petroleum engineering 406
DESCRIPTION
Petroleum Engineering 406. Lesson 2 Well Control. Read. Well Control Manual Chapter 4-6 Homework 1 Due Jan. 1/28/04. Causes of Kicks - Tripping. Failure to keep the hole full. Causes of Kicks - Tripping. Swabbing. Causes of Kicks. Lost circulation. Causes of Kicks - Drilling. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Petroleum Engineering 406
Lesson 2
Well Control
![Page 2: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Read
• Well Control Manual– Chapter 4-6
• Homework 1 Due Jan. 1/28/04
![Page 3: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Causes of Kicks - Tripping
• Failure to keep the hole full
![Page 4: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Causes of Kicks - Tripping
• Swabbing
![Page 5: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Causes of Kicks
• Lost circulation
![Page 6: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Causes of Kicks - Drilling
• Insufficient density of drilling fluid
• Drilling into Abnormal pressure
![Page 7: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Causes of Kicks - Other
• Annular flow after cement job
• Lost control during DST
• Drilling into adjacent wells
• Drilling through (shallow) gas zones at excessive rates
![Page 8: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Kick Warnings - Drilling
• Drilling break
• Increase in flow rate
![Page 9: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Kick Warnings - Drilling
• Pit gain
![Page 10: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Kick Warnings - Drilling
• Decrease in circulating pressure
• Increase in pump rate
• Well flows with pumps off
![Page 11: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Kick Warnings - Tripping
• Improper hole fill
• DO NOT WAIT FOR PIT GAIN OR FOR THE WELL TO FLOW
• What should you do if the well is not taking the proper fill on a trip?
![Page 14: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Shut In Procedures - Drilling
• Soft Shut In1 Pick up the kelly until
the tool joint clears the floor.
2 Shut down the pumps.
3 Check for flow.
4 If flowing, open the HCR valve.
5 Close BOP.
6 Close choke.
• Hard Shut In1 Pick up the kelly until
the tool joint clears the floor.
2 Shut down the pumps.3 Check for flow.4 If flowing, Close BOP.
5 Open HCR valve.6 Close choke.
![Page 15: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Shut In Procedures - Drilling
• Soft Shut In7 Notify supervisors
8 Read & record SIDPP, SICP, Pit Gain, Time, Date
9 Prepare to implement kill.
• Hard Shut In7 Notify supervisors
8 Read & record SIDPP, SICP, Pit Gain, Time, Date
9 Prepare to implement kill.
![Page 16: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Shut In Procedures - Tripping
1. Set slips below top tool joint
2. Stab a full opening safety valve and close it.
3. Open the HCR and close the BOP, and choke
4. Pick up and stab the kelly or a pump-in line
![Page 17: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Shut In Procedures - Tripping
5. Open the safety valve.
6. Notify the supervisors.
7. Read and record SIDPP, SICP, Pit gain, TVD of Well, TVD of bit, time, and date.
8. Prepare to implement kill.
![Page 18: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Shut In Procedures - Diverters
• With diverters in use (prior to setting surface casing)
• DO NOT SHUT IN WELL - DIVERT.
![Page 19: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Shut In Procedures - Casing
1. Lower casing until a swage and valve can be stabbed.
2. Close the casing rams or annular preventer.
3. Stab the swage and valve.
4. Notify supervisor
5. Read and record pressures
6. Prepare to kill well
![Page 20: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Well Kill Methods
• Wait & Weight method
• Driller’s method
• Circulate & weight
• Concurrent method
![Page 21: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Well Kill Methods
• Reverse circulation
• Dynamic kill
• Bullheading
• Lubricate and bleed
• Volumetric
![Page 22: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Constant BHP Well Control
![Page 23: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Wait & Weight Method
• Weight up mud to KWM and complete kill sheet
• Circulate KWM to bit following decline schedule
• Circulate KWM back to surface maintaining FCP on drillpipe pressure
![Page 24: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Wait & Weight Method
7000
![Page 25: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Wait & Weight Method
• When well is full of KWM, Shut in well
• Check for remaining pressures
• If surface pressures are zero, check for flow by cracking choke
• If no flow, carefully open BOP’s
• Circulate around again
![Page 26: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Wait & Weight - Advantages
• Kill well in one circulation
• Least amount of maximum casing pressures
![Page 27: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Driller’s Method
• Shut in well long enough to measured stabilized SI pressures
• Circulate kick fluids from wellbore with original weight mud maintaining ICP on drillpipe
• When kick fluids are circulated out, shut in well
![Page 28: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Driller’s Method
• Weight up mud to KWM
• Circulate KWM to bit following pressure decline schedule
• Continue circulating KWM around maintaining FCP until KWM reaches surface
• Shut well in, check for pressures, flow etc.
![Page 29: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Driller’s Method
![Page 30: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Driller’s Method - Advantages
• Short shut in times
• Easy
![Page 31: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Circulate & Weight
• Shut in long enough to measure stabilized SI pressures
• Begin circulating kick from wellbore with OWM at ICP
• While circulating, isolate one pit and begin to weight up to KWM
• When mud is weighted up, switch pump suction to weighted pit, and follow W&W
![Page 32: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Circulate & Weight - Advantages
• Best of W&W and Driller’s
![Page 33: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Concurrent method
• Weight up and circulate in increments
• Takes one complete circulation for each increment
![Page 34: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Reverse Circulation
• Circulate down annulus and up the drillpipe or tubing.
• Used extensively in workovers and completions
![Page 35: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Dynamic Kill
• For blowout control– Use high pump speeds and viscosities to
generate high annular friction pressures– Annular friction used instead of surface choke
• For shallow gas– Circulate as fast as rig pumps will allow
through diverters– DO NOT HOLD ANY BACK PRESSURE
![Page 36: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Bullheading
• Pump kill fluid down wellbore, usually at relatively high speeds to force formation fluids back into formation
• Used predominantly in:– Workover and completion operations– Austin Chalk flow drilling
– When danger of H2S
![Page 37: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Lubricate & Bleed
• Only applicable with gas at the surface
• Pump in KWM into wellbore
• Let KWM fall for some time
• Bleed off gas
• Repeat
![Page 38: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Volumetric Method
• Used when circulation is not possible or when gas is migrating in closed in well
• As surface pressures increase due to gas migration, bleed off excessive pressure and allow bubble to expand.
• Continue until circulation can be resumed or until gas reaches surface
![Page 39: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Use of Kill Sheet
• Pre-recorded information– SPP– Pump output– Drillstring capacity– Annular capacity– Pressure limitations– Circulation times– Number of strokes
![Page 40: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Use of Kill Sheet
• Post kick information– SIDPP– SICP– Pit gain– Time– Date
![Page 41: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Use of Kill Sheet
• Calculate:– KWM = SIDPP/0.052/TVD + OWM– ICP = SPP + SIDPP– FCP = SPP*KWM/OWM
• Plot Pressure Decline Schedule
![Page 42: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Kill Sheet
![Page 43: Petroleum Engineering 406](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032612/56812d60550346895d926dec/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Kill Sheet
Plot ICPPlot FCP