our goal is to help you understand: what is engineering? · 2015. 6. 29. · survey...
TRANSCRIPT
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…and how is it different than science?
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What is Engineering?
Our goal is to help you understand:
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What do you think an engineer does?
Can you name any famous engineers?
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Some famous engineers Thomas Edison
Bill Nye (The Science Guy)
Leonardo Da Vinci Pres. Herbert Hoover
Marissa Mayer (CEO of Yahoo!)
Mae Jemison (Astronaut)
J. Ernest Wilkins (Manhattan Project)
Charles Babbage
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1999 – 2003 Cornell University (BS in ChBE) Fall 2001 Merck (Intern in Manufacturing Support, Varivax®) Summ 2002 Merck (Intern in Process Validation) 2003 – 2004 Bristol-Myers Squibb (Protein Purification Scientist) 2004 – 2010 University of Illinois, Urbana/Champaign (PhD in ChBE) 2010 – 2013 Harvard Medical School (Post-doc in Microbiology) 2013 – present Tufts University (Assistant Professor of ChBE)
Short Bio of Prof. Nik Nair
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Understand microbial physiology, adaptation
and evolution
Engineer them for biochemical & biomedical
applications
Systems Bioengineering & Synthetic Biology Lab
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• Biology and Engineering
– Hypothesis-driven ― Design-driven
– Discovery-driven ― Invention-driven
The Scientific Method
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…and how is it different than science? What is Engineering?
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…and how is it different than science? What is Engineering?
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What is Engineering?
• Not just about building cars, robots, and bridges
• Engineering is involved in any type of invention and optimization
• Synthetic biology is engineering with biology
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What is Synthetic Biology?
• Designing and building/modifying organisms for specified needs
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What is Synthetic Biology?
• Needs addressed in various fields
– Biomedical
– Chemical
Metabolomix
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What is Synthetic Biology?
• Needs addressed in various fields
– Biomedical
– Chemical
– Energy
Amyris
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What is Synthetic Biology?
• Needs addressed in various fields
– Biomedical
– Chemical
– Energy
– Agricultural
– Environmental
http://www.integraenvironmental.com/Images/1contaminant.gif
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What is Synthetic Biology?
• Needs addressed in various fields
– Biomedical
– Chemical
– Energy
– Agricultural
– Environmental
– Scientific
– “Cool stuff”
• “Jurassic Park”
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What is Synthetic Biology?
• Needs addressed in various fields
– Biomedical
– Chemical
– Energy
– Agricultural
– Environmental
– Scientific
– “Cool stuff”
• Fluorescent pets
BioGlow AvatarTM
GloFish
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The Experiment
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Parts of a sensor
Input (external stimulus) (eg: movement)
Detector (recognizes input, creates signal) (eg: motion detector)
Actuator (takes input signal and converts it to output) (eg: switch)
Output (detectable signal) (eg: light)
A motion sensor
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Biological sensor
Input (external stimulus) (eg: movement)
Detector (recognizes input, creates signal) (eg: motion detector)
Actuator (takes input signal and converts it to output) (eg: switch)
Output (detectable signal) (eg: light)
Pathogen metabolite
Binding protein
Cellular protein production machinery
Fluorescent protein
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Forensic investigation of infection
• Candida albicans infects the intestines
• Causes a disease called Candidiasis
• Arabinose: metabolite (biological chemical) produced by Candida excreted in urine (not in uninfected people)
• Biosensor is responsive to arabinose
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Where is “patient zero” from?
• Patients with symptoms of Candidiasis test for the diagnosed with the biosensor
• # of cases vary with town
• Seem to be clustered in certain towns near the Mystic River
• Remember: the disease likely travels downriver only
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Find “ground zero”
CAMBRIDGE
CHARLESTOWN
ALLSTON
ARLINGTON
WINCHESTER
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Find “ground zero”
CAMBRIDGE
CHARLESTOWN
ALLSTON
ARLINGTON
WINCHESTER The infection travels downriver
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“Ground zero” is Somerville
CAMBRIDGE
CHARLESTOWN
ALLSTON
ARLINGTON
5
0
0
1 4
0 0
2 3 0
0
WINCHESTER
0
3 0
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Survey
• Participation in the survey is optional
• The purpose of the survey is to help us understand how effective we were at explaining the concepts of engineering
• They survey should take ~5 min
• The survey will not affect you grade in any way
• The survey will remain completely anonymous – please don’t write you name or any other identifying information
• If you have any questions or concerns, please contact Mr. Cieri or Dr. Nair
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More questions about engineering?
• Prof. Nair: [email protected]
• Josef Bober: [email protected]
• Venkatesh Gopi: [email protected]
• Marilyn Allen: [email protected]
• Can also Google “Nair lab Tufts” to find us.