pilchuck's ehv-1 client education seminar

8/6/2019 Pilchuck's EHV-1 Client Education Seminar

1/18

The Facts:

Equine Herpes Virus (EHV-1)

Wendy Mollat, DVMBoard Certified Large Animal Internal Medicine


2/18

Equine Herpes Virus-1

Rhinopneumonitis, Rhino

Widespread within horse population

Three clinical presentations:

Respiratory disease

Abortion

Neurological disease


3/18

Most horses infected by 2

years of age

Virus has dormant state

within horse

Reactivated during timesof stress

Transmission of EHV-1

Latently

Infected HorseStress

Virus ReactivationLatency Established

Infection of Foal/Adult Horse

Infection of Other Foals/Adult Horses

Equine Herpes Virus-1


4/18

Respiratory Disease

Common among weanlings and yearlings

Mild fever, cough, nasal dischargeClear initially, may progress to thicker

and yellow

Incubation period 2-10 days


5/18

Abortion

Most are late term (7-9 months of

gestation)

Respiratory transmission

Fetal tissue and fluids are infectious


6/18

Neurological Disease

Clinical signs commonly reported are:

Fever

Hind-end weakness - paralysis

Incoordination

Decreased tail and anal tone

Inability to urinate or defecate


7/18

Neurological Disease

First outbreak Findlay, Ohio (2003)

Genetic mutation of virus

More severe and widespread disease

Increased mortality

Multiple outbreaks nationally sinceOregon/Washington 2008


8/18

Current Outbreak

$ $ $ $ $

State # Horses

exposed

in Ogden,

UT

# Horses

secondarily

exposed

# EHV-1

Suspect

Cases

# EHV-1

Confirmed

Cases

# EHM

Suspect

Cases

# EHM

Confirmed

Cases

# Dead or

Euthanized

Arizona "#! "$! %! %! %! %! #!

California &'! (! %! &! %! &! #!

Colorado )%! *+! #,! $! %! "! "!

Idaho )*! #'! #)! %! )! #! "!

Illinois #! ,! %! %! %! %! %!

Iowa &! &)! %! %! %! %! %!Minnesota #,! (! %! %! %! %! %!

Montana #$! #! #! %! %! %! %!

Nebraska $! (! %! %! %! %! %!

Nevada $! +! )! %! %! %! %!

New Mexico ,! (! )! #! #! #! #!

Oklahoma #! )"! %! %! #! %! %!

Oregon "%! #"%! %! "! %! %! %!

South Dakota '! (! %! %! %! %! %!

Texas "*! )")! (! (! #! #! %!

Utah (! (! #! &! "! ! %!

Washington )'! %! %! #! '! "! %!

Wyoming #$! )'! #! %! %! %! %!

Total !"#$ %#&$ '($ )($ ()$ ()$ *$

USDA-APHIS May 19, 2011


9/18

Current Outbreak

State # Exposed Premises # Exposed premises with

suspect or confirmedEHV/EHM cases

# Exposed premises

with no suspect orconfirmed cases

Arizona ""! "! "#!

California $! %! $!

Colorado "#! %! &!

Idaho '(! %! ")!

Illinois "! #! "!

Iowa '! #! '!

Minnesota )! #! )!

Montana $! "! $!

Nebraska (! #! (!

Nevada )! '! *!

New Mexico %! '! $!

Oklahoma "! "! #!

Oregon "%! '! "&!

South Dakota '! #! '!

Texas "%! '! "&!

Utah $! (! $!

Washington '%! )! "+!

Wyoming &(! "! &'!

Total !"#$ #%$ !#%$


10/18

Actions

State veterinarians notified of horsesexposed at the Utah show

Facilities with exposed horses in

Washington State on voluntary quarantine

26 premises quarantined in Washington

National monitoring by AAEP and USDA-APHIS


11/18

Herpes Virus Transmission

Stress of transport and showing/racing

can trigger nasal shedding

Virus present in respiratory secretionsDirect horse-horse contact

Contaminated equipment (bits, buckets,

leads, etc) and hands

ALL horses have the potential to shed virus


12/18

Prevention

GOOD BIOSECURITY

Vaccination

Immunomodulators


13/18

Vaccination

Vaccines available for reducing theseverity of EHV-1 respiratory disease

and preventing abortion

No vaccine tested for mitigating EHV-1neurological disease

AAEP recommendations

Every 3-4 months based upon risk

Broodmares at 5, 7, 9 months gestation


14/18

Immunomodulators

Zylexis

Killed Parapox ovis virus

Stimulated horses immune system to aid in

reduction of respiratory disease caused by

EHV-1 and EHV-4


15/18

BIOSECURITY

Isolate all incoming horses for 2-3 weeks

Take temperature twice daily for

minimum 14 days

Disinfect all feed or water buckets and

equipment between horses

Do not put allow hose nozzle to contactwater or bucket


16/18

Disinfection

Clean the surface

Bleach 1:10 solutionRinse three times before using item


17/18

Controlling An Outbreak

Focus on exposed individuals

Isolate and monitor all new arrivals for

21 days

Quarantine sick horses or mares that

abort and contact your veterinarian

Testing for EHV-1 must be by blood andnasal swab


18/18

Recommendations

Be smart and use good biosecurity all

the time, not just for this outbreak

Cases in this outbreak still have direct

link to Utah horses

Risk will never be zero

pilchuck's ehv-1 client education seminar

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