.0.0.1, local address FE80::C801:FFF:FE97:8 Backup Designated router (ID) 10.0.0.3, local address FE80::C803:FFF:FE9B:1C Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5 Hello due in 00:00:05 Index 1/2/2, flood queue length 0 Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)/0x0(0) Last flood scan length is 0, maximum is 3 Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1 Adjacent with neighbor 10.0.0.3 (Backup Designated Router) Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)

This is a waste of time as the election of the DR/BDR slowdown the convergence. It also makes the Database bigger and more complex with a Network-LSA for each Gigabit Interface. If we got Point-to-Point interface we should configure it as point to point.

R1>show ipv6 ospf database router adv-router 10.0.0.1


Router Link States (Area 0)

LS age: 923 Options: (V6-Bit, E-Bit, R-bit, DC-Bit) LS Type: Router Links Link State ID: 0 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.1 LS Seq Number: 80000010 Checksum: 0x7034 Length: 56 Area Border Router Number of Links: 2

Link connected to: a Transit Network

IPv6 For Life +33781248989

Page �19 Saturday 15 November 2014 Fred Bovy Link Metric: 1 Local Interface ID: 6 Neighbor (DR) Interface ID: 6 Neighbor (DR) Router ID: 10.0.0.1

Link connected to: a Transit Network Link Metric: 1 Local Interface ID: 5 Neighbor (DR) Interface ID: 5 Neighbor (DR) Router ID: 10.0.0.1


LS age: 1411 Options: (V6-Bit, E-Bit, R-bit, DC-Bit) LS Type: Router Links Link State ID: 0 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.1 LS Seq Number: 8000000B Checksum: 0x3B66 Length: 56 Area Border Router Number of Links: 2



R2 is an ABR so it has a DB for Area 0 and a database for Area 1. It points to transit network with the address of the DR. The we need to check the LSA generated by this DR to find all neighbours of this network: R1>show ipv6 ospf database network adv-router 10.0.0.1


Net Link States (Area 0)

LS age: 1224 Options: (V6-Bit, E-Bit, R-bit, DC-Bit) LS Type: Network Links Link State ID: 5 (Interface ID of Designated Router) Advertising Router: 10.0.0.1 LS Seq Number: 80000005 Checksum: 0x3F9D Length: 32 Attached Router: 10.0.0.1 Attached Router: 10.0.0.3

LS age: 219 Options: (V6-Bit, E-Bit, R-bit, DC-Bit) LS Type: Network Links Link State ID: 6 (Interface ID of Designated Router) Advertising Router: 10.0.0.1 LS Seq Number: 80000006 Checksum: 0x25B6 Length: 32 Attached Router: 10.0.0.1 Attached Router: 10.0.0.2

IPv6 For Life +33781248989

Page �20 Saturday 15 November 2014 Fred Bovy Net Link States (Area 1)

LS age: 1712 Options: (V6-Bit, E-Bit, R-bit, DC-Bit) LS Type: Network Links Link State ID: 7 (Interface ID of Designated Router) Advertising Router: 10.0.0.1 LS Seq Number: 80000005 Checksum: 0x39A0 Length: 32 Attached Router: 10.0.0.1 Attached Router: 10.0.0.4

LS age: 1714 Options: (V6-Bit, E-Bit, R-bit, DC-Bit) LS Type: Network Links Link State ID: 8 (Interface ID of Designated Router) Advertising Router: 10.0.0.1 LS Seq Number: 80000005 Checksum: 0x597C Length: 32 Attached Router: 10.0.0.1 Attached Router: 10.0.0.7

This is overkill and not needed as we just need to know the Router-ID of the Neighbour. Also DR/BDR election starts with 40 seconds listening and doing nothing so it is really a waste of time when we have a Point-to-Point.

Let’s configure all our point to point correctly.: R6(config)#int g0/0 R6(config-if)#ipv6 ospf network point-to-point

Then R1 neighbours look like:

R1#sh ipv6 ospf neighbor *Nov 15 18:58:24.439: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console

Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Interface ID Interface 10.0.0.2 1 FULL/ - 00:00:37 6 GigabitEthernet1/0 10.0.0.3 1 FULL/ - 00:00:36 6 GigabitEthernet0/0 10.0.0.7 1 FULL/ - 00:00:39 6 GigabitEthernet3/0 10.0.0.4 1 FULL/ - 00:00:34 5 GigabitEthernet2/0 R1#

No more DR or BDR on Point-to-Point and if we look a Router LSA, it is much more simple no more need for pointing to a Network LSA:

R1#sh ipv6 ospf data router adv 10.0.0.1



LS age: 533 Options: (V6-Bit, E-Bit, R-bit, DC-Bit) LS Type: Router Links Link State ID: 0 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.1 LS Seq Number: 80000015 Checksum: 0xCCD0 Length: 56 Area Border Router Number of Links: 2

Link connected to: another Router (point-to-point) Link Metric: 1 Local Interface ID: 6 Neighbor Interface ID: 6 Neighbor Router ID: 10.0.0.2

IPv6 For Life +33781248989




LS age: 305 Options: (V6-Bit, E-Bit, R-bit, DC-Bit) LS Type: Router Links Link State ID: 0 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.1 LS Seq Number: 80000010 Checksum: 0xA1F7 Length: 56 Area Border Router Number of Links: 2



Please notice that there is no IPv6 address in the Router and Network LSA, they are in the Int-Area_Prefix LSA:

R1#sh ipv6 ospf data prefix adv-router 10.0.0.1


Intra Area Prefix Link States (Area 0)

Routing Bit Set on this LSA LS age: 1970 LS Type: Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA Link State ID: 0 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.1 LS Seq Number: 80000006 Checksum: 0x7207 Length: 52 Referenced LSA Type: 2001 Referenced Link State ID: 0 Referenced Advertising Router: 10.0.0.1 Number of Prefixes: 1 Prefix Address: 2001:DB8::1 Prefix Length: 128, Options: LA, Metric: 0

We can also check the Inter-Area-Router LSA that R1 and R3 makes to advertise R6 as an ASBR:

R1#sh ipv6 ospf data inter-area router


Inter Area Router Link States (Area 0)

LS age: 1117 Options: (V6-Bit, E-Bit, R-bit, DC-Bit) LS Type: Inter Area Router Links Link State ID: 167772166

IPv6 For Life +33781248989

Page �22 Saturday 15 November 2014 Fred Bovy Advertising Router: 10.0.0.1 LS Seq Number: 80000004 Checksum: 0x8650 Length: 32 Metric: 2 Destination Router ID: 10.0.0.6

LS age: 736 Options: (V6-Bit, E-Bit, R-bit, DC-Bit) LS Type: Inter Area Router Links Link State ID: 167772166 Advertising Router: 10.0.0.3 LS Seq Number: 80000002 Checksum: 0x7E58 Length: 32 Metric: 2 Destination Router ID: 10.0.0.6

R1#

IPv6 For Life +33781248989


IPv6 For Life +33781248989


]

IPv6 For Life +33781248989

ospfv3 news version 2

Technology