pautrat_analysis and perspectives of the peruvian forest sector 2008-2009
TRANSCRIPT
ANALYSIS AND PERSPECTIVES OF THE
PERUVIAN FOREST SECTOR 2008 – 2009
Lucila Pautrat, 2010
15th Illegal Logging Stakeholder Update
20th – 21st January 2010
Chatham House, 10 St James’s Square, London
PERU:
ECONOMIC GROWTH VS. SOCIAL CONFLICTS: PERU 2006 - 2009TOWARDS A CRISIS
OF GOVERNABILITY?
In Dec. 2009:
Ombudsman
reported 267
ConflictsConflicts
49 % Socio -
Environmental
Conflict: Mining &
Oil (Forest &
Indigenous lands)
FOREST LAND USE PLANNING:
MILLION
HECTAREAS
LAND USE
18
Forest for Production (Timber, Non
Timber, Ecotourism, Wildlife and
Environmental Services)
7´171,553.98 ha DEFORESTED
(INRENA, 2005)
14
National Protected Areas
12
Indigenous Communities Lands
??
Informal occupation (Lack of
Information and registration)
?? Other Public Lands
-Informal Occupation
-Illegal crops of coca leaves
ILLEGAL LOGGING IN PERU:
COMERCIO DE CAOBA
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
m3 c
om
erc
ializados
Illegal Logging
0
10,000
20,000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Año
m3 c
om
erc
ializados
Fuente: IFFS – INRENA, 2008
SOCIAL:
• Violation of Indigenous communities’ rights
• Health problems and poverty
• Forced labour & exploitation
ENVIRONMENTAL:
• Deforestation / Biodiversity loss
• Land use change
IMPACTS OF ILLEGAL LOGGING
• Land use change
• Soil and water contamination
• Breaches into National Protected Areas
ECONOMICS:
• Tax evasion
• Money ‘laundering’
• Wood traffic
• Loss of natural resources
PERU – US FREE TRADE AGREEMENT
• April 12th, 2006: Peru-US FTA signed
• June 24th, 2007: Protocol of Amendments to the FTA Peru – US
signed, which contains The Forestry Annex 18.3.4
• Dec. 2007: Law Nº 29157
• March - June 2008, the Executive approved 99 Legislatives
Decrees, 63 of which were approved in one day. They were not pre-Decrees, 63 of which were approved in one day. They were not pre-
published or reviewed by the Congress or any other Public
Institution.
2009:
Oil & Gas Plots offers
by the Government.
80% of them are
overlap to Indigenous
Lands & Indigenous
Road Infrastructure ProjectsBIOFUELS
Lands & Indigenous
Isolated Populations
Reserves
Source: IBC, 2009
June 11th, 2009: The
Ombudsman Office report:
• 11 Indigenous people dead
• 23 Policemen dead
• 197 people hurt in several
local hospitals
• 79 people arrested
CHALLENGES IN THE PERUVIAN FOREST SECTOR
• January 2010: Minister or Agriculture start a Participatory
Process for design the National Forest Policy & New Forest
Law
• Create a Forestry Vice Ministry
• On going Decentralisation process in the Forest Sector
CONCLUSIONS:
• Peruvian citizens perceived the government as absent,
incoherent and arbitrary
•Forest Annex (Peru – USA FTA) promotes governance and
aims to eradicate illegal logging
• However it was misused by the government to implement
structural reforms, which promoted private investments in
biofuels, mining and oil production, and breached the rightsbiofuels, mining and oil production, and breached the rights
of indigenous communities
• Economic policy is one of the factors
increasing social conflicts
