plan for today (ap physics 2) ch 24, 27, and 28 review day more review materials
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
![Page 2: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
![Page 3: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Plan for Today (AP Physics 2)• Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day• More Review Materials
![Page 4: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Ch 24 Review
![Page 5: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Describe and apply Young’s double slit interference• Shows light’s wave nature• A single wavelength of light goes through two slits separated by a
distance d• There is an interference pattern on a screen some distance away that
has bright and dark bands (equally spaced)• Bright fringes are at constructive interference, dim fringes at
destructive interference
![Page 6: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Young’s Double Slit Equations• Bright fringes• d * sin (O) = m * wavelength• M = 0, +/- 1, +/-2, . . .
• Dark fringes• d * sin (O) = (m + ½) * wavelength• M = 0, +/- 1, +/-2, …
![Page 9: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Describe and apply interference of thin films • Wavelength of light in a medium with index of refraction n is
• Constructive Interference
• Destructive Interference
![Page 10: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Describe diffraction• Grating with multiple thin lines• Results in interference patterns• Bright central fringe, less bright fringes alternating with dark regions• Can have diffraction with x-rays at the atomic level, visible light, etc
![Page 12: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Diffraction Grating Image
![Page 13: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Diffraction Grating Results
![Page 14: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Diffraction Grating Equation
![Page 15: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Describe and apply the single slit diffraction formula• Huygen’s principle – each portion of the slit acts as a source of waves
• Destructive Interference for a single slit of width a
![Page 16: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Single Slit Diagram
![Page 17: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Describe polarization• N/a for this test
• For electromagnetic wave, polarized light has electric field of wave all lined up/in the same direction• Electric field E vibrates in same direction AT all times in the same
point
• Sunglasses may do this – line up light
![Page 18: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Polarization Image
![Page 19: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Ch 27 Test Review
![Page 21: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Describe blackbody radiation and the ultraviolet catastrophe• Blackbody Radiation• Blackbody is ideal system that absorbs ALL radiation incident on it• Radiation emitted depends on temperature of walls
• Ultraviolet Catastrophe• Graph of intensity vs. frequency has extreme difference between
experimental and actual at high frequencies• This would mean high frequencies of light would have huge energies
(approach infinity)• Since this isn’t what happens it’s a catastrophe• Planck solved it by formulating energy is quantized
![Page 22: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Blackbody Image
![Page 23: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Ultraviolet Catastrophe Graph
![Page 24: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Describe the photoelectric effect and the two graphs associated with it• Photoelectric effect occurs when light shines on certain metallic
surfaces and electrons are emitted• Stopping potential – no electrons are emitted• Independent of intensity
• No electrons emitted if light is below a cutoff frequency• Maximum KE is independent of light intensity• Max KE increases with light frequency• Electrons emitted almost instanteously
![Page 25: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Photoelectric Effect Apparatus
![Page 26: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Equations Associated with the Photoelectric Effect
![Page 29: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Photoelectric Effect – Current vs. Voltage Graph
![Page 30: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Photoelectric Effect – Graph KE max vs. frequency
![Page 31: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Find the work function, maximum kinetic energy, or energy of a photon given the other two• From a graph
• From equation
![Page 32: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Describe Bremsstahlung• On a graph of x-ray intensity vs wavelength, there are sharp lines,
which show radiation emitted when electrons change energy levels• There is also continuous background radiation called bremsstrahlung
(“braking radiation”)• Electrons emit radiation when they undergo an acceleration
![Page 33: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
![Page 34: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Describe x-ray crystallography• X rays are along the scale of an atom• So we can use x rays to figure out the spacing of atoms because we
can study their diffraction pattern
![Page 35: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Bragg’s law
![Page 36: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
![Page 37: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
![Page 38: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Describe the Compton effect• Scattered x-rays have longer wavelength than incident x-rays• Energy reduction depends on angle at which the x-rays are scattered• X-ray photons have measurable energy and momentum• When they hit electrons, they transfer some of that energy
![Page 39: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Compton Effect Equation
![Page 40: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
![Page 41: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Describe the duality of light• Light has properties of waves and particles• Different experiments show the different properties of light• In the visible region – able to observe both• At higher frequencies – easier to notice particle• At lower frequencies (radio waves) – easier to notice wave• Certain experiments showed one or the other • Young’s double slit = wave, • Davisson-Germer = all matter has wave nature• Compton Effect = particle • Photoelectric effect = particle
![Page 42: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Describe a de Broglie wave• De Broglie postulated all forms of matter have both wave and particle
characteristics• Electrons have dual particle-wave nature• So that means we can find the wavelength of any matter• Davisson-Germer showed this for electrons
![Page 43: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
De Broglie Wave Equation
![Page 44: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Ch 28 Review
![Page 45: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Use Ballmer or Lyman series to describe the energy levels of an electron• Electrons are in energy levels• They can jump to a higher energy level by ABSORBING energy
(photons)• They can jump to a lower energy level by EMITTING energy (photons)• When they jump down (emit energy) they emit it in the form of
photons which have wavelengths in the visible spectrum• Have mission spectrum• Way to ID the element• Higher n means shorter wavelength
![Page 46: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
![Page 47: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Equation
![Page 48: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
![Page 49: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Create an energy level chart including the ionization and ground state• If given an energy level chart, can you figure out how much energy is
emitted (high to low) or absorbed (low to high)• Can you figure out all the possibilities (jumping straight from n = 4 to
n = 1, jumping n = 4 to 2 to 1, n = 4 to 3 to 1, n = 4 to 3 to 2 to 1, etc)
![Page 50: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Electron Energy Level Chart
![Page 51: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Calculate the frequency of light given off when an electron drops to a specific energy level • Find the energy difference• Then we have the energy of a photon (the difference between the
energy levels) is h * f. Just solve for f and you have your frequency
![Page 52: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
![Page 53: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Test Format• 15 AP multiple choice• 2 AP Free Response
![Page 54: Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Ch 24, 27, and 28 Review Day More Review Materials](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1aef7f8b9ab05997d4ee/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Big Ideas to study• Young’s Double Slit/Single Slit/Diffraction Grating (we’ve seen it in
several AP free response problems)• Photoelectric effect and what the graph of it means (we’ve seen it in
lab, on HW)• Wave vs. particle nature of light• Electromagnetic spectrum and high vs. low energy• Electron energy levels• De Broglie relationship between energy, momentum, and wavelength• Compton Effect