photoshop cc level 1 evaluation

I N S T R U C T O R - L E D C O U R S E W A R E

Photoshop CC – Level 1

PCM Courseware, LLC. 6960 N. Ardara Ave, Glendale, WI 53209

Phone: 800-545-2729 http://www.pcmcourseware.com

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I N T R O D U C T I O N

Introduction 2

I N S T R U C T O R - L E D C O U R S E W A R E

Photoshop CC – Level 1

PCM Courseware, LLC. 6960 N. Ardara Ave, Glendale, WI 53209

Phone: 800-545-2729 http://www.pcmcourseware.com

COPYRIGHT NOTICE AND LICENSE AGREEMENT

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This product may be used by instructors only at a single site unless licenses were purchased for more than one site. However, instructors at a site may teach using the courseware at several locations; that is to say, instructors based out of a licensed physical location may travel and teach using the courseware at others locations. The number of sites eligible for use of the course materials will equal the number of site licenses purchased. You may copy and distribute the manual files, lesson files and lab files only within the confines of the specific site(s) of the license agreement. You may not under any circumstances, distribute, rent, sell or lease the manual, its documentation, the training files, or any copies thereof, to third parties. If the purchaser has more than one physical training location and wishes to use the courseware at these locations (branches in different cities, for example), then a licensed must be purchased for each additional location that contains instructors.

Courseware may be customized and modified as the purchaser sees fit as long as the copyright information is clearly displayed within all documents. The purchaser may add their own name and logo to the printed manuals as long as the copyright information is present on all printed versions of the courseware.

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©2013 PCM Courseware, LLC 3

This courseware license may not be transferred, assigned, given, rented, leased or resold to any third party in any form.

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Introduction 4

Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS .......................................................................................................................4

PHOTOSHOP CC LEVEL 1 – INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................7

COURSE REQUIREMENTS ...............................................................................................................7 COMPONENTS OF THE MANUAL ....................................................................................................8 TRAINING FILES ............................................................................................................................9 WHAT’S NEW IN PHOTOSHOP CC? .............................................................................................. 10

LESSON 1 - PHOTOSHOP ENVIRONMENT.................................................................................... 12

1.1 LEARNING THE INTERFACE ................................................................................................ 13 1.2 OPENING AN EXISTING FILE .............................................................................................. 16 1.3 USING THE STATUS BAR .................................................................................................... 18 1.4 USING THE TOOLS PANEL .................................................................................................. 22 1.5 USING PHOTOSHOP PANELS ............................................................................................... 25 1.6 CHANGING SCREEN MODES ............................................................................................... 32 1.7 USING THE ZOOM TOOL AND THE NAVIGATOR PANEL ..................................................... 34 1.8 USING THE UNDO & STEP BACKWARD COMMANDS .......................................................... 40 1.9 CHANGING THE COLOR SCHEME ....................................................................................... 42 1.10 CREATING A NEW IMAGE ................................................................................................ 44 1.11 SAVING YOUR WORK ...................................................................................................... 49 LESSON SUMMARY – PHOTOSHOP ENVIRONMENT ...................................................................... 52 LESSON 1 QUIZ ............................................................................................................................ 54 LAB 1 – ON YOUR OWN ......................................................................................................... 56

LESSON 2 - WORKING WITH COLORS AND PAINTING ............................................................... 57

2.1 SETTING THE FOREGROUND AND BACKGROUND COLOR ................................................... 58 2.2 USING THE COLOR PICKER ................................................................................................ 65 2.3 USING THE COLOR PANEL ................................................................................................. 69 2.4 USING THE SWATCHES PANEL ........................................................................................... 74 2.5 COLORING WITH THE BRUSH TOOL ................................................................................... 80 2.6 COLORING WITH THE PAINT BUCKET TOOL ....................................................................... 89 2.7 USING THE EYEDROPPER TOOL ......................................................................................... 94 2.8 WORKING WITH GRADIENTS ............................................................................................. 96 LESSON SUMMARY – COLORS & PAINTING ............................................................................... 102 LESSON 2 QUIZ .......................................................................................................................... 103 LAB 2 – ON YOUR OWN ....................................................................................................... 105

LESSON 3 - EDITING TOOLS ..................................................................................................... 107

3.1 USING COPY AND PASTE ................................................................................................. 108 3.2 USING THE HISTORY PANEL ............................................................................................ 112 3.3 USING THE HISTORY BRUSH TOOL .................................................................................. 119 3.4 USING THE MAGIC ERASER TOOL .................................................................................... 123 3.5 USING THE BACKGROUND ERASER TOOL ........................................................................ 126 3.6 USING THE PENCIL TOOL ................................................................................................. 129 3.7 USING THE CLONE STAMP TOOL ..................................................................................... 133

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3.8 USING THE PATTERN STAMP TOOL .................................................................................. 136 3.9 USING THE DODGE AND BURN TOOLS ............................................................................. 139 3.10 USING THE SPONGE TOOL.............................................................................................. 141 3.11 USING THE HEALING BRUSH TOOL ................................................................................ 144 3.12 USING THE SPOT HEALING BRUSH TOOL ....................................................................... 149 3.13 USING THE PATCH TOOL ............................................................................................... 153 3.14 USING CONTENT-AWARE FILL ...................................................................................... 156 3.15 USING THE COLOR REPLACEMENT TOOL ....................................................................... 160 3.16 USING THE RED EYE TOOL ............................................................................................ 164 LESSON SUMMARY – DRAWING & EDITING TOOLS ................................................................... 167 LESSON 3 QUIZ .......................................................................................................................... 169 LAB 3 – ON YOUR OWN ....................................................................................................... 171

LESSON 4 - WORKING WITH SELECTIONS ............................................................................... 172

4.1 USING THE MARQUEE TOOLS .......................................................................................... 173 4.2 USING THE LASSO TOOLS ................................................................................................ 180 4.3 USING THE PASTE INTO COMMAND ................................................................................. 185 4.4 USING THE MAGIC WAND TOOL ...................................................................................... 188 4.5 USING THE QUICK SELECTION TOOL ............................................................................... 191 4.6 USING THE CROP TOOL ................................................................................................... 193 4.7 FEATHERING SELECTIONS ............................................................................................... 197 4.8 MODIFYING SELECTIONS ................................................................................................. 201 4.9 TRANSFORMING SELECTIONS .......................................................................................... 207 4.10 SAVING AND OPENING SELECTIONS .............................................................................. 210 LESSON SUMMARY – SELECTIONS ............................................................................................. 213 LESSON 4 QUIZ .......................................................................................................................... 214 LAB 4 – ON YOUR OWN ....................................................................................................... 216

LESSON 5 - WORKING WITH LAYERS ....................................................................................... 217

5.1 UNDERSTANDING LAYERS ............................................................................................... 218 5.2 CREATING AND DELETING LAYERS ................................................................................. 222 5.3 SELECTING LAYERS ......................................................................................................... 228 5.4 SELECTING MULTIPLE LAYERS ........................................................................................ 230 5.5 LINKING AND HIDING LAYERS ........................................................................................ 234 5.6 MERGING LAYERS ........................................................................................................... 237 5.7 SETTING LAYER OPACITY ............................................................................................... 240 5.8 USING LAYER COMPS ...................................................................................................... 242 5.9 LOCKING LAYERS ............................................................................................................ 246 5.10 SETTING LAYER BLENDING MODES .............................................................................. 250 5.11 COLOR CODING AND RENAMING LAYERS ..................................................................... 252 5.12 ADDING ADJUSTMENT LAYERS ..................................................................................... 254 5.13 ADDING FILL LAYERS ................................................................................................... 260 5.14 CREATING SMART OBJECTS ........................................................................................... 263 5.15 AUTO-ALIGNING LAYER CONTENTS.............................................................................. 267 5.16 AUTO-BLENDING LAYER CONTENTS ............................................................................. 271 LESSON SUMMARY – LAYERS ................................................................................................... 275 LESSON 5 QUIZ .......................................................................................................................... 277 LAB 5 – ON YOUR OWN ....................................................................................................... 279

LESSON 6 - ADJUSTING IMAGES ............................................................................................... 281

6.1 RESIZING IMAGES ............................................................................................................ 282 6.2 SCALING AND ROTATING IMAGES ................................................................................... 287 6.3 SKEWING IMAGES ............................................................................................................ 291

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Introduction 6

6.4 ADJUSTING DISTORT AND PERSPECTIVE .......................................................................... 295 6.5 WARPING IMAGES ........................................................................................................... 298 6.6 ADJUSTING BRIGHTNESS AND CONTRAST ....................................................................... 301 6.7 SETTING HUE AND SATURATION ..................................................................................... 303 6.8 ADJUSTING SHADOWS AND HIGHLIGHTS ......................................................................... 306 6.9 SETTING THE COLOR BALANCE ....................................................................................... 309 6.10 USING LEVELS ............................................................................................................... 311 6.11 USING CURVES .............................................................................................................. 315 6.12 REPLACING COLOR ........................................................................................................ 322 6.13 MATCHING COLOR ........................................................................................................ 325 6.14 CONVERTING AN IMAGE TO BLACK & WHITE ............................................................... 328 6.15 DUPLICATING IMAGES ................................................................................................... 332 LESSON SUMMARY – ADJUSTING IMAGES ................................................................................. 334 LESSON 6 QUIZ .......................................................................................................................... 336 LAB 6 – ON YOUR OWN ....................................................................................................... 338

LESSON 7 - USING ADOBE BRIDGE ........................................................................................... 339

7.1 THE ADOBE BRIDGE WORKSPACE ................................................................................... 340 7.2 ADDING FOLDERS TO FAVORITES .................................................................................... 345 7.3 ADDING METADATA TO IMAGES ..................................................................................... 348 7.4 ADDING KEYWORDS TO IMAGES ..................................................................................... 354 7.5 CHANGING THE SORT ORDER OF FOLDERS ...................................................................... 358 7.6 RATING AND LABELING FILES ......................................................................................... 361 7.7 FILTERING FILES IN A FOLDER ......................................................................................... 364 7.8 GROUPING FILES INTO COLLECTIONS .............................................................................. 368 7.9 GROUPING FILES INTO STACKS ........................................................................................ 374 7.10 USING MINI BRIDGE ...................................................................................................... 376 LESSON SUMMARY – USING ADOBE BRIDGE ............................................................................ 383 LESSON 7 QUIZ .......................................................................................................................... 384 LAB 7 – ON YOUR OWN ....................................................................................................... 386

CLASS PROJECT ............................................................................................................................ 388

INDEX ............................................................................................................................................ 389

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Photoshop CC Level 1 –

Introduction

Welcome to PCM Courseware! PCM Courseware is a distinctive, flexible system for an instructor-led environment that facilitates learning via auditory, visual and hands-on experiences by each student. The manual is broken down into several lessons with each lesson subdivided into several sections. Each section covers a particular skill or concept related to the main lesson topic. In each section you will find:

1. A brief introduction to the section topic. 2. Step-by-step “how to” instructions. 3. A hands-on “Let’s Try It” exercise which students perform with the instructor. 4. An independent “On Your Own” activity at the end of each lesson to identify

any problem areas and to ensure that learning has taken place. 5. A chapter summary at the end of the lesson, reviewing major concepts and

topics discussed in the chapter. 6. Chapter quiz to ensure that learning has taken place.

Rather than having to sift through blocks of paragraphs of written text, the introductions are brief and easy to understand, illustrated with diagrams, lists, tables and screen shots to aid in comprehension and retention. The step-by-step format of the manual enables for quick scanning by the instructor during teaching time and the ability to pull out the main points quickly without having to filter the desired information from chucks of text.

Course Requirements

It is assumed that the student has a fundamental understanding of the Macintosh operating system and how to maneuver with a mouse. Basic concepts such as opening, saving and closing files are included in the beginning chapters.

A full installation of Photoshop CC should be available on each desktop, with a fresh installation strongly encouraged.

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Introduction 8

Components of the Manual

The Photoshop CC manual consists of the following components:

A Table of Contents To allow the students to quickly find desired concepts

Introduction Discussion of manual components, course requirements, courseware philosophy and training lab set.

Lessons The lessons are the manual chapters, each of which is composed of several sections relating to the lesson topic or skill.

Sections Each section begins with a brief introduction to the section topic and is followed by step-by-step instructions on how the student is to accomplish a particular task. The students then perform the task with the instructor in a “Let’s Do It!” exercise. Each step in the Let’s Do It exercise provides the How (step-by-step) and Why (the reason for performing the step) of each phase necessary to accomplish the task.

Lesson Summary The sections concepts are summarized in sequential order in the Lesson Summary section, allowing for quick review.

Labs Each section concludes with an independent “On Your Own” exercise called a Lab. The Lab gives the opportunity for the student to practice what he/she has learned and to discover any problem areas with the topic in the section. Each lab covers the skills taught in that particular lesson (chapter).

Chapter Summary Each section concludes with a “Chapter Summary” which briefly reviews all of the topics discussed in the section.

Chapter Quiz Each section concludes with an independent “Chapter Quiz” to test the level of learning that has taken place. The quiz is in multiple choice and short answer format and can be done in class together or as an end of chapter test.

Class Project The course concludes with an independent “Class Project” to test the level of learning that has taken place. In this project, the student utilizes skills learned throughout the class.

Index Allows students to quickly find desired concepts.

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Training Files

Each PCM Courseware course comes with a set of Lesson Files and Lab Files designed to employ real-world situations and examples. The Lesson Files are designed to be used in the Let’s Do It exercises that the students perform with the instructor. The Lab Files are to be used for the On Your Own exercises at the end of each Lesson. Both the lesson files and lab files should be stored on the student’s Desktop in the folder: Lesson Files.

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Introduction 10

What’s New in Photoshop CC?

What’s New Description of Feature 3-D Imaging The 3-D features only available previously in Photoshop

Extended, now come standard in Photoshop CC.

Adobe Camera Raw Filter

Adobe Camera Raw is now available as a filter as well (Filter > Camera Raw from the menu).

Anchor Point Selection

When clicking a selected anchor point, that anchor point is now selected and any other anchor point is deselected.

Behance You can now upload your images to Behance directly from Photoshop.

Camera Shake Reduce effects of camera blurring by using the Shake Reduction filter in the Filter > Sharpen menu.

Content-Aware Enhancements

Stability and performance of content-aware features has been improved.

Creative Cloud Sync You can sync your preferences and settings across computers using Creative Cloud Sync.

Image Assets You can now create images assets from (jpg, png or gif images) from the contents of a layer or layer group.

Image Resizing When using the Image Size command, you can now preserve details when enlarging images. You can also now resize the Preview window.

Isolate Layers You can now isolate layers, concentrating on only one layer in a complicated layer structure.

JPEG & TIFF Handling

There are new preferences relating to how Photoshop handles JPEG and TIFF files. This is especially useful if you use Camera Raw as part of your workflow.

Liquify Filter Smart Object support now extends to the Liquify filter.

Minimum & Maximum Filter

The Minimum and Maximum Filter have been enhanced allowing you to choose squareness or roundness as you enter the radius values. Can also now enter radius as decimals.

Radial Filter Camera Raw’s new Radial Filter tool allow you to apply localized corrections to areas defined by an elliptical marquee

Range & Fuzziness Controls

New controls for managing range and fuzziness for Shadows, Midtones and Highlights.

Shapes Properties Improvements in the Shapes Properties panel allow you to resize and edit shapes in a variety of different ways.

Smart Sharpen Filter Enhanced Smart Sharpen Filter minimized noise and halo effects. Also redesigned UI.

Spot Removal Tool Camera Raw’s Spot Removal tool now works similarly to Photoshop’s Healing Brush tool.

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What’s New Description of Feature Upright Feature Camera Raw’s Upright Feature (under the Manual tab in the

Lens Correction area) allows you to automatically straighten image content, correcting the perspective elements in the image.

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L E S S O N 1 – P H O T O S H O P E N V I R O N M E N T

Photoshop CC Level 1 12

Lesson 1 - Photoshop Environment

Lesson Topics:

1.1 Learning the Interface

1.2 Opening an Existing File

1.3 Using the Status Bar

1.4 Using the Tools panel

1.5 Using Panels

1.6 Changing Screen Modes

1.7 Using the Zoom Tool and Navigator Panel

1.8 Using the Undo & Step Backward Commands

1.9 Changing the Color Scheme

1.10 Creating a New Image

1.11 Saving Your Work

Lesson

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1.1 Learning the Interface

In this lesson, we will look at the Photoshop Interface.

elcome to exciting world Adobe Photoshop! Photoshop is a powerful graphics design and image-editing program with which you can create sophisticated and impressive graphics for the Web or for print. With Photoshop, you can create, combine, modify, and enhance digital images for

print or for the Web. Photoshop contains powerful capabilities that few software programs can match.

Photoshop CC is different from other versions of Photoshop in that it is no longer sold as a stand along package but is now part of the Adobe Creative Cloud subscription service. That is to say, Photoshop CC is now only available via subscription through Adobe. As of this writing, you can subscribe to Photoshop alone, subscribe to the photographer package (which includes Photoshop and Lightroom) or subscribe to the entire Create Cloud suite. What’s nice about this new business model is that you no longer have to wait a year or longer for Photoshop updates – Photoshop CC is updated on a regular basis, meaning that you will now always have the latest version.

Once you enter in your Adobe ID (You will need one in order to subscribe to Photoshop CC), the software will download to your computer. Once downloaded, you then launch Photoshop as you would any other application – on the Mac, open the Applications

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folder and then double-click the Adobe Photoshop CC icon. The method for opening Photoshop if you are using Windows will vary, depending on which version of Windows you are using. If you purchased Photoshop as part of the Adobe Creative Suite package, the application file may be located under the Adobe CC folder. When Photoshop opens, you will see the Tools panel, the Options bar, the Menu Bar and the following default panel arrangement: Adjustments, Color, Layer and History.

The Tools panel (formerly called the Toolbox) is the long vertical bar located on the left side of your screen. The Tools panel contains tools that you can use to create and edit images. There are tools for selecting images, painting images and adding type to images, just to name a few.

The long bar on top of the screen is called the Options bar. The Options bar displays specific options for the tool that is selected. For instance, if you click the Paint Brush Tool, the Options bar will only display options for the Paint Brush tool, such as brush type and opacity.

On the right side of the screen are the Photoshop panels (previously referred to as palettes). Panels are small moveable windows that are used to modify and monitor images. Panels contain easy access to many Photoshop commands. You can add and remove panels from the working screen as you wish. To add a Panel, choose Window from the menu and select the panel you wish to display. Panels will be covered in more detail in a later lesson.

The Dock is a dark gray container located on the edge of your screen that can hold one or more Panels.

To Open Photoshop:

1. If using a Mac, select Go > Applications from the Menu Bar and then double-click the Adobe Photoshop CC file.

2. If using Windows, click the Adobe Photoshop CC file on the Start Screen or on the Start menu.

Let’s Try It!

What Why

1. Open the Adobe Photoshop CC application.

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What Why

2. Observe the screen. The Tools panel should automatically display on the left side of the screen. If you have just installed Photoshop, three default Panels should display on the right side of the screen: Color, Adjustment and Layers. The History Panel may be floating.

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1.2 Opening an Existing File

In this lesson, we will learn how to open an existing file.

pening an existing Photoshop file works the same way as opening files in other applications – select File > Open from the menu and then navigate to the folder that contains the file you wish to open.

When you open an image in Photoshop, it is displayed inside a window frame. Like other windows, you can move the window by clicking on the Title Bar and then dragging the image to a new location on your screen. To resize the image window, move your mouse pointer over the edge of the window frame until the pointer transforms into a double black arrow. Then click and drag inwards or outwards until the image window is the desired size.

Drag Title bar to move

the image to a

different location on

your screen

Drag inwards or

outwards to change the

window size

To Open an Existing File

1. Select File > Open from the menu. 2. Navigate to the folder that contains the image file you wish to open. 3. Select the file to open. 4. Click the Open button. 5. To resize the image frame, click the resize button on the lower right corner of

the image window and drag inwards or outwards. 6. To move the image to a new location on your screen, click the Title Bar and

drag the image window to the new location.

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Let’s Try It!

What Why

1. Select File > Open from the menu.

Displays the Open dialog box.

2. Click Desktop on the left side of your screen.

Displays the contents of the Desktop folder.

3. Double-click the Lesson Files folder.

Displays the contents of the Lesson Files folder.

4. Click on the file named: Seagull.jpg Selects the Seagull.jpg file.

5. Click the Open button as shown below.

Opens the Ship.jpg file in Photoshop

About Images in Photoshop

There are two main types of computer graphics – bitmap and vector. Bitmap images (also called raster images) use a small grid of colors known as pixels. The sharpness of an image depends on the number of pixels in it. A pixel is the smallest measurement of resolution. The more pixels in an image, the sharper the display. The size of the image on your screen is determined by the number of pixels along the height and width of the image as well as the monitor setting.

The resolution of an image depends on the number of pixels that print per inch. Thus, the higher the resolution, the more (and smaller) pixels there are. Bitmap images are resolution dependent. Because they contain a fixed number of pixels, they can lose detail or appear jagged if they are scaled to a different size or are printed at a lower resolution that they were created for.

Vector graphics are not made of pixels but rather consist of lines and curves defined by mathematical objects called vectors. These are considered resolution independent graphics. That is to say, they can be scaled to any size without losing their clarity. EVALU

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1.3 Using the Status Bar

In this lesson, we will work with the Status Bar on the bottom of the image window.

hen an image is opened, Photoshop displays information about the active document on the Status Bar located on the bottom of the image window. On the bottom left corner of the Status Bar, the current zoom image percentage is displayed, which you change by typing over the existing value

in the zoom percentage box. Next to this, the document size is displayed (in kilobytes) in the Status Bar Info Box. The document size is separated by a slash – the first value on the left side of the slash represents the flattened size of the image and the value on the right side of the slash represents the size of the opened file.

Status

Bar

Zoom

Percentage

Select option to

display by default

on the Status bar

Sync settings

with Adobe

Although the document size is displayed by default on the Status Bar, you can change the information that is displayed by clicking the small black triangle to the right of the Status Bar Info Box and then selecting from the following options:

Adobe Drive – indicates whether file management on a central location has been enabled.

Document Sizes – displays the flattened size and the current opened size of the active document.

Document Profile – Displays the color profile information about the active document.

Document Dimensions - Displays the width and the height of the document in pixels or inches.

Measurement Scale – Displays the current measurement scale of the image.

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Scratch Sizes - The scratch sizes are separated by a slash – the value to the left of the slash represents the amount of scratch disk space (the space taken up on your hard drive) required by Photoshop and the value on the right represents the total amount of scratch disk space available.

Efficiency – Displays a percentage value of how efficient Photoshop is, based upon available memory and scratch disk space.

Timing – Displays the amount of time required to perform the last command or modification.

Current Tool – Displays the active tool.

32 Bit Exposure - Displays a slider for adjusting High Dynamic Range images.

Save Progress – Displays whether changes have been saved

To display width, height, channels and resolution information, click directly on the info box on the Status Bar.

Click on info section to

display additional

information

To Use the Status Bar

1. Observe the zoom percentage on the bottom left corner of the Status bar. 2. To change the zoom percentage, double-click in the zoom percentage box

and type in the new value. 3. Click the right-pointing black triangle to the right of the Status bar Info

Box and select the desired option to display. 4. Click directly on the info box on the Status bar to display width, height,

channels and resolution information.

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Let’s Try It!

What Why

1. Double-click in the Zoom Percentage box so that the existing value is selected as shown below and type: 100. Press Return or Enter.

Sets the zoom percentage to 100%.

Select the current

zoom percentage

and type 100

2. Select the current zoom percentage (100%) and type: 75. Press Return or Enter.

Changes the zoom percentage to 75%.

3. Click the right-pointing arrow to the right of the Status Bar Info Box and select Document Dimensions as shown below.

Displays the dimensions of the current document in the Status Bar Info Box.

1. Click the Info

Box arrow

2. Click

“Document

Dimensions”

4. Click the right-pointing arrow to the right of the Status Bar Info Box and select Efficiency.

Displays a percentage value representing how efficient Photoshop is based on RAM and disk space in the Status Bar Info Box.

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What Why

5. Click the right-pointing arrow to the right of the Status Bar Info Box and select Current Tool.

Displays the currently selected tool in the Status Bar Info Box.

6. Double-click in the Zoom Percentage box so that the existing value is selected and type: 30. Press Return or Enter.

Sets the zoom percentage to 30%.

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1.4 Using the Tools Panel

In this lesson, we will learn how to use the various tools on the Tools panel.

hen Photoshop launches, the Tools panel (formerly called the Toolbox panel) appears on the left side of the screen. Each tool on the Tools pane is represented by an icon that you click to activate that specific tool. The Tools panel contains everything that you will need to work with images in

Photoshop. This includes tools that allow you to type, select, paint, draw, edit, view and annotate images. Other tools on the Tools panel allow you to change the foreground and background colors, and work in different modes (standard mode, maximized screen mode, full screen mode or full screen mode with menu bar). Note that once you select a tool, it remains active until you select another tool.

Right-click to

display hidden

tool menu

Click double-

arrow to toggle

toolbox display

The Tools panel

By default, Photoshop display a single-column Tools panel in which all of the tool icons are displayed in one single column on your screen. If you prefer a two-column Tools panel, click the double-arrow icon on top of the Tools panel to toggle between the single and double column display.

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Some of the Tools on the Tools panel are hidden. A small black triangle on the lower right-hand corner of a tool indicates that there are hidden tools. To display hidden tools, click on the tool icon and hold down the mouse button until a pull-out menu appears listing the hidden tools. You can also right-click on the tool to display the hidden menu.

Rather than displaying a comprehensive list of all of the tools available in Photoshop at this time (and expect you to memorize each one!), each tool will be introduced at the time we work with it. If you wish to find out what a specific tool is, move your mouse pointer over any tool icon on the Tools panel and wait a moment until a small yellow box appears, indicating the name of that particular tool.

Tip: Each tool in a tool group contains keyboard shortcut that you can use to actrivate the tools in the group. For example, the J key activates the tools in the Healing Brush tools group and L activates the tools in the Lasso group. Hold down the Shift key and then press the keyboard shortcut to browse through all of the hidden tools in that group.

To Use the Tools Panel

1. Move your mouse pointer over any tool icon on the Tools panel to display a small informational tag indicating the name of that particular tool.

2. To activate a tool, click on the tool’s icon on the Tools panel. 3. To display a tool’s hidden menu (hidden icons are represented by a black

arrow in the lower right-hand corner of the icon), click-and-hold on the tool’s icon whose hidden tools you wish to display

Or Right-click on the tool’s icon whose hidden tools you wish to display. 4. To toggle between single-column and dual-column display, click the double-

arrow icon on top of the Tools panel.

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Let’s Try It!

What Why

1. Move your mouse pointer over the second tool in Tools panel as shown (Rectangular Marquee Tool) and wait a moment until the informational box appears as shown.

Displays a yellow tag informing us of the name of the tool.

Hover your mouse

pointer to display the

informational box

2. Right-click (or Control-click if using a Macintosh mouse) on the third tool from the top of the Tools panel as shown.

Displays the hidden menu for the Lasso Tool.

Right-click to

display hidden

tools

3. Press Esc. Hides the hidden tools menu.

4. Click the double arrow icon on top of the Tools panel as shown.

Toggles the Tools panel display to the dual-column display.

5. Click the double arrow icon on top of the Tools panel again.

Toggles the Tools panel display to the single-column display.

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1.5 Using Photoshop Panels

In this lesson, we will learn how to use Panels.

anels (formerly called Palettes) are free-floating windows that contain many helpful tools when working with images. Panels offer instant access to commands that help you work in Photoshop. To display a panel, choose Window from the menu and then select the name of the Panel you wish to

display. For instance, to display the History Panel, select Window > History from the menu.

Palette

Group

Palette Options

menu Palette

Tab

Click on any Palette

edge and drag to

resize palette

Panel Group

Panel Options

Menu Panel tab

Click on any Panel

edge and drag to

resize panel The Layers Panel

To save screen space, Panels are often grouped together. Grouped panels contain more than one tab at the top of the panel. For instance, in the Layers panel group, we also have the Channels Panel and the Paths Panel. To bring a panel to the front of the group, click on its tab. You can move a panel out of the group and into its own window by clicking on the panel tab and dragging the panel out of the group. Drag it back into the panel group to return it to its original location. Or if you prefer, create your own customized panels by combining individual panels into a single panel window.

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Each active panel has its own set of options. To display the available options for an active panel, click the right-pointing arrow on the top-right corner of the active panel window to display the panel fly-out options menu.

Click icon to

display palette

options

Click icon to

display panel

options

By default, panels are displayed in the Panel Dock, a container for your panels usually located on the right side of your screen. To add a panel to the Dock, drag the panel to the desired location in the Dock. Only release your mouse button when a horizontal blue bar appears at the border of the docked panel.

Click double-

arrows to collapse

Dock

Panel Dock

To add a panel to an existing docked group, drag the panel to that group. If you want to save screen space, you can collapse all your docked panels into icons with the panel name by clicking on the double arrows located on the top right edge of the panel Dock.

When you open a new panel or panel, it is added to the Panel group bar, located to the left of the Dock. To add a panel to the Panel group bar, drag it to the vertical thin bar to

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the left of the Dock. To expand a panel group, click the left-pointing double arrow on top of the Panel group. Likewise, click on the right-pointing double-arrow to collapse the Panel group. If you prefer to display your panels in the Dock, click the tab of the panel you wish to move and drag it to the desired location in the dock.

Panel

Group bar

Click to expand

Panel group

To collapse the Dock even further to display only the icons, click on the left border and drag to the left until only the icons are displayed. Click the double arrows again to redisplay the panel contents. Note that when panels are collapsed, you only have access to a single panel at a time without expanding the entire dock.

If you wish to temporarily hide the panel dock from view, press the Tab key (this will also hide the Tools panel and the Options bar). To redisplay the open panel windows, press Tab again. You can also temporarily redisplay the panel window by moving your mouse pointer to the gray bar on the far right side of your screen. The Dock will temporarily redisplay, allowing you to make a panel selection.

If you wish to close an individual panel, click the x on the panel tab to close the panel. To close an entire panel group, click the Panel Options icon on the far right side of the group window and choose Close Tab Group.

You can also increase the size of the text that appears in panels. This is especially helpful is your vision is not has sharp as you would like. Click the UI Font Size drop-down list in Interface preferences and chose Small, Medium or Large from the list. Note that the changes will not take effect until the next time you load Photoshop. EVALU

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Select Small, Medium

or Large from the UI

Font Size box

Once you have configured your Panel Dock the way you want it, you may want to save your configuration as a Workspace so you can quickly return to the layout in the future. Select Window > Workspace > New Workspace from the menu and then provide a name for your Workspace. You can then open your saved Workspace from the Window > Workspace menu. If you want to return to the original default panel configuration, choose Window > Workspace > Reset Essentials from the menu (Essentials is the default workspace). If you wish to display another pre-set workspace such as Motion, Painting, Typography or Photography, choose Window > Workspace from the menu and choose the workspace you wish to use.

To Use Panels

1. Select Window from the menu and then choose the desired panel name from the menu.

Or Click the desired panel tab on the Dock. 2. Click the panel tab to bring a specific panel to the front. 3. To hide the panel Dock, the Tools panel, and the Options bar, press the Tab

key. Move your mouse pointer over the gray bar on the right side of your screen to temporarily redisplay the panel Dock.

4. To collapse the Dock, click on the double arrows located on the top-right edge of the panel Dock. Click it again to redisplay the panel contents.

5. To display panel options, click the right-pointing arrow icon on the top right corner of the panel window.

6. To resize a panel window, click on any border of the panel and drag inwards or outwards until the panel is the desired size.

7. To ungroup a panel, click the panels tab and drag it out of the panel group. 8. To add a panel to a group, click on the panel’s tab and drag it into the panel

group window. 9. To add a new panel group to the Dock, drag the panel to the desired location

in the Dock and release your mouse button when a horizontal blue bar appears at the border of the docked panel.

10. To change the font size of panel text, select Photoshop > Preferences > Interface (or Edit > Preferences > Interface in Windows) from the menu,

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click the UI Font Size drop-down arrow and select Small, Medium or Large from the list.

11. To save your panel configuration to a Workspace, select Window > Workspace > New Workspace from the menu and then provide a name for your Workspace.

12. To reset the panel configuration to how it was originally, select Window > Workspace > Reset Essentials.

Let’s Try It!

What Why

1. Select Window from the menu. Select the word Actions if there is no check mark next to it.

Displays the History and Actions Panel group.

2. Click the History tab as shown Brings the History Panel to the front of the group.

3. Click the Actions tab. Switches back to the Actions Panel.

4. Click the Actions tab and drag it out of the window as shown below.

Removes the Actions Panel from the History group and into its own window.

Click the Actions

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What Why

5. Click the Actions tab and drag it back into the History Panel group. When the blue border appears, release your mouse button.

Adds the Actions back into the History Panel group.

6. Click the top bar of the History panel group and drag it to the top of the panel Dock until only a thin blue horizontal line is displayed. Release the mouse button.

Adds the History Panel Group to the panel Dock.

7. Click the left-pointing double arrow icon on top of the Dock window.

Redisplays the contents of the Dock.

8. Click the Panel Info button on top of the History Panel group window in the Dock as shown below and choose Close Tab Group from the menu.

Closes the History Panel group and removes it from the Dock.

Click the Palette

Info button Click the Panel

Options button

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1.6 Changing Screen Modes

In this lesson, we will learn how to switch to different screen modes.

creen modes allow you to change the way that you view images in Photoshop. On the bottom of the Tools panel is the screen mode button, which contains four hidden menu items: Standard Mode, Full Screen Mode with Menu Bar, and Full Screen Mode. Standard Mode is the default mode in Photoshop – this is

the mode that is active right now. In Full Screen Mode with Menu Bar, the image window expands to takes up your entire computer screen and centers the image on your screen. In this mode, the menu bar is still visible. In Full Screen mode (with no menu bar), the background turns to black, the image is centered on the screen but the menu bar disappears from view.

Screen Mode

menu

Note however, that in Standard Mode and Full Screen Mode with Menu Bar, any panels that are open, the Tools panel and the Options bar are still displayed. Press the Tab key to hide them from view.

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To Change the Screen Mode

1. Click the Change Screen Mode button (the last button on the Tools panel), hold down the mouse button and select the screen mode you want from the menu.

2. To cycle through the different screen modes, click the screen mode button Or Press the F key on your keyboard.

Let’s Try It!

What Why

1. Right-click on the Change Screen Mode button on the Tools panel as shown below.

Displays the Screen Mode menu.

Screen Mode

menu

2. Click Full Screen Mode with Menu Bar from the menu.

Expands the image window to fill up the entire screen and centers the image. Note that the Dock hides part of the image.

3. Press the Tab key. Hides the Tools panel, the panels and the Options bar.

4. Press the Tab key again. Redisplays the Tools panel, the panels and the Options bar.

5. Press the F key on your keyboard. Switches to the next screen mode in the menu, which is Full Screen Mode. The menu bar is now hidden from view.

6. Press the Esc key on your keyboard.

Pressing Esc key returns you to Standard Screen Mode.

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1.7 Using the Zoom Tool and the

Navigator Panel

In this lesson, we will learn how to use the Zoom tool and the Navigator Panel.

he Zoom Tool is shaped like a magnifying glass and is located on the Tools panel. The Zoom Tool allows you to zoom in on your image which magnifies the image on your screen, or zoom out which reduces the image on your screen. The default setting is zoom in.

Zoom Tool

To zoom in on an image, click the Zoom tool on the Tools panel or press Z on your keyboard and then move your mouse pointer over the area of the image on which you would like to zoom in. Your mouse pointer will have transformed into a small magnifying glass with a plus (+) symbol. Click on the image to zoom in. To zoom out, press and hold down the Alt (Windows) or Option key (Mac OS) and click on the

image. You can also select View > Zoom Out from the menu or press the or Ctrl and - keystroke combination. To zoom into a specific area of an image, activate the Zoom Tool, click and drag around the area where you wish to zoom in and then release the mouse button.

Another way to set the Zoom Tool to zoom in or zoom out is by using the Options bar. Click the magnifying glass with the plus (+) symbol on the Options bar to zoom in or the magnifying glass with the minus (-) symbol to zoom out.

Zoom Out

Zoom In

Other options on the Options bar for the Zoom tool include:

Resize Windows to Fit - As you zoom in or out on an image, the window surrounding the image will resize to match the magnification of the image.

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Zoom All Windows – Applies the zoom command (zoom in or zoom out) to all open windows.

Scrubby Zoom – Allows you to click and drag on your image to zoom. Drag to the left to zoom out, drag to the right to zoom in.

Fit Screen – resizes the image so that the entire image is visible on the screen.

Fill Screen – Enlarges the image to the largest possible dimensions within the window, using all of the available vertical space as well.

To define your zoom area more precisely, use the Navigator Panel. The active image is displayed in the Navigator Panel and dragging the Zoom Slider on the bottom of the Navigator Panel window allows you to zoom in and out in smaller increments than you can with the Zoom Tool. Or, to zoom in and out in larger increments as with the Zoom Tool on the Tools panel, use the Zoom In and Zoom Out buttons on the Navigator Panel (located to the left and right of the Zoom Slider). If you prefer to zoom in or out by a specific percentage, type the amount in the Zoom Box.

The red square in Navigator Panel is called the View Box and represents the zoom area on your image. To change the zoom area, click and drag the view box in the Navigator Panel to a new location. This will change the zoom area of your image to the new location.

View Box

Zoom In

Zoom

Out

Zoom Box

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To Use the Zoom Tool

1. Click the Zoom Tool on the Tools panel. Or Press the Z key on your keyboard. 2. Click on the image to zoom in. 3. To zoom out, hold down the Option or Alt key and click on the image. 4. Click Resize Windows to Fit on the Options bar to change the size of the

image window to match the magnification. 5. Click Zoom All Windows to apply the zoom commands to all open windows. 6. Click Scrubby Zoom to scale your image by clicking and dragging. 7. Click 100% to scale the image to 100%. 8. Click Fit Screen on the Options bar to scale the image window to fit to your

screen. 9. Click Fill Screen on the Options bar to scale the image to the largest possible

dimensions within the windows.

Tip: Many of the commands on the Options bar for the Zoom Tool are also located on the View Menu on the Menu Bar (i.e. View > Fit on Screen).

To Use the Navigator Panel

1. If the Navigator Panel is not visible, select Window > Navigator from the menu.

2. Drag the Zoom Slider to zoom in or out by smaller increments. 3. To zoom in or out by a specific amount, type in the percentage in the Zoom

Box. 4. To change the zoom area, drag the View Box to a new location. 5. To change the color of the View Box, click the Panel menu button, select

Panel Options and then choose the desired new color from the drop-down list.

Let’s Try It!

What Why

1. Click the Zoom tool on the Tools panel.

Activates the Zoom Tool.

2. Move your mouse pointer over the image and click your mouse button.

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What Why

3. Click again with your mouse button.

Magnifies the image.

4. Click the Fit Screen button on the Options bar.

Scales the image window to fit your computer screen.

5. Move your mouse pointer over the image and click your mouse button three times.

Magnifies the image three times.

6. Hold down the Alt (Windows) or Option (Mac OS) key on your keyboard and click three times on the image with your mouse.

Reduces the image magnification to the original size.

7. Select Window > Navigator from the menu.

Displays the Navigator Panel.

8. On the Navigator Panel, drag the Zoom Slider to the right until the magnification percentage is about 80% as shown below.

Changes the magnification of the image to about 80%.

Drag Zoom slider

until image is at

about 80%

9. Click the checkbox next to Scrubby Zoom to uncheck it as shown below.

Turns off the Scrubby Zoom feature. EVALU

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What Why

Uncheck the box

next to Scrubby

Zoom

10. Click your mouse on the image to draw a selection square about the bird’s head shown below. Release the mouse button.

Zooms in and sets the Zoom Area to the selection.

Sets the

zoom area

11. Click the View Box in the Navigator Panel and drag it so that it is over the lime as shown below.

Changes the Zoom Area.

Drag the View

Box so that it is

over the lime

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What Why

12. Select View > Fit on Screen from the menu.

Scales the image window to fit the screen.

13. Click the checkbox next to Scrubby Zoom to check it.

Turns on the Scrubby Zoom feature.

14. Click on the image and drag to the left until the zoom level is about 25%.

Reduces the scale of our image to 25% using scrubby zoom.

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1.8 Using the Undo & Step

Backward Commands

In this lesson, we will learn how to reverse your last action or command.

he Undo command, located under the Edit menu, allows you to reverse the last command or adjustment that you made in Photoshop. If you have worked with the Undo command in other applications, you may have been able to undo several previous steps. In Photoshop, you can only undo one previous action.

To reverse the effects of the Undo command, use the Redo command (Edit > Redo)

If you need to reverse more than one step, you use the Step Backward command, also located on the Edit menu. By default, Photoshop allows you to “step backward” 20 steps. Use the Step Forward command to reverse the effects of the Step Backward command. If you want to allow Photoshop to go back ever further than 20 steps, you can do so from Photoshop Preferences. Choose Photoshop > Preferences > Performance (or Edit > Preferences > Performance if you are using Windows) and then enter in the number of states you wish to be able to “step backward” in the History States box. The maximum number you can enter is 1,000.

To Use the Undo Command

1. Select Edit > Undo from the menu to reverse the last command or adjustment that you made.

Or

Press the and Z keystroke combination if you are using Mac OS or Ctrl and Z if you are using Windows.

2. Select Edit > Redo to reverse the effects of the Undo command.

To Use the Step Backward Command

1. Select Edit > Step Backward from the menu to reverse up to the last 20 commands or adjustment that you made.

Or

Press the Option and and Z keystroke combination if you are using Mac OS or Alt and Ctrl and Z if you are using Windows.

2. Select Edit > Step Forward to reverse the effects of the Step Backward command.

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Let’s Try It!

What Why

1. Click the Text tool on the Tools panel as shown.

Activates the Text Tool. The Text Tool allows you to type text onto your image.

Text Tool

2. Click in the upper left-hand corner on the image and type: Sea Gull on the Beach as shown below.

Enters text onto our image.

Sea Gull at the

Beach

3. Click the Move tool on the Tools panel (the first tool in the Tools panel).

Activates the Move tool.

4. Select Edit > Undo Type Tool from the menu.

Removes the text from our image.

5. Select Edit > Redo Type Tool from the menu.

Reverses the effects of the Undo command.

6. Select Edit > Step Backward from the menu.

Removes the text from our image.

7. Select Edit > Step Forward from the menu.

Reverses the effects of the Step Backward command.

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1.9 Changing the Color Scheme

In this lesson, we will learn how to change Photoshop’s color scheme.

y default, Photoshop CC uses a dark color scheme. Many people believe that having a dark background makes it easier to view the colors in your images. However, some folks do not agree and prefer a lighter background and overall color scheme. If you are one of those who do not like the darker color scheme,

you can easily change it to a lighter color. To do so, right-click on any area of the background and choose the color scheme you want from the pop-up menu. To set a custom color scheme, choose Select Custom Color from the menu and choose the color you want to use from the Color Picker.

You can also cycle through the available color schemes by pressing the Shift and F1 keystroke combination (Shift + F1) to lighten the color scheme or Shift and F2 (Shift + F2) to darken the colors. Additionally, you can change the color scheme from the Interface pane of Photoshop Preferences (Photoshop > Preferences > Interface on Mac OS or Edit > Photoshop > Preferences on Windows).

To Change Photoshop’s Color Scheme:

1. Right-click on a blank area of the background and choose the color you want from the menu

Or Choose Photoshop > Preferences > Interface on Mac OS or Edit >

Photoshop > Preferences on Windows and then click the box for the color scheme you want under the Appearance area. Additionally, choose the appropriate drop-down boxes under Color and Border and make your desired selections.

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Let’s Try It!

What Why

1. Right-click on any blank area of the background and choose Medium Gray from the menu as shown below.

Changes the color scheme to medium gray.

1. Right-click on

any blank area of

the background

2. Choose

Medium Gray

from the menu

2. Select File > Close from the menu. Click Discard if asked to save the type layer. Click Don’t Save.

Closes the active image without saving any changes.

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1.10 Creating a New Image

In this lesson, we will learn how to create a new image.

o create a new image, select File > New from the menu. The New dialog box appears, allowing you to set many options. The first option is to provide an image name for your document by typing in the desired name in the Name box. This does not save the document, only provides a name for the image.

Enter Image

Name

Select Preset

Size

Select

Background

Options

Custom Image

Size

Select Color

Mode

New Image Dialog Box

You can set the size of your image by choosing one of the presets from the drop-down list. Or you can create custom images by entering the desired width, height, and resolutions in the boxes and then choosing the measurement type (inches, pixels, cm, etc.) from the drop-down list for each of the settings.

You can also choose a color mode for your image. The type of color mode you choose depends on the type of image you are creating. For instance, if you are creating an image for the Web, you would usually use the RGB Color mode. For images that are to be printed out, use the CMYK Color mode. You can also create Bitmaps, although the image sizes tend to be quite large.

The Background Contents drop-down list is used to select the background color of your image. Here, you have three options from which to choose:

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White – the new image has a white background.

Background color – the background color of the image will match the active background color in the Background Color Square on the Tools panel.

Transparent – the image has no background color at all.

Once you have created your image, the image name, the zoom percentage, the active layer name and the color mode are displayed in the Title bar of the image. You can resize your image window by moving your mouse pointer over the edge of the window, clicking and then dragging in the desired direction. It’s important to keep in mind that this does not change the size of the image but only that of the image window.

To Create a New Image

1. Select File > New from the menu Or

Press the + N keystroke combination if using Mac OS or Ctrl + N if you are using Windows.

2. Enter the name for the image in the Name box. 3. Choose the desired image size from the Preset combo box 4. Click the Size drop-down box and choose the image size that you want Or Type in the image dimensions in the Width and Height boxes. 5. Type in the resolution for your image (this should be at least 300 pixels per

inch (ppi) for a printed image and 72 for an image for the Web). 6. Select the desired color mode from the drop-down list. 7. Select White, Background Color or Transparent for the background color

from the Background Contents drop-down list. 8. Click OK.

Let’s Try It!

What Why

1. Select File > New from the menu. Displays the New dialog box.

2. Type: My First Image The insertion point is already set in the Name box and the default name is selected. Type the name for your image to replace the selected text with the new text.

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What Why

3. Click the Arrow on the right side of the Preset drop-down box.

Displays all of the available Photoshop presets.

4. Select Web as shown below. Selects the standard Web size of 800 x 600 pixels. As this is a Web preset, the resolution automatically changes to 72.

5. Click the Arrow on the right side of the Preset drop-down box and select Photo.

Selects a standard photo size of 3 x 2. As this is a common print size, the resolution automatically changes to 300 ppi.

6. Click the Arrow on the right side of the Size drop-down box and select Landscape, 8 x 10 as shown below.

Selects 8 x 10 inches as the image size and sets the orientation to Landscape (page is wider than it is taller).

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What Why

7. Click the Color Mode drop-down arrow and select RGB Color.

Selects RGB as the color mode.

8. Click the Background Contents drop-down list and select Background Color as shown below.

Sets the background color to match the active color in the Background Box in the Tools panel.

Background color will

match the color of the

Background box of the

Toolbox

Background

color

Foreground

color

9. Click the Background Contents drop-down list and select Transparent.

Sets the background color of the image to have no color at all. EVALU

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What Why

10. Click OK. Creates a blank image canvas. The gray and white checkered boxes indicate that the background color is set to transparent.

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1.11 Saving Your Work

In this lesson, we will learn how to save a new image.

hen saving an image for the first time, use the File > Save As command from the menu. You will then need to tell Photoshop where to save the image, the file format in which you want your image saved and the name of your image file.

The default Photoshop file format is Photoshop (.PSD). This format will save all of the various layers of your document (make sure that the layers check box is checked). Only Photoshop formats and TIFF formats allow you to save the document layers. To save your document in a different file format, click the Format drop-down arrow and select the desired file type from the list.

Enter file

name Navigate to the folder

where you want to

save your file

Check to save

editable layers

Choose the

desired file format

If you entered an image name when you first saved your document, that name will automatically display in the File Name text box. To save your document with a different name, type over the document name that is displayed.

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To Save an Image

1. Select File > Save As from the menu. 2. Navigate to the folder where you want to store your image. 3. Type the name for your image in the File Name box. 4. Click the Format drop-down list and select the desired file format. 5. To save editable layers, make sure that the Layers check box is checked. 6. Click the Save button.

Let’s Try It!

What Why

1. Select File > Save As from the menu.

Displays the Save As dialog box.

2. Click the Format drop-down list and select JPEG as shown below.

Selects JPEG as the file format. Notice that the Layers check box is not inactive – we can no longer check it as the JPEG format does not support editable layers.

Select JPEG as the

file format

3. Click the Format drop-down list again and select Photoshop, the first item in the list.

Selects Photoshop as the file format.

4. In the left pane, select Desktop as shown below.

Displays the files and folders in the Desktop folder. EVALU

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What Why

5. Double-click the Lesson Files folder as shown below.

Displays the files and folders in the Lesson Files folder.

6. Click Save. Closes the Save As dialog box and saves the file with the name: My First Image.

7. Click OK. Closes the Compatibility message box.

8 Select File > Close from the menu.

Closes the file Photoshop.

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Lesson Summary – Photoshop

Environment

In this lesson, we learned about the aspects that make up the Photoshop interface. We learned how to display panels, how to select a tool on the Tools panel, how to choose additional options from the Options bar and how to use the File Browser.

Using the Status bar, we next learned how to display the document size, document profile, document dimensions, the scratch sizes, efficiency, timing and the current tool. We learned how to change the zoom by typing in a value in the zoom box.

Next, we worked with the Tools panel in more detail. We saw how to display hidden tools and how to display an informational box informing us of what each tool is.

Next, we worked with panels in more detail. We worked with panel groups, the panel menu and learned how to group and ungroup panels. You also learned that each panel has its own fly-out menu that you can display by clicking the Panel Menu button.

Next, we learned how to change screen modes – Standard, Full Screen Mode with Menu Bar and Full Screen Mode.

Next, we learned how to work with the Zoom Tool and the Navigator Panel. We also worked with some additional zoom options: Resize Windows to Fit, Fit on Screen and Scrubby Zoom. Using the Navigator Panel, we learned how to zoom in and out and change the viewing area using the view box.

Next, we learned how to reverse the last command or action by using the Undo command. We learned that we can undo more than one action by using the Step Backward command.

Next, we learned how to change Photoshop’s color scheme from the Preferences pane.

Then, we learned how to create a new image. We learned that we can enter a custom size for our new image or use one of Photoshop’s preset sizes. We learned that you can set the background of your new image to White, to the current background color or to transparent.

Lastly, you learned how to save your work. We learned that the default file format is Photoshop (.PSD) which will save all layers of your document.

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You learned that you can choose a different file format for your document from the Format drop-down list.

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Lesson 1 Quiz

1. Photoshop is: A. A spreadsheet application B. A word processor C. A graphics design and image-editing application D. A publishing application

2. How can you choose what information to display in the Status Bar? A. Select View > Status Bar Information from the menu and then choose which

option to display in the Status Bar window. B. Click the right-pointing black triangle to the right of the Status Bar info and

then choose which option to display in the Status Bar window. C. Right-click on the Status Bar and then choose which option to display in the

Status Bar window. D. Click in the Zoom Percentage box and then choose which option to display in

the Status Bar window.

3. How can you display hidden tools on the Tools panel? A. Right-click on the tool’s icon. B. Select Tools > Unhide from the menu and then click the icon whose hidden

tools you wish to display. C. Click the icon whose hidden tools you wish to display and select View > Tools

from the menu. D. Double-click on the icon.

4. You wish to display the History panel. How can you do this? A. Select View > Panels > History from the menu. B. Select Window and then choose History from the menu. C. Select Tools > Panels and then choose History from the menu. D. Select Tools > Preferences and then click the History check box.

5. Which of the following is NOT a screen mode that you can set? A. Full Screen Mode B. Standard Screen Mode C. Full Screen Mode with Menu Bar D. Standard Screen Mode with Menu Bar

6. The Navigator Panel allows you to reverse the last command or adjustment you made to an image.

A. True B. False

7. What command would you use if you wanted the window surrounding an image to resize so that it matches the magnification of the image?

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A. Zoom Out B. Fit on Screen C. Resize Windows to Fit D. Actual Pixels

8. You can undo up to 16 commands or adjustments that you make in Photoshop using the Undo command.

A. True B. False

9. When creating a new image, which of these is NOT an available background content that you can set?

A. White B. Background color C. Foreground color D. Transparent

10. When creating a new image, you can specify a custom image size by entering the desired width, height and resolution in the appropriate boxes.

A. True B. False

11. Describe the process of saving an image in JPEG format. 12. Under what Preferences pane can you change Photoshop’s color scheme? A. File Handling B. Display C. Interface D. General

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LAB 1 – ON YOUR OWN

1. Open file named Lab1 in the Lesson Files folder on your Desktop.

2. Using the Status Bar, change the Zoom Percentage to 75%. Display the current tool in the Status bar.

3. Display the Color Panel. Switch to the Swatches Panel.

4. Click the Full Screen Mode button on the Tools panel. Switch back to Standard Mode by pressing the Esc key.

5. Click the Zoom tool on the Tools panel and zoom in on the image twice. Click the Fit Screen button on the Options bar.

6. Display the Navigator Panel. Drag the Zoom Slider until the image is displayed at about 80% zoom. Close the image file. Close the Navigator Panel.

7. Create a new image and name it My_Lab. Use the Web preset image size. Make sure that the background color is set to Transparent.

8. Save the image in CompuServe GIF format with the file name: My_First_Lab.gif.

9. Change the color scheme to the default setting (Hint: right-click on a blank area of the screen and choose Default).

10. Close the My_First_Lab.gif file.

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L E S S O N 2 – W O R K I N G W I T H C O L O R S A N D P A I N T I N G


Lesson 2 - Working with Colors

and Painting

Lesson Topics:

2.1 Setting the Foreground and Background Color

2.2 Using the Color Picker

2.3 Using the Color Panel

2.4 Using the Swatches Panel

2.5 Coloring with the Brush Tool

2.6 Coloring with the Paint Bucket Tool

2.7 Using the Eyedropper Tool

2.8 Working with Gradients

Lesson

2

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2.1 Setting the Foreground and

Background Color

In this lesson, you will learn how to modify the Foreground and Background color.

hotoshop uses the foreground color to paint, fill and stroke selections and the background color to fill selections. Certain tools are used for adding the foreground color while others are used for applying the background color. The foreground and background colors are displayed in the Foreground and

Background Color Squares on the Tools panel. The foreground color is on the top and the background color is on the bottom.

Switch Foreground

and Background

colors

Background

color

Foreground

color

Return to

default colors

The default foreground color is black and the default background color is white. When you click on the Foreground or Background Color Square, the Color Picker displays. Click in the Color Picker window to select various shades of the selected color or click in the vertical Color Bar to change color. You can also drag the arrows along the Color Bar upwards or downwards to move through the spectrum of colors.

You can also change colors by using the Swatches panel. The Swatches panel contains preset squares of color that you can click on to change the foreground color. To change

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the background color, hold down the key if using Mac OS or the Ctrl key if using Windows as you click on the desired color square.

Click on preset

color square to

change foreground

color

The Color panel allows you to define the colors more precisely. You can drag the color sliders until the desired color is selected or, if you know the R, G and B values, you can type them in manually.

Drag color sliders

to change color

When you change the background color using the Color Picker or the Color panel, the color will not automatically be changed in your active image. However, the next time you create a new image (File > New) and choose Background Color from the Background Contents box, the active background color will be applied to the new image.

To the right of the Foreground Color Square on the Tools panel is the Switch Colors Icon. Clicking the Switch Colors Icon causes the Foreground and Background colors to switch places. Click the icon again to switch them back to the original setting.

To Set the Foreground Color

1. Click the Foreground Color Square on the Tools panel. 2. Click the desired color shade and color on the Color Picker Or Click the desired preset color square on the Swatches panel Or Drag the color sliders in the desired position on the Color panel. 3. To return to the default foreground and background color, click the Default

Foreground and Background Colors icon on the Tools panel

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Or Press the D key on your keyboard. 4. The switch the foreground and background colors, click the Switch

Foreground and Background Colors icon on the Tools panel Or Click the X key on your keyboard.

Let’s Try It!

What Why



2. Click on Desktop in the left pane. Displays the contents of the Desktop folder.

3. Double-click the Lesson Files folder in the right pane.

Displays the contents of the Lesson Files folder.

4. Select the file named white.psd and then click Open.

Opens the Photoshop document named white.psd.

5. Click the Foreground Color Square on the Tools panel as shown.

Launches the Color Picker.

Foreground color

square

6. Click in the blue area on the color slider as shown below.

Selects blue as the foreground color. EVALUATIO

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What Why

Click in the blue

area on the color

slider

7. Click inside of the Color Picker window and click on the desired shade of blue.

Select a shade of blue.

8. Click OK. Closes the Color Picker window.

9. Click the Brush Tool on the Tools panel as shown.

Activates the Brush Tool.

Brush tool

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What Why

10. Click on the white area of the document and move your mouse to scribble as shown below.

Paints blue lines on the document with the foreground color we selected in the Color Picker.

11. Select Edit > Undo Brush Tool from the menu.

Reverses the previous action of scribbling on the document.

12. Click the Foreground Color Square again on the Tools panel.


13. Click in the red area on the color slider and then click on the desired shade of red in the Color Picker window. Click OK.

Selects red as the foreground color.

14. Click on the white area of the document and move your mouse to scribble.

Paints red lines on the document with the foreground color we selected in the Color Picker. Notice that the Paint Brush tool is still activated. EVALU

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What Why

15. Click the Background Color Square on the Tools panel as shown.

Launches the Color Picker for the background color.

Background color

square

16. Click in the green area on the color slider and then click on the desired shade of green in the Color Picker window. Click OK.

Selects green as the background color.

17. Click on the white area of the document and move your mouse to scribble.

Paints red lines on the document with the foreground color we selected in the Color Picker but the background color remains the same. In order to apply the new background color, we need to create a new document and select the Background Color radio button in the Contents area.

18. Select File > Close from the menu. Click the Don’t Save button.

Closes the Photoshop document without saving your changes.


20. In the Name box type: My Green Background

Names the document.

21. Click the Preset combo box and select Web from the list.

Chooses the Web preset.

22. Click the Size combo box and select 800 x 600 from the list.

Selects a document size of 800 x 600 pixels. EVALU

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What Why

23. Click the Background Contents drop-down arrow and select Background Color from the list.

Sets the background color of the new document to match the active color of the Background Color Square on the Tools panel.

24. Click OK. Creates a new document with a green background.

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2.2 Using the Color Picker

In this lesson, you will work with the Color Picker.

e have learned that to select the foreground and background color of a document, we use the Color Picker. To move through the different colors of the spectrum, click on the Slider Arrows next to the vertical Color Bar and drag upwards or downwards. Then, to select specific shades of the

selected color, click in the Color window and click on the desired shade.

You can enter in custom HSB, RGB, CMYK, or Lab colors if you know their values. For example, if you have a favorite color whose RGB values are: R: 250 G: 70 B: 200, you can enter these values directly into the corresponding color box. If you program in HTML code, you may find the Hex Value Input box of particular value. To use your favorite font color, background color or link color in your Web page, you can select the color in the Color Picker and then copy and paste the Hex Value for the color directly into your HTML code.

Color slider

bars

Color

window

Display only

Web safe colors

New

color

Current

color

Hex value

input box

Color bar

On the bottom of the Color Picker window is the Only Web Colors check box which when checked, will display only Web safe colors. This means that any colors you use

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will be viewable by all Web browsers. Make sure that this box is checked if you are creating images for the Web.

A handy feature on the Color Picker window is the Add to Swatches button, which allows you to save the active foreground color to the Swatches panel. This can be a real timesaver in saving your custom colors to use in the future.

To Use the Color Picker

1. Click the Foreground Color Square or the Background Color Square on the Tools panel to display the Color Picker.

2. Click the desired color in the Color Bar or drag the slider arrows until the desired color is displayed in the New Color box.

3. To enter in colors manually, type in the values in the corresponding HSB, RGB, Lab or CMYK boxes.

4. To select a specific color based on a Hex value, enter the value in the Hex Color Input Box on the bottom of the window.

5. If creating an image for the Web, check the Only Web Colors check box. 6. Click OK when finished.

Let’s Try It!

What Why

1. Click the Foreground Color Square on the Tools panel.


2. Drag the color slider bars downward until blue is displayed in the new color window as shown below.

Sets the foreground color to blue.

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What Why

Drag slider bars

downward until

blue is the “new”

color

“New” color

box

3. Click the Only Web Colors check box so that it is selected.

Displays only Web safe colors in the Color Window.

4. In the R box, type: 255 as shown.

Enters a value of 255 in the Red box.

Enter: 255

5. In the G box, type: 102 Enters a value of 102 in the Green box.

6. In the B box, type: 51 and observe the New Color box.

Enters a value of 51 in the Blue box. The foreground color is now set to orange.

7. Click OK. Closes the Color Picker box.

8. Click and hold on the Gradient tool on the Tools panel until the hidden menu appears. Click on Paint Bucket Tool as shown below.

Activates the Paint Bucket Tool. EVALUATIO

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What Why

9. Click anywhere in the Green area.

Completely fills the canvas with the active foreground color.

10. Press D on your keyboard. Sets the foreground color to black and background color to white (default colors).

11. Click the Move Tool on the Tools panel as shown.

Deactivates the Paint Bucket tool. You can also press the V key on your keyboard to activate the Move tool.

Move tool

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2.3 Using the Color Panel

In this lesson, you will work with the Color panel.

ou can also use the Color panel to set the foreground and background colors by either entering in custom red, green and blue values or by clicking the desired color on the Color Ramp. If you hover your mouse pointer over the Color Bar, the pointer transforms into an eyedropper tool. You can then drag in the

Color Ramp to move among the spectrum of available colors. The active colors are displayed in the Foreground color and Background color boxes on the top left corner of the Color panel. To quickly switch to white or black, click the corresponding box on the far right edge of the Color Ramp.

Foreground

color square

Background

color square

Color

sliders

Color

models

Color Ramp

models Color

Ramp

You are not limited to the Red, Green and Blue color model. You can change the color model by clicking on the Color panel fly-out menu button and then selecting the desired color model. The available color models are:

Grayscale – Shades of gray sliders ranging from white to black.

RGB – Red, Green and Blue sliders.

HSB – Hue, Saturation and Brightness sliders.

CMYK – Cyan, Magenta, Yellow and Black sliders.

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Lab – The L element has a lightness value ranging from 0 to 100. The a element ranges from green to red and the b element ranges from blue to yellow.

Web Colors – allows you to select RGB colors and displays their Hex Values in the value boxes.

Two handy commands on the Color panel fly-out menu are the Copy Color to HTML and the Copy Color’s Hex Code. These will copy the currently selected color to the clipboard allowing you to paste the Hex Value directly into a document, either in HTML format (Copy Color to HTML) or in straight Hex format (Copy Color’s Hex Code).

To Use the Color Panel

1. If the Color panel is not visible, select Window > Color from the menu. 2. Click the Foreground Color Square or the Background Color Square in the

Color panel to select it. 3. To change the Color Model for the Slider Bars, select the desired Color Model

from the Color panel fly-out menu. 4. To change the Color Model for the Color Ramp, select the desired Color

Spectrum from the Color panel fly-out menu. 5. Select a color by dragging the slider bars until the desired color is displayed Or Drag on the color ramp until the desired color is displayed Or Enter values in the corresponding text boxes that correspond to the desired

color.

Let’s Try It!

What Why

1. If the Color panel is not visible in the panel Dock, select Window > Color from the menu. Click the tab on the Color panel.

Displays the Color panel. By default, the foreground color option is active.

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What Why

2. In the Color panel, click on the Foreground Color Square. Click Cancel to close the Color Picker.

Sets the option to modify the foreground color using the Color Picker.

Foreground color

square

3. Move your mouse pointer over the Color Ramp until the cursor transforms into an eyedropper pointer and click on the purple color as shown below.

Sets the foreground color to purple.

Click on the

purple color on

the Color Ramp

4. Click on the Color panel fly-out menu button and select CMYK Sliders from the menu as shown.

Sets the color mode to display the CMYK Sliders.

Color palette

menu button

Color panel fly-out

menu button

5. Click on the Color panel fly-out menu button and if there is not a check mark next to it, click Make Ramp Web Safe from the menu

Displays only Web safe colors on the Color Ramp. EVALU

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What Why

6. Click the Background Color Square on the Color panel as shown.

Sets the option to modify the background color.

Background color

square

7. Click Cancel to close the Color Picker dialog box.

Closes the Color Picker dialog box. We want to only work with the Color panel.

8. In the Colors panel, move your mouse pointer over the Color Ramp until the cursor transforms into an eyedropper pointer and click on the red color as shown below.

Sets the background color to red.

Click on the red

area of the color

ramp

9. Click the Foreground Color Square on the Color panel as shown. Click OK.

Sets Foreground color as the active color.

Click the

Foreground Color

Square EVALUATIO

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What Why

10. Click on the Color panel fly-out menu button and select RGB Sliders from the menu.

Sets the color mode to display the RGB Sliders.

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2.4 Using the Swatches Panel

In this lesson, you will work with the Swatches panel.

he Swatches panel displays commonly used colors and allows you to quickly choose colors, add additional colors and delete colors. The Swatches panel is a mixture of RGB, CMYK, Grayscale, Pastel and several darker and lighter colors. If you hover your mouse pointer over a color square, a small

informational box displays, informing you of the color name and to what category the color belongs (RGB Green, Pastel Violet, for example). You can change the Swatch display to list the Swatch name and category next to the Swatch Square by selecting Small List from the Swatch panel fly-out menu.

Click on Swatch

square to change

foreground color

Create New

Swatch button Trash Can

icon

Clicking on any color on the Swatches panel automatically changes the foreground color

to the selected color. To change the background color, hold down the key on Mac OS or Ctrl key on Windows as you click the color.

You can create custom colors, which you can then add to the Swatches panel. First, create a color using the Color Picker. Then, click the Create New Swatch button on the Color Picker window and type a name for your new swatch when prompted. The new custom color is automatically added to the Swatches panel after the existing colors. To change the name of an existing swatch, double-click the color on the Swatches panel and type in the name in the Color Swatch Name box.

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To delete a Swatch from the Swatches panel, click on a Swatch and then drag it to the Trash Can icon on the bottom on the Swatches Window. You can also hold down the Option key or Alt key (your mouse pointer will transform into scissors) and then select the Swatch you wish to delete. If you wish to restore the Swatch panel to the way it was originally, choose Reset Swatches from the Swatch panel fly-out menu.

You can load additional Swatch libraries by selecting Load Swatches from the Swatches panel fly-out menu and then selecting the desired Swatch library. The Swatch Library will automatically be appended to the end of the existing Swatch panel. Of course, you can always choose Reset Swatches from the fly-out menu to return to the original default Swatch panel format. If you add many custom colors to your Swatch panel, choose Save Swatches from the fly-out menu to save the current Swatches panel as a Swatch library that you can load at any time. This way, you will not lose your custom colors if you reset the Swatches panel.

Select Swatch

Library to load

Tip: If you click on a swatch in the Swatches panel and it changes the background color instead of the foreground color, you will need to display the Colors panel and click the Foreground Color Square. This sets the active color to the foreground color.

To Use the Swatches Panel

1. If the Swatches panel is not visible, select Window > Swatches from the menu.

2. Click the desired color swatch in the Swatches panel. 3. To add a custom color to the Swatches panel: a. Click the Foreground or Background Color Square on the Tools panel

to launch the color picker. b. Select the color with the Color Picker. c. Click the Create New Swatch button on the Color Picker window. d. Type in a name for your new swatch.

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4. To delete a swatch, select the swatch to be deleted and drag it to the Trash Can icon on the Swatches panel

Or Ctrl-click (or right-click if you are using a two button mouse) the swatch and

choose Delete Swatch from the contextual menu. 5. To display the swatches as a small list, click the Swatches panel fly-out menu

button and select Small List from the menu. 6. To load a swatch library: a. Click the Swatches panel fly-out menu button. b. Select Load Swatches. c. Select the swatch library you wish to load. d. Click Load. 7. To save your current Swatch layout: a. Click the Swatches panel fly-out menu button. b. Select Save Swatches. c. Type in a name for your new swatch library. d. Click Save. 8. To return your Swatch layout to the default, select Reset Swatches from the

Swatch panel fly-out menu.

Let’s Try It!

What Why

1. If the Swatch panel is not visible, select Window > Swatches from the menu.

Displays the Swatches panel.

2. Click the tab on the Swatches panel and then click the RGB red swatch (1st swatch in the first row) as shown.

Sets RGB red as the foreground color.

Click RGB

Red

3. Hold down the key if you are using Mac OS or Ctrl if you are using Windows and click the RGB yellow swatch (2nd swatch in the first row).

Sets the background color to RGB yellow. EVALUATIO

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What Why


Displays the Color Picker.

5. In the R box, type: 0 Sets the value for the Red color. We are going to create a custom color to add to the Swatches panel.

6. In the G box, type: 51 Sets the value for the Green color.

7. In the B box, type: 150 Sets the value for the Blue color. These three values create a dark blue color.

8. Click the Add to Swatches button on the Color Picker window as shown below.

Displays the Color Swatch Name dialog box, prompting you for a name for your new swatch.

9. Type: Crazy Blue in the Color Swatch Name Box as shown below and then click OK.

Creates a new swatch from the active foreground color and adds it to the end of the current swatch library.

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What Why

10. Click OK. Closes the Color Picker window.

11. Double-click the new swatch in the Swatches panel as shown below.

Displays the Color Swatch Name box, allowing you to change the name of your swatch.

Double-click

the new swatch

12. Click Cancel. Closes the Color Swatch Name box.

13. Click the Swatches panel fly-out menu button and select Save Swatches from the menu.

Displays the Save dialog box. We are going to append another Swatch Library at the end of our Swatches panel.

14. Type: My Swatches in the Save As box as shown below and then click Save.

Provides a name for your swatch library and then closes the Save box.

15. Click the Swatches panel fly-out menu button and select Reset Swatches from the menu. Click OK.

Restores the default Swatch Layout. Any custom swatches that we added are now gone.

16. Click the Swatches panel fly-out menu button and select Load Swatches from the menu.

Displays the Load dialog box. We are going to append the Swatch Library we created at the end of our Swatches panel.

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What Why

17. Click the My Swatches swatch library and then click Open. Observe the Swatches panel.

Adds our custom swatch library at the end of our swatches panel.

18. Click the Swatches panel fly-out menu button and select Reset Swatches from the menu. Click OK.

Restores the default Swatch Layout.

19. Select File > Close from the menu. Do not save your changes.

Closes the active document without saving changes.

EVALUATIO

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2.5 Coloring with the Brush Tool

In this lesson, you will work with the Brush Tool.

he Brush tool is a painting tool used for applying the active foreground color to an image. The Brush Tool shares a space on the Tools panel with the Pencil Tool, the Mixer Brush Tool and the Color Replacement Tool. Right-click on the Pencil Tool, Color Replacement Tool icon or the Mixer Brush Tool

icon until the hidden tool menu appears and then select Brush Tool. A quicker way of activating the Brush tool is to simply press the B key on your keyboard. If you wish to navigate among all the tools sharing that icon, hold down the Shift key and press the B key until the desired tool (in this case, the Brush tool) appears. This works with any of the other tools as well – to browse through all of an icon’s tools, use the keyboard letter assigned to that icon along with the Shift key.

Select the Brush tool

from the hidden

tools menu

Before painting with the Brush Tool, you will need to select the desired foreground color. Once this is done, you are ready to paint. Photoshop CC includes a multitude of different types and sizes of brushes from which you can choose – large brushes, small brushes, hard brushes, soft brushes, calligraphy brushes, stylized brushes, etc. Click on the Brush Preset Picker on the tool Options Bar to change the size or the hardness of the brush. You can also right-click anywhere on your image to display the Brush Preset Picker. Once the brush is selected, your mouse pointer will transform into the brush size that you selected, giving you an idea of what your brush will look like. To close the Brush Preset Picker and choose a brush, press the Return or Enter key.

You can also use keystroke combinations to quickly increase the size and hardness of your brush. Press the ] key to increase the size of your brush or the [ to decrease brush size. Likewise, press the Shift + ] to increase brush harndess or the Shift + [ for a softer edged brush.

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Brush Preset

Picker

Create a new

Brush Preset

Brush Tip

Shapes

Drag slider to

change brush

hardness

Drag slider to

change brush

size

You can increase or decrease the size of your brush by dragging the Size slider in the desired direction. You can also manually type in a value (in pixels) in the Size Diameter Box. To save the custom size of your brush, select New Brush Preset from the Brush Preset Picker menu (the gear icon) and then provide a name for your new brush.

Other options on the Brush Preset Picker menu include renaming and deleting brushes, changing the brush display, saving the current brush layout, loading an existing brush layout and resetting the brushes to the original default layout. There is also a list of commonly used brush libraries on the menu which you can append to your existing brush collection. The Hardness Slider allows you to increase or decrease the hardness of your brush. The higher the value, the harder the brush.

Choose brush type

& size

Display Brush

panel

Choose

Blending Mode

Drag slider to

change opacity

Airbrush

mode

Drag slider to

change flow

EVALUATIO

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When painting in an image, you can also select a blending mode from the Options Bar. The blending mode controls how the color of the image is affected by the foreground color painted by the brush tool. For instance, a Luminosity blend mode creates a color with the hue and saturation of the image color and the luminance of the foreground color. You are blending the foreground color with the original color as you paint. To choose a blending mode, click the Mode drop-down list. There are many blending modes to choose from – you may wish to experiment with some of the effects of the various blending modes. You will also find the Opacity tool which controls the transparency of your brush strokes and the Flow tool which controls how quickly color is applied.

Another option for modifying brushes is to use the Brush panel. Click the Brush panel icon on the Options bar or choose Window > Brush from the menu. Then click on the brush you wish to use under the Brush Presets tab. If desired, drag the size slider under the brush is the desired size. The Brush tab contains some interesting settings that you might find handy:

Size – Changes the size of the brush.

Flip X – Flips the brush tip horizontally.

Flip Y – Flips the brush tip vertically.

Angle – Changes the angle of the brush. You can type in a value in the angle box or drag the right-pointing arrow in the small crosshairs box in the desired direction.

Roundness – Changes the roundness of your brush from round to oval.

Hardness – Changes the hardness or softness of the brushes edges.

Spacing – Changes the amount of space between brush strokes.

Brushes Panel

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To Color with the Brush Tool

1. Choose a foreground color. 2. Click the Brush tool on the Tools panel Or Press the B key on your keyboard. 3. Select the desired brush display from the Brush Preset Picker fly-out menu. 4. Select a blending mode if desired. 5. Set the opacity and flow of the brush, if desired. 6. To load a different brush library, chose Load Brushes from the Brush Preset

Picker fly-out menu. 7. Select Save Brushes to save the current brush layout and then provide a name

for your new brush. 8. Select Reset Brushes to revert to the default Brush Library. 9. To choose a brush and close the Brush Preset Picker, double-click the brush

you wish to use. 10. To set additional Brush options, display the Brush panel and make your

selections. 11. To display the Brush panel, choose Window > Brush from the menu Or Click the Brush panel icon on the Options Bar.

Let’s Try It!

What Why



2. Navigate to the Lesson Files folder on the Desktop.

Displays the contents of the folder that contains the file we wish to open.

3. Select the file named apple.jpg and then click Open.

Opens the jpeg file named apple.jpg in Photoshop.

4. If the Swatches panel is not visible, select Window > Swatches from the menu.

Displays the Swatches panel.

5. Click the RGB Red swatch (1st swatch in the first row) in the Swatches panel.

Sets RGB Red as the foreground color. EVALUATIO

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What Why

6. Click the Brush Tool on the Tools panel as shown.


7. On the Options Bar, click the Brush Preset Picker icon as shown below.

Displays the Brush Preset Picker

Click the Brush

Preset Picker icon

8. Click on the hard round brush icon as shown below.

Selects the hard round brush.

Click the Hard

Round Brush

icon

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What Why

9. Drag the slider under the Size area until 13 px displays in the size box. Press Return or Enter.

Sets the size of the brush to 13 pixels.

Drag slider until 13

px displays in the

Size box

10. Click inside of the apple and drag up and down a few times until a few red lines are painted inside of the apple as shown.

Paints a few lines in the apple. As the size 13 brush pointer is rather small for an area of this size, we will increase the brush size.

Paint a few

lines inside of

the apple

11. Press the ] key on your keyboard 10 times.

Increases the size of the brush to 70 pixels, making it easier for us to paint in a larger area. You could also drag the Size slider in the Brush Preset Picker.

12. On the Options Bar, click the Brush Preset Picker arrow

Displays the Brush Preset Picker icon

13. Drag the Hardness Slider to the left until 40% is displayed in the size box. Press Return.

Decreases the hardness of the brush to 40 pixels. EVALU

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What Why

Drag Hardness

slider to 40%

14. Paint the inside of the apple until it is completely red as shown below.

Paints the inside of the apple red with the Brush Tool.

Paint the rest of the

inside of the apple

until it is completely

red

15. Click the Brush Preset Picker arrow and then click the Options Menu button (the gear icon) as shown below.

Displays the Brush Menu. We are going to change the way in which the brushes are displayed.

EVALUATIO

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What Why

Click the Options

icon to display the

menu

16. Click Large List on the menu. Changes the brush display to a list consisting of brush description and pointer type.

17. Press Return or Enter. Closes the Brush Preset Picker menu.

18. Select Window > Brush from the menu.

Displays the Brush panel.

19. Under the Brush tab, click the Hard Round 30 brush icon as shown below.

Changes the brush to a hard round 30 pixel brush.

Click the Hard

Round 30 brush

icon

20. Press the F5 key on your keyboard.

Toggles the display of the Brush panel. You could also choose Window > Brush from the menu.

EVALUATIO

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What Why

21. Select File > Save As from the menu and type: My_Apple.jpg in the File Name text box. Click Save, and then click OK.

Renames the image file “My_Apple.jpg”

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2.6 Coloring with the Paint Bucket

Tool

In this lesson, you will work with the Paint Bucket Tool.

he Paint Bucket tool is a painting tool used for applying the active foreground color to an image. However, the Paint Bucket tool allows you to quickly apply the foreground color to any enclosed area in an image or to an entire area of the same color. The Paint Bucket tool shares a space on the Tools panel with the

Gradient Tool and the 3D Material Drop Tool.

Paint Bucket tool shares

Tool panel space with the

Gradient Tool and the 3D

Material Drop Tool

In addition to filling an area with the foreground color, you also have the option of applying a pattern instead of the foreground color. Click the Fill arrow on the Options Bar and choose Pattern from the drop-down list. The Pattern Picker then becomes activated, allowing you to apply a specific pattern to the image.

Select “Pattern”

as the fill type

Click the Pattern

Picker button to

display available

patterns

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Like with the Brush Tool, the Paint Bucket tool allows you to apply a Blending Mode when filling in an area, which combines the two colors. Additionally, the Opacity setting allows you to set the transparency level of the color you are applying.

A nice feature of the Paint Bucket tool is the ability to fill in all of the same color in an image at once. For instance, if you want to change all instances of a particular shade of red to orange, select orange as the foreground color and then uncheck the Contiguous check box on the Options Bar. Now, if you click any red area of your image, all instances of that shade of red will be painted with the orange foreground color. When the contiguous box is checked, the fill is restricted to the selected enclosed area.

When filling similar shades of a color, you can set the Tolerance Level to specify how sensitive the Paint Bucket tool will be to different shades of the same color – the lower the tolerance value, the more sensitive the Paint Bucket tool is to shade differences.

To Color with the Paint Bucket Tool

1. Click the Paint Bucket Tool on the Tools panel. 2. Choose a foreground color. 3. Click the Fill arrow and select either Foreground or Pattern. 4. If using a pattern as the fill type, select the desired pattern from the Pattern

Preset Picker. 5. Select a blending mode, if desired. 6. Select an Opacity percentage to adjust color or pattern transparency. 7. Select the desired tolerance level. 8. To restrict the fill to an enclosed or selected area, check the Contiguous check

box. 9. Click on the area you wish to fill.

Let’s Try It!

What Why

1. Click the CMYK green color swatch in the Swatches panel (to the right of CMYK Yellow) as shown below.

Sets the foreground color to CMYK green.

EVALUATIO

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What Why

Select CMYK

Green

2. Click the Paint Bucket Tool icon on the Tools panel as shown.

Activates the Paint Bucket tool. The Paint Bucket tool shares a space with the Gradient Tool.

3. Ensure that the Contiguous checkbox in the Options bar is checked. Then, click inside of the Apple’s leaf as shown.

Changes the color of the apple’s leaf to CMYK green.

Click inside of

the apple’s leaf

EVALUATIO

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What Why

4. Select File > Close from the menu. Click Save when asked to save changes.

Saves and closes the My_Apple image.

5. Select File > Open from the menu. Displays the Open dialog box.

6. Select the file named Blocks.jpg and then click Open.

Opens the Blocks.jpg file in Photoshop.

7. Click the RGB Yellow color swatch in the Swatches panel as shown.

Sets the foreground color to RGB Yellow.

Click on the RGB

Yellow swatch

8. Click the dark red side of the first cube as shown.

Applies the yellow foreground color to the selected enclosed area.

Click the dark

red side of the

top cube

9. Select Edit > Undo Paint Bucket from the menu.

Reverses the last action and restores the color to red.

10. Uncheck the Contiguous check box on the Options Bar as shown below.

Removes the contiguous restriction. Now we can fill all like colors on the image at once. EVALU

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What Why

Uncheck the

Contiguous box

11. Click the dark red side of the first cube again.

Fills all instances of the same color with the yellow foreground color.

12. Select Edit > Undo Paint Bucket from the menu.

Reverses the last action and restores the color to red.

13. Double-click in the Tolerance box on the Options Bar and type: 175. Press Return or Enter.

Sets the Tolerance to 175. A tolerance this high reduces the sensitivity to different shades of the same color.

14. Click the dark red side of the first cube once again.

Fills all instances of various shades of red and pink to the foreground color.

15. Select File > Close from the menu. Click Don’t Save when asked to save changes.

Closes the Blocks.jpg file without saving the changes.

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2.7 Using the Eyedropper Tool

In this lesson, you will match a color with the Eyedropper Tool.

he Eyedropper Tool allows you to take color samples from the image you have open. When the Eyedropper tool is activated, any color that you select on your image automatically then becomes the foreground color. This is especially helpful if you wish to do additional painting on an image using an existing color

in the image.

Eyedropper

tool

By default, sampling is set to all layers which samples what the image would look like were you to flatten all layers. If this is not what you want, you can choose which layers to sample by clicking the Sample drop-down list on the Options bar and choosing Current Layer (samples only the current layer), Current & Below (will not sample any layers above the current layer), All Layers no Adjustments (all layers except for adjustment layers) or Current & Below no Adjustments.

To Select a Color with the Eyedropper Tool

1. Select the Eyedropper Tool on the Tools panel. 2. If desired, choose the desired Sample Size from the Options Bar. 3. Choose which layers you want to sample from the Sample drop-down list. 4. Click on the area of the image where you wish to sample the color. 5. If desired, choose whether to show or hide the Sampling Ring when sampling. 6. Click your mouse button. 7. Use any of the painting or editing tools to apply the new foreground color.

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Let’s Try It!

What Why



2. Select the file named fruit_dish.jpg and then click Open.

Opens the fruit_disih.jpg file in Photoshop.

3. Select the Eyedropper Tool on the Tools panel as shown.

Activates the Eyedropper tool. Note that the Eyedropper Tool shares a space with the Color Sampler Tool and the Measure Tool.

4. Click on any one of the strawberries in the image.

Changes the foreground color to that of the selected area on the strawberry.

5. Click on any one of the star fruit in the image.

Changes the foreground color to that of the selected area on the star fruit.

6. Select File > Close from the menu. Do not save any changes.

Closes the fruit_dish.jpg file.

EVALUATIO

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2.8 Working with Gradients

In this lesson, you will work with the Gradient Tool.

he Gradient Tool allows you to fill a selection with a gradual blend of multiple colors, beginning with one color and ending with another. The Gradient Tool shares a space on the Tools panel with the Paint Bucket Tool.

The Gradient Tool shares a

space with the Paint Bucket

Tool and the 3D Material

Drop Tool

You can choose one of Photoshop’s preset gradient fills from the Gradient Preset Picker drop-down list on the Options Bar or you can create your own custom gradients. To select the direction of your gradient, click on the image and then drag in the direction to which you want to apply a gradient. To use the foreground and background colors as the gradient fill, select the Foreground to Background gradient preset from the Gradient Picker (usually the first gradient swatch in the list) on the Options Bar.

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Gradient

Picker

Foreground to

Background

gradient fill swatch

Hovering your mouse pointer over any of the preset gradients will display a small informational box telling you what that particular gradient swatch is.

To create a custom gradient, choose the foreground and background colors for your gradient and then apply it to your document space. Then, click on the Gradient Preset Picker menu arrow, choose New Gradient, and then provide a name for your new custom gradient. The new gradient will now display in the Gradient Picker Preset list.

On the Options Bar, there are five different gradient types that you can choose:

Linear – colors blend in a straight line

Radial – colors blend in a circular pattern

Angle – colors blend in a conical progression

Reflected – when dragged from the center outward, the gradient creates a symmetrical linear gradient on both sides of the center.

Diamond – creates a diamond-like pattern

On the Options Bar, you can also choose a blending mode and set the opacity. Additional options include Reverse (gradient starts with the background color and ends with the foreground color), Dither (helps eliminate distinct bands of color in your gradient, creating a smooth color transition) and Transparency (uses a gradient mask, allowing for gradient transparency).

To Create a Gradient

1. Click the Gradient Tool on the Tools panel. 2. Click the Gradient Preset Picker arrow and choose from the available

gradient presets Or Click directly on the Gradient Preset Picker (not the arrow) to open the

Gradient Editor dialog box and choose from the available gradient presets. 3. Choose the gradient type (linear, radial, angle, reflected or diamond). 4. Select the foreground and background colors.

EVALUATIO

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5. Choose a blending mode and an opacity percentage if desired. 6. Click the Reverse check box to reverse the color order (background to

foreground). 7. Click the Dither check box to create a smoother transition between gradient

colors (eliminate banding). 8. Select the Transparency check box to allow for transparency. 9. Click and drag in the document window to create a gradient.

Let’s Try It!

What Why


2. Select Web from the Preset size drop-down list.

Selects the image preset.

3. If necessary, select 800 x 600 from the Size drop-down list.

Selects an image size of 800 x 600 pixels.

4. Select White as the background contents and then click OK.

Applies a white background color to the new image.

5. Select the Gradient Tool on the Tools panel as shown.

Activates the Gradient Tool and displays Gradient Tool options on the Options Bar.

Gradient

Tool

6. Click the Gradient Picker drop-down arrow and select the first gradient color swatch in the first row as shown below. Press Return or Enter.

Selects the Foreground to Background gradient. EVALU

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What Why

7. Press the D key on your keyboard. Sets the foreground color to black and the background color to white.

8. Click on the left center edge of the document and with your mouse button held down, drag to the right center edge of the document as shown below. Release the mouse button.

Applies a gradient, beginning with black and ending with white.

Click and drag to the

right center edge of

the document

9. Click the Foreground Color Square on the Tools panel and type in 255 in the R box, and 0 in the G and B boxes. Click OK.

Changes the foreground color to red.

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What Why

10. Click on the left center edge of the document and with your mouse button held down, drag to the right center edge of the document. Release the mouse button.

Applies a gradient, beginning with red and ending with white.

11. Click the Radial Gradient icon on the Options Bar as shown.

Sets the gradient type to Radial.

Radial Gradient

icon

12. Click in the center of the document and drag in a horizontal line to the right edge as shown below. Release the mouse button.

Creates a radial gradient.

13. Click on the Gradient Preset Picker box (not the arrow) on the Options Bar as shown below.

Displays the Gradient Editor dialog box. EVALUATIO

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What Why

Click the Gradient

Preset Picker box

14. Click in the Name box and type: Crazy Red.

Provides a name for our new gradient.

Type: Crazy Red

15. Click the New button. Creates a new gradient based upon our current settings.

16. Click OK. Saves the active gradient to the Gradient Preset list and closes the Gradient Editor dialog box.


Closes the active document without saving changes.

EVALUATIO

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Lesson Summary – Colors & Painting

In this lesson, we learned how to set the foreground and background color of a document by clicking on the Foreground or Background color square on the Tools panel. We learned how to switch between the foreground and background colors and how to return to the default Photoshop colors.

Next, we worked with the Color Picker to change the foreground and background color. We learned how to move through the color spectrum using the slider arrows and how to enter in custom values. We also learned how to use only Web safe colors and how to set a color by entering in hex values.

Next, we learned how to set the foreground and background colors by using the Color panel. We learned about the Grayscale, RGB, HSB, CMYK, Lab and Web color models. We learned that we can change colors by using the slider arrows or by entering in custom values. We looked at the Color panel menu and learned about Color Models and Color Ramp Models.

Then, we learned that we can also change the foreground and background colors by using the Swatches panel. We learned how to create custom swatches and add them to the panel. We saw how to reset the Swatches panel to its original setting and load swatches from a Swatch Library. We looked at the Swatch panel menu and learned that we can change the Swatch display type to Small Thumbnail, Large Thumbnail, Small List or Large List.

Next, we worked with the Brush Tool. We learned how to choose a brush size from the Brush Preset Picker or from the Brushes panel and how to change the pixel size of our selected brush. We learned that you change the blending mode, the luminosity, the opacity and the flow from the Options Bar. We learned how to save a custom brush, delete an existing brush or load a different brush library.

Then, we worked with the Paint Bucket Tool. We learned how to fill an enclosed area of an image with the same color. We saw how to apply a gradient or a pattern to the image. We also learned how to adjust the tolerance level to modify the sensitivity of the Paint Bucket tool.

Next, we worked with the Eyedropper Tool to sample colors. We saw that we can use the Eyedropper tool to change the foreground color to any color that we sample in our image.

Lastly, we worked with Gradients. We saw how to fill a selection with a gradual blend of multiple colors. We learned about the different types of gradients and about the various options we can apply to our gradients.

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Lesson 2 Quiz

1. After you click the Foreground color box on the Tools panel, what dialog box displays? A. The Swatches panel B. The Color Picker C. The Color panel D. The Gradient panel

2. You are designing a Web page and want to duplicate your foreground color in your Web page. Where would you find the equivalent Hex value of the active foreground color?

A. In the Web Color Box of the Swatches panel. B. In the Hex Value Input Box of the Color Picker. C. In the Hex Value Input Box of the Web Ramp. D. In the RGB box of the Color panel.

3. What three tools allow you to change the foreground and background color? A. Color Picker, Swatches panel and Gradient panel. B. Color Picker, Color Switcher panel and Swatches panel. C. Color Picker, Swatches panel and Color panel. D. Swatches panel, Color Picker and Paint Bucket.

4. How can you change the background color from the Swatches panel?

A. Hold down the key on a Mac or Ctrl key on a PC as you click the desired color.

B. Hold down the Option or Alt key as you click the desired color. C. Hold down the Shift key as you click the desired color. D. Double-click the desired color.

5. When you reset the Swatches panel using the Reset Swatches command, any custom swatches that you created will be deleted.

A. True B. False

6. What is the Brush tool used for? A. Applying the active background color to an image. B. Changing the active foreground color. C. Selecting swatches. D. Applying the active foreground color to an image.

7. How can you change the brush size of the Brush Tool icon?

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8. What is the Paint Bucket tool used for? A. Applying the active background color to an image. B. Changing the active foreground color. C. Apply the foreground color to any enclosed area or to an entire area of the

same color. D. Apply the background color to any enclosed area or to an entire area of the

same color.

9. With what tool does the Paint Bucket share a space on the Tools panel? A. Pencil Tool B. Gradient Tool C. Color Replacement Tool D. Brush Tool

10. Using the Paint Bucket tool, you want change the color of all shades of green on your image to RGB Red with one click. What setting you could adjust to accomplish this?

A. Increase the Blending Mode. B. Increase the Tolerance Level. C. Check the Continuous box. D. Reduce the Opacity.

11. Which tool allows you to take color samples from an image and set it as the active foreground color?

A. Replace Color tool B. Color Sampler Tool C. Eyedropper Tool D. Gradient Tool

12. Which tool allows you to fill a selection with a gradual blend of multiple colors? A. Blending Tool B. Gradient Tool C. Color Mixture Tool D. Paint Bucket Tool

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1. Open the file named Lab2.jpg. Using the Color Picker, change the foreground color to Yellow.

2. Activate the Brush Tool. Select a hard round brush. Using the Size slider, change the brush size to 25 px. Press Return (Mac) or Enter (PC).

3. In the black area of the frame, write (by clicking and dragging) the word: Hello

4. Display the Swatches panel. Change the Foreground color to CMYK Red. Change your brush size to 13. On the bottom frame border, write out your name as shown below.

5. Activate the Paint Bucket Tool. Using the Color panel, change the foreground color to the following values:

R: 0 G: 160 B: 80

Make sure that the Contiguous checkbox is checked on the Options Bar and set the Tolerance to 30. Change the frame borders (the mustard yellow colored sections) to the foreground color using the Paint Bucket Tool.

EVALUATIO

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6. Save the file as: My_Lab_2 and then close the file.

7. Create a new file using the Web preset. Use 800 x 600 for the image size and set Background Color as the background contents.

8. Activate the Gradient Tool. Drag from the top center to the bottom center of the document area. Select Copper Gradient from the Gradient Color Picker list. Drag from the center of the image downward to the center edge.

9. Save the document with the name My_Gradient.psd and choose Photoshop as the document format.

10. Close the document.

EVALUATIO

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L E S S O N 3 – E D I T I N G T O O L S


Lesson 3 - Editing Tools

Lesson Topics:

3.1 Using Copy & Paste

3.2 Using the History Panel

3.3 Using the History Brush Tool

3.4 Using the Magic Eraser Tool

3.5 Using the Background Eraser Tool

3.6 Using the Pencil Tool

3.7 Using the Clone Stamp Tool

3.8 Using the Pattern Stamp Tool

3.9 Using the Dodge and Burn Tools

3.10 Using the Sponge Tool

3.11 Using the Healing Brush Tool

3.12 Using the Spot Healing Brush Tool

3.13 Using the Patch Tool

3.14 Using Content-Aware Fill

3.15 Using the Color Replacement Tool

3.16 Using the Red Eye Tool

Lesson

3

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3.1 Using Copy and Paste

In this lesson, we will create a copy of a selection

he Copy and Paste commands allow you to make a copy of a selection and insert it in the same document or in a different document. Before you can copy an image, you must first select it by using one of Photoshop’s selection tools such as the Rectangular Marquee Tool.

Selection

Marquee tools

With the tool activated, draw a selection around the area of the image that you would like to copy and then select Edit > Copy from the menu. A duplicate of the selection is then placed in memory. To insert the copied selection, choose Edit > Paste from the menu. The image will then be placed in the active document. You can move the inserted image around in your document by activating the Move Tool and then clicking and dragging the image to the desired location in the document window.

To Copy and Paste a Selection

1. Activate one of Photoshop’s Selection Tools. 2. Draw a selection around the area of the image that you wish to copy. 3. Select Edit > Copy from the menu. 4. Select Edit > Paste to insert the copied selection into the active document. 5. Activate the Move Tool to change the position of the inserted item in your

document window.

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Let’s Try It!

What Why



2. Select the file named fruit_dish.jpg from the Lesson Files folder on your Desktop and then click Open.

Opens the fruit_dish.jpg file in Photoshop.

3. Select the Rectangular Marquee Tool on the Tools panel as shown.

Activates the Rectangular Marquee selection tool. To select an object, click and draw a rectangle around the area you want to select.

Rectangular

Marquee Tool

4. Click and drag around the fruit dish until a dotted rectangle is displayed as shown below.

Selects the area of the image we wish to copy.

EVALUATIO

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What Why

5. Select Edit > Copy from the menu.

Places a copy of the selection in memory.



7. Select the file named Frame.jpg and then click Open.

Opens the Frame.jpg file in Photoshop, which then becomes the active document.

8. Select Edit > Paste from the menu.

Inserts a copy of the selection into the active image.

9. Click the Move Tool icon on the Tools panel as shown.

Activates the Move Tool (you can also press V on your keyboard to activate the tool). To change the position of the inserted image, click on the image and drag it to the desired location.

Move Tool

icon

10. Drag the inserted image to the top left corner of the frame as shown below.

Moves the fruit basket to the top left corner of the frame.

EVALUATIO

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What Why

11. Select Edit > Paste. Inserts another copy of the image into the document. Notice that the copied image remains in memory.

12. Drag the new inserted image to the bottom right corner of the frame.

Moves the fruit basket to the bottom right corner of the frame.

13. Select File > Save As from the menu. Save the file as My_Frame.psd in Photoshop format.

Saves the document in Photoshop format.

14. Select File > Close from the menu.

Closes the My_Frame.psd document.

EVALUATIO

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3.2 Using the History Panel

In this lesson, you will learn how to use the History Panel.

he History panel allows you to undo multiple actions (or states) in Photoshop. Each time that you perform an action such as painting with the Paint Bucket Tool, erasing with the Eraser Tool or creating a new layer, a new state of that image is recorded in the History panel. Each state is listed

separately according to the action or command performed. You can set how an image looked before specific changes were applied by clicking on any of the listed states in the History panel.

By default, the History panel saves the last 20 history states. To increase the number of states, select Photoshop > Preferences > Performance if using Mac OS or Edit > Preferences > Performance if using Windows from the menu and type in the new number of history states to be saved in the History States box. Note however, that the more states you save, the more you may impact the performance of your computer.

History

States

Delete

current state

Create

snapshot of

current state

Create new

document from

current state

In addition to History States, the History panel can also contain Snapshots. A snapshot is a copy of a specific state of an image. To create a snapshot of an image, click the Create New Snapshot button on the bottom of the History panel. The

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snapshot will then be saved with the document, allowing you to work from a specific snapshot.

You can set the History panel to work in either linear mode or non-linear mode. If you are working in linear mode and continue to edit your document from a previous state or delete a previous state, all subsequent states will be deleted. If the History panel is set to work in non-linear mode, and you begin working from an earlier state or delete an earlier state, the subsequent states will not be deleted. To switch from linear to non-linear, click the History panel fly-out menu button, click History Options and then check the Allow Non-Linear History check box to switch to non-linear mode.

You can create a new Photoshop document based on a specific state. Select the state in the History panel upon which you wish your new document to be based and then click the Create new document from current state button on the bottom of the History panel.

To Use the History Panel

1. To display the History panel, select Window > History from the menu. 2. To jump to a previous state, click on the desired state in the History panel

window. 3. To delete a state (and all subsequent states), drag the state to the Trash Can

icon on the bottom of the History panel window. 4. To create a snapshot of the current state, click the Snapshot icon on the

bottom of the History panel. 5. To change the number of states to be saved, select Photoshop > Preferences

> General if using Mac OS or Edit > Preferences > General is using Windows from the menu and enter the number of desired states in the History States box.

6. To set History panel Options, click the History panel fly-out button and click History Options from the menu. Check any of the following settings:

a. Automatically Create First Snapshot – Creates a new snapshot when the document first opens.

b. Automatically Create New Snapshot when Saving – Creates a snapshot every time the document is saved.

c. Allow Non-Linear History – Sets the mode to non-linear d. Show New Snapshot Dialog By Default – Displays a dialog box every

time a new snapshot is created. e. Make Layer Visibility Changes Undoable – By default, you cannot

undo the action of turning layer visibility on or off and is not recorded as a history step in the History panel. If you wish to include layer visibility changes in the history steps, select this option.

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7. To create a new document based on the current state, click the Create new document from current state button on the bottom of the History panel.

Let’s Try It!

What Why

1. Select File > Close from the menu. Do not save any changes.

Closes the fruit_dish.jpg document.



3. Select the file named Henry.jpg and then click Open.

Opens the Henry.jpg file in Photoshop.

4. Press the D key on your keyboard. Selects black as the foreground color and white as the background color.

5. Click the Brush Tool icon on the Tools panel.


6. Click the Brush Preset Picker arrow on the Options Bar and type in 5 px in the Size box. Press Return or Enter.

Selects a 5-pixel brush.

7. Draw a mustache on the man in the photo.

Adds a mustache on the man in the photo.

EVALUATIO

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What Why

8. Draw a goatee on the man in the image as shown.

Adds a goatee on the man in the photo.

9. Click the Foreground Color Square on the Tools panel and enter the following values: R:255, G:255, B: 0. Click OK.

Changes the foreground color to RGB Yellow.

10. Click the Drawing Tools icon on the Tools panel and select the Ellipse Tool from the menu as shown below.

The Ellipse Tool allows us to draw a elliptical shape on our image.

EVALUATIO

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What Why

11. Draw a small round ellipse on the top right corner of the image as shown.

Adds a small circle with yellow fill to the image.

12. If the History panel is not visible, select Window > History from the menu.

Displays the History panel.

13. Click the first listing “Open” in the History panel as shown.

Displays the original state of the image when it was first opened.

Select the first

state of the

image (Open)

14. Click the second state in the list, “Brush Tool”

Selects the history state where the mustache was added to the image.

15. Click the third state in the list. Selects the history state where the goatee was added.

16. Click the last state in the list. Selects the state where we added the sun to the image.

EVALUATIO

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What Why

17. Click the second state in the list, “Brush Tool” and then click the Create New Snapshot icon on the bottom of the History panel as shown below.

Selects the history state where the mustache was added to the image and creates a snapshot of the state named “Snapshot 1”. Unlike history states, snapshots are not automatically deleted when the history state limit is reached.

Click the “Create

New Snapshot”

icon

18. Click the Create New document from current state icon on the bottom of the History panel as shown below.

Creates a brand new image from the selected history state and add it as a tab on top of our screen.

Click the “Create

new document from

current state” icon

19. Select File > Close from the menu. Click the Don’t Save button.

Closes the new image file without saving any changes.

20. Click the second state in the list, “Brush Tool” and then click the Trash Can icon. Click Yes if asked if you wish to delete the state.

Deletes the selected history state and all subsequent states. EVALU

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What Why

21. Click on Snapshot 1 in the History panel.

Displays the Snapshot we took earlier.

22. Select File > Close from the menu. Do not save changes.

Closes the document without saving changes.

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3.3 Using the History Brush Tool

In this lesson, you will learn how to use the History Brush Tool.

he History Brush Tool, which shares a space on the Tools panel with the Art History Brush Tool, allows you to use any state on the History panel, including a snapshot as a way of painting back any areas of your image to a prior state.

What’s nice about the History Brush Tool is that it allows you to brush edits on specific parts of an image, rather than the entire image. For example, let’s say you used the brush tool to paint on your image and then decide several editing steps later, that you wanted to remove some of the brush strokes. To remove only the brush strokes, click the small box to the left of the state in the History panel next to the beginning of the brush strokes you want to remove then erase the unwanted strokes with the History Brush tool, leaving the rest of the image as is.

History Brush

Tool

To Use the History Brush Tool

1. To display the History panel, select Window > History from the menu Or Press Y on your keyboard. 2. Select the History Brush Tool on the Tools panel. 3. Choose the desired brush size from the Options Bar. 4. In the History panel, click the small gray box in the leftmost column above the

state that you wish to correct.

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5. Draw on your image until the desired effect is attained.

Tip: The Art History Brush, which shares a space with the History Brush Tool works similarly except that it adds stylized effects.

Let’s Try It!

What Why

1. Press the +O keystroke combination if using Mac OS or Ctrl + O if using Windows.


2. Select the file named Cardinal.jpg and then click Open.

Opens the Cardinal.jpg file in Photoshop.

3. Select Filter > Noise > Add Noise from the menu.

Displays the Add Noise dialog box. We will work more with Filters in a later lesson.

4. Type 4 in the amount box and then click OK

Specifies the amount of noise we want to add to the image.

5. Select Filter > Blur > Gaussian Blur from the menu.

Displays the Gaussian Blur dialog box from which we can set the level of blur for our image.

6. Type 3.5 in the Radius box and then click OK.

Sets the amount of blur.

7. If the History panel is not visible, select Window > History from the menu.


8. In the History panel, click in the check box next to Add Noise as shown below.

Sets the state where we wish to begin reversing our actions. Only those actions below the Add Noise action will be effected. EVALU

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What Why

Click in the

checkbox next to

“Add Noise”

9. Select the History Brush Tool on the Tools panel as shown.

Activates the History Brush Tool.

10. Click the Brush Preset Picker arrow on the Options Bar and type: 30 px in the Size box as shown below. Press Return.

Sets a Brush Size of 30 pixels.

Type 30 px in the

Size box

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What Why

11. Draw over the Cardinal in the image. Restores the area of the image to the way it was before the Blur filter was applied.

12. Select File > Close from the menu. Do not save changes.


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3.4 Using the Magic Eraser Tool

In this lesson, you will learn how to use the Magic Eraser Tool.

he Magic Eraser Tool removes or erases the color in an image without having to first make a selection, making the image transparent. Like the Paint Bucket Tool, the Magic Eraser Tool tries to match the same pixels on an image and erase those pixels. If the contiguous box is checked, any enclosed area in an

image or an entire area of the same color is erased. If you wanted the Magic Eraser tool to erase all of the same colors in an image at once, then uncheck the contiguous check box on the Options Bar.

Eraser

Tools

Magic Eraser

Tool

When erasing similar shades of a color, you can set the Tolerance Level to specify how sensitive the Magic Eraser tool will be to different shades of the same color – the lower the tolerance value, the more sensitive the Magic Eraser tool is to shade differences. Additionally, the Opacity setting allows you to set the transparency level of the color you are erasing.

If you wish to erase selective areas of an image, use the Eraser tool and then click and drag along the parts of the image you wish to erase.

Tip: If using the regular Eraser Tool (shares the Tools panel with the Magic Eraser Tool), you can use the Erase to History checkbox on the Options Bar to erase up to a saved state or snapshot of an image. Click the gray box in the left column of the state or snapshot in the History panel, and then check the Erase To History check box.

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To Erase with the Magic Eraser Tool

1. Select the Magic Eraser Tool on the Tools panel. 2. Select an Opacity percentage to adjust color transparency. 3. Select the desired Tolerance level. 4. To restrict the erasing to an enclosed or selected area, check the Contiguous

check box. 5. Click on the area you wish to erase.

Let’s Try It!

What Why



2. Select the file named Eraser.jpg and then click Open.

Opens the Eraser.jpg file in Photoshop.

3. Click the Magic Eraser icon on the Tools panel as shown.

Activates the Magic Eraser Tool.

4. Make sure the Contiguous box is checked on the Options Bar.

Sets the option to erase only any enclosed area in an image or an entire selected area of the same color.

5. Click the light purple area on the top border of the frame.

Erases the background color of the top border of the frame. EVALU

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What Why

6. Select Edit > Undo Magic Eraser from the menu.

Reverses the last action.

7. Uncheck the contiguous check box.

Sets the option to erase all areas of the same color on the entire image.

8. Enter 30 in the Tolerance box on the Options Bar.

Sets the tolerance level to 30.

9. Click the light purple area on the top border of the frame again.

Erases the background of the top and bottom borders as they are the same color.

10. Click the left border of the frame. Erases the background of the left and right borders as they are the same color.

11. If the History panel is not displayed, select Window > History from the menu.


12. Select the first item (eraser.jpg - the original snapshot) in the History list.

Selects the original snapshot.

13. Click the History panel fly-out menu button and select Clear History from the menu as shown below.

Reverses the last two actions we performed and returns the image to the original state.

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3.5 Using the Background Eraser

Tool

In this lesson, you will learn how to use the Background Eraser Tool.

he Background Eraser Tool, which shares a space on the Tools panel with the Eraser Tool and the Magic Eraser Tool, allows you to remove the background color from an image while retaining the foreground color. The trick to using the Background Eraser tool is to keep the crosshair that is in the center of your

cursor on the background color as you drag and make sure that part of your brush cursor is on the foreground color. You will want to choose a large enough brush size so that you can easily accomplish this.

+

As you drag, keep

crosshair centered

on background

color

To Erase with the Background Eraser Tool

1. Select the Background Eraser Tool on the Tools panel. 2. Select the desired brush size from the Brush Preset Picker combo box. 3. Select Discontinuous, Contiguous or Find Edges from the Limits combo

box, depending on how far you wish to spread the erasing. 4. Select a tolerance if desired. 5. To protect the selected foreground color from being erased, click the Protect

Foreground Color check box.

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6. Choose Continuous, Once or Background Swatch from the Sampling combo box to set how the eraser selects the color to erase.

7. Drag on the edge of the background and foreground color, keeping the crosshair in the center on the cursor on the background area.

Let’s Try It!

What Why



2. Select the file named Red_Apple.jpg and then click Open.

Opens the Red_Apple.jpg file in Photoshop.

3. Click the Background Eraser Tool icon on the Tools panel as shown.

Activates the Background Eraser Tool.

4. Click the Brush Preset Picker arrow and drag the Size Slider until the value in the box is about 80 px as shown below. Press Return or Enter.

Sets the brush size to 80 pixels.

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What Why

Drag the Size

slider to 80 px

5. Drag on the edge of the apple while keeping the cursor’s crosshair on the white background color as shown. Drag all around the apple to erase the surrounding background color.

Removes the background color around the apple.

+

6. Completely erase the rest of the background by dragging on any white area surrounding the apple.

Removes the rest of the background color.

7. Select File > Save from the menu. Click Save.

Saves the red_apple file in Photoshop format.

8. Select File > Close from the menu.

Closes the red_apple.jpg file.

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3.6 Using the Pencil Tool

In this lesson, you will learn how to use the Pencil Tool.

he Pencil Tool is similar to the Brush Tool. The only difference between the two is the Pencil Tool’s inability to draw anything but hard edge lines. It doesn’t have the transparent edges and the smooth edges that the Brush Tool does – its edges are more jagged.

Pencil Tool, Brush Tool, Color

Replacement Tool and Mixer

Brush Tool share the same

Toolbox space

Like the Brush Tool, you can choose a brush type from the Brush Preset Picker as well as set the Blending Mode and the Opacity. A unique feature of the Pencil Tool is Auto Erase which allows you to erase previous pencil strokes by drawing over them again. Additionally, this option allows us to paint the background color on areas containing the foreground color.

To Paint with the Pencil Tool

1. Select the Pencil Tool on the Tools panel. 2. Choose the desired brush type from the Brush Preset Picker. 3. Select a Blending Mode, if desired. 4. Enter an Opacity percentage, if desired. 5. Drag the Pencil Tool pointer over the area of the image you wish to paint. 6. Check the Auto Erase check box to paint the background color on areas

containing the foreground color.

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Let’s Try It!

What Why

1. Click the Background Color Square on the Tools panel and type in 0 in the R, G & B boxes. Click OK.

Sets the background color to black.

2. Click the Brush Tool on the Tools panel.


3. Change the brush size to 19 pixels from the Brush Preset Picker.

Selects the brush size we wish to use.

4. Draw a line in the black area of the frame as shown below.

Draws a line with the Brush Tool.

Draw a line with

the Brush Tool

5. Click the Pencil Tool on the Tools panel as shown.

6. Change the brush size to 19 pixels from the Brush Preset Picker and press Return.

Selects the brush size we wish to use.

7. Draw a line underneath the line you drew in step 4.

Draws a line with the Pencil Tool. Notice the edges are much more jagged then on the line we drew with the Brush Tool.

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What Why

8. Click the Rectangular Marquee Tool on the Tools panel as shown.

The Rectangular Marquee Tool allows us to draw a square selection that we can then fill with color.

9. Draw a small rectangular selection in the center of the black area of the frame as shown below.

Add a rectangular selection to the image. We will now fill it with the foreground color using the Paint Bucket tool

Draw a small

rectangular selection

10. Click the Paint Bucket tool on the Tools panel and then click inside of the rectangular selection.

Fills the selection with the yellow foreground color.

11. Choose Select > Deselect from the menu.

Deselects the rectangle on our image.

12. Click the Pencil Tool on the Tools panel.

Activates the Pencil tool. EVALUATIO

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What Why

13. Click the Auto Erase check box on the Options Bar to select it and then paint a line inside of the rectangle.

Paints the background color (black) in the square because the square is the same color as the foreground color.

14. Paint a line anywhere outside of the square.

Paints the active foreground color.



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3.7 Using the Clone Stamp Tool

In this lesson, you will learn how to use the Clone Stamp Tool.

he Clone Stamp Tool allows you to copy one portion of an image to another area of the same or different image. The Clone Stamp Tool is especially helpful for touching up photographs such as removing scratches or blemishes. You can even remove people or objects from images by cloning nearby areas and

inserting the cloned area over the objects you wish to remove.

Before sampling your image, you will want to choose a large enough brush size so that the entire area you wish to sample is enclosed within the brush pointer.

Clone

Stamp Tool

To use the Clone Stamp tool, click the Clone Stamp icon on the Tools panel (the 9th icon down - the Clone Stamp Tool shares a space with the Pattern Stamp Tool on the Tools panel). Then, move your brush cursor over the image so that the area you wish to clone is completely enclosed within the brush cursor. Hold down the Option key if using Mac OS or the Alt key if using Windows and click your mouse button. Release the Option or Alt key and then click in the area of your image where you wish to insert the clone. If the clone is not dark enough, you may need to click twice.

If the Aligned check box on the Options Bar is checked, you can reuse the current sample as many times as you wish, regardless of how many times you stop and resume painting. This can help avoid the distortion of your image should you inadvertently release the mouse button while dragging.

The Sample drop-down list on the Options Bar offers you the choices of sampling the Current Layer, Current and Below or All Layers (you will learn more about layers in a

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later lesson). If you are going to retouch layers that are positioned below an Adjustment Layer or layers to which you have applied blending modes, the Current and Below feature can help you attain the effect that you want.

To Use the Clone Stamp Tool

1. Select the Clone Stamp Tool on the Tools panel. 2. Select a large enough brush size from the Brush Preset Picker so that the brush

pointer encloses the entire area you wish to clone. 3. Set the Opacity, Flow, Blend mode and Sample mode if desired. 4. Move your brush pointer over the area you wish to clone. Ensure that the

entire area is enclosed within the brush pointer. 5. Hold down the Option key if using Mac OS or the Alt key if using Windows

and then click with your mouse. 6. Release the Option or Alt key. 7. Click in the area where you wish to place the clone. If the image is not dark

enough, click again until the desired effect is achieved.

Let’s Try It!

What Why



2. Select the file named Clone.psd and then click Open.

Opens the Clone.psd file in Photoshop.

3. Click the Clone Stamp Tool icon on the Tools panel as shown.

Activates the Clone Stamp Tool.

4. Click the Brush Preset Picker arrow and drag the Size slider until about a 115 pixel brush is selected.

Sets the brush size to 115 pixels. EVALUATIO

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What Why

5. Press Return or Enter. Closes the Brush Preset Picker window.

6. Click the Aligned check box on the Options Bar if it is unchecked.

Sets the Aligned option to continue cloning if we release the mouse button.

7. Move your brush pointer over the apple until the apple is enclosed within the brush pointer.

Selects the area we wish to clone.

8. Hold down the Option or Alt key on your keyboard and then click your mouse button.

Samples the portion of the image we want to use.

9. Move your brush cursor about two inches to right of the apple and then click.

Inserts the cloned image.

10. Click your mouse button again. Darkens the image further.

11. Press the V key on your keyboard. Activates the Move tool and deactivates the Clone Stamp Tool.

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3.8 Using the Pattern Stamp Tool

In this lesson, you will learn how to use the Pattern Stamp Tool.

se the Pattern Stamp Tool (which shares a space on the Tools panel with the Clone Stamp Tool) to paint a pattern on your image. You can choose from a preset pattern from the Pattern drop-down list on the Options Bar or you can create your own pattern by using one of the selection tools such as the

Rectangular Marquee tool and then choosing Edit > Define Pattern from the menu. The pattern you create will then be available in the Patterns drop-down list for future use.

Draw a selection around

the area from which you

want to create a pattern

To Use the Pattern Stamp Tool

1. Click the Pattern Stamp Tool on the Tools panel. 2. Select the pattern with which you want to paint from the Pattern drop-down

list on the Options Bar. 3. Set the Opacity, Flow, and Blend mode if desired. 4. Drag the tool on your image to paint with the pattern. 5. To create your own pattern: a. Select the Rectangular Marquee Tool (or another selection tool). b. Draw a selection around the area from which you want to create a pattern. c. Select Edit > Define Pattern from the menu. d. Type a name for your new pattern. e. Click OK. f. Choose Select > Deselect from the menu.

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Let’s Try It!

What Why

1. Select the Rectangular Marquee Tool on the Tools panel.

Activates the Rectangular Marquee tool. We will next draw a selection around the area from which we want to create a pattern.

2. Draw a rectangle around the leaf of one of the apples as shown.

Selects the area for our pattern.

3. Select Edit > Define Pattern from the menu.

Displays the Define Pattern dialog box, prompting us to name our new pattern.

4. Type Leaf in the Pattern Name box and then click OK.

Names our pattern and adds it to the list of available patterns.

5. Press the + D if using Mac OS or Ctrl + D if using Windows keystroke combination.

This is the keystroke equivalent of choosing Select > Deselect from the menu.

6. Select the Pattern Stamp Tool on the Tools panel as shown.

Activates the Pattern Stamp Tool.

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What Why

7. Click the Brush Preset Picker arrow and type in: 80 in the Size box.


8. Press Return or Enter. Closes the Brush Preset Picker.

9. Click on the Patterns drop-down list and choose the Leaf pattern as shown. Press Return or Enter.

Selects the pattern that we created.

1. Click the

Patterns icon

2. Choose the

Leaf pattern

10. Click and drag on the image as shown.

Fills the image around the apples with the pattern that we created.

11. Select File > Close from the menu. Save your changes.

Saves the active document.

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3.9 Using the Dodge and Burn Tools

In this lesson, you will learn how to lighten and darken areas of an image using the Dodge and Burn Tools.

he Dodge and Burn Tools (14th icon down on the Tools panel) are used for lightening and darkening specific areas of an image. The Dodge Tool increases the brightness of the pixels whereas the Burn Tool decreases the brightness of the pixels.

Dodge and Burn

tools

On the Options Bar, you can set the exposure as well as the Range. The range consists of three settings:

Midtones – to change the middle range of grays

Shadows – to change the dark areas

Highlights – to change the light areas

To Use the Dodge and Burn Tools

1. Select the Dodge Tool on the Tools panel to lighten an image. 2. Selects the Burn Tool on the Tools panel to darken an image. 3. Choose the desired brush size from the Brush Preset Picker. 4. Specify the desired Exposure value.

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5. Choose Midtones, Shadows or Highlights from the Range drop-down list. 6. Drag over the area of the image you wish to darken or lighten.

Let’s Try It!

What Why



2. Select the file named Pepper.jpg and then click Open.

Opens the Pepper.jpg file in Photoshop.

3. Click the Dodge Tool icon on the Tools panel as shown.

Activates the Dodge Tool.

4. Click the Brush Preset Picker drop-down arrow and change the brush size to 19 pixels. Press Return or Enter.

Chooses the brush size we wish to use.

5. Drag the brush over the green area of the pepper

Lightens the area as you drag over the image.

6. Click the Burn Tool icon on the Tools panel.

Activates the Burn Tool icon.

7. Drag the brush over the green area of the pepper.

Darkens the area as you drag over the image.

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3.10 Using the Sponge Tool

In this lesson, you will learn how to modify color saturation in an image using the Sponge Tool.

he Sponge Tool, which shares a space on the Tools panel with the Dodge and Burn tools, is used to subtly modify the color saturation in areas of an image. From the Options Bar, choose Saturate from the Mode box to bring out the color in an image or Desaturate to soften the colors.

The Sponge

Tool

To adjust the strength of the correction, choose a setting from the Flow drop-down list.

To Use the Sponge Tool

1. Select the Sponge Tool on the Tools panel. 2. Choose the desired brush size from the Brush Preset Picker. 3. Click the Mode drop-down arrow and select Saturate to intensify the color

saturation or Desaturate to diminish the color saturation. 4. Choose the desired value from the Flow drop-down list. 5. Drag over the area of the image you want to modify.

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Let’s Try It!

What Why

1. Click the original image state in the History panel as shown.

Returns to the original image state.

2. Click the Sponge Tool on the Tools panel.

Activates the Sponge Tool.

3. Click the Mode drop-down arrow on the Options Bar and select Saturate.

Sets the option to increase the intensity of the color saturation.

4. Drag the brush over the green area of the pepper a couple of times.

Increases the color’s saturation. EVALUATIO

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What Why

5. Click the Mode drop-down arrow on the Options Bar and select Desaturate.

Sets the option to mute the intensity of the color saturation.

6. Drag the brush over the green area of the pepper a couple of times.

Decreases the color’s saturation.


Saves and closes the file.

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3.11 Using the Healing Brush Tool

In this lesson, you will learn how to repair an image using the Healing Brush Tool.

he Healing Brush Tool allows you to correct imperfections in an image. The Healing Brush Tool is similar to the Clone Stamp Tool except that it will match the texture, lighting and shading of the source area of the image with the destination area of the sample, creating a much more realistic looking touch-up.

This tool is great for removing unwanted blemishes, wrinkles, pimples, etc. from photographs.

Healing Brush

Tool

On the Options Bar, you can choose the brush size, blending mode and whether to use the sampled area as the source or a pattern. As with the other retouching tools, you can also choose the desired Sample mode: Current Layer, Current & Below or All Layers. Additionally, you can use the same source point over and over by checking the Aligned check box.

To Use the Healing Brush Tool

1. Select the Healing Brush Tool on the Tools panel. 2. Select the desired brush size so that the area to be changed fits inside of the

enclosed area of the brush pointer. 3. Select the desired Blending Mode. 4. Select Sampled as the source. 5. Click the Aligned check box to use the same source area more than once. 6. Click the Sample drop-down list and choose which layers you wish to sample

from.

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7. Position your brush pointer over the source area. 8. Hold down the Option key if using Mac OS or the Alt key if using Windows

and click your mouse button. 9. Position your brush cursor over the area you want to repair. 10. Click and drag over the area to be repaired.

Tip: To use a pattern as the source, click the Pattern radio button and choose the pattern you wish to use from the Pattern drop-down list. Then, click and drag over the area to be repaired

Let’s Try It!

What Why



2. Select the file named Soldier_gray.jpg and then click Open.

Opens the Soldier_gray.jpg file in Photoshop.

3. Click the Healing Brush Tool on the Tools panel as shown.

Activates the Healing Brush Tool. We are first going to correct the two white blemishes to the left of the man’s hat.

4. Press the left bracket key ( ] ) until 20 is displayed in the Brush Preset Picker box on the Options Bar.

Sets the brush size to 20 pixels. Using the left and right bracket keys is another way to increase/decrease brush size. EVALU

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What Why

5. Click the Aligned checkbox to uncheck it if it is checked.

Preserves the source point so we can repair more than one area using the same source.

6. Move the brush pointer directly above the two white blemishes as shown.

Sets the source area (with which we will repair the blemishes).

7. Hold down the Option or Alt key and then click your mouse button. Release the Option or Alt key.

Samples the undamaged area we want to use for our source point.

8. Click on the first blemish. Replaces the first blemish with the sample point.

9. Click on the second blemish. Replaces the second blemish with the sample point.

10. Click and drag over the two black blemishes above the soldier’s left shoulder as shown below.

Replaces the black blemishes with the sample point.

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What Why

11. Click the Brush Preset Picker arrow and type 10 in the Size box. Press Return or Enter.


12. Position your brush pointer to the right of the white blemish on the man’s forehead as shown below.

Sets the source area which we will use to heal the white blemish.

Click to the

right of the

white blemish

13. Hold down the Option or Alt key and then click your mouse button. Release the Option or Alt key.

Samples the undamaged area we want to use for our source point.

14. Click on the white blemish on the man’s forehead.

Repairs the damaged area with the sampled area.

15. Click on the white blemish underneath the man’s right eye.

Repairs the damaged area with the previously sampled area.

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What Why

16. Click on the white blemish to the right of the man’s right eye.

Repairs the damaged area with the previously sampled area.

17. Select File > Save from the menu. Saves the file.

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3.12 Using the Spot Healing Brush

Tool

In this lesson, you will learn how to repair an image using the Spot Healing Brush Tool.

he Spot Healing Brush Tool works like the Healing Brush Tool except that it does not require you to designate a source by Option or Alt-Clicking. It automatically samples the text of the area near where you want to repair and matches the target area to the surrounding area. This tool is best in areas where

there is a consistent color and texture. To clone an area just outside the edge of the cursor where you are repairing, choose Proximity Match from the Options Bar. If there is a lot of varied detail surrounding the image, use the Create Texture setting which will direct Photoshop to create its own texture by combining all of the characteristics of the pixels in the brush area.

Spot Healing

Brush Tool

Another handy setting on the Options Bar is the Content-Aware feature. With Content-Aware activated, you can easily remove items such as phone wires, poles, unwanted branches or even people from images. Simply drag over the item and Photoshop will fill in the image with surrounding pixels.

Many photographers find the Spot Healing Brush tool especially helpful at removing spots (often caused by dust or dirt on a lens) from an image.

To Use the Spot Healing Brush Tool

1. Select the Spot Healing Brush Tool on the Tools panel.

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2. Select the desired brush size so that the area to be changed fits inside of the enclosed area of the brush pointer.

3. Select the desired Blending Mode. 4. Select the desired Type setting. 5. Position your brush cursor over the area you want to repair. 6. Click and drag over the area to be repaired.

Let’s Try It!

What Why



2. Select the file named Lighted-house.jpg and then click Open.

Opens the Lighted-house.jpg file in Photoshop.

3. Select the Spot Healing Brush Tool on the Tools panel as shown.

Activates the Spot Healing Brush Tool.

4. Click the Brush Preset Picker arrow and type 250 in the Size box. Press Return or Enter.


5. Ensure that the Content-Aware radio button in the Options Bar is selected and that the Mode is set to Normal.

Ensures that the content-aware option is activated and Mode is set to Normal. This will remove an item and fill in the area with surrounding pixels.

6. Drag over the mailbox in the image as shown below.

Completely removes the mailbox from the image.

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What Why

Drag around the

mailbox with your

cursor


Saves and closes the file. The Soldier_gray file becomes the active file.

8. Click the Brush Preset Picker arrow and type 22 in the Size box. Press Return.


9. Click the Proximity Match radio button in the Options Bar so that it is selected.

This option will use the pixels just outside the edge of the cursor to fix the blemish.

10. Move the brush pointer directly over the dark blemish below the soldier’s right pocket and click.

Removes the blemish by matching the texture of the pixels to the surrounding area.

Click on the

blemish below the

soldier’s pocket

11. Click the Brush Preset Picker arrow and type 13 in the diameter box. Press Return.

Sets the brush size to 13 pixels. EVALUATIO

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What Why

12. Click on each of the dark blemishes on the Soldier’s hat. If you are not satisfied with the result, click again in the same area.

Removes the blemish by matching the texture of the pixels to the surrounding area.

13. Select File > Save from the menu. Saves the file.

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3.13 Using the Patch Tool

In this lesson, you will learn how to repair an image using the Patch Tool.

he Patch Tool, which shares a space on the Tools panel with the Healing Brush Tool, allows you to repair one area with pixels from another area using a selection. Like the Healing Brush Tool, the Patch Tool matches the texture, lighting and shading of the source area of the image with the destination area of

the sample. However, the Patch Tool differs in that you are not sampling a specific pixel, but a selected area.

When the Patch Tool is activated, draw a selection around the area you wish to repair. Then, click in the center of the selection and drag it to the area you wish to use to repair the selected area. If you wish to use the Content-Aware technology (which will change the pixels inside of the selection), click the Patch drop-down list in the Options Bar and choose Content-Aware from the menu.

The Patch Tool is especially helpful for repairing scratches and tears or removing the date or time in a scanned photograph.

Patch Tool

To Use the Patch Tool

1. Select the Patch Tool on the Tools panel. 2. Ensure that the Source check box is checked on the Options Bar Or

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If you prefer to use the Content-Aware feature, click the Patch drop-down list on the Options bar and choose Content-Aware from the list.

3. Draw a selection marquee around the area you wish to repair. 4. Click inside the marquee selection and drag it to the area that will be used to

repair the damaged area. 5. Release the mouse button.

Tip: If you’re not satisfied with the results of the Patch tool, try use the Content-Aware feature.

Let’s Try It!

What Why

1. Select the Patch Tool on the Tools panel.

Activates the Patch Tool.

2. Draw a selection around the white scratch next to the man’s ear as shown below.

Draws a marquee selection around the area we wish to repair.

Draw a

selection

around the

white scratch

EVALUATIO

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What Why

3. Click inside of the selection and drag about 1/2-inch to the right as shown below. Release the mouse button.

The Patch Tool corrects the damaged area.

Click inside the

selection and

drag ½-inch to

the right

4. Choose Select > Deselect from the menu.

Deselects the marquee selection.

5. Select File >Close from the menu. Save your changes.


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3.14 Using Content-Aware Fill

In this lesson, you will learn how to use the Content-Aware Fill feature.

ontent-Aware Fill is another method of removing items from an image by filling a selection with surrounding pixels. This feature allows you to be more precise by creating a selection around an area in an image that you want to fill. Not only will this feature remove an unwanted area of an image, it will also

intelligently patch the surrounding area so that it matches the rest of the image; that is to say, it is aware of the area surrounding the object -- it analyzes the area surrounding the object and fills it based upon the content. The Fill feature is located on the Edit Menu (Edit > Fill). From the Fill dialog box, you then choose Content-Aware from the Use drop-down list.

Once you have made your selection, you can expand the selection by including more background by choosing Select > Modify > Expand from the menu and then entering the amount pixels in the box.

To Use Content-Aware Fill

1. Activate one of the selection tools such as the Lasso or Rectangular Marquee Tool.

2. To expand the background, choose Select > Modify > Expand from the menu and enter the number of pixels in the box.

3. Choose Edit > Fill from the menu. 4. Click the Use drop-down list and choose Content-Aware. 5. Click OK. 6. If the area didn’t fill perfectly, use the Clone Stamp Tool or the Spot Healing

Brush to repair the area.

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Let’s Try It!

What Why



2. Select the file named truck_with_kayaks and then click Open.

Opens the truck_with_kayaks.jpg file in Photoshop.

3. Press the M key on your keyboard. Activates the Rectangular Marquee Tool (the second tool down on the Tools panel). We will work with Marquee tools more in a later lesson.

4. Draw a selection around the piece of wood on the image as shown.

Selects the area we want to remove and fill with the surrounding background.

Draw a selection

around the piece

of wood

5. Choose Select > Modify > Expand from the menu as shown below.

Displays the Expand Selection dialog box.

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What Why

Choose Select >

Modify > Expand

6. Type: 4 in the box and then click OK.

Expands the selection outward by 4 pixels. If your image is lower resolution, try expanding by 5 to 10 pixels.

7. Select Edit > Fill from the menu. Displays the Fill dialog box.

8. Click the Use drop-down list and choose Content-Aware as shown below.

Sets the Fill setting to Content-Aware.

Select Content-

Aware from the Use

drop-down list

9. Click OK. Fills the selected area with the background. EVALUATIO

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What Why

10. Press the +D keystroke combination if using Mac OS or Ctrl + D if using Windows.

Deselects the selection.



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3.15 Using the Color Replacement

Tool

In this lesson, you will learn how to use the Color Replacement Tool.

he Color Replacement Tool, located under the Brush and Pencil tool group on the Tools panel, allows you to sample a color from an anchor point and paint over a color in your image with the sampled color. Before the introduction of the Red Eye tool, an excellent use for the Color Replacement tool was repairing

Red Eye in images.

Color

Replacement Tool

If you are working with a bitmap, indexed or multichannel color mode, you will need to convert your image to another mode such as RGB as the Color Replacement tool does not work in these modes.

To Use the Color Replacement Tool

1. Select the Color Replacement Tool on the Tools panel. 2. Set the desired brush type and size. 3. Select Contiguous, Discontiguous or Find Edges from the Limits drop-

down list. 4. Enter the desired tolerance. 5. Set the foreground color to the color you want to use as the replacement color. 6. Drag over the color you want to replace.

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Let’s Try It!

What Why

1. Select File > Open from the menu. Displays the Open dialog box.

2. Select the file named Red_Eye.jpg and then click Open.

Opens the Red_Eye.jpg file in Photoshop.

3. Click the Zoom Tool on the Tools panel.

Activates the Zoom Tool. We want to enlarge the area of the image we are going to fix.

Zoom Tool

4. Click on the image, between the man’s eyes.

Zooms in on the eyes.


Displays the Color Picker. From here, we set the replacement color. Typically, black is a good choice although you choose colors to more closely match the person’s eye color.

6. In the R, G, B boxes, type: 0 in each box and then click OK.

Sets black as the foreground color.

7. Select the Color Replacement Tool on the Tools panel as shown.

Activates the Color Replacement Tool.

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What Why

8. Click the Tolerance drop-down list and drag the slider to a value of 30%.

Sets the tolerance. The lower the tolerance, the more particular the Color Replacement Tool is.

9. Click the Brush Preset Picker arrow and type 5 in the Size box.

Sets a brush of 5 pixels. Typically, your brush tip should be smaller than the area you are fixing.

10. Click the Sampling: Continuous button to the right of the mode box as shown below.

With Sampling set to continuous, you can repair more than one area with the sampled color.

Click the “Sampling

Continuous” button

11. Ensure that Contiguous is selected in the Limits box.

A Contiguous Limit will repair only the color in an enclosed area.

12. Position the cross of your mouse pointer on the red area of the right eye and drag around the pupil as shown below to change the color of the red to black.

Dragging will color in the red with the replacement color.

Drag on the red

area of the eye


Activates the Zoom Tool. EVALU

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What Why

14. Hold down the Option or Alt key and click on the image.

Zooms out on the image. The red should be completely removed from the man’s right eye.

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3.16 Using the Red Eye Tool

In this lesson, you will learn how to fix red eye with the Red Eye Tool.

welcome feature in Photoshop is the Red Eye Tool. It allows you to quickly and easily remove red eye from photos with one click. Simply center the Red Eye cursor over the red portion in the image and click. If the darkening effect spills over too much into the surrounding area, reduce the percentage of the

Pupil Size on the Options Bar. If the pupil appears too dark, lower the Darken Amount percentage. The Red Eye Tool shares space on the Tools panel with the Spot Healing Brush Tool, Healing Brush Tool and the Patch Tool.

Red Eye

Tool

To Use Red EyeTool

1. Select the Red Eye Tool on the Tools panel. 2. Center the cursor over the red portion of the eye and click. 3. If correction is not satisfactory, modify the Pupil Size and Darken Amount

settings on the Options Bar.

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Let’s Try It!

What Why

1. Click the Zoom Tool on the Tools panel and click on the man’s left eye until the zoom percentage is about 300%.

Zoom in on the image.

2. Click the Red Eye Tool on the Tools panel as shown.

Activates the Red Eye tool.

3. Position the cross of your mouse pointer in the center of the red area of the left eye and click your mouse button.

Replaces the red in the eye area with black.

Position mouse

pointer in center

of red area


Activates the Zoom Tool. EVALUATIO

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What Why

5. Hold down the Option or Alt key and click on the image three times.

Zooms out on the image. The red should be completely removed from the man’s eye.


Saves and closes the image file.

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Lesson Summary – Drawing & Editing Tools

In this lesson, we learned how to make a copy of a selection and insert it into the same document or into a different document. We learned how to make a selection using the Rectangular Marquee tool.

Next, we learned that we can undo multiple actions or states with the History panel. We learned how to take snapshots of specific states of an image. We also learned how to delete states, create a new document from the current state and how to switch modes from linear to non-linear.

Then, we worked with the History Brush Tool. You learned that this tool allows you to use any state on the History panel, including a snapshot, as a way of painting back any areas of your image to a prior state.

Then, we worked with the Magic Eraser Tool to remove the color from an image. We also worked with the opacity and tolerance options of the Magic Eraser Tool.

Next, we learned how to remove the background color from an image while retaining the foreground color by using the Background Eraser Tool.

Then, we worked with the Pencil Tool. We learned that the pencil tool can only draw hard edges, unlike the Brush Tool which can draw smooth and transparent edges. We learned about the Pencil Tool’s Auto Erase feature which allows us to paint the background color on areas containing the foreground color.

We then learned how to use the Clone Stamp Tool to copy one portion of an image to another area of the same or different image.

Then, we worked with the Pattern Stamp Tool to paint a pattern on an image. We learned that we can create our own pattern or use one of Photoshop’s preset patterns.

Next, we worked with the Dodge Tool to increase the brightness of pixels in an image and the Burn Tool to decrease the brightness of the pixels.

Next, we learned how to increase or decrease the color saturation in an image by using the Sponge Tool.

Next, we used the Healing Brush Tool to correct imperfections in an image by matching the texture, lighting and shading of the source area of the image with the destination area of the sample.

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Next, we worked with the Spot Healing Brush Tool, which works like the Healing Brush Tool except that it does not require you to designate a source by Option-Clicking or Alt-Clicking. It automatically samples the text of the area near where you want to repair and matches the target area to the surrounding area.

Next, we used the Patch Tool to repair one area on an image with pixels from another area using a selection.

Next, we used Content-Aware Fill to replace a selected area of an image with the nearby pixels. We learned that it analyzes the area surrounding the selection and intelligently fills it based upon the image content.

Next, we learned how to use the Color Replacement Tool to remove red eye from an image. This tool allows you to take a color sample and paint over a color in your image with the sampled color.

Lastly, we worked with the Red Eye Tool to remove red eye from an image with one click of the mouse.

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Lesson 3 Quiz

1. Which type of tool is ideal for copying a selection and inserting it into a different document?

A. The Copy and Paste tools B. The Pen and Brush Tools C. The Selection Marquee Tools D. The Magic Wand Tools

2. By default, how many states will the History panel save?

3. If you delete a state from the History panel: A. Only that state will be deleted. B. All states above and including the selected state will be deleted. C. You will lose all changes to your image. D. All states below and including the selected state will be deleted.

4. What tool can be used remove all of the same color from an image? A. Color Erase Tool B. Background Eraser tool C. Magic Eraser Tool D. Pattern Stamp Tool

5. You have an image with a white background but upon reflection, you decide that you would prefer a transparent background. What tool can accomplish this?

6. You want to sample one part of an image and copy it to another area of the same

image. What is the best tool to use? A. Clone Stamp B. Sampling Tool C. Rectangular Marquee Tool D. Pattern Stamp Tool

7. You can create your own patterns in addition to the preset patterns that come with Photoshop.

A. True B. False

8. Which tool allows you to correct imperfections in an image by taking a sample of one area of your image and applying it to the destination area?

A. Dodge Tool B. Healing Brush Tool

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C. The Eyedropper Tool D. The Magical Healing Brush Tool

9. What tool allows you to correct imperfections in an image without needing to first take a sample?

10. The Burn tool is used for lightening specific areas of an image and the Dodge tool is

used for darkening specific areas of an image. A. True B. False

11. Which two tools were used in this chapter to correct Red Eye in an image? Which tool is the easiest to use?

12. Which tool might you use to repair scratches or tears in a photograph? A. Burn Tool B. Scratch Tool C. Pattern Stamp Tool D. Patch Tool

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1. Open the file named Lab3.jpg. Activate the Rectangular Marquee Tool and draw a selection around the edges of the photo so that the white border is outside of the selection. Select Edit > Copy from the menu. Create a New document with a white background, sized 640 x 480. Paste the selection into the new document.

2. Lighten the man’s clothes using the Dodge Tool. Darken the man’s hat using the Burn Tool.

3. Using the Clone Stamp Tool, remove the black scratches on the left side of the photo.

4. Use Content-Aware Fill to remove the white scratch on the hood of the truck.

5. Use the Patch Tool to repair the crease on top of the photograph.

6. Save the file as My_Lab_3.jpg. Close the file.

7. Close the Lab_3.jpg file. Do not save any changes.

8. Open the file named William_B.jpg. Activate the Background Eraser Tool. Set your brush size to 80 and set the Tolerance to 1%. Erase the background outside of the sign.

9. Set the foreground color to RGB Yellow (R: 255, G: 255, B:0). Activate the Pencil Tool and set your brush size to 5 pixels. Underline the word: last in the image. Change the foreground color to RGB Red (R: 255, G: 0, B: 0). Underline the words: another heaven and another earth in the image.

10. Save and close the file.

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L E S S O N 4 – W O R K I N G W I T H S E L E C T I O N S


Lesson 4 - Working with Selections

Lesson Topics:

4.1 Using the Marquee Tools

4.2 Using the Lasso Tools

4.3 Using the Paste Into Command

4.4 Using the Magic Wand Tool

4.5 Using the Quick Selection Tool

4.6 Using the Crop Tool

4.7 Feathering Selections

4.8 Modifying Selections

4.9 Transforming Selections

4.10 Saving and Opening Selections

Lesson

4

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L E S S O N 4 – W O R K I N G W I T H S E L E C T I O N S


4.1 Using the Marquee Tools

In this lesson, you will learn how to make selections with the Marquee Tools.

election Tools in Photoshop allow you to select an area of an image for editing. When an area is selected, Photoshop displays a dotted outline around the selected area. Selection tools packaged with Photoshop include the Marquee Tools, the Lasso Tools, the Magic Wand Tool, the Quick Selection Tool and the Crop

Tool. When an area of an image is selected with one of the selection tools, any editing that you apply (colors, filters, etc.) will be applied only to the selected area. To deselect a

selection, choose Select > Deselect from the menu or press the + D keystroke combination if using Mac OS or Ctrl + D if using Windows.

Marquee

Tools

Crop Tool

The Marquee Tools are located in the first row, first column of the Tools panel and contain the following tools:

Rectangular Marquee Tool – allows you to create a square or rectangular marquee selection. Hold down the Option or Alt key to create the selection from the center out rather than from a corner and hold down the Shift key to create a perfect square.

Elliptical Marquee Tool – allows you to create an oval or circular marquee selection. Hold down the Option or Alt key to create the selection from the center out and hold down the Shift key to create a perfect circle.

Single Row and Single Column Marquee Tools – allows you create a horizontal or vertical border selection that is 1 pixel wide.

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photoshop cc level 1 evaluation

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