Periods 3-4 Language points

1.decrease 减少

increase 增加

The number of new students decreased from 210 to 160 this year.

The price wheat has decreased by 15%.

This species of bird is decreasing in number every year.

2. as a result 结果，因此 . 做状语

He ate some bad fish. As a result, he fell ill .

as a result of 由于… 的原因后接名词 / 动名词 /what 引导的宾语从句

As a result of what he said, his mother got very angry.

He fell from the horse. As a result, he was unable to go to work the next day.

= He was unable to work the next day as the result of the fall from his horse .

6. as a result… as a result of ….The dam broke and ___________the land was flooded.He failed in the exam _____________ being careless.

as a result

as a result of

3.endanger v. 使… 遭受危害

endangered adj. 濒危的

dangerous adj. 具有危险性的

danger n. 危险

Smoking endangers your health. be in danger 处于危险之中be out of danger 脱离危险The patient is in danger.be in danger of 处于……的危险中She was sick and in danger of (losing her life).help …out of dangerbe a danger to…(us)They are in danger./ They are endangered.他们处在危险当中。They are dangerous. 他们 ( 对别人 ) 危险 .

4. die out 灭亡；灭绝 Many animals have died out in the past. 　

Many old customs are dying out.

die away 　声音，风，光等渐渐消失 He hid behind the door until the footsteps had died away. die off 一群生物相继死去As he grew older, his relatives all died off. die down 物质特性或情感变弱，逐渐平息When the excitement had died down, the shoppers reopened their shops.

5. loss n. 损失；遗失；丧失；败北He reported the loss of his wallet to the police.He suffered a loss of 10,000dollars on the business. Our team has already had 3 losses.be lost in 沉迷于，埋首at a loss 困惑，不知所措 --He was at a loss what to say to the teacher’s question.--Obviously he was lost in thought just now.

6. reserve---reservation-- 预约We must reserve two seats on the plane. 我们必须预定两个飞机座位。(2) 保留，存储 You had better reserve the money for futur

e need. 你最好保留那笔钱以供将来之需。 I must keep a good reserve of energy for to

morrow’s exam.(3) 保护区We watched the lions in the nature reserve.

7.hunt ---hunting---hunter

go hunting hunt for 　寻找　 a hunting dog He is hunting for a job. The dogs are hunting for the bones.

8. being left in peace leave (the tigers) in peace leave+O.+OC.

leave +O.+N. (leave him an orphan)leave+O.+adj. (leave the window open)leave+O.+adv. (leave the light on)leave+O.+doing (leave him shouting in the rain)leave+O.+done (leave the illness untreated)

9.in peace 与 at peace 的区别in peace “ 处于清静或安谧状态 , 不被打搅” at peace” 休战，熄争，和睦相处“I wish you’d leave me in peace– I’ve got work to do.The two countries are at peace.

in peace at peaceOn the whole, the world now is ________.Generally speaking, people all over the world now live ______________.

10. Daisy had always longed to help endangered species of wild life.

long to do sth.

long for sth. 渴望

We’re longing for peace.

He longed to see her.

We longed for the summer to be over soon.

11. Beneath our stomachs( 复数）

I have a pain in my stomach =I have a stomachache. 我肚子痛。

I have no stomach for this heavy food.( 胃口）

have a stomach for 对…有胃口

on a full stomach 吃饱时

on an empty stomach 空腹时

turn one’s stomach 想呕吐

12. turn around 转过去，围绕…旋转The earth turns around the sun.turn on /off 打开 / 关掉 turn up/ down 开大 / 减弱turn to 向…求助 turn against 反对 turn over 翻转，考虑turn away 解雇 turn back 折回

13. in reliefWhen the headmaster walked out of the classroom, the students were in relief.to one’s relief 使某人感到宽慰的是Much to our relief, her injuries were only slight.

14. burst into laughterShe burst into tears.He burst into the room without knocking.The aircraft burst into flames.

15.That’s better, but I’d like to help as the WWF suggests.The monitor suggested a visit to that hill this week. The monitor suggested visiting that hill this week.The monitor suggested we ( should) visit that hill this week.The experts suggested to the government several possible solutions to the problem. The smile on his face suggested that he was glad to help.

16. protect ……from 保护… .. 免受… . 危害

He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight.

The heavy coat can protect me from \against cold.We must do something to protect the trees from being cut down.

阻止某人干某事 keep sb from doing sth

stop sb from doing sth

prevent sb from doing sth

The school stopped the students from playing computer games.

17.affect—effect—effectiveaffect sth. /sb.=have an effect on sth. /sb. 对…有影响A sudden change in weather may affect your health.The medicine has an effect on me.

降雨量直接影响庄稼的生长。 他们的观点不会影响我的决定。The amount of rain affects the crops.

Their opinion will not affect my decision.生效；开始实施实际上

come into effect 开始起作用；见效in effect take effect

The old man’s words ______________ me, and I always remember what he said.Lucy said she left her homework at home, _______ she didn’t finish it. The medicine_____________ in one hour after you take it. This new teaching system of our school _____________ next month.

had an effect on

in effect

takes effect

will come into effect

18. pay attention toYou speak English very well, but you’d better____________________ your written English. Please pay attention to what I’m saying.

pay more attention to

19. appreciate 感激；鉴赏；意识到I appreciate your help.Her gift for music was not appreciated.I’m afraid you haven’t appreciated the problem of the matter.appreciate + doingI appreciated being invited to the party.appreciate it + if 引导的从句I’ll appreciate it if you can help us with the work.

20.No rain forest, no animals ,no drugs. 没有热带雨林，就没有动物，也没有药物。

No pains, no gains.Nothing venture, nothing gain.不入虎穴焉得虎子。Nothing seek, nothing find 无求则无获。