p14x-en-t-a22

ABCD

MiCOM P141, P142, P143Feeder Management Relays

07/2002 Technical Guide P14x/EN T/A22

Technical GuideMiCOM P141, P142, P143

Feeder Management Relays

Volume 1

Technical Guide P14x/EN T/A22

MiCOM P141, P142, P143

FEEDER MANAGEMENT RELAYS

MICOM P141, P142, P143

CONTENT

Handling of Electronic Equipment

Safety Section

Introduction Chapter 1

Application NotesIncludes publication P14x/EN BR/Fa,MiCOM P14x Series Feeder Management Relays

Chapter 2

Relay Description Chapter 3

Technical Data Chapter 4

SCADA Communications Chapter 5

Relay Menu Database Appendix A

External Connection Diagrams Appendix B

Hardware / Software Version History and Compatibility Appendix C

Auto-reclose Diagrams Appendix D

HANDLING OF ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT

A persons normal movements can easily generate electrostatic potentials of severalthousand volts. Discharge of these voltages into semiconductor devices whenhandling circuits can cause serious damage, which often may not be immediatelyapparent but the reliability of the circuit will have been reduced.

The electronic circuits of ALSTOM T&D Protection & Control products are immune tothe relevant levels of electrostatic discharge when housed in their cases. Do notexpose them to the risk of damage by withdrawing modules unnecessarily.

Each module incorporates the highest practicable protection for its semiconductordevices. However, if it becomes necessary to withdraw a module, the followingprecautions should be taken to preserve the high reliability and long life for which theequipment has been designed and manufactured.

1. Before removing a module, ensure that you are a same electrostatic potentialas the equipment by touching the case.

2. Handle the module by its front-plate, frame, or edges of the printed circuitboard. Avoid touching the electronic components, printed circuit track orconnectors.

3. Do not pass the module to any person without first ensuring that you are bothat the same electrostatic potential. Shaking hands achieves equipotential.

4. Place the module on an antistatic surface, or on a conducting surface which isat the same potential as yourself.

5. Store or transport the module in a conductive bag.

More information on safe working procedures for all electronic equipment can befound in BS5783 and IEC 60147-0F.

If you are making measurements on the internal electronic circuitry of an equipmentin service, it is preferable that you are earthed to the case with a conductive wriststrap.

Wrist straps should have a resistance to ground between 500k 10M ohms. If awrist strap is not available you should maintain regular contact with the case toprevent the build up of static. Instrumentation which may be used for makingmeasurements should be earthed to the case whenever possible.

ALSTOM T&D Protection & Control strongly recommends that detailed investigationson the electronic circuitry, or modification work, should be carried out in a SpecialHandling Area such as described in BS5783 or IEC 60147-0F.

CONTENT

1. SAFETY SECTION 3

1.1 Health and Safety 3

1.2 Explanation of symbols and labels 3

2. INSTALLING, COMMISSIONING AND SERVICING 3

3. EQUIPMENT OPERATING CONDITIONS 4

3.1 Current transformer circuits 4

3.2 External resistors 4

3.3 Battery Replacement 4

3.4 Insulation and dielectric strength testing 4

3.5 Insertion of modules and pcb cards 4

3.6 Fibre optic communication 4

4. OLDER PRODUCTS 5

5. DECOMMISSIONING AND DISPOSAL 5

6. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 6

1. SAFETY SECTION

This Safety Section should be read before commencing any work on theequipment.

1.1 Health and Safety

The information in the Safety Section of the product documentation is intended toensure that products are properly installed and handled in order to maintain them ina safe condition. It is assumed that everyone who will be associated with theequipment will be familiar with the contents of the Safety Section.

1.2 Explanation of symbols and labels

The meaning of symbols and labels may be used on the equipment or in the productdocumentation, is given below.

Caution : refer to product documentation Caution : risk of electric shock

Protective/safety *earth terminal Functional *earth terminal

Note: This symbol may also beused for a protective/safety earthterminal if that terminal is part of aterminal block or sub-assemblye.g. power supply.

*NOTE: THE TERM EARTH USED THROUGHOUT THE PRODUCT DOCUMENTATION IS THEDIRECT EQUIVALENT OF THE NORTH AMERICAN TERM GROUND.

2. INSTALLING, COMMISSIONING AND SERVICING

Equipment connections

Personnel undertaking installation, commissioning or servicing work on thisequipment should be aware of the correct working procedures to ensure safety. Theproduct documentation should be consulted before installing, commissioning orservicing the equipment.

Terminals exposed during installation, commissioning and maintenance may presenta hazardous voltage unless the equipment is electrically isolated.

If there is unlocked access to the rear of the equipment, care should be taken by allpersonnel to avoid electrical shock or energy hazards.

Voltage and current connections should be made using insulated crimp terminationsto ensure that terminal block insulation requirements are maintained for safety. Toensure that wires are correctly terminated, the correct crimp terminal and tool for thewire size should be used.

Before energising the equipment it must be earthed using the protective earthterminal, or the appropriate termination of the supply plug in the case of plugconnected equipment. Omitting or disconnecting the equipment earth may cause asafety hazard.

The recommended minimum earth wire size is 2.5mm2, unless otherwise stated in thetechnical data section of the product documentation.

Before energising the equipment, the following should be checked:

Voltage rating and polarity;

CT circuit rating and integrity of connections;

Protective fuse rating;

Integrity of earth connection (where applicable)

3. EQUIPMENT OPERATING CONDITIONS

The equipment should be operated within the specified electrical and environmentallimits.

3.1 Current transformer circuits

Do not open the secondary circuit of a live CT since the high level voltage producedmay be lethal to personnel and could damage insulation.

3.2 External resistors

Where external resistors are fitted to relays, these may present a risk of electric shockor burns, if touched.

3.3 Battery Replacement

Where internal batteries are fitted they should be replaced with the recommendedtype and be installed with the correct polarity, to avoid possible damage to theequipment.

3.4 Insulation and dielectric strength testing

Insulation testing may leave capacitors charged up to a hazardous voltage. At theend of each part of the test, the voltage should be gradually reduced to zero, todischarge capacitors, before the test leads are disconnected.

3.5 Insertion of modules and pcb cards

These must not be inserted into or withdrawn from equipment whilst it is energisedsince this may result in damage.

3.6 Fibre optic communication

Where fibre optic communication devices are fitted, these should not be vieweddirectly. Optical power meters should be used to determine the operation or signallevel of the device.

4. OLDER PRODUCTS

Electrical adjustments

Equipments which require direct physical adjustments to their operating mechanismto change current or voltage settings, should have the electrical power removedbefore making the change, to avoid any risk of electrical shock.

Mechanical adjustments

The electrical power to the relay contacts should be removed before checking anymechanical settings, to avoid any risk of electric shock.

Draw out case relays

Removal of the cover on equipment incorporating electromechanical operatingelements, may expose hazardous live parts such as relay contacts.

Insertion and withdrawal of extender cards

When using an extender card, this should not be inserted or withdrawn from theequipment whilst it is energised. This is to avoid possible shock or damage hazards.Hazardous live voltages may be accessible on the extender card.

Insertion and withdrawal of heavy current test plugs

When using a heavy current test plug, CT shorting links must be in place beforeinsertion or removal, to avoid potentially lethal voltages.

5. DECOMMISSIONING AND DISPOSAL

Decommissioning: The auxiliary supply circuit in the relay may include capacitorsacross the supply or to earth. To avoid electric shock or energyhazards, after completely isolating the supplies to the relay (bothpoles of any dc supply), the capacitors should be safelydischarged via the external terminals prior to decommissioning.

Disposal: It is recommended that incineration and disposal to watercourses is avoided. The product should be disposed of in a safemanner. Any products containing batteries should have themremoved before disposal, taking precautions to avoid shortcircuits. Particular regulations within the country of operation,may apply to the disposal of lithium batteries.

6. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Protective fuse rating

The recommended maximum rating of the external protective fuse for this equipmentis 16A, Red Spot type or equivalent, unless otherwise stated in the technical datasection of the product documentation.

Insulation class: IEC 61010-1 : 1990/A2 : 2001Class IEN 61010-1 : 1993/A2 : 2001Class I

This equipment requires aprotective (safety) earthconnection to ensure usersafety.

InsulationCategory(Overvoltage):

IEC 61010-1 : 1990/A2 : 1995Category IIIEN 61010-1 : 1993/A2 : 1995Category III

Distribution level, fixedinstallation. Equipment in thiscategory is qualification testedat 5kV peak, 1.2/50s,500, 0.5J, between all supplycircuits and earth and alsobetween independent circuits.

Environment: IEC 61010-1 : 1990/A2 : 1995Pollution degree 2

EN 61010-1 : 1993/A2 : 1995Pollution degree 2

Compliance is demonstratedby reference to generic safetystandards.

Product Safety: 72/23/EEC

EN 61010-1 : 2001EN 60950-1 : 2001

Compliance with the EuropeanCommission Law VoltageDirective.

Compliance is demonstratedby reference to generic safetystandards.

Technical Guide P14x/EN T01/A22

MiCOM P141, P142, 143

CHAPTER 1Introduction

P14x/EN T01/A22 Technical Guide

MiCOM P141, P142, P143

Technical Guide P14x/EN T01/A22Introduction CHAPTER 1MiCOM P141, P142, 143 Page 1/22

CONTENT

1. INTRODUCTION TO MICOM 3

2. INTRODUCTION TO MiCOM GUIDES 3

3. USER INTERFACES AND MENU STRUCTURE 5

3.1 Introduction to the relay 5

3.1.1 Front panel 5

3.1.2 Relay rear panel 7

3.2 Introduction to the user interfaces and settings options 8

3.3 Menu structure 8

3.3.1 Protection settings 9

3.3.2 Disturbance recorder settings 9

3.3.3 Control and support settings 10

3.4 Password protection 10

3.5 Relay configuration 11

3.6 Front panel user interface (keypad and LCD) 11

3.6.1 Default display and menu time-out 12

3.6.2 Menu navigation and setting browsing 13

3.6.3 Password entry 13

3.6.4 Reading and clearing of alarm messages and fault records 13

3.6.5 Setting changes 14

3.7 Front communication port user interface 14

3.8 Rear communication port user interface 16

3.8.1 Courier communication 16

3.8.2 Modbus communication 18

3.8.3 IEC 60870-5 CS 103 communication 19

3.8.4 DNP 3.0 Communication 21

P14x/EN T01/A22 Technical GuideCHAPTER 1 IntroductionPage 2/22 MiCOM P141, P142, P143

Figure 1: Relay front view 6

Figure 2: Relay rear view 7

Figure 3: Menu structure 9

Figure 4: Front panel user interface 12

Figure 5: Front port connection 15

Figure 6: PC relay signal connection 16

Figure 7: Remote communication connection arrangements 17


Note: *May vary according to relay type/model

1. INTRODUCTION TO MICOM

MiCOM is a comprehensive solution capable of meeting all electricity supplyrequirements. It comprises a range of components, systems and services fromALSTOM T&D Ltd.

Central to the MiCOM concept is flexibility.

MiCOM provides the ability to define an application solution and, through extensivecommunication capabilities, to integrate it with your power supply control system.

The components within MiCOM are:

P range protection relays;

C range control products;

M range measurement products for accurate metering and monitoring;

S range versatile PC support and substation control packages.

MiCOM products include extensive facilities for recording information on the stateand behaviour of the power system using disturbance and fault records. They canalso provide measurements of the system at regular intervals to a control centreenabling remote monitoring and control to take place.

For up-to-date information on any MiCOM product, refer to the technical publicationwhich can be obtained from:

ALSTOM T&D Protection & Control, or your local sales office. Alternatively visit ourweb site.

www.alstom.com

2. INTRODUCTION TO MiCOM GUIDES

The guides provide a functional and technical description of the MiCOM protectionrelay and a comprehensive set of instructions for the relays use and application.

Divided into two volumes, as follows:

Volume 1 Technical Guide, includes information on the application of the relay anda technical description of its features. It is mainly intended for protection engineersconcerned with the selection and application of the relay for the protection of thepower system.

Volume 2 Operation Guide, contains information on the installation andcommissioning of the relay, and also a section on fault finding. This volume isintended for site engineers who are responsible for the installation, commissioningand maintenance of the relay.



The chapter content within each volume is summarised below:

Volume 1 Technical Guide


Safety Section

Chapter 1 Introduction

A guide to the different user interfaces of the protection relay describing how to startusing the relay.

Chapter 2 Application Notes (includes a copy of publication P14x/EN BR/Fa)

Comprehensive and detailed description of the features of the relay including boththe protection elements and the relays other functions such as event and disturbancerecording, fault location and programmable scheme logic. This chapter includes adescription of common power system applications of the relay, calculation of suitablesettings, some typical worked examples, and how to apply the settings to the relay.

Chapter 3 Relay Description

Overview of the operation of the relays hardware and software. This chapterincludes information on the self-checking features and diagnostics of the relay.

Chapter 4 Technical Data

Technical data including setting ranges, accuracy limits, recommended operatingconditions, ratings and performance data. Compliance with technical standards isquoted where appropriate.

Chapter 5 Communications and Interface Guide

This chapter provides detailed information regarding the communication interfaces ofthe relay, including a detailed description of how to access the settings databasestored within the relay. The chapter also gives information on each of thecommunication protocols that can be used with the relay, and is intended to allow theuser to design a custom interface to a SCADA system.

Appendix A Relay Menu Database: User interface/Courier/Modbus/IEC 60870-5-103/DNP 3.0

Listing of all of the settings contained within the relay together with a brief descriptionof each.

Appendix B External Connection Diagrams

All external wiring connections to the relay.

Appendix C Hardware / Software Version History and Compatibility

Appendix D Auto-reclose Logic Diagrams

Volume 2 Operation Guide


Safety Section

Chapter 1 Introduction

A guide to the different user interfaces of the protection relay describing how to startusing the relay.



Chapter 2 Installation (includes a copy of publication P14x/EN BR/Fa)

Recommendations on unpacking, handling, inspection and storage of the relay. Aguide to the mechanical and electrical installation of the relay is providedincorporating earthing recommendations.

Chapter 3 Commissioning and Maintenance

Instructions on how to commission the relay, comprising checks on the calibrationand functionality of the relay. A general maintenance policy for the relay is outlined.

Chapter 4 Problem Analysis.

Advice on how to recognise failure modes and the recommended course of action.

Appendix A Relay Menu Database: User interface/Courier/Modbus/IEC 60870-5-103/DNP 3.0

Listing of all of the settings contained within the relay together with a brief descriptionof each.

Appendix B External Connection Diagrams

All external wiring connections to the relay.

Appendix C Hardware / Software Version History and Compatibility

Repair Form

3. USER INTERFACES AND MENU STRUCTURE

The settings and functions of the MiCOM protection relay can be accessed both fromthe front panel keypad and LCD, and via the front and rear communication ports.Information on each of these methods is given in this section to describe how to getstarted using the relay.

3.1 Introduction to the relay

3.1.1 Front panel

The front panel of the relay is shown in Figure 1, with the hinged covers at the topand bottom of the relay shown open. Extra physical protection for the front panel canbe provided by an optional transparent front cover. With the cover in place read onlyaccess to the user interface is possible. Removal of the cover does not compromisethe environmental withstand capability of the product, but allows access to the relaysettings. When full access to the relay keypad is required, for editing the settings, thetransparent cover can be unclipped and removed when the top and bottom coversare open. If the lower cover is secured with a wire seal, this will need to be removed.Using the side flanges of the transparent cover, pull the bottom edge away from therelay front panel until it is clear of the seal tab. The cover can then be movedvertically down to release the two fixing lugs from their recesses in the front panel.



!

!"

#$

%"

&

Figure 1: Relay front view

The front panel of the relay includes the following, as indicated in Figure 1:

a 16-character by 2-line alphanumeric liquid crystal display (LCD).

a 7-key keypad comprising 4 arrow keys (, , , and ), an enter key (), aclear key (C), and a read key ().

12 LEDs; 4 fixed function LEDs on the left hand side of the front panel and 8 programmable function LEDs on the right hand side.

Under the top hinged cover:

the relay serial number, and the relays current and voltage rating information*.

Under the bottom hinged cover:

battery compartment to hold the 1/2 AA size battery which is used for memoryback-up for the real time clock, event, fault and disturbance records.

a 9-pin female D-type front port for communication with a PC locally to the relay (up to 15m distance) via an EIA(RS)232 serial data connection.

a 25-pin female D-type port providing internal signal monitoring and high speed local downloading of software and language text via a parallel data connection.



The fixed function LEDs on the left hand side of the front panel are used to indicatethe following conditions:

Trip (Red) indicates that the relay has issued a trip signal. It is reset when theassociated fault record is cleared from the front display. (Alternatively the trip LEDcan be configured to be self-resetting)*. The trip LED is initiated from relay 3, theprotection trip contact.

Alarm (Yellow) flashes to indicate that the relay has registered an alarm. This may betriggered by a fault, event or maintenance record. The LED will flash until the alarmshave been accepted (read), after which the LED will change to constant illumination,and will extinguish when the alarms have been cleared.

Out of service (Yellow) indicates that the relays protection is unavailable.

Healthy (Green) indicates that the relay is in correct working order, and should be onat all times. It will be extinguished if the relays self-test facilities indicate that there isan error with the relays hardware or software. The state of the healthy LED isreflected by the watchdog contact at the back of the relay.

3.1.2 Relay rear panel

The rear panel of the relay is shown in Figure 2. All current and voltage signals*,digital logic input signals and output contacts are connected at the rear of the relay.Also connected at the rear is the twisted pair wiring for the rear EIA(RS)485communication port, the IRIG-B time synchronising input and the optical fibre rearcommunication port which are both optional.

!

!

"

"

'(()*!

&

+",

+-./,

0#"

Figure 2: Relay rear view

Refer to the wiring diagram in Appendix B for complete connection details.



3.2 Introduction to the user interfaces and settings options

The relay has three user interfaces:

the front panel user interface via the LCD and keypad.

the front port which supports Courier communication.

the rear port which supports one protocol of either Courier, Modbus,IEC 60870-5-103 or DNP3.0. The protocol for the rear port must be specifiedwhen the relay is ordered.

The measurement information and relay settings which can be accessed from thethree interfaces are summarised in Table 1.

Keypad/LCD

Courier ModbusIEC60870-5-103

DNP3.0

Display & modification of allsettings

Digital I/O signal status

Display/extraction ofmeasurements

Display/extraction of faultrecords

Extraction of disturbancerecords

Programmable scheme logicsettings

Reset of fault & alarmrecords

Clear event & fault records

Time synchronisation

Control commands

Table 1:

3.3 Menu structure

The relays menu is arranged in a tabular structure. Each setting in the menu isreferred to as a cell, and each cell in the menu may be accessed by reference to arow and column address. The settings are arranged so that each column containsrelated settings, for example all of the disturbance recorder settings are containedwithin the same column. As shown in Figure 3, the top row of each column containsthe heading which describes the settings contained within that column. Movementbetween the columns of the menu can only be made at the column heading level. Acomplete list of all of the menu settings is given in Appendix A of the manual.



!"

!"

Figure 3: Menu structure

All of the settings in the menu fall into one of three categories: protection settings,disturbance recorder settings, or control and support (C&S) settings. One of twodifferent methods is used to change a setting depending on which category thesetting falls into. Control and support settings are stored and used by the relayimmediately after they are entered. For either protection settings or disturbancerecorder settings, the relay stores the new setting values in a temporary scratchpad.It activates all the new settings together, but only after it has been confirmed that thenew settings are to be adopted. This technique is employed to provide extra security,and so that several setting changes that are made within a group of protectionsettings will all take effect at the same time.

3.3.1 Protection settings

The protection settings include the following items:

protection element settings

scheme logic settings

auto-reclose and check synchronisation settings (where appropriate)*

fault locator settings (where appropriate)*

There are four groups of protection settings, with each group containing the samesetting cells. One group of protection settings is selected as the active group, and isused by the protection elements.

3.3.2 Disturbance recorder settings

The disturbance recorder settings include the record duration and trigger position,selection of analogue and digital signals to record, and the signal sources that triggerthe recording.



3.3.3 Control and support settings

The control and support settings include:

relay configuration settings

open/close circuit breaker*

CT & VT ratio settings*

reset LEDs

active protection setting group

password & language settings

circuit breaker control & monitoring settings*

communications settings

measurement settings

event & fault record settings

user interface settings

commissioning settings

3.4 Password protection

The menu structure contains three levels of access. The level of access that is enableddetermines which of the relays settings can be changed and iscontrolled by entry of two different passwords. The levels of access are summarisedin Table 2.

Access level Operations enabled

Level 0No password required

Read access to all settings, alarms, event recordsand fault records.

Level 1Password 1 or 2 required

As level 0 plus:Control commands, e.g.circuit breaker open/close.Reset of fault and alarm conditions.Reset LEDs.Clearing of event and fault records.

Level 2Password 2 required

As level 1 plus:All other settings

Table 2:

Each of the two passwords are 4 characters of upper case text. The factory defaultfor both passwords is AAAA. Each password is user-changeable once it has beencorrectly entered. Entry of the password is achieved either by a prompt when asetting change is attempted, or by moving to the Password cell in the System datacolumn of the menu. The level of access is independently enabled for each interface,that is to say if level 2 access is enabled for the rear communication port, the frontpanel access will remain at level 0 unless the relevant password is entered at the frontpanel. The access level enabled by the password entry will time-out independentlyfor each interface after a period of inactivity and revert to the default level. If thepasswords are lost an emergency password can be supplied - contact ALSTOM with



the relays serial number. The current level of access enabled for an interface can bedetermined by examining the 'Access level' cell in the 'System data' column, the accesslevel for the front panel User Interface (UI), can also be found as one of the defaultdisplay options.

The relay is supplied with a default access level of 2, such that no password isrequired to change any of the relay settings. It is also possible to set the defaultmenu access level to either level 0 or level 1, preventing write access to the relaysettings without the correct password. The default menu access level is set in thePassword control cell which is found in the System data column of the menu (notethat this setting can only be changed when level 2 access is enabled).

3.5 Relay configuration

The relay is a multi-function device which supports numerous different protection,control and communication features. In order to simplify the setting of the relay,there is a configuration settings column which can be used to enable or disable manyof the functions of the relay. The settings associated with any function that is disabledare made invisible, i.e. they are not shown in the menu. To disable a functionchange the relevant cell in the Configuration column from Enabled to Disabled.

The configuration column controls which of the four protection settings groups isselected as active through the Active settings cell. A protection setting group canalso be disabled in the configuration column, provided it is not the present activegroup. Similarly, a disabled setting group cannot be set as the active group.

The column also allows all of the setting values in one group of protection settings tobe copied to another group.

To do this firstly set the Copy from cell to the protection setting group to be copied,then set the Copy to cell to the protection group where the copy is to be placed. Thecopied settings are initially placed in the temporary scratchpad, and will only be usedby the relay following confirmation.

To restore the default values to the settings in any protection settings group, set theRestore defaults cell to the relevant group number. Alternatively it is possible to setthe Restore defaults cell to All settings to restore the default values to all of therelays settings, not just the protection groups settings. The default settings willinitially be placed in the scratchpad and will only be used by the relay after they havebeen confirmed. Note that restoring defaults to all settings includes the rearcommunication port settings, which may result in communication via the rear portbeing disrupted if the new (default) settings do not match those of the master station.

3.6 Front panel user interface (keypad and LCD)

When the keypad is exposed it provides full access to the menu options of the relay,with the information displayed on the LCD.

The , , and keys which are used for menu navigation and setting valuechanges include an auto-repeat function that comes into operation if any of thesekeys are held continually pressed. This can be used to speed up both setting valuechanges and menu navigation; the longer the key is held depressed, the faster therate of change or movement becomes.



"

1"

2*3

4

'3"

#$%&'(%)*'* #$% +(,-(.-)/ #$%-$012(-.$--('

565 765 6585

5670# 767 6785

560#7 76&94 683

'35 '37 '3

'33

:3&;"#3"

"

1"

2*3

4

'3"

#$%&'(%)*'*

#$% +(,-(.-)/

#$%-$01

2(-.$--('

565

765

6585

5670#

767

6785

560#7

76&94

683

'3

5

'3

7

'3

'33

:3&;"#3

"

Figure 4: Front panel user interface

3.6.1 Default display and menu time-out

The front panel menu has a selectable default display. The relay will time-out andreturn to the default display and turn the LCD backlight off after 15 minutes ofkeypad inactivity. If this happens any setting changes which have not been confirmedwill be lost and the original setting values maintained.

The contents of the default display can be selected from the following options:3-phase and neutral current, 3-phase voltage, power, system frequency, date andtime, relay description, or a user-defined plant reference*. The default display isselected with the Default display cell of the Measuret setup column. Also, from thedefault display the different default display options can be scrolled through using the and keys. However the menu selected default display will be restored followingthe menu time-out elapsing. Whenever there is an uncleared alarm present in therelay (e.g. fault record, protection alarm, control alarm etc.) the default display willbe replaced by:

Alarms/FaultsPresent

Entry to the menu structure of the relay is made from the default display and is notaffected if the display is showing the Alarms/Faults present message.



3.6.2 Menu navigation and setting browsing

The menu can be browsed using the four arrow keys, following the structure shown inFigure 4. Thus, starting at the default display the key will display the first columnheading. To select the required column heading use the and keys. The settingdata contained in the column can then be viewed by using the and keys. It is possible to return to the column header either by holding the keydown or by a single press of the clear key C. It is only possible to move acrosscolumns at the column heading level. To return to the default display press the keyor the clear key C from any of the column headings. It is not possible to go straightto the default display from within one of the column cells using the auto-repeat facilityof the key, as the auto-repeat will stop at the column heading. To move to thedefault display, the key must be released and pressed again.

3.6.3 Password entry

When entry of a password is required the following prompt will appear:

Enter password **** Level 1

Note: The password required to edit the setting is the prompt as shownabove

A flashing cursor will indicate which character field of the password may be changed.Press the and keys to vary each character between A and Z. To move betweenthe character fields of the password, use the and keys. The password isconfirmed by pressing the enter key . The display will revert to Enter Password ifan incorrect password is entered. At this point a message will be displayed indicatingwhether a correct password has been entered and if so what level of access has beenunlocked. If this level is sufficient to edit the selected setting then the display willreturn to the setting page to allow the edit to continue. If the correct level ofpassword has not been entered then the password prompt page will be returned to.To escape from this prompt press the clear key C. Alternatively, the password can beentered using the Password cell of the System data column.

For the front panel user interface the password protected access will revert to thedefault access level after a keypad inactivity time-out of 15 minutes. It is possible tomanually reset the password protection to the default level by moving to thePassword menu cell in the System data column and pressing the clear key Cinstead of entering a password.

3.6.4 Reading and clearing of alarm messages and fault records

The presence of one or more alarm messages will be indicated by the default displayand by the yellow alarm LED flashing. The alarm messages can either be self-resetting or latched, in which case they must be cleared manually. To view the alarmmessages press the read key . When all alarms have been viewed, but notcleared, the alarm LED will change from flashing to constant illumination and thelatest fault record will be displayed (if there is one). To scroll through the pages ofthis use the key. When all pages of the fault record have been viewed, thefollowing prompt will appear:



Press clear toreset alarms

To clear all alarm messages press C; to return to the alarms/faults present displayand leave the alarms uncleared, press . Depending on the passwordconfiguration settings, it may be necessary to enter a password before the alarmmessages can be cleared (see section on password entry). When the alarms havebeen cleared the yellow alarm LED will extinguish, as will the red trip LED if it wasilluminated following a trip.

Alternatively it is possible to accelerate the procedure, once the alarm viewer hasbeen entered using the key, the C key can be pressed, this will move the displaystraight to the fault record. Pressing C again will move straight to the alarm resetprompt where pressing C once more will clear all alarms.

3.6.5 Setting changes

To change the value of a setting, first navigate the menu to display the relevant cell.To change the cell value press the enter key , which will bring up a flashing cursoron the LCD to indicate that the value can be changed. This will only happen if theappropriate password has been entered, otherwise the prompt to enter a passwordwill appear. The setting value can then be changed by pressing the or keys. Ifthe setting to be changed is a binary value or a text string, the required bit orcharacter to be changed must first be selected using the and keys. When thedesired new value has been reached it is confirmed as the new setting value bypressing . Alternatively, the new value will be discarded either if the clear button Cis pressed or if the menu time-out occurs.

For protection group settings and disturbance recorder settings, the changes must beconfirmed before they are used by the relay. To do this, when all required changeshave been entered, return to the column heading level and press the key. Prior toreturning to the default display the following prompt will be given:

Update settings?Enter or clear

Pressing will result in the new settings being adopted, pressing C will cause therelay to discard the newly entered values. It should be noted that, the setting valueswill also be discarded if the menu time out occurs before the setting changes havebeen confirmed. Control and support settings will be updated immediately after theyare entered, without Update settings? prompt.

3.7 Front communication port user interface

The front communication port is provided by a 9-pin female D-type connector locatedunder the bottom hinged cover. It provides EIA(RS)232 serial data communicationand is intended for use with a PC locally to the relay (up to 15m distance) as shownin Figure 5. This port supports the Courier communication protocol only. Courier isthe communication language developed by ALSTOM T&D Protection & Control toallow communication with its range of protection relays. The front port is particularlydesigned for use with the relay settings program MiCOM S1 which is a Windows NTbased software package.



##

$

%##&

%'&

'(

)*

##

$

%##&%'&

'(

) *

##

$

%##&%'&

'(

) *

##

$

%##&%'&

'(

) *

Figure 5: Front port connection

The relay is a Data Communication Equipment (DCE) device. Thus the pinconnections of the relays 9-pin front port are as follows:

Pin no. 2 Tx Transmit data

Pin no. 3 Rx Receive data

Pin no. 5 0V Zero volts common

None of the other pins are connected in the relay. The relay should be connected tothe serial port of a PC, usually called COM1 or COM2. PCs are normally DataTerminal Equipment (DTE) devices which have a serial port pin connection as below(if in doubt check your PC manual):

25 Way 9 Way

Pin no. 3 2 Rx Receive data

Pin no. 2 3 Tx Transmit data

Pin no. 7 5 0V Zero volts common

For successful data communication, the Tx pin on the relay must be connected to theRx pin on the PC, and the Rx pin on the relay must be connected to the Tx pin on thePC, as shown in Figure 6. Therefore, providing that the PC is a DTE with pinconnections as given above, a straight through serial connector is required, i.e. onethat connects pin 2 to pin 2, pin 3 to pin 3, and pin 5 to pin 5. Note that a commoncause of difficulty with serial data communication is connecting Tx to Tx and Rx to Rx.This could happen if a cross-over serial connector is used, i.e. one that connects pin2 to pin 3, and pin 3 to pin 2, or if the PC has the same pin configuration as therelay.



+

+ ,-+" -+' .

+ -+" ,-+' .

##

/0 /,0

12+*3

Figure 6: PC relay signal connection

Having made the physical connection from the relay to the PC, the PCscommunication settings must be configured to match those of the relay. The relayscommunication settings for the front port are fixed as shown in the table below:

Protocol Courier

Baud rate 19,200 bits/s

Courier address 1

Message format 11 bit - 1 start bit, 8 data bits, 1 parity bit (even parity),1 stop bit

The inactivity timer for the front port is set at 15 minutes. This controls how long therelay will maintain its level of password access on the front port. If no messages arereceived on the front port for 15 minutes then any password access level that hasbeen enabled will be revoked.

3.8 Rear communication port user interface

The rear port can support one of four communication protocols (Courier, Modbus,DNP3.0, IEC 60870-5-103), the choice of which must be made when the relay isordered. The rear communication port is provided by a 3-terminal screw connectorlocated on the back of the relay. See Appendix B for details of the connectionterminals. The rear port provides K-Bus/EIA(RS)485 serial data communication and isintended for use with a permanently-wired connection to a remote control centre. Ofthe three connections, two are for the signal connection, and the other is for the earthshield of the cable. When the K-Bus option is selected for the rear port, thetwo signal connections are not polarity conscious, however for Modbus, IEC 60870-5-103 and DNP3.0 care must be taken to observe the correct polarity.

The protocol provided by the relay is indicated in the relay menu in theCommunications column. Using the keypad and LCD, firstly check that the Commssettings cell in the Configuration column is set to Visible, then move to theCommunications column. The first cell down the column shows the communicationprotocol being used by the rear port.

3.8.1 Courier communication

Courier is the communication language developed by ALSTOM T&D Protection &Control to allow remote interrogation of its range of protection relays. Courier workson a master/slave basis where the slave units contain information in the form of adatabase, and respond with information from the database when it is requested by amaster unit.



The relay is a slave unit which is designed to be used with a Courier master unit suchas MiCOM S1, MiCOM S10, PAS&T or a SCADA system. MiCOM S1 is a WindowsNT4.0/95/98/ME/XP compatible software package which is specifically designed forsetting changes with the relay.

To use the rear port to communicate with a PC-based master station using Courier, aKITZ K-Bus to EIA(RS)232 protocol converter is required. This unit is available fromALSTOM T&D Protection & Control. A typical connection arrangement is shown inFigure 7. For more detailed information on other possible connection arrangementsrefer to the manual for the Courier master station software and the manual for theKITZ protocol converter. Each spur of the K-Bus twisted pair wiring can be up to1000m in length and have up to 32 relays connected to it.

,456)7 8'9

5:,;

" 56)

## ####

+

#

#

+



Move down the Communications column from the column heading to the first celldown which indicates the communication protocol:

ProtocolCourier

The next cell down the column controls the address of the relay:

Remote address 1

Since up to 32 relays can be connected to one K-bus spur, as indicated in Figure 7, itis necessary for each relay to have a unique address so that messages from themaster control station are accepted by one relay only. Courier uses an integernumber between 0 and 254 for the relay address which is set with this cell. It isimportant that no two relays have the same Courier address. The Courier address isthen used by the master station to communicate with the relay.

The next cell down controls the inactivity timer:

Inactivity time10.00 mins

The inactivity timer controls how long the relay will wait without receiving anymessages on the rear port before it reverts to its default state, including revoking anypassword access that was enabled. For the rear port this can be set between 1 and30 minutes.

Note that protection and disturbance recorder settings that are modified using an on-line editor such as PAS&T must be confirmed with a write to the Save changes cell ofthe Configuration column. Off-line editors such as MiCOM S1 do not require thisaction for the setting changes to take effect.

3.8.2 Modbus communication

Modbus is a master/slave communication protocol which can be used for networkcontrol. In a similar fashion to Courier, the system works by the master deviceinitiating all actions and the slave devices, (the relays), responding to the master bysupplying the requested data or by taking the requested action. Modbuscommunication is achieved via a twisted pair connection to the rear port and can beused over a distance of 1000m with up to 32 slave devices.

To use the rear port with Modbus communication, the relays communication settingsmust be configured. To do this use the keypad and LCD user interface. In the relaymenu firstly check that the Comms settings cell in the Configuration column is setto Visible, then move to the Communications column. Four settings apply to therear port using Modbus which are described below. Move down theCommunications column from the column heading to the first cell down whichindicates the communication protocol:

ProtocolModbus



The next cell down controls the Modbus address of the relay:

Modbus address23

Up to 32 relays can be connected to one Modbus spur, and therefore it is necessaryfor each relay to have a unique address so that messages from the master controlstation are accepted by one relay only. Modbus uses an integer number between 1and 247 for the relay address. It is important that no two relays have the sameModbus address. The Modbus address is then used by the master station tocommunicate with the relay.

The next cell down controls the inactivity timer:

Inactivity timer10.00 mins

The inactivity timer controls how long the relay will wait without receiving anymessages on the rear port before it reverts to its default state, including revoking anypassword access that was enabled. For the rear port this can be set between 1 and30 minutes.

The next cell down the column controls the baud rate to be used:

Baud rate9600 bits/s

Modbus communication is asynchronous. Three baud rates are supported by therelay, 9600 bits/s, 19200 bits/s and 38400 bits/s. It is important that whateverbaud rate is selected on the relay is the same as that set on the Modbus masterstation.

The next cell down controls the parity format used in the data frames:

ParityNone

The parity can be set to be one of None, Odd or Even. It is important thatwhatever parity format is selected on the relay is the same as that set on the Modbusmaster station.

3.8.3 IEC 60870-5 CS 103 communication

The IEC specification IEC 60870-5-103: Telecontrol Equipment and Systems, Part 5:Transmission Protocols Section 103 defines the use of standardsIEC 60870-5-1 to IEC 60870-5-5 to perform communication with protectionequipment. The standard configuration for the IEC 60870-5-103 protocol is to use atwisted pair connection over distances up to 1000m. As an option for IEC 60870-5-103, the rear port can be specified to use a fibre optic connection for directconnection to a master station. The relay operates as a slave in the system,responding to commands from a master station. The method of communication usesstandardised messages which are based on the VDEW communication protocol.



To use the rear port with IEC 60870-5-103 communication, the relayscommunication settings must be configured. To do this use the keypad and LCD userinterface. In the relay menu firstly check that the Comms settings cell in theConfiguration column is set to Visible, then move to the Communications column.Four settings apply to the rear port using IEC 60870-5-103 which are describedbelow. Move down the Communications column from the column heading to thefirst cell which indicates the communication protocol:

ProtocolIEC 60870-5-103

The next cell down controls the IEC 60870-5-103 address of the relay:

Remote address162

Up to 32 relays can be connected to one IEC 60870-5-103 spur, and therefore it isnecessary for each relay to have a unique address so that messages from the mastercontrol station are accepted by one relay only. IEC 60870-5-103 uses an integernumber between 0 and 254 for the relay address. It is important that no two relayshave the same IEC 60870-5-103 address. The IEC 60870-5-103 address is thenused by the master station to communicate with the relay.



IEC 60870-5-103 communication is asynchronous. Two baud rates are supported bythe relay, 9600 bits/s and 19200 bits/s. It is important that whatever baud rate isselected on the relay is the same as that set on the IEC 60870-5-103 master station.

The next cell down controls the period between IEC 60870-5-103 measurements:

Measuret period 30.00 s

The IEC 60870-5-103 protocol allows the relay to supply measurements at regularintervals. The interval between measurements is controlled by this cell, and can beset between 1 and 60 seconds.

The next cell down the column controls the physical media used for thecommunication:

Physical linkEIA(RS)485

The default setting is to select the electrical EIA(RS)485 connection. If the optionalfibre optic connectors are fitted to the relay, then this setting can be changed to Fibreoptic.



The next cell down can be used to define the primary function type for this interface,where this is not explicitly defined for the application by theIEC 60870-5-103 protocol*.

Function type226

3.8.4 DNP 3.0 Communication

The DNP 3.0 protocol is defined and administered by the DNP User Group.Information about the user group, DNP 3.0 in general and protocol specificationscan be found on their website: www.dnp.org

The relay operates as a DNP 3.0 slave and supports subset level 2 of the protocolplus some of the features from level 3. DNP 3.0 communication is achieved via atwisted pair connection to the rear port and can be used over a distance of 1000mwith up to 32 slave devices.

To use the rear port with DNP 3.0 communication, the relays communication settingsmust be configured. To do this use the keypad and LCD user interface. In the relaymenu firstly check that the Comms setting cell in the Configuration column is set toVisible, then move to the Communications column. Four settings apply to the rearport using DNP 3.0, which are described below. Move down the Communicationscolumn from the column heading to the first cell which indicates the communicationsprotocol:

ProtocolDNP 3.0

The next cell controls the DNP 3.0 address of the relay:

DNP 3.0 address232

Upto 32 relays can be connected to one DNP 3.0 spur, and therefore it is necessaryfor each relay to have a unique address so that messages from the master controlstation are accepted by only one relay. DNP 3.0 uses a decimal number between 1and 65519 for the relay address. It is important that no two relays have the sameDNP 3.0 address. The DNP 3.0 address is then used by the master station tocommunicate with the relay.



DNP 3.0 communication is asynchronous. Six baud rates are supported by the relay1200bits/s, 2400bits/s, 4800bits/s, 9600bits/s, 19200bits/s and38400bits/s. It is important that whatever baud rate is selected on the relay is thesame as that set on the DNP 3.0 master station.



The next cell down the column controls the parity format used in the data frames:

ParityNone

The parity can be set to be one of None, Odd or Even. It is important thatwhatever parity format is selected on the relay is the same as that set on the DNP 3.0master station.

The next cell down the column sets the time synchronisation request from the masterby the relay:

Time SynchEnabled

The time synch can be set to either enabled or disabled. If enabled it allows the DNP3.0 master to synchronise the time.

Technical Guide P14x/EN T02/A22

MiCOM P141, P142, P143

CHAPTER 2Application Notes

P14x/EN T02/A22 Technical Guide

MiCOM P141, P142, P143

T & DProtection & Control

MiCOM P14x SeriesFeeder Management Relays

MiCOM P14x SeriesFeeder Management

Relays

2MiCOM P14x SeriesFeeder Management Relays

IntroductionThe MiCOM Feeder ManagementRelays provide flexible and reliableintegration of protection, control,monitoring and measurementfunctions. Extensive functionality isable to provide complete protectionand control for a wide range ofoverhead lines and undergroundcables from distribution totransmission voltage levels.

Protection

Directional/non-directional phaseovercurrent

Directional/non-directional earthfault

Sensitive directional/non-directional earth fault

Wattmetric earth fault

I cos and I sin earth fault Restricted earth fault

Blocked overcurrent logic

Selective overcurrent logic

Cold load pick-up logic

Voltage controlled overcurrent

Directional/non-directionalnegative sequence overcurrent

RMS thermal overload

Under/overvoltage

Residual overvoltage

Negative sequence overvoltage

Under/overfrequency

Broken conductor

Circuit breaker failure

Voltage transformer supervision

Silicon rectifier overloadprotection

Current transformer supervision

Neutral admittance

Control

Multi-shot autoreclose with checksynchronising and externalinitiation

Circuit breaker control

Programmable scheme logic

Programmable allocation ofoptically isolated inputs and relayoutputs

Multiple settings groups

Control inputs

Measurements

Comprehensive measurementvalues

Instantaneous

Integrated

Post fault analysis

Fault location

Event and fault records

Disturbance records

Monitoring

Trip circuit supervision

Breaker state monitoring

Breaker condition monitoring

Communications

A choice of protocols,IEC 60870, Courier, Modbusand DNP3.0

Front and rear communicationports

Diagnostics

Power-up diagnostics

Continuous self monitoring

Test facilities

User friendly interface

Liquid crystal display withbacklight

Programmable LED indications

Password protection

Optional secondary protectivecover

Fully programmable menu text

Software support

Available in conjunction withMiCOM S1 support software:

Settings editor

Programmable scheme logiceditor

Viewing of fault diagnostics andmeasurements

Menu text editor

Disturbance recorder viewer

Figure 1: MiCOM P141

3Models available

P141 Feeder Management Relay

P142 with autoreclose

P143 with autoreclose and checksynchronising

ApplicationThe MiCOM P14x series is suitablefor all applications whereovercurrent protection is required.The integration of many functionsprovides complete protection for awide range of overhead lines andunderground cables, fromdistribution to transmission voltagelevels. It is suitable for solidearthed, impedance earthed,Petersen coil earthed and isolatedsystems.

A comprehensive suite ofovercurrent protection provides aneconomic solution to complexprotection applications. Figure 2ashows a parallel transformerapplication where the MiCOMP141 replaces many of the discreteprotection elements normallyassociated with the LV side of thetransformer. The protection includesnon-directional and directionalphase overcurrent and earth faultindependently configurable to beeither inverse definite minimum time(IDMT) or definite time. Restrictedearth fault and circuit breakerfailure protection are also included.

Figure 2b shows a MiCOM P143protecting a plain feeder usingphase overcurrent, sensitive earthfault, negative sequenceovercurrent, thermal protection andbreaker failure protection. The integral autorecloser with checksynchronising may be configured tograde with downstream reclosers.A range of communicationprotocols allows connection withmany external devices thusproviding remote programming,control and extraction ofinformation.

Protection functionsThree phase tripping with faultedphase indication is provided for allprotection functions.

Phase overcurrentFour independent stages areavailable for each phaseovercurrent element. Each stagemay be selected as non-directionalor directional (forward/reverse). All stages have definite timedelayed characteristics, two of thestages may also be independentlyset to one of ten IDMT curves (IEC and IEEE). The IDMT stageshave a programmable reset timerfor grading with electromechanical

relays, to reduce autoreclose deadtimes and to reduce clearance timeswhere intermittent faults occur.

The phase fault directional elementsare internally polarised byquadrature phase-phase voltages,and will make a correct directionaldecision down to:

0.5V (Vn = 100 120V) or 2.0V (Vn = 380 480V).

A synchronous polarising signal ismaintained for 3.2s after voltagecollapse to ensure that theinstantaneous and time delayedovercurrent elements operatecorrectly for close-up three phasefaults.

Figure 2a: Typical parallel transformer application

P14151P51N67P67N

64N274750BF

M

P143

51P51N4946

50BFBC7925

Figure 2b: Typical plain feeder application

ANSI NumbersInstantaneous phase overcurrentTime delayed phase overcurrentPhase undercurrentInstantaneous neutral overcurrentTime delayed neutral overcurrentNeutral undercurrentRestricted earth faultThermal overloadAutorecloseWattmetric

67/50P67/51P67/37P67/50N67/51N37N64N497967W

DirectionalOvervoltageResidual overvoltageUndervoltageNegative sequence overvoltageBreaker failure and backtripCheck synchronisingNegative sequence overcurrentBroken conductor detectionVoltage transformer supervisionCurrent transformer supervision

675959N274750BF2567/46BCVTSCTS

Figures 2a and 2b

4Standard earth faultThere are two standard earth faultelements, each with fourindependent stages.

The first element operates frommeasured quantities:

earth fault current which is directly measured using a separate CT

residual connection of the three line CTs

The second standard earth faultelement operates from a residualcurrent that is derived internallyfrom the summation of the threephase currents.

All earth fault elements have thesame directionality and IDMTcharacteristics as the phaseovercurrent element.

Both earth fault elements may beenabled at the same time providingdiscriminative directional earth faultprotection and back-up standbyearth fault protection in the samedevice. The directionality of theearth fault elements is provided byeither residual voltage or negativesequence voltage.

Sensitive earth faultA core balance CT should be usedto drive the sensitive earth faultfunction. The directionality of thesensitive earth fault elements isprovided by the residual voltage.

Wattmetric As an alternative to the directionalwattmetric characteristic adirectional I cos () characteristiccan be used for Petersen coil earthfault protection using the sensitiveearth fault input. This protectionprovides discrimination as faultedfeeders will have a largecomponent of residual current whilsthealthy feeders will have a smallvalue. A directional I sin () characteristicis also available for protection ofinsulated feeders.

Neutral admittance protectionNeutral admittance protection isprovided for the Polish market forearth fault protection. Three singlestage elements are provided for non-directional overadmittance, non-directional/directionaloverconductance and non-directional/directionaloversusceptance.

Restricted earth faultThe restricted earth fault protectionmay be configured as either highimpedance or low impedancebiased differential.

Blocked overcurrent logicEach stage of overcurrent and earthfault protection can be blocked byan optically isolated input. This enables overcurrent and earthfault protection to integrate into ablocked overcurrent busbarprotection scheme.

Selective overcurrent logic Selective overcurrent logic assistswith relay co-ordination by allowingthe time delay settings of theovercurrent elements to betemporarily modified byenergisation of an optically isolatedinput. This is available usingprogrammable scheme logic.

Cold load pick-up logicCold load pick-up temporarily raisesthe overcurrent settings followingclosure of the circuit breaker,allowing the protection settings tobe set closer to the load profile.

Voltage controlledovercurrentVoltage controlled overcurrentprovides back-up protection forremote phase faults whilstremaining insensitive to loadconditions.

Negative sequenceovercurrentNegative sequence overcurrentprotection can be set as either non-directional or directional(forward/reverse), and can operatefor remote phase-phase and phase-earth faults even with delta-startransformers present.

RMS thermal overloadThermal characteristics suitable forcables and transformers areavailable providing both alarm andtrip stages. The thermal element maybe set with either a single timeconstant characteristic for theprotection of cables or drytransformers, or a dual time constantcharacteristic to protect oil filledtransformers. In the event of loss ofauxiliary supply, the thermal state isstored in non-volatile memory.

Under/overvoltageUnder/overvoltage protection maybe configured to operate fromeither phase-phase or phase-neutralquantities. Two independent stageswith definite time elements areavailable, one of the stages canalso be configured to an inversecharacteristic.

Neutraldisplacement/residualovervoltageResidual overvoltage protection isavailable for detecting earth faultsin high impedance earthed orisolated systems. The neutral voltageis derived from the three phasevoltage inputs. Two independentmeasuring elements with definitetime characteristics are available,one of the elements can also beconfigured to have an inversecharacteristic.

Negative sequenceovervoltageNegative sequence overvoltageprotection provides either a trippingor an interlocking function, upondetection of unbalanced supplyvoltages

5Under/overfrequency

Two independent stages ofoverfrequency and four ofunderfrequency are provided. Each stage functions as a definitetime element.

Broken conductorThe broken conductor protectiondetects unbalanced conditionscaused by broken conductors, mal-operation of single phase switchgearor by single phasing conditions.

Supervisory functions

Circuit breaker failureprotectionTwo stage circuit breaker failureprotection may be used for trippingupstream circuit breakers andretripping of the local circuitbreaker if required. The circuitbreaker failure logic may also beinitiated externally from otherprotection devices if required.

Voltage transformer supervisionVoltage transformer supervision isprovided to detect loss of one, twoor three VT signals, providingindication and inhibition of voltagedependent protection elements. An optically isolated input may alsobe configured to initiate the voltagetransformer supervision alarm andblocking when used with MCBs orother external forms of voltagetransformer supervision.

Current transformersupervisionCurrent transformer supervision isprovided to detect loss of phase CTsignals and inhibit the operation ofcurrent dependent protectionelements.

Control

Circuit breaker controlCircuit breaker control is availablefrom the front panel user interface,optically isolated inputs andremotely via the substationcommunications.

Autoreclose with checksynchronisingThe P142 provides three pole multi-shot autoreclose. The user mayselect a single, two, three or fourshot autoreclose cycle, withindependently settable dead timesand reclaim time. Autoreclose canbe initiated from the internalprotection elements or from externalprotection via an opto input.

More advanced features of theP143 include check synchronising,live line working and sequence co-ordination (co-ordination withdownstream reclosing equipment).

Programmable scheme logicProgrammable scheme logic allowsthe user to customise the protectionand control functions. It is also usedto programme the functionality ofthe optically isolated inputs, relayoutputs and LED indications.

The programmable scheme logiccomprises gate logic and generalpurpose timers. The gate logicincludes OR, AND and majoritygate functions, with the ability toinvert the inputs and outputs, andprovide feedback. The system isoptimised to evaluate changes to

the scheme logic signals and thusavoid unnecessary signalprocessing.

The programmable scheme logic isconfigured using the graphicalMiCOM S1 PC based supportsoftware, as illustrated in Figure 3.

The required logic is drawn asshown and is then downloadeddirectly into the relay. The logicmay also be uploaded from therelay and then modified usingMiCOM S1 support software.

Independent protectionsettings groupsThe settings are divided into twocategories; protection settings, andcontrol and support settings. Foursetting groups are provided for theprotection settings to allow fordifferent operating conditions andadaptive relaying. All settings arestored in E2PROM.

Control inputsThe control inputs allow the user tomanualy change the status of DDBsignals 800 to 831. These signalscan be assigned to provide userdefined control functions.

Figure 3: Programmable scheme logic editor (MiCOM S1)

6Measurement andrecording facilitiesThe P14x series is capable ofmeasuring and storing the values ofa wide range of quantities. All events, fault and disturbancerecords are time tagged to aresolution of 1ms using an internalreal time clock. An optional IRIG-Bport is also provided for accuratetime synchronisation.

A lithium battery provides a back-up for the real time clock and allrecords in the event of supplyfailure. This battery is supervisedand easily replaced from the frontof the relay.

MeasurementsThe measurements provided, whichmay be viewed in primary orsecondary values, can be accessedby the back-lit liquid crystal display,or the communications ports. Phasenotation is user definable using theMiCOM S1 text editor.

Instantaneous measurementsPhase voltages Van Vbn Vcn

Line voltages Vab Vbc Vca

Neutral voltage Vn

Phase current Ia Ib IcNeutral currents In ISEFSequence currents and voltages

Ratio of I2/I1Frequency

Thermal state

Single and three phase powerfactor

Active power Wa Wb WcWtotal

Reactive power VAra VArb VArcVArtotal

Apparent power VAa VAb VAcVAtotal

Phase currents and phase to neutralvoltages are available in true rmsand fundamental quantities.

Integrated valuesWh VArh

Peak, average and rolling demand:

Ia Ib Ic W VArThe P143 provides an additionalvoltage input for synchronisationand additional measurements:

Check synchronising voltage

Slip frequency

Post fault analysis

Fault locationA fault location algorithm providesdistance to fault in miles, kilometres,ohms or percentage of line length.

Event recordsUp to 250 time-tagged eventrecords are stored in batterybacked memory, and can beextracted using the communicationports or viewed on the front paneldisplay.

Fault recordsRecords of the last 5 faults arestored in battery backed memory. The information provided in thefault record includes:

Indication of faulted phase

Protection operation

Active setting group

Date and time

Fault location

Relay and CB operating time

Currents, voltages and frequency

Disturbance recordsThe internal disturbance recorderhas 8 analogue channels, 32digital and 1 time channel. Data issampled 12 times a cycle andtypically 20 disturbance records,each of up to 10.5 secondsduration are stored in batterybacked memory. All channels andthe trigger source are userconfigurable. Disturbance recordscan be extracted from the relay viathe remote communications andsaved in the COMTRADE format. These records may be examinedusing MiCOM S1 or any suitablesoftware program.

Plant supervision

Trip circuit supervisionSupervision of the trip circuit in bothcircuit breaker open and closedstates can be realised using theoptically isolated inputs andprogrammable scheme logic.

Circuit breaker statemonitoringAn alarm will be generated if thereis a discrepancy between the openand closed auxiliary contacts of thecircuit breaker.

Circuit breaker conditionmonitoringThe circuit breaker conditionmonitoring features include:

monitoring the number of breakertrip operations

recording the sum of the brokencurrent quantity Ix, 1.0 x 2.0

monitoring the breaker operatingtime

fault frequency counter

7Local and remotecommunications

Two communication ports areavailable; a rear port providingremote communications and a frontport providing localcommunications.

Remote communicationsThe remote communications arebased on RS485 voltage levels. Any of the protocols listed belowcan be chosen at the time ofordering.

Courier/K-BusThe Courier language is a protocolwhich has been developedspecifically for the purpose ofdeveloping generic PC programmesthat will, without modification,communicate with any device usingthe Courier language.

ModbusModbus is a master/slave protocol,whereby the master must haveknowledge of the slaves databasesand addresses. The Modbusimplementation supported by theMiCOM P14x series is RTU mode.

IEC 60870-5-103 The relay is compliant with thetransmission protocol defined by thespecification IEC 60870-5-103. The standarised messages based onthe VDEW communication protocolare supported.

DNP 3.0The DNP 3.0 protocol is definedand administered by the DNP UserGroup. The relay operates as aDNP 3.0 slave and supports subsetlevel 2 of the protocol plus some ofthe features from level 3.

Local communicationsThe front serial communications porthas been designed for use withMiCOM S1, which fully supportsfunctions within the relay byproviding the ability to programmethe settings off-line, configure theprogrammable scheme logic,extract and view event, disturbanceand fault records, view themeasurement informationdynamically and perform controlfunctions. PAS&T support softwarecan also be used with the localcommunications port.

Diagnostics

Automatic tests performed includingpower-on diagnostics andcontinuous self-monitoring ensure ahigh degree of reliability. The resultsof the self-test functions are stored inbattery backed memory. Test features available on the userinterface provide examination ofinput quantities, states of the digitalinputs and relay outputs. A localmonitor port providing digitaloutputs, selected from a prescribedlist of signals, including the status ofprotection elements, may be used inconjunction with test equipment.These test signals can also beviewed using the Courier andModbus communications ports andthe front panel user interface.

Hardware description

All models within the MiCOM P14xseries include:

A back-lit liquid crystal display

12 LEDs

An optional IRIG-B port

An RS232 port

An RS485 port

A download/monitor port

A battery (supervised)

N/O and N/C watchdogcontacts

Supervised +48V field voltage

1A/5A dual rated CTsThe hardware variations betweenthe MiCOM P14x series modelsare:

100 - 120V or380 - 480V VTs

Opticallyisolated inputs

Relay outputs

P141 P142 P143

3N/O4C/O

3N/O4C/O

6N/O8C/O

8 8 16

3 3 4

Expansion cards are available toallow further inputs and outputs forthe P142 and P143 (see page 16).

N/O normally openC/O change over

The allocation of the opticallyisolated inputs, relay outputs and 8of the LEDs are preconfigured as adefault, but may be programmed bythe user.The optically isolated inputs areindependent and may be poweredfrom the +48V field voltage. The relay outputs may beconfigured as latching or self reset.All CT connections have integralshorting.

A system overview of the MiCOMP143 is shown in Figure 4.

850P 50N 51P

51N 64 37P

37N 49

79 50BF

46

BC CTS

See note 1

Watchdog

IRIG-B

RS232

RS485

Measurements

kA, kV, HzkW, kVA, kVArskWh, kVArhSequence componentsThermal state

1 4 0 0

250Eventrecords

IN > 1 Start ON

20Disturbancerecords

Fault A-B-C 15msIa = 1000 AIb = 1000 AIc = 1000 A

Programmable scheme logic

Breakermonitoring

No. trips = 100SUM I2 = 1000 kACB opt time = 100 ms

5Faultreports

52

+

+

MiCOM S1

CourierModbusIEC60870-5-103LEDs

See note 3

00:12:00 01/01/99

00:12:01 01/01/99Trip A B C ON

+

RL14

RL13

RL12

RL11

RL10

RL9

RL8

RL7

RL6

RL5

RL4

RL3

RL2

RL1

User programmable

Userprogrammable

J8J10

48V field voltage

J7

J948V field voltage

J14J13J12J11

Relay failed

Relay healthy

See note 2

H1H2H3H4H5H6H7H8H9

H10H11H12H13H14H15

H16H17H18

G1G2G3G4G5G6

G7G8G9

G10G11G12

G13G14G15

G16G17G18

Auxiliary voltage

See note 4

J2

J1

47 27 VTS

51V

67W

& &11

81U 81O

In>/ISEF> start

I> start

Protection trip

General alarm

CB fail timer 1

Control CB close

Control CB trip

Any start

A/R successful

Non auto mode

A/R in progress

A/R prot. lockout

A/R in service

Live line mode

Userprogrammable

P143IA

C1

C2

C3

5A

1A

IBC4

C5

C6

5A

1A

ICC7

C8

C9

5A

1A

C10

C11

C12

5A

1A

C13

C14

C15

5A

1A

IN

INSensitive

See note 2

C19

C20

C21

C22

C23

C24AB

C N n

ab

c

V synchcheck

D2

D1D4

D3D6

D5D8

D7D10

D9D12

D11D14

D13D16

D15

F2

F1F4

F3F6

F5F8

F7F10

F9F12

F11F14

F13F16

F15

UserprogrammableSee note 2

Setting group

Setting group

Block In1>3&4

Block I>3&4

External trip

52A

52B

Select auto mode

Select telecontrol mode

Select live line mode

CB healthy

Block A/R

Reset lockout

Reset LEDs

J17

J18

VA

VB

VC

ANSI Numbers

Instantaneous phase overcurrentTime delayed phase overcurrentPhase undercurrentInstantaneous neutral overcurrentTime delayed neutral overcurrentNeutral undercurrentRestricted earth faultThermal overload

67/50P67/51P37P67/50N67/51N37N6449

AutorecloseWattmetricVoltage controlled overcurrentDirectionalOvervoltageResidual overvoltageUndervoltageUnderfrequency

7967W51V675959N2781U

Note 1: All CT connectors have integral shorting. These contacts are made before the internal CT circuits are disconnected.Note 2: Additional hardware for P143 only.

Note 3: 5A CT connections shown, 1A CT connections available on the terminal blocks.

Note 4: The bridge rectifier is not present on the 24 48V dc version.

AB

C N n

ab

c

OverfrequencyNegative sequence overvoltageBreaker failure and backtripCheck synchronisingNegative sequence overcurrentBroken conductor detectionVoltage transformer supervisionCurrent transformer supervision

81O4750BF2567/46BCVTSCTS

59 67

Figure 4: MiCOM P143 system overview(Not intended for wiring purposes, refer to external connection diagram 10 P143 01 for connection details)

9User interface

The front panel user interfacecomprises:

(1) A 2 x 16 character back-lit liquid crystal display.

(2) Four fixed function LEDs.

(3) Eight user programmable LEDs.

(4) Menu navigation and data entry keys.

(5) READ and CLEAR keys for viewing and acknowledging alarms.

7

2

6

1

3

5

4

8

Figure 5: User interface

(6) An upper cover identifying theproduct name. The cover maybe raised to provide access tothe product model number, serial number and ratings.

(7) A lower cover concealing the front RS232 port, download/monitor port and battery compartment. The front of the cover can display the name of the product, or any user defined name.

(8) Facility for fitting a security lead seal.

The user interface and menu textare available in English, French,German and Spanish as standard.Labels supplied with the deviceallow customised descriptions of theLEDs. A user selectable defaultdisplay provides measurementinformation, time/date, protectionfunctions and plant referenceinformation. The ability to customisethe menu text and alarmdescriptions is also supported.

Password protectionPassword protection may beindependently applied to thefront user interface, frontcommunications port and rearcommunications port. Two levelsof password protection areavailable providing access tothe controls and settingsrespectively.

10

Protection setting ranges

Phase faultIDMT/definite time stages 0.08 to 4.0InDefinite time stages 0.08 to 32InDefinite time 0 to 100s

Standard earth faultIDMT/definite time stages 0.08 to 4.0InDefinite time stages 0.08 to 32InDefinite time 0 to 200s

Sensitive earth fault (SEF/I cos /I sin )IDMT/definite time stages 0.005 to 0.1InDefinite time stages 0.005 to 2.0InDefinite time 0 to 200s

Residual polarising voltagesetting Vop> for directionalearth fault protection

0.5 to 80V (100 120V)2 to 320V (380 440V)

Wattmetric characteristicPower threshold (1A)

0 to 20W (100 120V)0 to 80W (380 480V)

Power threshold (5A)0 to 100W (100 120V)

0 to 400W (380 480V)The IEC and IEEE/ANSI IDMTcurves for the above protectionsettings are shown in Figure 6.

IDG characteristics

IEC Standard inverse t = TMS x

IEC Very inverse t = TMS x

IEC Extremely inverse t = TMS x

UK Long time inverse t = TMS x

IEEE Moderately inverse

t = TD7

x

IEEE Very inverse

IEEE Extremely inverse

US CO8 Inverse

US CO2 Short timeinverse

t = TD7

x

t = TD7

x

t = TD7

x

t = TD7

x

0.14

(I Is -1)0.02

13.5

(I Is -1)

80

(I Is -1)2

120

(I Is -1)

0.0515

(I Is -1)0.02 + 0.114

19.61

(I Is -1)2 + 0.491

28.2

(I Is -1)2 + 0.1217

5.95

(I Is -1)2 + 0.18

0.02394

(I Is -1)0.02 + 0.01694

IEEE/US curves

TD = 7

IEC/UK curves

TMS = 1

TD 0.5 to 15TMS 0.025 to 1.2

IEEE MIIEEE VI

IEEE EIUS CO8

US CO2

100101

Current (Multiples of Is)

0.1

1

10

100

Ope

ratin

gtim

e (s

)

UK LTI

IEC SI

IEC VI

IEC EI

1000

100

10

1

0.1100101

Current (Multiples of Is)

Ope

ratin

gtim

e (s

)

Rectifier Curve t = TMS x45900

(I Is -1)5.6

RECT

Figure 6: IEC and IEEE/ANSI IDMT curves

DIFFI

BIASIs2I

s1IK1

K2

Operate

Restrain

K1 0% to 20%

K2 0% to 150%

s1I 0.08 to 1.0Ins2I 0.10 to 1.5In

Restricted earth fault

11

Undercurrent

Phase and neutral

0.02 to 3.2InISEF 0.001 to 0.8In

Voltage controlledovercurrent

Voltage control threshold

20 to 120V (100 120V)80 to 480V (380 480V)

Overcurrent sensitivity factor

0.25 to 1.0

Negative sequenceovercurrentThreshold 0.08 to 4.0In

Definite time 0 to 100s

Thermal overloadThermal alarm 50% to 100%

Single time constantcharacteristic

(I2 kIFLC)2

I2 IP2t = - loge

Where:

t = time to trip, following application of the overload current, I

= plant heating and coolingtime constant (1 to 200 minutes)

I = largest phase current

IFLC = thermal trip setting

k = 1.05 constant

IP = Steady state pre-load current

Dual time constantcharacteristic

Where:

1, 2 = plant heating and cooling time constants (1 to 200 minutes)

Thermal trip current setting0.08 to 3.2In

UndervoltageVoltage settings, Vs

10 to 120V (100 120V)

40 to 480V (380 480V)Time settings


IDMT t = TMS/(1 V/Vs)

TMS 0.5 to 100

OvervoltageVoltage settings, Vs

60 to 185V (100 120V)



IDMT t = TMS/(V/Vs 1)

TMS 0.5 to 100

Residual overvoltageVoltage settings, Vs

1 to 80V (100 120V)



IDMT t = TMS/(V/Vs 1)

TMS 0.5 to 100

Negative sequenceovervoltageVoltage settings, Vs

1 to 110V (100 120V)



Under/overfrequency

Frequency settings 45 to 65Hz


Broken conductor

I2/I1 0.2 to 1.0


Autoreclose and checksynchronising (whereappropriateMain shots 1 to 4

Dead times (1, 2) 0.01 to 300s

Dead times (3, 4) 0.01 to 9999s

Checksynchronising 5 to 90

Slip frequency 0.02 to 1.00Hz

Neutral admittanceVoltage threshold Vn

1 to 40V (100 120V)

4 to 160V (380 480V)Correction angle

30 to +30Overadmittance settings YN>/Overconductance settingsGN>/Oversusceptance settingsBN>

25s to 2.5ms (SEF input)

250s to 25ms (EF input)Time settings (definite time)

Operating time 0.05 to 100s

Reset time 0 to 100s

Accuracy/operating times(typically)

Phase and earth fault 5% or 50ms

Wattmetric 5% or 40ms

Restricted earth fault 5% or 45ms

Negative sequence overcurrent 2% or 60ms

Undervoltage 2% or 50ms

Overvoltage 2% or 50ms

MeasurementsVoltage and amperes

12

Technical data

Ratings

Inputs:

AC current (In)1A/5A dual rated ac rms

AC voltage (Vn)100 120V or 380 480V rmsnominal phase-phase

Rated frequency 50/60Hz

Operative range 45Hz to 65Hz

Auxiliary voltage (Vx)

Nominal(V)

Operative range(V)

dc24 - 4848 - 110

110 - 250

dc19 - 65

37 - 15087 - 300

ac-

24 - 11080 - 265

Additional input/output cards areavailable for the P142 and P143(see page 16).

Outputs:

Field voltage supply48V dc (current limit: 112mA)

Burdens

Auxiliairy voltageSize 8 (40 TE), min 11W or 24VASize 16 (60 TE), sameMinimum is with no optos and norelays energized.

Each additional opto input0.09W (24/27V, 30/34V, 48/54V)0.12W (110/125V)0.19W (220/250V)

Each additional output relay0,13W

Nominal voltage circuitVn 100 120V < 0.02VA at110VVn 380 480V < 0.02VA at440V

Nominal current circuitPhase and neutral

13

IRIG-B Port

Carrier signal

Amplitude modulated

Cable type

50 ohm coaxial cable

Connection BNC

Isolation SELV

Internal battery

Battery type: 1/2AA, 3.6V

Download/monitor portThis is a 25 pin D-type femaleconnector located on the front userinterface and is specificallydesigned for test purposes andsoftware download.

Isolation ELV

Local access

High voltage withstandThis is not applicable to the RS232and download/monitor ports.

Dielectric withstand

IEC 60255-5: 1977

2kV rms for 1 minute between allcase terminals connectedtogether and the case earth.

2kV rms for 1 minute between allterminals of independent circuitswith terminals on eachindependent circuit connectedtogether.

ANSI/IEEE C37.90-1989(r1994)

1kV rms for 1 minute across theopen contacts of the watchdogrelays.

1kV rms for 1 minute acrossopen contacts of changeoveroutput relays.

1.5kV rms for 1 minute acrossopen contacts of normally openoutput relays.

High voltage impulse

IEC 60255-5: 1977

Three positive and three negativeimpulses of 5kV peak, 1.2/50s,0.5J between all terminals andall terminals and case earth.

Electrical environment

DC supply interruption

IEC 60255-11: 1979

The unit will withstand a 20msinterruption in the auxiliarysupply, in its quiescent state,without de-energising.

AC ripple on dc supply

IEC 60255-11: 1979

The unit will withstand a 12% ac ripple on the dc supply.

AC voltage dips and shortinterruptions

IEC 61000-4-11: 1994

20ms interruptions/dips.

High frequency disturbance

IEC 60255-22-1: 1988 Class III

At 1MHz, for 2s with 200source impedance:

2.5kV peak betweenindependent circuits andindepende

p14x-en-t-a22

Documents