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Pathology of Pathology of PneumoniaPneumonia

Dr. Venkatesh M. ShashidharDr. Venkatesh M. ShashidharSenior Lecturer in PathologySenior Lecturer in PathologyFiji School of MedicineFiji School of Medicine

Introduction:

Daily 10,000 liters of air - filtered..! Pneumonia: Inflammation of lung. Respiratory tract infections –

commonest in medical practice. Enormous morbidity & mortality.

Etiology: Decreased resistance - General/immune Virulent infection - Lobar pneumonia Clearing mechanism

Cough Reflex Mucosal Injury Low Alveolar defense Pulmonary edema Obstructions

Types: Viral Bacterial Mycoplasmal Fungal

Patterns of Pulmonary infections:

Airway - Bronchitis, Bronchiectasis Parenchyma

Pneumonia BronchopneumoniaLobar pneumonia

Lung abscessTuberculosis

Bronchopneumonia Staph, Strep, Pneumo & H. influenza Patchy consolidation – not limited to lobes. Suppurative inflammation Usually bilateral Lower lobes common Complications:

Abscess Empyema Dissemination

Broncho-pneumonia

Broncho-pneumonia

Broncho-pneumonia

Bronchopneumonia - Abscess formation

Bronchopneumonia:

Bronchopneumonia:

Bronchopneumonia - Abscess formation

Lung RSV Pneumonia:

Bronchopneumonia - CT

Bronchopneumonia - CT

Lobar Pneumonia: Fibrinosuppurative consolidation – whole lobe Rare due to antibiotic treatment. ~95% - Strep pneumoniae types 1,3,7& 2. Four stages:

Congestion. Red Hepatization. Gray Hepatizaiton. Resolution.

Lobar Pneumonia:

Lobar Pneumonia – Gray hep…

Lung Abscess: Focal suppuration with necrosis of lung tissue Strep, Staph & Gram negative & anaerobes Mechanism:

Aspiration Post pneumonic Septic embolism Neoplasms

Productive Cough, fever. Clubbing Complications: Systemic spread, septicemia.

Lung Abscess:

Lung Abscess:

Lung Abscess - Chronic:

Lung Fungal Abscess: Candida

Normal Lung

Normal Lung

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