philosophy of language ( language and mind ) by mark paul bucayan and charls edgar jalandoni
TRANSCRIPT
INTRODUCTION:
LANGUAGE
as a type of KNOWLEDGE
BEHAVIOURLEARNT
USED
UNDERSTOO
D
MIND OR MENTAL
PROCESSESIntimately bound up:
+Understand
+Describe
+Affect the world around
us.
Issues:
+The descriptions of language
+The acquisition of language
ONE
SIGN AND STRUCTURE:
LANGUAGE: Series of Sign two different entities
Thing and
NameConcept and
Sound-Image
ConceptIdeational account of
meaning. (MIND)
Sound- ImageNot the actual sounds but
Psychological imprint of the
sound.
(behavior)
Ferdinand Saussure
Signified and Signifier
Signified Concept
SignifierSound-
Image
Sign
Arbitrary
Natural link
Convention of individual
languages.
Can create
Language
Language Mental structure
part of definition
Not complete Reference to its function
Communication
Sound-image Actual Sound
Sound Same languagereceived Recognized as
SOUND-IMAGE
When?
Mental Concept
EX:
Language
Sort of signs shared by
complexity
Saussure
Study of human use of sign in general Semiolog
ystructural relationship
Signconsequence
Not sharing any particular characteristics
RELATION
CULTU
RE
LANGUA
GE
ONE LANGUAGE
A. EDWARD SAPIR
Complexit
y and
Powers of
Expressio
n
SIMILAR
EMPIRICISM
John Locke
George Berkeley
*Importance of experience
*The evidence of senses
Twentieth Century
*The evidence offered by
DATA
Rejected :
MENTAL STATES
ABSTRACT MEANING
Observable phenomena of language use:
Spoken
Written Utterances
New Style:
Leonard Bloomfield
Mentalist Account
Facts of the Mind
Non-Physical Factor
Spirit or Will
Materialistic
Account
Of Human Behavior
By Phonetic Form
Not Semantic
Situatio
n
Language as Behaviorist
Uttered
Behavior / Reaction
STIMU
LIIgnites Us
Language is the expression of
the Behavior
Quine
Knowledge of the word /sentences
-Observe many
instances-how it is used
means
Linguistic
-meaningful
Need to refer to object
Rejects
Idea of meaning
Holis
m One which explains any complex entity as a whole
Expression Language
system
Can only be full
explained
Radical
translation
Observe
(language)Know
Another
systemKnow
Superiority
satisfie
dRight and wrong
Other is better than other
Don’t’ have
Determinate
meaning
Principle of indeterminacy of
translation Word
Different system
of translation
argues
Word
Explaine
d Observed
Translation
Matching up expression
Observing similarities in verbal
responses to various stimuli
Behaviorist account Observable responses to
stimuli
If we use this By:
Deducing
satisfactor
y
Behavior is there to
explain
Language
Exist
-Use
-AcquiringInvolves
Observing
Practices
Child
No Preconceived
idea
SOUND
S Object
From
observation
Learned through
responses
Innate Hypothesis
Faculty
intended
for
LANGUAG
E
SPECIALISED
INDEPENDENTQUINE
Acquired LanguageThey learned it the
same time
CHOMSKY
Acquired Language
as they DevelopThey don’t learned it
the same time
POVERTY OF INPUT ATTACK TO
QUINE
Anti-
nativismInnatist and non-
innatist
Innatist
nature
non-
innatistexperien
ce
Chomsk
y
experien
cenecessary
butLanguage
development
Putnam
Quine
Experience is primary importance
Putnam
Gramma
r
Built--up
Nelson Goodman
necessity of language
faculty
Language Universal
dubious
Collection of
Languagesyste
mIt has
commonNatural language
“Language Faculty”
How to acquire
Language
CHOMSKY
Mind has a Innate Language
Faculty
Undergoes Mental
Process
Has rules Universal Grammar ( Principles and
Parameters)
Mind is complex and specific
QUINE
Stimulus and
Response
NO objective truth or
rules
Language has no single description
that it is right or wrong
PUTNAM
General Learning
Not Innate
Acquired language through
observation and studying.
Knowledge and use of language
Empiricist
sWe can understand
LANGUAGE Actual experience
Refers from your actual observation
Chomsky
behavior
LANGUAG
E
Competence and
PerformanceCompetence
Knowledge which forms a steady
state
Performance
More diverse phenomena
Dependent on competence
BUT
Personal and contextual factors
EMPIRICAL
LINGUISTICS
OBSERVATIO
N ANALYSIS
Actual Data of Language use
Corpus
Linguistics
COMPUTERS
They Deals on the
Authenticity of
real life data Examples
Mind of the Speaker
Languag
e
Can be accessed by
questioning informants
or intuition.
MENTAL
LINGUISTICS
Catherine Snow
Challenge
ChomskyPoverty of Input
CHILD DIRECTED
SPEECHAdult speak to Children in
their level
CHILD DIRECTED
SPEECH
EMPIRICA
L STUDY
Language Acquisition Mystery
THEREFORE
MENTAL
LINGUISTICS
EMPIRICAL
LINGUISTICS
BOTH STUDY
LANGUAGE
The Question about the
Problem