pick 1 - an introduction course 409. pick 1 - an introduction ken r. hall, ph.d. hyland technology...
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PICK 1 - An Introduction
Course 409
PICK 1 - An Introduction
Ken R. Hall, Ph.D.Hyland Technology Group, Inc.
Portland, Oregon
503-702-7841
Speaker’s Qualifications
• Ken Hall has over 25 years experience developing applications in PICK, Universe, and Unidata.
• Ken developed applications for mail order, manufacturing, leasing, publishing, and distribution businesses.
• Ken was the I.T. Manager & software developer for a major wholesale distributor which used customized SHIMS.
Learning Objectives
• As a result of this presentation, you will:– Increase your understanding of PICK and its
architecture– Understand PICK multi-dimensional data storage– Be able to use Universe built-in HELP– Be introduced to tools used to display and edit data– Be able to display dictionaries of data files– See the power of data retrieval using LIST or SORT
Presentation Agenda
• The Multi-Dimensional Structure of PICK– Accounts, VOC, FILEs, DICTs, records, fields, and
multi-values
• PICK programming environment• Universe HELP command• Displaying PICK data by record ID• DICT and DATA records• Formatting data output using DICT items• Introducing tools to display or modify records
– CT, ED, LIST, SORT
View of PICK Database
U VUniverse M aster Account
D _C U S T O M E RDictionary
Field Definitions for Custom er
1000Ace P lumbing Co.
N A M ECustom er's Name
L IN E 1Address Line 1
L IN E 2Address Line 2
A D D R E S SStreet Address Line(s)
C ity
1001ABC Plum bing Co.
C U STO M ERData File
XYZShim s Application Account
FTB PProgram File
AC C U TER MAccuterm Application Account
XYZ D istributors System
Files =>
Fields =>
Multiple Values =>
Records =>
DICT =>
What is unusual about PICK data storage?
• Data are stored in a hierarchy of elements– Accounts, Files, Records, Fields, Values, etc.
• PICK is multi-dimensional– Each Value may contain one or more sub-
values– Associated fields can store related multi-
values– Each of the multi-values can store multiple
sub-values
C u s to m e r N o .1 001
D e sc rip tion1 /4 " bo lt
O rde red1 00
S h ipp ed85
D a te S h ipp ed9 /8 /20 06
B a ck O rde red15
P ro d uc t N o .1 002
D e sc rip tion1 /2 " b o lt
O rde red5 00
S h ipp ed1 00
S h ipp ed2 00
S h ipp ed2 00
D a te S h ipp ed9 /20 /2 006
D a te S h ipp ed9 /14 /2 006
D a te S h ipp ed9 /8 /20 06
B a ck O rde red0
B a ck O rde red1 00
B a ck O rde red3 00
P ro d uc t N o .1 005
P ro du c ts O rde reda M u lt i-va lu e d S e t
O rd er D a te9 /01 /2 006
D a te R e qu ired9 /25 /2 006
O rder N o.5001
A multi-dimensional Order
Fields
Sets of Multiple Values
Multiple Sub-Values
1 2
1
2
3
The multi-dimensional structure of PICK and UniVerse
• PICK’s Hierarchical data structure– A PICK Database contains Accounts– An Account contains Files– A File contains Records– A Record contains Fields or Attributes
• An SQL data base contains one value per field per record
– A Field contains one or more values (multi-values)– Each Value may contain one or more sub-values
PICK Programming Environment
• TCL – the command line
• Procedure Files – PROC and Paragraphs– Scripts that store repeated procedures and
menus
• BASIC programs – BP and BP.O files– Database aware programming language– Used for Screen display and data entry– Batch processing
Files - Dictionaries and Data
• Files consist of 2 related elements– A data file - e.g. CUSTOMER
• Stores individual records for each customer
– A dictionary file e.g D_CUSTOMER• Stores DICT items that define the fields of the CUSTOMER
records
• Both DICT and DATA files have records stored by unique keys or IDs
• DICT items are used to display and format data records
TCL – command line processing
• To begin TCL processing, type END at menu prompt and password
• The Universe TCL prompt character “>” appears
>
Enter “HELP” and hit Enter key to display Universe built in HELP.
>HELP
Universe HELP + List of entries from SYS.HELP,SYS.HELP + | ( ... ) | | * | | -CANCEL | | -L | | -LIST | | -SPOOL | | -XREF | | .A | | .C | | .D | | .I | | .L | | .R | | .S | | .U | | .X | | <<...>> | | ? | | @ASSOC_ROW | | A | +-----------+ Page Down +----------+ |? | +------------------------------------------+
>HELP
Using Help
• “HELP” by itself yields list of commands– Use Arrow keys to scroll through the list to
find command– Use “ESC” key to escape from HELP– “Page UP” or “Page Down” moves through
HELP screens– Hit <Enter> to select highlighted command
• HELP <command> displays help for that command (as if selected above)
Displaying PICK data
• Use LIST command to list records in File– LIST <filename>– Lists records in file in stored order showing ID
• Use SORT command to list records in sorted order– SORT <filename> BY <fieldname>– List records in file sorted by <fieldname> by ID
• How do you find a <fieldname>?
Listing Files in an Account• Use command LISTF to list files in this account
– Displays listing to the screen by default>LISTF
FILES in your vocabulary 03:27:31pm 01 Oct 2006 Page 1
Filename........................... Pathname...................... Type Modulo
DICT &SAVEDLISTS& D_&SAVEDLISTS& 3 1DATA &SAVEDLISTS& &SAVEDLISTS& 1
DICT ACCUTERMCTRL D_ACCUTERMCTRL 18 3DATA ACCUTERMCTRL ACCUTERMCTRL 18 3
DICT CUST.SAMPLE D_CUST.SAMPLE 18 1DATA CUST.SAMPLE CUST.SAMPLE 18 3
DICT CUST.SAMPLE.CTRL D_CUST.SAMP001 18 3DATA CUST.SAMPLE.CTRL CUST.SAMP001 18 3
DICT CUST.SAMPLE.XREF D_CUST.SAMP000 18 3DATA CUST.SAMPLE.XREF CUST.SAMP000 18 3Press any key to continue...
End of screen Prompt
• Responding to: Press any key to continue…– Hit <Enter> key to go to next screen of data– Hit “Q” key to quit display and go to TCL
• NOTE: “Q” at TCL logs you OFF the system
Field Definitions stored in DICTionary of File
• LIST DICT <filename> to display listing of field definitions for a file
• LIST DICT <filename> (P) sends listing to the default printer
List Customer Dictionary
>LIST DICT CUSTOMER
DICT CUSTOMER 02:44:54pm 01 Oct 2006 Page 1
Field......... Type & Field........ Conversion.. Column......... Output Depth &Name.......... Field. Definition... Code........ Heading........ Format Assoc.. Number
CUST.NO A 0 CUSTOMER 6R M NUMBER@ID D 0 CUST.SAMPLE 10L SCITY.STATE.ZIP S 0 A;N(CITY):", CITY/STATE/ZIP 30L M ":N(STATE):" ":N(ZIP)SERVICE.DATE A 1 D2/ SERVICE 8L M DATENAME A 2 25L MADDRESS.1 A 3 ADDRESS 25L M LINE ONEADDRESS.2 A 4 ADDRESS 25L M LINE TWOCITY A 5 15L MSTATE A 6 2L MZIP A 7 ZIP 10L M CODE
Press any key to continue...
Displaying field data
• By using field names in LIST or SORT, you can display data in columnar format– LIST CUSTOMER NAME CITY STATE
>LIST CUSTOMER NAME CITY STATE
LIST CUSTOMER NAME CITY STATE 02:46:58pm 01 Oct 2006 PAGE 1CUST.SAMPLE NAME..................... CITY........... STATE
1002 Alfreds Futterkiste Berlin GERMA NY1005 Around the Horn London1008 Blondel pere et fils Strasbourg1017 Consolidated Holdings1011 Bottom-Dollar Markets Tsawassen BC1014 Centro comercial Moctezum Mexico D.F. a1020 Du monde entier Nantes1041 Island Trading1023 Familia Arquibaldo Sao Paulo SP1029 Franchi S.p.A. Torino
Press any key to continue...
Displaying Sorted Data>SORT CUSTOMER WITH COUNTRY "Mexico" "France" BY COUNTRY BY NAME NAME CITY COUNTRY
SORT CUSTOMER WITH COUNTRY "Mexico" "France" BY COUNTRY BY NAME NAME CITY COUNTRY 03:14:37pm 01 Oct 2006 PAGE 1CUST.SAMPLE NAME..................... CITY........... COUNTRY...
1008 Blondel pere et fils Strasbourg France1010 Bon app' Marseille France1020 Du monde entier Nantes France1025 Folies gourmandes Lille France1028 France restauration Nantes France1044 La corne d'abondance Versailles France1081 Specialites du monde Paris France1092 Victuailles en stock Lyon France1093 Vins et alcools Chevalier Reims France1003 Ana Trujillo Emparedados Mexico D.F. Mexico y helados1004 Antonio Moreno Taqueria Mexico D.F. Mexico1014 Centro comercial Moctezum Mexico D.F. Mexico a1065 Pericles Comidas clasicas Mexico D.F. Mexico1088 Tortuga Restaurante Mexico D.F. Mexico
Press any key to continue...
Use “CT” to Display Raw Data
• CT <filename> <recordid> displays raw data as it is stored
>CT CUSTOMER 1008
10080001 122900002 Blondel pere et fils0003 24, place Kleber00040005 Strasbourg00060007 670000008 88.60.15.310009 Frederique Citeaux0010001100120013 France0014 88.60.15.32>
Use “ED” to Edit Raw Data
• ED <filename> <recordid> starts the editor that modifies a record in a file– Be very careful using the editor– You can use it to change or delete records– Misuse can corrupt your data or the
system– Use “HELP ED” to get preliminary help– In ED use “HELP” to get help– USE “EX” to exit help without filing record
Summary
• You were introduced to PICK, a Multi-dimensional database
• PICK is made up of Accounts with Files with Records with Fields with Multi-Values
• TCL, the command line, lets you do ad hoc reports with LIST or SORT
• Dictionaries define the Fields in a File• CT can be used to display raw data• ED is available to modify raw data
Q & A
