PHILIPPINE LITERATURELiterature During U.S. Colonization

By: Lumahod, Arcelyn S.

NOTABLE WORKS

• Sarsuwela

• Footnote To Youth

• How my brother Leon brought home a wife?

• Kahapon, Ngayon at Bukas

• Wanted: Chaperon

SARSUWELA

• It is a play with singing and dancing

• Also known as “zarzuela”

• Dulang inawitan o dulang hinunihan

FOOTNOTE TO

YOUTH• A short story

• A story of a boy who was only 17 years old when he decides to marry his loved one.

HOW MY

BROTHER LEON

BROUGHT HOME

A WIFE• A story written by Manuel Arguilla

about a man who comes home to his province to introduce his wife from the city to his family.

KAHAPON,

NGAYON AT

BUKAS • A drama symbolic in three acts written by Aurelio Tolentino in 1903.

• First staged at the “Teatro Libertad” in Manila on May 15, 1903.

• Considered as Tolentino’s most significant contribution to Filipino drama and most seditious drama of the era.

WANTED:

CHAPERON• A play in one act, written and

directed by Wilfredo Ma. Guerrero.

• Jose Villa Panganiban translated it as “Kailangan Isang Tsaperon”

• This household comedy tells about conflicts among a rich couple and their children because of their opposing views on behavior and on family norms.

NOTABLE

AUTHORS

• Severino Reyes

• Wilfrido Ma. Guerrero

• Fernando Ma. Guerrero

• Cecilio Apostol

• Jose Corazon de Jesus

• Benigno R. Ramos

NOTABLE

AUTHORS

• Patricio Mariano

• Carlos Bulosan

• Faustino Aguilar

• Manuel Arguilla

• Marcel Navarra

• Magdalena Jatandoni

DRAMATIST• Severino Reyes

• Was a Filipino writer, playwright and director of plays

• He used the pen name “Lola Basyang.”

• He was nicknamed “Don Binoy.”

• Reyes is known as the “Father of Tagalog Plays” and as the father of the tagalog “zarzuela”

• Wilfrido Ma. Guerrero

• Was born in Ermita, Manila

• He has extensively observed the theater and drama school

POETRY• Fernando Ma. Guerrero

• An author of “Crisalidas” (1914) and “To Spain”

• He was a Filipino politician, journalist, lawyer and polyglot who became a significant figure during the Philippine golden period of Spanish literature.

• Cecilio Apostol• His poems were once used to teach Spanish

language under the Republic Act No. 1881

• He was born in Sta. Cruz, Manila

• Works: “Pentilicas” and “Crisalidad”• Poetry collections representing Spanish

writings at its liveliest

POETRY• Jose Corazon de Jesus

• Also known as “Huseng Batute”

• Is one of the greatest Philippine poets and is acknowledged as the “King of Balagtasan”

• Works: “Mga Gintong Dahon” and “Sa Dakong Silangan”

• Benigno R. Ramos• Was an advocate for the independence of

the Philippine from the United States who collaborated with Japan

• Ramos was also noted as a writer of poetry with a collection: “Mga Agam-agam” and other poems due for publication

NOVELIST• Patricio Mariano

• Was a Filipino nationalist, revolutionary, pundit, novelist and short story writer.

• He was a katipunero member and the son of Petronilo Mariano and Dionisia Geronimo

• Works: Anak ng Dagat, Ang Mga Anak ng Dalita, Ang Tala sa Panghulo

• Carlos Bulosan

• Was an English language Filipino novelist and poet who spent most of his life in the United States

• His best known work was the “America is in the Heart”

NOVELIST• Faustino Aguilar

• Was a Filipino novelist, journalist and the editor of the periodical “Taliba”

• He wrote novels in the social realist vein, including Busabos ng Palad, Sa Ngalan ng Dios, and Ang Patawad ng Patay

• He was also a member of the “Katipunan”

SHORT STORY

• Marcel Navarra• Known as the “The Father of Modern Cebuano

Literature”

• Born in Tuyom, Carcar

• He spent most of his life writing almost 80 short stories which were published in Cebuano magazines

• Works: At Ako’y Inanod, Tungod sa Kayagang, Si Zosimo

• Manuel Arguilla• Is an acclaimed short story writer as well as a

patriot and a guerilla hero

• He is known for his widely anthologize short story, “How my brother brought home a wife”

• His other works are “Midsummer”, “Heat” and “A Son Is Born”

SHORT STORY

• Magdalena Jalandoni

• Was a Filipino feminist writer

• She is now remembered as one of the most prolific writers in the Hiligaynon language, from Western Visayas

• Her works are said to have left permanent a significant milestone in Philippine literature

• Works: Si Anabella, Sa Kapaang Sang Inaway (“In the Heat of War”), Ang Dalaga sa Tindahan

SIGNIFICANT

DEVELOPMENTS• The introduction of free public

instruction for all children of school age.

• The use of English as medium of instruction in all levels of education in public school.

FREE PUBLIC

• Education made knowledge and information accessible to a greater number of Filipinos

• The use of English as medium of instruction introduced past Filipinos to Anglo-American modes of thought, culture, and life ways that would be embedded not only in literature produced but also in the psyche of the countries educated class.