Andrew Wood-Gaines B.Sc. Forestry Certified Arborist ON – 0226

Phoenix Tree Care and Consulting

Box 53142, 10 Royal Orchard Blvd. Thornhill, ON L3T 7R9 Phone: 416.936.5755

E-mail: arborist@phoenixtreecare.ca Website: www. phoenixtreecare.ca

Forestry, Private Tree Bylaw, Parks and Recreation City of Vaughan 2800 Rutherford Rd. Vaughan, ON. L4K 2N9 November 7, 2015 Introduction This arborist report is written to supplement the City of Vaughan Private Tree By-Law application for Development. This report is for inventory purposes only. The property is located at 105 Brooke Street, Thornhill.

The property is located within TRCA designated lands (shaded green, source TRCA website). Please see photo to left. This will require TRCA review and application. Observations

The site was visited November 7, 2015. An inventory was completed and included all the trees on the site and within 6 meters of the site that were 20 cm and larger. Trees with stump diameters 20cm and greater are also included. Any city trees of any diameter would have also been included. The following table lists species, diameter at breast height, tree protection zone, condition,

ownership category, prescription for the tree, and any comments if applicable.

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Andrew Wood-Gaines B.Sc. Forestry Certified Arborist ON – 0226

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Andrew Wood-Gaines B.Sc. Forestry Certified Arborist ON – 0226

Tree Inventory for Arborist Report for Development Application 105 Brooke Street # Species Dia cm TPZm Cdn C*1 PN*2 Comments/ Recommendations 1 Mountain Ash 15,12,12 1.8 Poor 1,4 P Sap sucker damage 2 Green Ash 8 1.2 Poor 1,4 R Emerald Ash Borer present 3 Norway Maple 28 1.8 Good 5,4 P 4 American Beech 32 2.4 Good 5,4 P 5 Norway Maple 16 1.8 Good 5,4 P 6 Catalpa 25 1.8 Good 1,4 P 7 Catalpa 21 1.8 Fair 1,4 P structural issues 8 Kentucky Coffee Tree 33,42 3.0 Good 1,4 P 9 Silver Maple 39 2.4 Good 4 P 10 Silver Maple 27,25 1.8 Good 4 P 11 Manitoba Maple 38 2.4 Good 4 P 12 Manitoba Maple 42,32 3.0 Fair 4 P 13 Manitoba Maple 28 1.8 Good 4 P 14 Manitoba Maple 25 1.8 Fair 4 P 15 Manitoba Maple 12,12 1.8 Poor 4 P 16 Silver Maple 27 1.8 Good 4 P 17 Rock Elm 49 3.0 Dead 1,4 R 18 Rock Elm 39 2.4 Dead 1,4 R 19 Silver Maple 74,60 4.8 Fair 1,4 R 20 Cherry 46 3.0 Fair 1,4 P 21 Norway Maple 30 2.4 Good 1,4 P 22 Green Ash 17 1.8 Poor 1,4 R Emerald Ash Borer present 23 Green Ash 26 1.8 Poor 1,4 R Emerald Ash Borer present 24 Sugar Maple 17 1.8 Fair 1,4 P not growing in a viable place DBH cm Diameter at Breast Height = diameter in centimeters, 1.4 meters above grade TPZ Tree Protection Zone. The radial distance from the side of the tree at DBH C*1 = Categories 1. Trees with diameters of 30 cm or more, situated on private property on the subject site. 2. Trees with diameters of 30 cm or more, situated on private property, within 6 m of the subject site. 3. Trees of all diameters situated on City owned parkland within 6 m of the subject site. 4. On lands designated under the city municipal Code and TRCA Ravine and Natural Features Protection, trees of all diameters situated within 10 meters of any construction activity. 5. City Trees on Road Allowance PN*2 = Prescription R = Remove tree P = Preserve tree I = Injury Cdn = Condition Good: Is in good condition and viable. May need arboriculture work Fair: Condition is worsening , requires amelioration, consider expense Poor: Is in bad shape and little chance of recovery, possible hazard

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Andrew Wood-Gaines B.Sc. Forestry Certified Arborist ON – 0226

Dead: Remove if hazard, may have value as wildlife habitat. *a.g. = above grade

Scope of Work The owners are proposing to build a pool on south side of the building and a cabana on the east side of the house. There are three trees to be removed. There are two dead Elm trees and one Silver Maple tree in fair condition. Discussion and Tree Protection General Tree Protection: Tree protection is necessary to protect the critical tree root zone from soil compaction by equipment, storage of supplies. Hoarding will also prevent damage to trunk that are caused by operating equipment, and/or piling up supplies against the trunk. The Tree Protection Zone (TPZ), is the area within the radial distance from the base of the tree. The radial distance is from the outside base of the tree to the hoarding. This is indicated for each tree in the inventory table. Protection can be provided by a number of materials. Typically hoarding is constructed of two by four lumber sheathed with half inch plywood or similar material with a minimum height of 1.2 meters. This minimum protection provides a rigid support to restrict movement of vehicles and pedestrians and the storage of supplies and excavation material into the tree protection area. The modular metal fencing provides extra protection and visibility for pedestrian and vehicular traffic. The metal screen is supported by flat shoe bar that sits on the ground. This is ideal where the ground cannot be disturbed. However, a requirement may be necessary that each section of the fencing be anchored to the ground with wooden stakes. Orange frost fencing is used also where visibility for drivers and pedestrians is important. The fence is supported by a top and bottom rail and two cross beams extending from inside corner to inside corner from the vertical studs spaced every 2.4m (8ft). If the entire TPZ cannot be protected by vertical hoarding, i.e. if access is required over the TPZ, horizontal (ground cover) hoarding can be used. The type of ground protection depends on the purpose and strengths required for the

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Andrew Wood-Gaines B.Sc. Forestry Certified Arborist ON – 0226

access. Large equipment will require substantial ground protection techniques. This includes Geotextile materials, steel plates, Mudd Matts, plywood and other similar materials. For light equipment and worker access, ¾ inch plywood is sufficient. Hard surfaces, i.e., driveways, sidewalks, patios, etc., that are already present can be used as ground protection providing there is a good and have an adequate foundation for the weight of the equipment that is to be used. It is imperative that all hoarding remain intact and in location until all building and hard landscaping has been finished, or permitted by city forester or certified arborist. Further the TPZ hoarding is independent of the construction area protection fencing as this is movable and is often removed once the dangerous conditions are amended. *Please note that if the hoarding for an individual tree overlaps the hoarding for another tree, the hoardings can be combined to reduce materials and labour. Providing it will provide the minimum or better protection. On this site There are twenty four trees that qualify for the inventory.

Trees numbered one is an American Ash. It has three stems with diameters averaging 12 cm. The TPZ for this tree is 1.8m. The tree is in poor condition. There is evidence of Sap Sucker damage. This is common with declining American Ash trees. Tree numbered two is a Green Ash, (DBH 20cm, TPZ 1.8m). This tree show evidence of EAB (Emerald Ash Borer) and will have to be removed in the new year.

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Andrew Wood-Gaines B.Sc. Forestry Certified Arborist ON – 0226

Tree numbered three to five are city trees. Tree numbered three is a Norway Maple, DBH 28cm, and TPZ 1.8m (Possible variety?). The tree is in good condition Tree numbered four is an American Beech, DBH 32cm, and TPZ 2.4m. The tree is in good condition. Tree numbered five is a Norway Maple, DBH 16cm, and TPZ 1.8m (Possible variety?). The tree is in good condition.

Tree numbered six (25cm) and seven (21cm) are Catalpa trees with TPZs of 1.8m each. The trees should be pruned for structural integrity.

Tree numbered eight is a Kentucky Coffee tree. The tree branches into two codominant stems below DBH. Diameters are 33cm and 42cm, TPZ is 3.0m. The tree is a good specimen for the species.

Trees numbered nine (39cm), and ten (27cm, 25cm) are Silver Maples. TPZs are 2.4m and 1.8m respectively. The trees are in good condition. The trees are located on the south side of the spillway. T h

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Andrew Wood-Gaines B.Sc. Forestry Certified Arborist ON – 0226

The following five trees are Manitoba Maples located in the south east corner of the spillway. Trees numbered: Eleven (38cm, TPZ 2.4m, good condition) Twelve (42cm, TPZ 3.0m, fair condition) Thirteen (28cm, TPZ 1.8m, good condition) Fourteen (25cm, TPZ 1.8, fair condition) and Fifteen (12cm, 12cm, TPZ 1.8m, poor condition). Tree numbered sixteen is a Silver Maple, (27cm, TPZ 1.8m). Tree is in good condition.

16 15 14

13 12

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Andrew Wood-Gaines B.Sc. Forestry Certified Arborist ON – 0226

Tree numbered seventeen and eighteen are Elm trees (49cm and 39cm). Both trees are dead since the summer and are hazardous. The trees will be removed. Tree numbered nineteen is a multi-stemmed Silver Maple (74cm and 60cm). Three other stems have been removed from the trees. The diameters of these stems are 23cm, 45cm, and 47cm. The reason for their removal is not known. The remaining two stems have been reduced. This is the process of reducing the height of the tree within safe arboricultural

practices.

Tree numbered twenty is a Cherry tree, (46cm, TPZ 3.0m). The tree is in fair condition. The main stem is made up of two stems that have fused together. This can be a poor structure and has the propensity to split apart.

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Andrew Wood-Gaines B.Sc. Forestry Certified Arborist ON – 0226

Tree numbered twenty-one is a Norway Maple (30cm, TPZ 2.4m). The tree is in good condition. Trees numbered twenty two and twenty three are Green Ash trees, (17cm and 26cm). They show evidence of EAB throughout the bole wood. The trees should be removed.

Tree numbered twenty four is Sugar Maple (17cm, TPZ 1.8m). The tree is in good condition. Unfortunately, it has been planted or allowed to germinate too close to the corner of the fence. This is not a viable long term situation. (Photo page four). Pool Construction The pool will be 10m by 4m and located 3.5m from the eastern property line and 0.6 m from the easement. The easement is a parcel of property that is approximately 6.5m wide adjacent to the south side of the property and provides water drainage past the property. There will be a cabana built east of the existing deck. The area around the pool and in front of the cabana and existing deck will be interlock stone. Please see site plan for details. It is recommended that the stone should be permeable to allow rain water to soak into the ground. The construction will require the removal of tree numbered nineteen. Trees numbered seventeen and eighteen are dead and should be removed regardless. The area over the TPZ of tree numbered sixteen will be raised with gravel. The pavers will be placed on top of the gravel. There will be no excavation within the TPZ of tree numbered 16. The gravel will allow air and water into the root zone. This may or may not injure the tree. A replacement tree is recommended in any event.

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Andrew Wood-Gaines B.Sc. Forestry Certified Arborist ON – 0226

Hoarding Access to the site with equipment will be from the driveway. Hoarding will be placed to keep equipment and materials away from the TPZ of the trees. Hoarding will be required around trees numbered three to eight. There is an iron fence along most of the easement. This will be sufficient to provide a protection hoarding for the trees in the spillway. Additional hoarding will be required along the easement where the iron fence ends to the hoarding around tree numbered eight. Hoarding should also be constructed behind the proposed cabana. This will protect the remainder of the trees on the property. Please see site plan for details. Tree Replacement Strategy The city of Vaughan tree replacement strategy is as follows Size of Tree to be cut or removed. Number of trees to be planted 20cm to 30cm 1 30.1cm to 60cm` 2 60.1cm or greater 3 The cash in lieu replacement is $550.00 for deciduous trees and $500.00 for coniferous trees. In this case, four trees will be required. (Three trees required for the removal of the tree numbered nineteen and one tree for the injury/removal of tree numbered 16). Two trees could be planted to the west of the pool. These species could be a 50mm Tulip Tree and a 50mm Ironwood. This will provide some privacy for the pool. Two other trees could be planted on the north side of the driveway as the trees there will need to be removed due to their condition. There is also a potential area in the back along the north property line as there are a couple of Ash trees that will have to be removed due to EAB. A 50mm Ironwood could be planted north of the driveway and a 50mm Freeman Maple could be planted along the north property line in the back yard. Please see site plan for potential sites.

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Andrew Wood-Gaines B.Sc. Forestry Certified Arborist ON – 0226

Conclusion Based on the above observations, this is not an unreasonable request. The removal of the large tree will be replaced with four good specimens that will contribute to the urban forest growing into the future.