Famous Pirates: Close-Up

Part I

Capitian Blood “service to the French, seafaring experience with the Dutch, Spanish prison” Monmouth’s rebellion The system of indentured slavery The concept of Spanish honor Port Royal Tortuga L’Olonais Maracaibo and Cartagena War: the French William and Mary

They are cows, we are pigs Esquemeling Former slaves on pirate ships The Amerindians and the pirates Maracaibo and Cartagena (again) The rules of the Brotherhood of the Coast The Pirate Republic

Literary Representations and Historical Reality

The Barbarossa brothers Polyglot Trade and privateering Fought the Knights Hospitalier, the Italians, and the Spanish Transported expulsed Muslims fromSpain, 1504-10 Raided the coasts of Spain, Sicily, Sardinia, the

Balearic Islands; captured cities in Algeria and Tunisia Ruler of Algiers; brought the Ottoman empire to

North Africa (1517) where it remained for four centuries

Barbarossa-Redbeard(Baba Aruj)1474-1518

Inherited a rather large shippingand trading business; taxation of fishing Castles, marriages, children Abilities in battle proven during a castlesiege “Taxed” cargo ships for safe passage; non-compliance meant violence and even murder Inspired admiration and loyalty in her followers In the public imagination: folk hero; nationalpatriot of Ireland; “The Sea Queen of Connacht”; 16th century Amazon; today - subject of a Broadway musical

Grace O’Malley1530-1603

The O’Malley crestImages: http://irregularwars.blogspot.co.uk/

Meeting with the Queen

Farming family of good stature Gifted seafarer Spanish treasure ships Slave trade Raids of Cadiz and Panama Circumnavigation Knighthood Vice admiral of the English fleet against the Armada Commissioned to “clean” the English Channel: seek

and destroy remaining Spanish ships, and also pirate vessels

Unsuccessful final campaigns

Francis Drake1540-1596

Several different people or one known bymany names: Diego the Mulatto, Diego de los Reyes, Captain Diego Martín, Diego de la Cruz, Diego Díaz, Diego le Métis, Diego Lucifer

It is more or less a consensus that Martín, de los Reyes, and Lucifer are all names of the same person Former slave from Havana Quick rise to captain of ship Sailed with Dutch pirates Likely received offence in Campeche Attack on Campeche, 1633 Gallantry

Treatment of Isabel Maldonado, widow of the former governor of the Yucatán Treatment of Thomas Cage on his return to England

Diego The Mulattod. 1673 according to Benerson Little

Portrait by Diego Velázquez

The sitter is Juan de Pareja, another painter and former slave

Son of a Welsh farmer; both uncles roseto prominence, one becoming Major-General,and the other, Lt-Governor of Jamaica Alexander Esquemeling accounts Puerto Principe campaign Porto Bello attack Raid on Cartagena Raid on Maracaibo and Gibraltar Capture of Panama and destruction of Panama City

Arrested for violation of the 1670 peace treaty Knighted Lieutenant Governor of Jamaica, 1675

Suspended from the Jamaican Council Dies in retirement

Henry Morgand. 1688

His name as a joke Started off hunting logwood cuttersunder captain Felipe de la Barrera y Villegas, off the Gulf Coast of Mexico Partner in crime: Pedro de Costa Flagship: León Coronado Systematically attacked French and British buccaneers

from Cuba (circa 1682); caused tension in the Caribbean Tortured and murdered captives Marooned with part of the crew after a storm, died of

injuries and exposure. It is told that the survivors resorted to cannibalism

Juan Corsod. 1685

Buccaneer Attacked numerous Spanishships and towns Flagship: Trinity The book of maps takenFrom El Santo Rosario (1681) First Englishman to go around Cape Horn Accounts of his adventures published during his

lifetime Full pardon from Charles II Died in prison and in debt

Bartholomew Sharp1650-1702

Likely from a wealthy family Participant in the War ofSpanish Succession Flagship: Queen Anne’sRevenge Operations: Caribbean; Atlantic coast of the Britishcolonies Blockade of Charleston, SC Royal pardon in NC Persecuted by the governorof Virginia The legend is more violentthan the reality

Edward Teach—Blackbeard1680-1718

Image: Miles Teves

1736 engraving

Bath, NC