Policy for Curriculum and Competencies

in the 4th Industrial Revolution

(4-IR)

HE Prof Mohamad Nasir, PhD., AK.

Minister for Research, Technology and Higher Education

THE MINISTRY OF RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY AND HIGHER EDUCATION (MORTHE)

THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA

Education World Forum 2018

London, United Kingdom, 22 January 2018

Contents

2

01 Introducing the 4th Industrial Revolution (4-IR) into

INDONESIA

02 Indonesian Science, Technology and Higher

Education Policy and Programs 2015 - 2019

04 Digital Learning Process in the 4-IR

03

Specific Policies and Programs that support

the 4-IR in Indonesia

05 Preparing Human Resources for supporting 4-IR

3

01 INTRODUCING THE 4-IR INTO INDONESIA

An overview of Indonesia - i

4

• Indonesia is the biggest Economy in ASEAN and responsible for

one-third of the lo ’s total GDP. • Indonesian population has 257 million people and consists of

17,500 islands.

• Indonesia has a large domestic consumption base that along

with investment and Government spending have been the main

drives of Indonesia continued growth, estimated at 5.05 % for

2017 by the Bank of Indonesia.

• Endowed by abundant natural resources and growing industrial

se tors, I do esia is o e of the regio ’s ost i porta t investment destinations.

Source:

https://toplink.weforum.org/knowledge/insight/a1Gb0000000LihrEAC/explore/summary

Source: The Readiness for the Future of

Production Report 2018,

the World Economic Forum’s System Initiative on Shaping the Future of

Production.

5

I do esia’s manufacturing sector is currently the 11th largest in the

world and accounts for over 20% of national GDP.

With mining and agricultural products contributing a large share of

I do esia’s e ports, the ou tr ’s Stru ture of Produ tio is relatively low in complexity.

Indonesia has room for improvement across the Drivers of

Production, with the exception of Demand Environment, where it

ranks in the Top 20.

Fueled by a population of over 260 million, the domestic and

foreign markets for Indonesian manufactured products are vast.

Yet human capital is both a strength and challenge for Indonesia.

One of the ountry’s iggest hallenges is developing the right skill sets within its current workforce as production shifts from a

labor-intensive to a knowledge intensive environment.

Therefore, the Indonesian MoRTHE is now developing technical

vocational higher education to produce skillful workers.

.

An overview of Indonesia - ii

An overview of Indonesia - iii

6

• In order to further stimulate the adoption of

emerging technologies into its production systems,

Indonesia continuously improve (i) the ability to

innovate through increased spending on R&D, (ii)

broaden access to the internet and (iii) enhancing

cyber security protection.

• Indonesia benefits from relatively high levels of

foreign direct investment (FDI), and keep on fixing

the infrastructure gaps.

• Furthermore, a strengthened institutional

framework and governance will need to be a crucial

enabler.

Source: Rephrase from The Readiness for the Future of Production Report 2018,

the World Economic Forum’s System Initiative on Shaping the Future of Production.

Initial mapping - country readiness

7.0

5.5

4.5

3.5

ASEAN Benchmark All Others Production

1Axes are on a 10 point scale, but have been magnified to show variances between countries, Source: A.T. Kearney, World Economic Forum

6

Indonesia

India China

Mexico

Drivers of

Production High Potential Entrants Global Leaders

8.0

7.5 Singapore

6.5 Japan 6.0 Malaysia Korea, Rep.

5.0

4.0 Best-fit line Vietnam Thailand

3.0 Philippines

2.5

2.0 Cambodia 1.5

1.0

0.5 Followers Legacy Champions 0.0

1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0

Structure of

Preliminary

Based on the preliminary 4IR Country Readiness Evaluation,

Indonesia is considered as one of the high potential entrants

Indonesia

Mexico

Global competitiveness

2016/2017

ranking comparison

2017/2018 Ranking Country Ranking

5 places

51 51

-

60 55 5 places

Vietnam

8 Source: World Economic Forum, A.T. Kearney

41 36

Key insights

• Indonesia‟s position in the ranking is driven mainly by its large market size (9th) and a relatively robust macroeconomic environment (26th)

• Indonesia is one of the top innovators among the emerging economics

• Indonesia‟s infrastructure index is

improving in the past 5 years thanks

to improved overall infrastructure quality, increased mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions, improved mobility (indicated by available airline seats)

• Further advancements are needed in labor market efficiency elements

e.g. limited women representation,

limited wage determination flexibility

Non-Exhaustive

Mexico

Indonesia

In 2017: Indonesia successfully improved its rank in the latest

Global Competitiveness Index

9

02

INDONESIAN SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND

HIGHER EDUCATION POLICY

2015 - 2019

Vision

- Support national competitiveness through creation of higher quality education combined with science & technology, and innovation capability.

Missions

- Improve access, relevancy, and quality of higher education to produce qualified human resource; and

- Improve innovation and science & technology capability to add value of their product.

10

The Ministry of Research

Technology and Higher

Education (MoRTHE)

Vision & Mission

3

4

2

5

1

Improving the quality of

HE Learning and

Student Affairs

Objective To enhance the relevancy,

quantity and quality of

qualified human resources

with higher education

backgrounds, as well as to

empower science, technology

and innovation, for improving

the Indonesian (national)

competitiveness

Strategic Objective and Goals of the Ministry of Research Technology and Higher Education

• Student Mobility

• International Student Competition

• Mutual Recognition

• Science Techno Parks

• Center of Excellence

• World Class Universities

• Revitalization of Vocational Higher

Education

• Scholarship programs (degree, training,

internship, mobility lecturers and staffs)

• Infrastructure development

• World Class Professors Diasporas

• Joint Research – focusing national research

priorities

• International Publications

• Technoentrepreneurship

• Innovation Incentive Programs

• Commercialization of RD, Innovation

Products

1

2

3

4

5

11

12

Research and Innovation

are done by Universities

and Non Ministerial R&D

Agencies (LPNKs). Their

scientists play active roles

in producing publications,

research products, as well

as innovations.

Indonesian Research

and Innovation System

Universities and

Universities of Applied

Sciences

(around 4,500

universities)

6 Non Ministerial R&D

Agencies (BAPETEN, BATAN,

BPPT, BSN, LAPAN, LIPI)*

*) The Nuclear Energy Regulatory Agency (BAPETEN); The National Nuclear Energy Agency (BATAN); The Agency for

The Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT); The National Standardization Agency (BSN); The National

Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN); The Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)

Indonesian Research and

Inovation System

http://www.bappenas.go.id/index.php?cID=5009?&kid=1423979059

Focus Areas of National Research Master Plan

(RIRN) 2017-2045

13

3. Health and Medicine

4. Information and Communication

5. Transportations

6. Defense and Security

7. Advance Material i.e. Nanotechnology

1. Agriculture and Food

2. Energy, New and Renewable Energy

8. Maritime

9. Disaster Management

10. Socio Humaniora – Art and Culture– Education

14

03

SPECIFIC POLICIES AND PROGRAMS THAT

SUPPORT THE 4-IR IN INDONESIA

Disruption Technology in the era of

15

The 4th Industrial Revolution

Image: from http://www.insidehr.com.au/

Most of the co pa ies use tech ology for arketi g their products through o li e syste – The Economist,

2017

Indonesia needs to improve the quality of

skill workers by mastering digital technology

(Parray, ILO, 2017)

More than 55 % of the world

organizations state that the digital

talent gap is expanding (Linkedin,

2017)

Competency-based Education: Indonesian students have

various and different abilities and capabilities. Technological

assistance will help such students to select the appropriate

academic programs which fit to themselves.

The Internet of Things: will encourage communications

amongst the students, lecturers, tutors, etc, as well as

promote connectivity amongst the educational facilities, ie

research equipments, tools, machineries, libraries, open

access research centers

Virtual/Augmented Reality: will create an environment for

Indonesian students so they could work through virtual

system but with the same programs. Especially for the

complicated practicum who deals with dangerous materials

Artificial Intelligence (AI): online learning platform. Applying

AI will help Indonesian students to adjust with the required

demands that such students need.

DISRUPTIVE TECHNOLOGY IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

Disruptive Innovation In Higher Education

Indonesia Welcomes Best World Class

Universities to operate in Indonesia

and

Indonesia develops online learning and

cyber universities

18

04

Digital Learning Process in the 4 IR

8,8% / 618

thousands

Unemployed university

graduates

The Development of Human

resources in Indonesia

Challenges

In the 4th Industrial Revolution era

36th /137 C’s

Indonesian

Competitiveness

Index

3rd rank: Singapore

23rd rank: Malaysia

32nd rank: Thailand

(WEF, 2017)

(BPS, August 2017)

Employers complains

that the employees do

not have the appropriate

skills

YES 58 % of

Employers

72 % of

Educators

Reference:

Mourshed, Farrell, Barton (2012), Education to Employment:

Designing a System that Works (survey 8.000 universities,

and industries from 24 countries)

Markets need the human

resources with multiple skills,

which is so different with the

old system of higher

education

(Marmolejo, World Bank,

2017). 19

Education and work (job) should be adjusted into the

development of Science and Technology, but still attention

should be given to humanism aspects

“

Education The 4th

Industrial

Revolution

Work fields

and Employers

NO

20

Preparing competitive graduates

Are we ready?

1. Data Literation

2. Technology Literation

3. Human Literation

The ability to understand

mechanical (system) work, to

use the application of

technology like (Coding,

Artificial Intelligence, &

Engineering Principles).

Humanities, Communication

and Design

The ability to read, to analyze,

to use information (Big Data) in

the digital world.

(Aoun, MIT, 2017)

New literacies : In order to produce qualified graduates,

curriculum needs a new orientation,

due to the 4th IR

The old literacies (reading, writing and

math), have to be strengthened as well

as by adding the new literacies, if we

would like to produce qualified human

who can thrive in digital era

The strateg is ho to convince students that the new

literacies could bring them to a

o petiti e perso ?

New literation – facing 4-IR

Indonesia needs to have

21

Universities should

always find methods for

developing the cognitive

capacity of the students,

through implementing

higher order mental skills,

critical and system

thinking It is

important to keep survive

in the 4th industrial

revolution

Skills:

1. Leadership

2. Teamwork

Cultural Agility:

Provide students with the ability to

interact/ work in various global

environment (cross - cultural

situations)

Entrepreneurship (including social

entrepreneurship):

This should be introduced again that

Entrepreneurs be the basic capacity

which is owned by each student

• 1. Thematic study on

various discipline ,

connecting it to the real

world

• 2. Through General /liberal

arts Education.

--------------------------------------

• Internship/co-operation

program (ie. higher order

skills, leadership, team

work) (Northeastern, 2014)

Goal: humans should be useful in their society; therefore, they need

to implement humanities approach, communication and design

“How to teach in the 4th

industrial revolution era ? (Aoun, 2017)

HUMAN LITERATION

22

GEN- IR 4.0 Solution

General Education + The 4th Industrial

Revolution Competency 4.0

Human literacy is part of

the General Education,

which should be

mastered by the

students.

Data and technological

literation courses will be

offered to all students

Data Literatio •

Technological Literation

Hu a Literatio •

General

Education

Cognitive

Ability

Lifelong

learning

•Thinking critically

and systemic,

lateral, & higher

level

•Entrepreneurship

New

Literation

Program Co-

& Extra

Curricular

“

23

Lifelong

Learning

Up to now, there have been many universities

which facilitate the life-long learning.

In USA: 12.8 Million students are facilitated by

special units. These are provided for advanced

students who would like to obtain more and or new

knowledge/skills/competencies, which are suitable

to dynamic technologies or jobs requirements.

NEVER ENDING STUDY

Lifelong learning should be facilitated by universities, as the

education activity (because education will never stop though degree

certificate was received before)

“

Lifelong learning is becoming an economic imperative (Economist, 2017)

24

“One Professor Thousand Students”

One lecturer (which is accompanied by tutor/assistant/mentor, could teach a big class.

On the other hand, a lecturer could teach certain program study in universities with lack of

lecturers..

One solution: Academic Learning 4.0

BLENDED LEARNING

It is facilitated by SPADA & IdREN through Video Conference, Online Learning, Resource Sharing

• Tuition fee is more expensive

• Numbers of lecturers are limited

• Numbers of students are

increased

The solution • Optimally utilize ICT, in order to

improve productivity of learning

(effective and efficient), with

continuously keep the quality.

• Harmonization and or developing

the existing regulation.

INDONESIA

State

Uni

Sciences 1:20

Others 1:30

Private

Uni

Sciences 1:30

Others 1:40

Advanced Countries

1 : 15

1: 8 JAPAN

1: 9 USA

(Times Higher Education, 2017)

Ratio of Lecturers; Students

79,5%

Tuition Fee is

continuously

increased

n=448 responden

Source: Kompas R&D Center

15 Des 17

It is an on line learning system in Indonesia

http://kuliahdaring.ristekdikti.go.id/

25

SPADA I n d o n e s i a

The Ministry of Research Technology and Higher

Education (MoRTHE) facilitates connectivity easiness

through IdREN (backbone)

01

Students/

Society

03

02

SPADA

04

Materials

(Video Audio Lectures, PPT, Handbooks, Online

Text and Notes)

06

SPADA

06 Certificate/

Credit Transfer

Final exam

Study

Program /

Courses

MANAJEMEN

SISTEM INFORMASI

TEKNIK INFORMATIKA

AKUNTANSI

05

26

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

2015 UI 2016 ITB 2017 PERBANAS

5 2 1 15 5 3

382

167

105

239

75

21

195

60

21

MK PT Mitra Mhs Daftar Mhs Ujian Mhs Lulus

SPADA Implementation

Indonesia 2017

16

10

16

10

0

5

10

15

20

Network Governance Knowledge Data

Discovery

Number of Students in SPADA BINUS 2017

Jml Mhs

Lulus

OPEN STUDY

172

UNY UM UNPAD UMY UNESA

TOP 5 UNIVERSITIES

OPEN CURRICULUM

142

ON LINE STUDY

PROGRAM

253 UNIVERSITIES

that implement

SPADA

51

University Partners

116

6.927 students

Registered

students

Exam

Students Students passed

the exams Partners

Program

Study

Total

Students

Students

passed the

exams

Curriculum Reorientation

• New Literature (data, technology and humanities) is

developed and taught.

• Extra curricular activities in order to develop the

leadership skill and team work, should be

implemented

• Entrepreneurship and internship is compulsory.

Establishing Life-long Learning unit

It is recommended that higher education institutions

have working unit for providing life-long learning

services

27

HIGHER EDUCATION Policies

IN THE 4TH INDUSTRIAL

REVOLUTION ERA

Hybrid/Blended Learning, Online

Applying Hybrid/Blended Learning through SPADA-

IdREN.

Providing grants and technical guidance services

for curriculum reorientation (GEN-RI 4.0) for 400

universities

28

04

PREPARING HUMAN RESOURCES

for supporting 4-IR

Relevancy of Higher Education in Indonesia and 4-IR

Status: Indonesia will prepare the programs of Human Resources Qualification which will be

relevant to the national and industrial development in Indonesia

Current Condition that needs to be improved:

• Every year LPTK (Institutes for Teacher Education) produces more than 250.000 teachers. However, at

present only 15 % of it, become the professional teachers.

• Technical Engineer graduates, who are accepted in the work place, only 50 percent from its number.

• Eight hundreds (800.000) midwives have been graduated from 400 midwives study programs. Unfortunately,

the number of death toll for pregnant women is still increased.

• In some cases, the quality, competency and skills of the higher education graduates, is not matched to the needs for

the national development and industry

• National Statistic Bureau (BPS) Data per August 2017 showed that 618 thousands of fresh graduates are

unemployed. The total are 7 millions of unemployed graduates, out of 128 millions of unemployed people.

Vocational

School

11.41%

DIPLOMA:

6.8%

Universities

5.18%

The 4th Industrial Revolution in Indonesia, will influence the appropriate

human resources for supporting the national development

DOSEN 4.0

EDUCATIONAL COMPETENCE

• COMPETENCE IN RESEARCH

• COMPETENCE FOR DIGITAL BUSINESS

• COMPETENCE IN GLOBALIZATION

• COMPETENCE IN FUTURE STRATEGIES

POTENTIAL ROLES:

• INTEGRITY CHARACTER AND ABLE TO

DEVELOP HUMANITIES CHARACTER

• HAVING REAL EXPERIENCES

• BECOMING FRIENDS OF THE STUDENTS

• COMMITED TO FOUR PILLARS OF THE

Indonesian NATION (UUD45, Pancasila, NKRI

and Bhinneka Tunggal Ika)

• HAVING PASSIONS as The Lecturer.

• EXPERIENCE IN THE JOBS

Expected qualifications of lectures with the strong

competencies:

SOFT SKILLS (4C):

• CRITICAL THINKING

• CREATIVE

• COMMUNICATION

• COLLABORATION

SCIENCE COMMUNICATION:

• SCIENCE FOR SCIENCE

COMMUNITY

• SCIENCE FOR PUBLIC

• SCIENCE FOR POLICY

MAKERS

The infrastructure development is needed to

develop CREATIVE DAN INNOVATIVE THINKING

The development of

Massive Open Online

Course (MOOC)

infrastructure

The development of

Teaching Industry The building of e-

library infrastructure

The Development of

SCIENCE AND INNOVATION MUSEUM

Thank You