NATALIYA MOSKALENKO nat-moskalenko@hotmail.comEarth Cryosphere Institute SB RAS

OVERVIEW of VEGETATION, DYNAMICS,DISTURBANCE and RECOVERYRECOVERY STUDIES

in the NADYM and YAMAl AREAS

YAMAL PLANT COMMUNITY MAP

Marre-Sale grid

SUBZONE D

.

Map unit Description Communities

Zone B

9 Moist acidic

moss-sedge tundra

Aulacomnium turgidum -

Carex arctisibirica

15 Wet acidic moss -

sedge mire

Calliergon sarmentosum -

Carex stans+Eriophorum

polystachion

Zone C

24 Dry acidic

prostrate dwarf

shru b-sedge -

lichen tundra

Salix nummularia -Carex

arctisibirica -Alectoria

ochroleuca

Cetraria cucullata -

Hierochloe alpina

27 Moist acidic

sedge -moss tundra

Carex arctisibirica -

Aulacomnium turgidum

32 Moist nonacidic

and acidic

prostrate dwarf

shrub -sedge -

moss tundra

Dryas subincisa+Salix

polaris -Carex arctisibirica -

Dicranum elongatum

33 Wet acidic

sedge -grass-

moss mire

Carex stans -Calliergon

sarmentosum+Drepano -

cladus exannulatus

Carex stans+Eriophorum

polystachion -Calliergon

sarmentosum+Sphagnum

squarrosum

35 Wet saline grass -

sedge meadows

Puccinellia phryganodes -

Carex subspathacea

38 Riparian acidic

sedge -moss bogs

and willow -forb

shrublands

Carex stans + Eriophorum

polystachion -Calliergon

sarmentosum

Salix glauca -Pedicularis

sudetica

Zone D

43 Dry acidic

dwarf shrub -

lichen tundra

Salix nummularia

+Dryas subincisa -

Cetraria cucullata

44 Dry acidic

dwarf shrub -

moss -lichen

tundra

Ledum decumbens -

Vaccinium minus -

Cetraria cucullata +

Racomitrium

lanuginosum

50 Moist acidic

dwarf shrub -

sedge-moss

tundra

Betula nana -Carex

arctisibirica -Dicranum

congestum+

Aulacomnium

turgidum

Eriophorum

vaginatum -Sphagnum

lenense 58 Moist

nonacidic

prostrate

dwarf shrub -

low shrub -

forb -moss

tundra

Dryas punctata -

Saxifraga nels oniana -

Dicranum congestum

Salix glauca+Salix

lanata -Petasites

frigidus -Aulacomnium

palustre

65 Wet acidic

sedge-dwarf

shrub -moss

mire

Carex aquatilis -

Drepanocladus

exannulatus+D. fluitans

Ledum decumbens -

Carex stans -Sphagnum

lenense 69 Riparian

acidic sedge-

moss mire

and low

shrub -sedge-

moss tundra

Carex stans -

Drepanocladus

revolvens -Meesia

triquerta

Salix lanata+Salix

glauca -Carex stans -

Aulacomnium turgidum

+ Tomentypnum nitens

Zone E

76 Dry acidic

dwarf shrub -

sedge -lichen -

moss tundra

Ledum decumbens -

Vaccinium vitis -

idaea+Empetrum

subholarcticum -Cladina

mitis

Dryas subincisa -Carex

arctisibirica -Cladina

rangiferina+Racomitriu

m lanuginosum

78 Dry

nonacidic low

shrub -

prostrate

dwarf shrub -

forb-lichen -

moss tundra

Dryas subincisa

+Diapensia lapponica -

Pedicularis sudetica -

Alectoria ochroleuca +

Racomitrium

lanuginosum

Salix glauca+S. lanata -

Petasites frigidus -

Aulacomnium palustre

82 Moist acidic

dwarf shrub -

sedge -moss -

lichen tu ndra

Betula nana+Salix

pulchra -Aulacomnium

turgidum+Dicranum

elongatum+Cladina

\stellaris

Eriophorum vaginatum

- Sphagnum balticum 83 Moist acidic

dwarf shrub -

low shrub -

forb-moss -

lichen tundra

Betula nana -Dryas

punctata - Aulacomnium

turgidum+Cladina

stellaris

Salix lanata -Vaccinium

microphyllum -

Polemonium

acutiflorum -

Aulacomnium palustre

94 Wet acidic

low shrub -

dwarf shrub -

sedge-forb-

moss-lichen

mire

Salix lapponum -Betula

nana-Carex aquatilis -

Calliergon stramineum+

Sphagnum lindbergii

Ledum palustre+

Eriophorum vaginatum -

Rubus chamaemorus -

Sphagnum fuscum+

Cladina stellaris

LEGEND OF PLANT COMMUNITY MAP

Polygonal bog on Yamal Polygonal bog on Yamal

Ledum palustre

Cladina stellaris

Cladina stellaris

Cetraria nivalis

Cetraria nivalis

Map unit Map unit

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

B

9

15

Map unit

Frequency,

%

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

C

Map unit

Frequency, %

24

27

323833 35

0

10

20

30

40

50

D Frequency,

%

43

44

50

58 65 69

0

10

20

30

E Frequency,

%

7678 82

83 94 101

Frequency of plant communities in Yamal subzones

Interactions between plant communities andsoil moisture andpermafrost temperature.

MAP UNITS

Permafrost temperature(T),0C

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

-8

-7

-6

-5

-4

-3

-2

-1

0

W

T

Moisture content (W), mm

434450586569

Vegetationmap ofNadymregion

Plant communities

Forest: 1 - birch-larch and birch -pine shrub -lichen sparse forests on dry gentle sandy sites; 5 - larch sedge -shrub -

moss open woodland with hummocky microrelief on slightly drained sites; 6 - spruce -larch shrub -lichen -green moss forests on dry sites of plains, composed by clay; 7 - spruce -larch shrub -moss sparse forests and open woodland on

slightly drained sites, composed by clay with hummocky microrelief and small active layer thickness; 9 - spruce -

birch-larch shrub -sedge -moss forest s on flood plains; 10 - spruce -larch sedge -shrub -peat moss open wood on flat

boggy flood plains with hummocks; 11 - sands, deprived the vegetation cover on disturbed sites; 14 – cedar -birch

forb-shrub forests on flood plains ; 15 – cedar -birch grass-shrub -moss forests on flood plains ; 17 – settlements on

early forestry sites.

Meadows: 33 – forb – grass; 36 – spits and beaches with fragments of meadow vegetation.

Mires: 37 - sedge -moss mires; 38 - shrub -sedge -peat moss hummocky bogs with lenses of frozen g rounds.

Peatlands: 43 - flat cloudberry -shrub lichen -moss and moss -lichen peatlands with sedge -moss pools; 45 - peatlands

with sedge -shrub -moss-lichen cover on palsa and sedge -peat moss - on pools between palsa.

Red lines – linear and area disturbances.

LEGEND OF NADYM VEGETATION MAP

Flat peatland before disturbance

Flat peatland in 30 years afterdisturbance

FREQUENCY OF LEDUM IN NATURAL (1)

AND DISTURBED (2) CONDITIONSy = -0,0232x

2 + 92,865x - 92952

R2 = 0,8001

y = -0,1072x2 + 426,36x - 423754

R2 = 0,572

0

20

40

60

80

100

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

YEARS

%1

2

THAWING INDEX ( 0

C.month) OF

AIR TEMPERATURES

y = -0,0075x2 + 30,093x - 30085

R2 = 0,1915

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 YEARS

T, 0_

SUMMER PRECIPITATION

y = 0,1301x2 - 516,06x + 511946

R2 = 0,0521

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

YEARS

Pre

cip

itati

on

s,m

m

Flat peatland

Ledum palustre

_

0

5

1 0

1 5

2 0

2 5

3 0

3 5

4 0

4 5

5 0

1

%

_

0

10

20

30

40

50

1

%

1

0

10

20

30

40

%

III

1

0

10

20

30

40

50% IY

1

0

1 0

2 0

3 0

4 0

5 0%

Y

1

0

10

20

30

40

50

%

YI

1

0

10

20

30

40

50% II

1

0

20

40

60

80

%

I

___ __ ___ ___ ________ ___

_______ ___

Frequency of plant growth forms within flatpeatland in subzone D.

I – not disturbed, II – in the year of disturbance, III – 3 years after disturbance,IY – 6 years after disturbance, Y – 8 years after disturbance, YI – 18 yearsafter disturbance. 1 - Chamaephytes, 2 – hemicryptophytes, 3 – cryptophytes.

11 2 31 2 3

_

0

5

1 0

1 5

2 0

2 5

3 0

3 5

4 0

4 5

5 0

1

%

_

0

10

20

30

40

50

1

%

1

0

10

20

30

40

%

III

1

0

10

20

30

40

50% IY

1

0

1 0

2 0

3 0

4 0

5 0%Y

1

0

10

20

30

40

50

%

YI

1

0

10

20

30

40

50% II

1

0

20

40

60

80

%I

___ __ ___ ___ ________ ___

_______ ___

Frequency of plant growth forms within flatpeatland in typical tundra (subzone D)

I – not disturbed, II – in the year of disturbance, III – 3 years after disturbance,IY – 6 years after disturbance, Y – 8 years after disturbance, YI – 18 yearsafter disturbance. 1 - Chamaephytes, 2 – hemicryptophytes, 3 – cryptophytes.

11 2 31 2 3

Aboveground plant biomass ofhummocky tundra in natural (a) and

disturbed (b) conditions (Nadym site)

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350g/m2

1 2 3 4

species a b

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600g/m2

1 2 3

species a b

Vascular plants1- Ledum palustre, 2 – Betulanana, 3 -Vaccinium vitis-idaea,4 – Carex globularis

Lichens and mosses1 – Cladina, 2 – Sphagnum,3 - Polytrichum

Autocorrelation coefficient (А)for Polytrichum commune and

air temperature (В)•

•

B

Vegetation horizontal structure of frost moundin natural (A) and disturbed (B) conditions

Microrelief:- Flat surface- dishes- hummocks

• Microrelief:• - hummocks• - peat hummocks• - sandy surface• - tussocks• - water

- вода- вода

If you need more informtion on this - please specify.

A B

Температура почвы наглубине 20 см.

Ненарушенный бугорпучения (А).

Нарушенный бугорпучения (Б)

Frost mound before disturbanceSoil temperature (0C)at the depth 20 cm

Frost mound after disturbance

А

B

А

B

•

Active layer and frequency of indicator species on Parisento station

Active layer thickness, cm (1992)

Rubus chamaemorus (frequency,%)

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

Alectoria (frequency, %)

Eriophorum vaginatum (frequency,%)

Sphaerophorus globosus (frequency,%)

Cetraria nivalis (frequency,%)

Active -layer and frequency of indicator species in subzone D.

Rate of vegetation recovery after disturbanceRate of vegetation recovery

Flat plainsFast (80-100%)

Slow (60-80%)

Very slow (30-50%)

Hilly plains

Slow Fast

Veryslow

hills ravines

Fast

Veryslow

Slow

SUMMARY

•• Vegetation of West Siberia North finds out essential floristic and physiognomyVegetation of West Siberia North finds out essential floristic and physiognomydifferences caused by geological and climatic features of this region. Only mire anddifferences caused by geological and climatic features of this region. Only mire andhalophyte plant communities in different halophyte plant communities in different subzonessubzones find out significant similarity. find out significant similarity.

•• The analysis of the compiled vegetation maps has allowed studding spatialThe analysis of the compiled vegetation maps has allowed studding spatialstructure of vegetation at different levels of research - from regional up to local.structure of vegetation at different levels of research - from regional up to local.

•• Repeated mapping has enabled to investigate vegetation dynamics under impact Repeated mapping has enabled to investigate vegetation dynamics under impactof anthropogenic factor.of anthropogenic factor.

•• The ecological factors determining development of plant communities are revealedThe ecological factors determining development of plant communities are revealedon materials of long-term stationary observations , and also revealed theon materials of long-term stationary observations , and also revealed theparameters describing changes of vegetation as a result of climatic changes andparameters describing changes of vegetation as a result of climatic changes andanthropogenic impact (species structure, coverage, frequency, biomass).anthropogenic impact (species structure, coverage, frequency, biomass).

•• The water and thermal regime of soil are the main environmental factors inThe water and thermal regime of soil are the main environmental factors indevelopment of West Siberia plant communities.development of West Siberia plant communities.

•• Studying interactions of different ecosystem components has allowed revealingStudying interactions of different ecosystem components has allowed revealinggeobotanicalgeobotanical indicators of seasonal thaw depths. indicators of seasonal thaw depths.

..

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