owner operator: blackwater explorations ltd. report …

OWNER OPERATOR:

BLACKWATER EXPLORATIONS LTD.

REPORT ON

RESISTIVITY PROFILING SURVEY

PLACER GOLD EXPLORATION

CARIBOO MINING DISTRICT NTS 93G

CLAIM PC682023

Latitude 53° 13’ 35.64” Longitude 122° 49’ 40.65”

by

Russell A. Hillman, P.Eng.

August, 2016 PROJECT BLK-570/8

tfuller

Text Box

BC Geological Survey Assessment Report 36381

(ii)

CONTENTS

page 1. INTRODUCTION 1 2. THE D.C. RESISTIVITY METHOD 3 2.1 Equipment 3 2.2 Survey Procedure 3 2.3 Data Reduction 3 3. GEOPHYSICAL RESULTS 4 3.1 General 4 3.2 Discussion 4 4. LIMITATIONS 5 5. STATEMENT OF QUALIFICATIONS 8 6. STATEMENT OF COSTS 9

TABLES

location Table 1 Field Resistivity Data Page 6/7

ILLUSTRATIONS

location Figure 1 Survey Location Plan Page 2 Figure 2 Site Plan Appendix Figure 3 Resistivity Traverse RL-L Appendix Figure 4 Resistivity Traverse RL-M Appendix Figure 5 Resistivity Traverse RL-N Appendix

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1. INTRODUCTION In the period July 30 to August 9, 2016, a D.C resistivity profiling survey was carried out on behalf of Blackwater Explorations Ltd. on claim 682023 in the Cariboo Mining District. The property is in good standing until August 14, 2017. The purpose of the survey was to expand on previous surveying* and provide geological evidence of the existence of a potential northwest-southeast trending paleo-channel on the property. This elongate, topographic low feature was identified by inspection of satellite imagery and air photos and located by traversing the numerous logging roads in the area. A Survey Location Plan of the area is shown at a scale of 1:200,000 in Figure 1. Direct current resistivity measurements of ground conditions were completed to fill in information in the region of the most southwesterly coverage in the site area. Resistivity lines RL-L,RL-M and RL-N are the most northerly of the geophysical investigations to date and were carried out north of Blackwater Mountain and along the northern extension of the Charleson Creek FSR. A Site Plan illustrating the locations of previous and current resistivity traverses is shown at 1:75,000 scale in Figure 2, in the Appendix. Apparent resistivity measurements were recorded at 32 locations, with the spacing between readings maintained at 50 m intervals. Recorded resistance readings were converted to apparent resistivities for each 50 m station along the traverses. The Blackwater X claim, PC682023 is 42 km northwest of Quesnel. Access to the claim is by the north Fraser Hwy. to Bouchie Lake, then by Blackwater Road to Charleston Creek (1100) Road. The 1100-J Road, the 1100-K Rd and the Charleston Creek Ranch's ATV trails access various parts of the 12 Km long claim. The site discussed herein was reached by the Charleson Creek Forest Service Road. The claim covers an area of 1257.68 hectares. * Blackwater Explorations Ltd., Resistivity Profiling Survey, Placer Gold Exploration, Quesnel, B.C., September, 2012. Russell A. Hillman, P.Eng. Project BLK-570/2 * Blackwater Explorations Ltd., Resistivity Profiling Survey, Placer Gold Exploration, Quesnel, B.C., April, 2013. Russell A. Hillman, P.Eng. Project Blk-570/3 * Blackwater Explorations Ltd., Resistivity Profiling Survey, Placer Gold Exploration, Quesnel, B.C., August, 2013. Russell A. Hillman, P.Eng. Project Blk-570/4 * Blackwater Explorations Ltd., Resistivity Profiling Survey, Placer Gold Exploration, Quesnel, B.C., April, 2014. Russell A. Hillman, P. Eng. Project BLK-570/5 * Blackwater Explorations Ltd., Resistivity Profiling Survey, Placer Gold Exploration, Quesnel, B.C., August, 2014. Russell A. Hillman, P. Eng. Project BLK-570/6 * Blackwater Explorations Ltd., Resistivity Profiling survey, Placer Gold Exploration, Quesnel, B.C., November,2015, Russell A. Hillman, P.Eng. Project BLK-570/7

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500000E 505000E 510000E 515000E 520000E 525000E 530000E 535000E

5870

000N

5875

000N

5880

000N

5885

000N

5890

000N

5895

000N

5900

000N

5905

000N

SURVEYAREA

K ROAD

J ROAD

CH

AR

LESO

N C

REE

K F

SR

KILOMETRES

0 2 4 6 8

FIG. 1SCALE 1:200,000DATE: AUG. 2016

SURVEY LOCATION PLAN

ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY SURVEY

BLACKWATER PROJECTBLACKWATER EXPLORATIONS

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2. THE D.C. RESISTIVITY METHOD 2.1 Equipment The D.C. resistivity survey was carried out using an ABEM SAS-300B electrical resistivity system, with the associated interconnect cables and stainless steel electrodes. The purpose of the electrical surveying was to determine the subsurface resistivity distribution by recording measurements on the ground surface. The ground resistivity is related to various geological parameters such as the clay mineral and fluid content, porosity, and degree of water saturation in overburden layering and the underlying bedrock. Wenner soundings were obtained by applying a direct current or very low frequency synchronous alternating current to the ground through a pair of electrodes and measuring the resulting potential established by this current across a second set of electrodes. Electrical noise originating from industrial currents or natural earth currents are significantly reduced by the use of synchronous detection incorporated in the design of the SAS-300B, in which the transmitter current and receiver polarity are reversed periodically at a frequency of less than one Hertz. Noise, which is asynchronous with the switching frequency, is then averaged out. 2.2 Survey Procedure Field procedure consisted of driving 4 stainless steel metal electrodes into the shallow subsurface at intervals of 50 metres along the ground surface. Electrical current was then applied to the exterior two electrodes with the resulting potential in volts, recorded by the interior pair of electrodes. In the Wenner array, the spacing between the four in-line electrodes is the same. In this investigation, the ‘a’ spacing between the electrodes was maintained at 50 metres. Resistance readings were recorded over several cycles of the measuring circuit, until a stable, constant value was confirmed for the reading. 2.3 Data Reduction Standard geometric factors exist for common electrode arrays such as Wenner, Schlumberger and Dipole-Dipole. In the Wenner array, the geometric factor is 2 a, where ‘a’ is the electrode spacing. In this survey, the electrode spacing was maintained at 50 metres. In order to obtain resistivity values at each location, the geometric factor was multiplied by the recorded resistance reading in ohms.

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3. GEOPHYSICAL RESULTS 3.1 General The results of the resistivity traversing of lines RL-L, RL-M and RL-N are illustrated at 1:1000 horizontal and 1:5000 vertical scales in Figures 3,4 and 5 in the Appendix. Line RL-L was approximately 480 m in length, with line RL-M approximately 720 m in length. Line RL-N was the shortest traverse and was about 320m in length. The data for the three resistivity lines are listed in Table 1 on Page 6 and 7. 3.2 Discussion The resistivity data for line RL-L shown in Figure 3, indicates a strong low resistivity zone centered on readings L4 and L5 bracketed by consistently higher readings to the northeast and southwest. The resistivity values to either side of the resistivity low rise to the southwest and northeast suggesting that more electrically resistive bedrock may be extant at increasingly shallower depths to either end of the traverse. Conversely, deeper bedrock and greater overburden thicknesses may underlie the more electrically conductive zone underlying readings L4 and L5. Alternate geological conditions could readily result in the data for line RL-L however, the profile may suggest a bedrock channel underlying the traverse centred on readings L4 and L5. The resistivity data for line RL-M lacks the strong variability of the adjacent line RL-L. There is a resistivity low centred at readings M6 and M7. The resistivity values increase to either side of the low values but they are lower in amplitude than the higher readings along line RL-L. The overall data for line RL-M may reflect greater overburden thicknesses at M6 and M7, with a thinning of overburden and shallower bedrock to either side of the resistivity low. A possible explanation for the recorded values along line RL-M may be the strike of the line. Line RL-M was surveyed in a more north- south orientation than line RL-L. Line RL-L was positioned to intersect a postulated southeast- northwest trending channel at right angles, which would yield the maximum resistivity values at, and to either side of the channel. The orientation of line RL-M was more in-line with the postulated channel which would have resulted in less variability and is consistent with the resistivity values recorded. The data for line RL-N shows two very high readings that may reflect either very shallow bedrock, localized resistive dry soil or coarse overburden or possibly poor electrode contact. The data for the traverse does indicate a resistivity low at stations N5, N6, and N7 which may suggest deeper overburden. This survey traverse should be extended to the northeast in order to intersect shallow bedrock that may exist off the end of the traverse.

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4. LIMITATIONS D.C. resistivity surveys are successful providing adequate contrasts exist in the subsurface in electrical resistivity between distinct geological materials. Also affecting resistivity are the degree of saturation of materials and the porosity, the concentration of dissolved electrolytes, the temperature and the amount and composition of colloids. Conductors identified in resistivity surveying are diverse and depending on geological settings, may include mineralization, graphite, argillite, shear or fault zones, clay beds, marl, saturated materials, clay till, mineralized leachate and zones of salt water intrusion. Electrically resistive materials include but are not limited to, sand and gravel, dry soils, underground voids and competent bedrock. The highest resistivities are generally recorded in crystalline rock. With few exceptions, no unique resistivity value defines a specific geological material. Penetration depths may be affected by the presence of highly conductive surficial materials that may partially mask deeper geological layering. In addition, the resolution of the resistivity method decreases exponentially with depth. In this survey, penetration depths are estimated to be of the order of 40 metres. Given the diffuse nature of the method resolution is inherently poorer at a depth greater than one wavelength. The survey results can also be influenced by electrode coupling, presence of noise and man-made infrastructure such as pipes, fences, power lines and buried metallic objects. The resistivity values measured with the ABEM Terrameter are accurate and repeatable. The electronically-isolated transmitter sends out well-defined, regulated signal currents. The receiver discriminates noise and measures voltages correlated with the transmitter signal current. Receiver measurements at discrete time intervals are recorded when eddy currents, IP and cable transients decay. The unique integrator and measurement strategy embodied in the Terrameter allows extraction of the signal from natural occurring telluric currents, electrochemical variations at the potential electrodes and power transmission lines. The information in this report is based upon geophysical measurements and field procedures. The data for each individual reading was combined to obtain apparent resistivity. No interpretations or analysis into layer depths, thicknesses and true resistivities was carried out on the data. The results are technical in nature and are considered to be a reasonably accurate presentation of existing apparent resistivities within the limitations of the D.C. Resistivity method. Russell Hillman, P.Eng.

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Table 1 Field Resistivity Data

Line RL-L

Station No. Resistance (ohms) Resistivity (ohm-m)

L1 455 142,938

L2 420 131,943

L3 405 127,230

L4 310 97,386

L5 309 97,072

L6 344 108,067

L7 433 136,026

L8 420 131,943

L9 503 158,017

L10 535 168,070

LineRL-M

Station No. Resistance (ohms) Resistivity (ohm-m)

M1 405 127,230

M2 405 127,230

M3 394 123,775

M4 388 121,890

M5 380 119,377

M6 312 98,014

M7 316 99,271

M8 340 106,811

M9 344 108,067

M10 383 120,319

M11 391 122,832

M12 361 113,408

M13 408 128,173

M14 412 129,429

M15 445 139,796

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Line RL-N

Station No. Resistance (ohms) Resistivity (ohm -m)

N1 188.1 59,091

N2 663 208,281

N3 227 71,312

N4 568 178,438

N5 133.9 42,064

N6 117.9 37,038

N7 138.9 43,635

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5. STATEMENT OF QUALIFICATIONS Russell A. Hillman, P.Eng. Profession: Consulting Geophysicist Education: B.Sc. Geophysics University of British Columbia Professional Associations: Member of the Association of Professional Engineers and Geoscientists of British Columbia (No. 13,042) Member of the European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers Experience:

One year Project Geophysicist, Northway Survey Corporation on airborne geophysical surveys for minerals and petroleum throughout Canada and in Sumatra, Indonesia Three years Engineering Geophysicist, Geo-Recon International, with survey and consulting experience on nuclear power plant and dam sites in British Columbia, Washington and Oregon Ten years staff Geophysicist, Geotechnical Engineering, with survey and consulting experience on dam sites, coal projects, transportation corridors, foundation conditions, landfills, and gravel and placer gold exploration throughout British Columbia, the Yukon, Alberta and the Northwest Territories. Twenty-nine years Geophysicist and President, Frontier Geosciences Inc. Environmental, marine, geotechnical engineering and mineral exploration throughout western Canada, Central and South America, the Caribbean, Africa and Mongolia.

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6. STATEMENT OF COSTS

Field Survey Survey Organization and Equipment Preparation $680.00 Sr. Prospector / Geologist - Guy Carter - mobilization –July 30,2016- 1 day @ $480.00 per day 480.00 - field costs – July31 to Aug.8, 2016- 9 days @ $680.00 per day 6120.00 -demobilization- Aug. 9, 2016 480.00 Field assistant- July 31 to Aug.8, 2016- 9 days@ $280.00 per day 2520.00 Survey Equipment - Resistivity System - July 29, August 10, 2016 -2 days shipping@ $320.00 per day 640.00

-July 30 to August 9, 2016 -10 days @$320.00 per day 3200.00 Vehicle -July 30 to August 9, 2016 – 10 days @ $400.00 per day 4,000.00 Meals - July 30 to August 9, 2016 - 10days @ $80.00 per day 800.00 Accommodation - July 30 to August 8, 2016 - 9 days @ $130.00 per day 1170.00 Report Costs Data Reduction, Interpretation, Report Writing and Preparation - Russell Hillman, P.Eng. – 5.5 days @ $840.00 per day 4,620.00 - office supplies, copying, printing 450.00 -Secretarial services 320.00 Total $25,480.00

501000E 502000E 503000E 504000E 505000E 506000E 507000E 508000E 509000E 510000E 511000E 512000E 513000E 514000E 515000E 516000E 517000E

5892000N

5893000N

5894000N

5895000N

5896000N

5897000N

5898000N

5899000N

5900000N

5901000N

5902000N

F R A S E R R I V

E R

0 750 1500 2250 3000

METRES

FIG. 2SCALE 1:75,000DATE: AUG. 2016

SITE PLAN



RL-ARL-B

RL-C

RL-D

RL-D EXT.

RL-E

RL-E E

XT.

RL-F

RL-GRL-H

RL-I

RL-J

RL-K

RL-N RL-L

RL-

M

K ROAD

J ROAD

CHAR

LESO

N CR

EEK

FSR

LEGEND

AUGUST 2016 RESISTIVITY LINE

MAY 2015 RESISTIVITY LINE


APRIL 2014 RESISTIVITY LINE


APRIL 2013 RESISTIVITY LINE

2012 RESISTIVITY LINE

L1

L2

L3

L4 L5

L6

L7

L8

L9

L10

0NE 20NE 40NE 60NE 80NE 100NE 120NE 140NE 160NE 180NE 200NE 220NE 240NE 260NE 280NE 300NE 320NE 340NE 360NE 380NE 400NE 420NE 440NE 460NE 480NE 500NE

DISTANCE (metres)

90000

100000

110000

120000

130000

140000

150000

160000

170000R

ESIS

TIV

ITY

(ohm

-m)

90000

100000

110000

120000

130000

140000

150000

160000

170000

SW NE

- CR

EEK

- RO

AD (O

VER

GR

OW

N)

METRES

FIG. 3VSCALE 1:5,000HSCALE 1:1,000DATE: AUG. 2016

RESISTIVITY TRAVERSERL-L



0 10 20 30 40

M1 M2

M3M4

M5

M6M7

M8M9

M10M11

M12

M13M14

M15

0NNE 20NNE 40NNE 60NNE 80NNE 100NNE 120NNE 140NNE 160NNE 180NNE 200NNE 220NNE 240NNE 260NNE 280NNE 300NNE 320NNE 340NNE 360NNE 380NNE 400NNE 420NNE 440NNE 460NNE 480NNE 500NNE 520NNE 540NNE 560NNE 580NNE 600NNE 620NNE 640NNE 660NNE 680NNE 700NNE 720NNE 740NNE

DISTANCE (metres)

90000

100000

110000

120000

130000

140000

150000

160000R

ESIS

TIV

ITY

(ohm

-m)

90000

100000

110000

120000

130000

140000

150000

160000

SSW NNE

- CR

EEK

METRES


RESISTIVITY TRAVERSERL-M



0 10 20 30 40

N1

N3

N5

N6

N7

N2 N4

0NE 20NE 40NE 60NE 80NE 100NE 120NE 140NE 160NE 180NE 200NE 220NE 240NE 260NE 280NE 300NE 320NE 340NE

DISTANCE (metres)

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

90000

100000

110000R

ES

ISTI

VIT

Y (o

hm-m

)

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

90000

100000

110000

- CR

EEK

METRES


RESISTIVITY TRAVERSERL-N



0 10 20 30 40

SW NE

(208,281) (178,437)

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