Personality.

1) Introduction to Personality2) Theory of segment fried 3) Perspectives in Study of Personality

Table Of contents

The term personality was taken from the two Latin words “per” and “sonare” which means “to sound through”.

Personality is the particular combination of emotional, attitudinal, and behavioral response patterns of an individual.

Character: value judgments of a person’s moral and ethical behavior

Personality is the sum total of who you are– your attitude and reaction, both physical and emotional.

Introduction to Personality

Psychoanalytic Behavioristic (including social cognitive

theory) Humanistic Trait perspectives

Perspectives in Study of Personality

Founder of the psychoanalytic movement in psychology.

1. Divisions of Consciousness2. Personality Structure3. Freud’s Theory: Stages of Personality Development

sigmund freud (1856 to 1939)

Sigmund Freud

1) Conscious mind2) Preconscious mind3) Unconscious mind

Divisions of Consciousness

Conscious mind - level of the mind that is aware of immediate surroundings and perceptions.

consists of everything inside of our awareness includes such things as the sensations,

perceptions, memories and feeling inside of our current awareness

Example: Change your attention Dance

Conscious mind

Preconscious mind - level of the mind in which information is available but not currently conscious.

The unconscious mind is a reservoir of feelings, thoughts, urges, and memories that outside of our conscious awareness

pull preconscious to conscious into consciousness when needed.

Example: if you were asked what television show you watched last night or what you had for breakfast this morning, you would be pulling that information out of your preconscious.

Preconscious mind

Unconscious mind - level of the mind in which thoughts, feelings, memories, and other information are kept that are not easily or voluntarily brought into consciousness.

reservoir of feelings, thoughts, urges, and memories Most of the contents of the unconscious are

unacceptable or unpleasant, such as feelings of pain, anxiety, or conflict

Example: Breathing Can be revealed in dreams and Freudian slips of the tongue.

Unconscious mind

1) ID2) EGO3) Superego

Personality Structure

only component of personality that is present from birth

contains a reservoir of unconscious psychic energy

strives to satisfy basic sexual and aggressive drives

operates on the pleasure principle, demanding immediate gratification

pleasure principle: which strives for immediate gratification of all desires, wants, and needs. If these needs are not satisfied immediately, the result is a state anxiety or tension. For example, an increase in hunger or thirst should produce an immediate attempt to eat or drink

ID

the largely conscious, “executive” part of personalitymediates among the demands of the id, superego and

realityoperates on the reality principle, satisfying the id’s desires

in ways that will realistically bring pleasure rather than painThe ego also discharges tension created by unmet

impulses through the secondary process, in which the ego tries to find an object in the real world that matches the mental image created by the id's primary process.

Ego

the part of personality that presents internalized ideals

provides standards for judgment and for future aspirations

holds all of our internalized moral standards and ideals that we acquire from both parents and society--our sense of right and wrong. The superego provides guidelines for making judgments……

Superego

The ego ideal includes the rules and standards for good behaviors. These behaviors include those which are approved of by parental and other authority figures. Obeying these rules leads to feelings of pride, value and accomplishment.

The conscience includes information about things that are viewed as bad by parents and society. These behaviors are often forbidden and lead to bad consequences, punishments or feelings of guilt and remorse.

Superego

Freud’s idea of the mind’s structure

Personality Structure