philosophy of edu action pp t

7/27/2019 Philosophy of Edu Action Pp t

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Major philosophies of Education

Philosophies

Perennialism Progressivism

Essentialism Existentialism

SocialReconstructionism

Fishbone organizer


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Jigsaw and fishbone

Groups of tables will be assigned one of thephilosophies on the fishbone organizer.

Using the handout, the group will become the expertson the assigned philosophy(jigsaw)

The group will be responsible to summarize thephilosophy on the flip chart paper and post their

section of the fishbone onto the bigger fishbone aswell as explain it to the rest of the group


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Teacher Centered

Focus on the

subject

Student CenteredFocus onSelf and

Society

Perennialism

Essentialism

Progressivism

Existentialism

SocialReconstructionism


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Presentations to groupWhen presenting the philosophy please explain it in

terms of the continuum and why it fits in thatsection of the continuum.

You will also identify key philosophers identified withthis philosophy.


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Perennealism views truth as a constant

education is to ensure that students acquireknowledge of unchanging principles or great ideas

great ideas have the best potential of solving theproblems of any era

curriculum should stress students growth in arts andsciences

students should become culturally literate bystudying the best , most significant works thathumans have created

aim to teach students to become critical thinkers


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PerennealismMajor Researchers

* Robert Maynard Hutchins (1899-1977)

* Mortimer Adler organized the great Books ofthe Western World curriculum


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Essentialism believe that human culture has a core of common

knowledge that schools are obliged to transmit tostudents in a systematic, disciplined way

believe that there is a body of essentialknowledge and skills that all humans need toknow

schools should provide sound instruction that isaimed at preparing students to live life andcomply with societys accepted standards andneed for order.


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Essentialism * William C. Bagley ( 1874-1946)


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Progressivism education should be child centered

curriculum should be derived from studentsinterests

effective teaching takes into account the whole child

learning is active, not passive

knowledge that is true in the present may not be truein the future so students need to be taught problemsolving strategies

the teacher is a guide or resource to help studentslearn about what


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ProgressivismJohn Dewey ( 1859-1952


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Existentialism focuses on the experiences of the individual

helps learners focus on the meaning of their learning,their life, their truth

emphasizes creative choice, the subjectivity of humanexperience, and concrete acts of human existence

schools must allow students freedom of choice

freedom has rules and respect for the freedom of

others is essential schools should allow students to ask their own

questions, conduct their own inquiries, and drawtheir own conclusions


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Existentialism * Jean Paul Sarte ( 1905-1980)

* Maxine Greene ( 1917 - )


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Social Reconstructionism school should take the lead in changing or reconstructing society

reaction to the cold war climate and threat after WWII

schools should both transmit knowledge about the existing socialorder but also seek to reconstruct it as well

belief in bringing the community into the classroom

actively seek to create a world wide democracy


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Social Reconstructionism * Theodore Brameld ( 1904-1987)

* George Counts ( 1889-1974)


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Psychological orientations In addition to the five major philosophical

orientations, several psychological theories haveformed the basis for teaching philosophies.

Psychological theories are concerned withunderstanding the conditions that are associated witheffective learning

There are many psychological orientations that haveinfluenced teaching philosophies such as humanisticpsychology, behaviourism, and constructivism.


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Humanistic Psychology emphasizes freedom, choice, awareness, personal

responsibility

*goal of education is individual self-actualization

individuals control their own destinies through theapplication of their intelligence and reasoning

teachers should not force students to learn but shouldcreate a climate of trust and respect that allowsstudents to decide what and how they will learn

teachers become learning facilitators


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Behaviorasim based on the belief that desirable human behaviour can be

the product of design, not accident

our behaviour is determined by forces in our environ- ment

that shape our behaviour learning conforms to a basic stimulus-response model

( operant conditioning)

teachers can create learners who respond by 1. identifyingthe desired behaviours in concrete terms 2. establishing a

procedure for recording specific behaviours and countingtheir frequencies 3. for each behaviour, identify anappropriate reinforcer 4. ensure that students receive theappropriate reinforcer as soon as possible after displayingthe desired behaviour


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Constructivism focus on processes of learning rather than on learning behaviour

believe that students construct understanding of the material to belearned

support student centered curriculum

focus on mental processes and strategies that students use to lear

see learning as an active, meaning-making process

students are continuously involved in making sense of the thingsthat happen around them

teachers must realize that students learning is influenced by priorknowledge, experience, attitudes, and social; interactions


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Seasonal partners Take out a sheet of extra paper

On this sheet make a symbol for every season of the

year and leave room to write someones name underthe season (see next slide for model)

Your task is to fill this sheet with four differentpartners who are not sitting at your table

These will be your seasonal partners.

You will be asked to meet with your seasonal partnersduring further discussions


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Winter partner______________________

Spring partner____________________

Fall partner_________________

Summer partner

________________________

Seasonal partners
http://images.google.ca/imgres?imgurl=http://einiverse.eingang.org/ein2/archives/images/leaf4.jpg&imgrefurl=http://einiverse.eingang.org/ein2/archives/2004/02/index.html&h=230&w=230&sz=14&hl=en&start=26&tbnid=ewLSERNXmToifM:&tbnh=108&tbnw=108&prev=http://www1.istockphoto.com/file_thumbview_approve/3081053/2/istockphoto_3081053_retro_spring_garden_vector.jpghttp://www.dreamstime.com/cartoon-sun-thumb1008854http://www.artie.com/winter/arg_snowman_207x181_url.gif


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Personal beliefs

Teaching and Learning

Students

Knowledge

What is worth knowing

Philosophical areas

Philosophy ofEducation

TeachingBehaviour


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Personal beliefs Please find your winter partner

With your winter partner discuss your beliefs aboutteaching and learning.

Please find your summer partner

With this partner please discuss your beliefs aboutwhat is worth knowing

philosophy of edu action pp t

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