planning for health emergency management
DESCRIPTION
Planning for Health Emergency Management. First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman. Learning Objectives. By the end of this module, the participant should be able to: Describe the steps of emergency response - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Planning for Health Emergency
Management
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Learning Objectives
By the end of this module, the participant should be able to:
Describe the steps of emergency response planning process in terms of inputs, outputs and outcomes
Create flowcharts for emergency response planning
To identify the various plans that must be developed and the harmonization between them
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
The differences:
Policy – what must be done
Guidelines – how to implement the policy – technical how
Procedures – how to implement the policy – administrative how
Protocols - step-by-step instructions to perform a given activity
Plan – who does what when to implement policy
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
The relationship:
Mandates are needed to set policies
Policies are needed to define guidelines and set procedures
Guidelines and procedures are needed to make plans
“Policy for health emergency management is set at thenational or sub-national level, it is executed at the locallevel”
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Policy - All victims of all sorts of emergencies or disasters shall be searched, rescued, and managed timely and appropriately
Guidelines – Case Definition of victims; Guidelines on search, rescue, and case managementProcedures – Procedures of patient referral; emergency procurement of drugs and medicines
Plans - Emergency Manager responsible for triaging; Details on who does what, responsible persons; plan changes from one facility to another;
Example:
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
6
THE CONTEXT OF COMMUNITY RISK MANAGEMENT
Public Safety
Risk ManagementHazard Prevention
Vulnerability ReductionEmergency Preparedness
Emergency ManagementDamage Assessment & Needs Analysis
Hospital Planning
Shelter & Security
Food & Nutrition
Epidemiology & Reporting
Media & Public Information
Control of Communicable Disease
Reproductive HealthPsychosocial Needs
Medical Supplies & Logistics
Water & Sanitation
Mass Casualty Management
Curative Care
Recovery and Rehabilitation
safer communities
+
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Policy, guidelines, proceduresNational
level
Community level
Develop and implement
Preparedness programs
Vulnerability reduction plans
Emergency response plans
National & provincial levels = support communities in their work
Mobilise extra-resources
International org & assistance
Provinciallevel
Special plans
From Policy, Guidelines and Procedures to Community Plans
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
What are the Emergency Management Plans?
Emergency Preparedness Program/Plano Hazard Reduction Programo Vulnerability Reduction Programo Emergency Preparedness (Capacity Building Program)
Emergency Response Plan Contingency Plan Business Continuity Plan Recovery/Rehabilitation Plan
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Defining the various plans:
National Plan –
multi-sectoral plan developed for the situations that are not under the direct responsibility of regional and local authorities coordination, resource mobilization, information management includes contingency plan includes all the regional plans
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Defining the various plans:
Regional Plan –
multi-sectoral plan developed for the situations that are not under the direct responsibility of local authorities coordination, resource mobilization, information management, service delivery includes contingency plan includes all the local plans
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Defining the various plans:
Local Plan –
multi-sectoral and multi-disciplinary plan developed for local situations operationalize the national policy and guidelines coordination, resource mobilization, information management, service delivery, etc. includes contingency plan includes business continuity plan
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
National Plan
Regional Plan
Regional Plan
Regional Plan
Local Plan
Local Plan
Local Plan
Local Plan
Local Plan
Local Plan
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Community Risk Management Plan
Provincial EmergencyDisaster Plans
National Emergency Disaster Plan
HazardSpecific
Plans AgenciesSpecific Plans
(hospitals)
SectoralPlans
Intersectoral in nature
Context of emergency plans for a community
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Disaster Management is:80% generic 15% specific 5% unique
to all disasters to the hazard to the event1. OrganizationEOC earthquake timecoordination large numbers of trapped and injured placecommunications large numbers of homeless and displaced weathertransport large numbers of dead and missinglogistics and supplies geographyinformation and media dead, injured and missing staff climatereporting and surveillance damaged critical infrastructure / resources (hospitals, vehicles)
loss of water, gas, electricity, phone, transport, fuel networks security2. Response loss of road, sea, air, rail infrastructure / accesssearch and rescue politics
evacuation long period of SAR, victim extraction economymass casualty management high demand for FA, stretchers, triage, medical transport governancemanagement of dead and missing high demand for beds, surgery, blood products, referral
security wound infections, amputations, tetanus, dust inhalation emergency management capacitytemporary shelter, clothing and utensils high demand for orthotics, prosthetics, disability, dental logistics capacityemergency water, sanitation and energy demand for specialized spinal and head injury care disposal of inappropriate donations
emergency food supplies high demand for temporary shelter, food, utensils, stoves,emergency public and environmental health water, energy, clothing, tents, blankets leadershipemergency engineering and public works high demand for psychosocial support of victims and staff solidaritymanagement of donated supplies / foreign teams morale
3. Recovery few outbreaks of communicable diseases corruptionvariable demand for medicines and equipment crime
curative and public health care (acute / chronic injury care - high, infectious disease - low, lootingeducation potentially unstable chronic disease - medium)agriculture compensation claimstrade and commerce contamination of water, air and soil insurance claims
toxic chemical, sewerage and gas leaks / spills4. Rehabilitation and Reconstruction urban fires, explosions ownership disputes
people contaminated, infested and unsafe foods property disputesproperty increased vector breedingserviceslivelihoods loss of livelihoods, markets, distribution networksenvironment
THIS IS WHAT WE PLAN FOR ….
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Planning for Emergencies
Planning based on risk analysis is planning for any emergency, by predicting:
what might happen
when it might happen
where it might occur
how big it might be
what effect it might have
how long it might last (emergency + recovery period)
What are the strategies to respond and recover
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Main characteristics Clear responsibilities (who, what, when, how, with whom, where) All key stakeholders need to be involved in the planning process, including:
agencies with disaster responsibilitiescommunity members / groupsInstitutions and legal authorities
Relevant to emergency events: large scale; complex; relatively rare; hard to predict
Consequences of poor decisions can be acute Scrutiny of mistakes is often in detail and in public
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
The following sectors are involved in the emergency planning process:
Essential Services
• communications• police• relief and rescue• health• social welfare
• transport• public works• also agriculture, media,
education, fire, ambulance, engineering, meteorology
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Health Sector Response Plan must deal with…..Casualty management (first aid, triage, transport, pre-hospital care, in-patient care, out-patient care)
Communicable disease control (surveillance, tracking, treatment, prophylaxis, isolation and quarantine)
Continuity of delivery of critical services for emergency patientsManagement of the dead and missing
Management of information (public information; support activities; health info system)
Mental healthEnvironmental healthReproductive healthPublic health programs (continuity of essential programs)
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
THE EMERGENCY PLANNING PROCESS
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Elements of Hospital Preparedness, Response and Recovery Plan
I. BackgroundII. Plan descriptionIII. Goals and objectivesIV. Planning GroupV. Emergency Preparedness Plan
Hazards prevention Vulnerabilities reduction Risk reduction (capacity development)
VI. Management StructuresVII. Roles and responsibilities
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Elements of Hospital Preparedness, Response and Recovery Plan
VIII. Response Plan Policies, guidelines, procedures, protocols for the
developed systems Response, Contingency, Business Continuity plan
IX. Recovery and Reconstruction Plan Damage Assessment and Needs Analysis Post-incident evaluation Recovery and rehabilitation Plan based on lessons
learnedX. Annexes
GlossaryAbbreviationsDirectory of contact personsInventory of resources of hospital and partner agenciesHospital policies, guidelines, protocols, and other issuances
relevant to emergency or disaster management
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Form Planning Group
Hazard Analysis
Develop Strategies andSystems
Describe ManagementStructure
Describe Roles andResponsibilities
Emergency Planning
Process
Define the plan
Analyze resources
“Hospital Emergency Preparedness, Response and Recovery Plan Development ‘08”
Vulnerability Analysis
Risk Analysis
Problems/Gaps Analysis
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
The Planning Process Determine the authority responsible for the process Establish a planning committee and objectives; management structure of the processAssign responsibilities Conduct a risk assessment - hazards and community vulnerabilities (core elements) Identify and analyse capacities and resources Stakeholders analysis Develop strategies, emergency management systems and arrangements Document the plan Test the plan; Disseminate the plan Review and update the plan on a regular basis
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Background
1. Name of the agency and address
2. Geographic description (location: Low lying area? Etc.)
3. Demographic profile of catchments communities
4. Community Profile
5. Health statistics (IMR, MMR, etc.)
6. Health facilities found in the municipality/city
7. Available health services
8. Manpower complementation
9. Disasters responded/managed
10. Legal issuances establishing authority in HEM
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Significance:
a. Picture of the site and location of the hospital
b. Catchments areas provided with hospital services
c. Health resources in and around the hospital
d. Existing capacity and capability of the hospital
e. Partner agencies around the hospital
f. Anticipated hazards as basis for hospitals’ capacity and capability building
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Define Plan
Determine the aim, objectives and scope of the
planning process Identify the tasks to be performed, and the resources needed Identification of the framework in which emergencies will be managed legislation policy and guidelines must be considered and the resources that will be required:
stakeholders / agencies, etc.
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Plan Definition
Brief description of the content of the plan Specific intentions relevant to set goals and objectives. Include the coverage, scope and limitations. Include the legal basis whereby the hospital is authorized to act in disaster situations Legal issuances detailing the roles and functions of hospitals in managing all phases of emergencies or disasters
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Scope of the Plan
Significance:Who will implement the planExtent of implementation including limitations
Goals and Objectives
Give the purpose of the plan from a broader to more specific perspectives.
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Review Planning Group/Committee
Key Stake-holders to be represented
multi-disciplinary teams are essential to ensure
sufficient expertise
must have appropriate authority
political and economic circumstances may
influence choice of members
social and cultural issues must be considered
there must be an efficient reporting system
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Planning Group/Committee Planning Committee include major stakeholders Permanent or “AD HOC Group” which convenes only for
emergency planning purposes. This group shall be created through an order. Roles and functions of the planning group/committee
Develops, reviews and updates the HEPRRP Gathers required information and gain commitment of
key people and organizations Initiates testing of the plan for its functionality and
adaptability to current situation
i.
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Example of Planning Committee Structure
Director/Designate
Representativefrom areas of
operation
Representative from
Administrative Division
Representative from Planning
Division
Representative from the
Finance Division
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Risk Analysis
planning group should know result of vulnerability analysis (at least core elements)
technique for identifying preventive and mitigation strategies; response and recovery strategies for identified problems
systematic breakdown of the problem into its components
techniques involves:
o hazard analysis / vulnerability/risk assessment / developing response and recovery strategies / mitigation
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
An integrated set of long-term, multi-sectoral development activities
Emergency Preparedness Program –
Reminder
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Goal: to achieve an increasing level of “readiness” within communities to cope with any situation which demands an emergency response, using their own resources. This requires the development and maintenance of :
1. Political authority, policy for EM
2. Plans and Procedures for EM and Recovery training and education
3. Institutional and human resources for EM
4. Public awareness & education
5. System for the collection, analysis and distribution of information related to emergencies
Emergency Preparedness Program
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
ANATOMY OF COMMUNITY RISK MANAGEMENT
hazard
communityvulnerability
readiness
multisectoral, all hazards
Community risk
indicators: indicators:indicators:indicators:probabilityscale/magnitude/ strength/intensityspreadduration
biological hazards: season, infectivity, latency, transmission resistance, etc.natural phenomenafaminediseases of epidemic potentialevents/crowdsintoxificationinfestationstransport accidentsstructural failuresindustrial accidentschemical accidentspollutionrefugeeswarterrorism
Prevention & MitigationProgramme
=
=
People:access to health
caremeasles
vaccinationunder 5 nutritionunder 5 mortality
access to clean water
access to sanitation
adequate housingemployment/
incomefemale literacy
Property:health
infrastructurevehicles
medical supplies
Services:curative care
servicesambulance
servicespublic health
serviceshealth info system
Environment:water/soil/air
quality
Vulnerability Reduction Programme
policy, plans, proceduresknowledge, skills, attitudesresources
legislationnational & sectoral policyadministrative proceduresresponse & recovery planspreparedness planstechnical guidelinesmanagement structureinstitutional managementsinformation systemswarning systemshuman resourcesmaterial resourcesfinancial resourcessimulations & trainingeducationpublic informationcommunity participationresearchpublications
Emergency PreparednessProgramme
risk of:death
injury (mental/ physical)
disease (mental/physical)
loss of lifedisplacement
loss of propertyloss of income
secondary hazardsbreakdown in
securitydamage to
infrastructurebreakdown in
servicesContamination
Community Risk Management
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Emergency Preparedness ProgramPlan to build response capacity:
1. Policies, Protocols, Guidelines and Procedures2. Plans3. People (Human Resource development)4. Promotion and Advocacy5. Partnership Building6. Physical (Facility Enhancement)7. Program Development8. Practices documentation9. Peso (Finance) and Logistics10. Package of Services
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Resource Analysis
why?
to ensure that PRR strategies can be supported
to ensure that preparedness is coordinated
to ensure cooperation between agencies
to know who is responsible for supplying
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Organizational Capacity
implemented selectively by those agencies which have been delegated that responsibility by the Government or by the community
it is vital that…..agencies…… professionally managed adequately resourced highly trained demonstrated competence emergency management family
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Assessment of Response Capacity of the Health Sectormandate and authority to deliver relief (scope of responsibility)
management and command structure (coordination among stakeholders)
competencies of staff (knowledge and skills and ability)
the availability and accessibility of information
the existence and relevance of plans
the existence and relevance of procedures
the networking of the plans of the Health Sector with the plans of the other sectors
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Step 5: Roles and Responsibilities
should be defined & described to ensure that each organization knows precisely what is expected of it and that everyone is aware of the general roles of all relevant organizations
multi-sectoral approach for national disaster plan
key issues:o Information managemento resource managemento evacuationo specific situation such as hazardous material…
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Emergency Response Plan
It is important to have Emergency Response Plan:
to have an orchestrated, timely, and appropriate response actions
to save lives and reduce sufferings of the affected population
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Emergency Response Plan
A plan containing description of:
Responsibilities Command & coordination mechanism Management structures Resource management Information management and communication Training and exercises
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Difference between Emergency Response Planning and Routine PlanningERP focuses on:
Coordination and management systems of resources from several sectorsemergency management and incident management systemsManagement of information
arrangements for intra-sectoral and inter-sectoral coordination of activities and mobilization of resources (surge capacity)
What are the characteristics of routine planning in your field of activity?
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Key characteristics of an ERP
Emergency Response Plan and Recovery Plan
an agreed set of arrangements forresponding to, andrecovering from emergencies
plans involve the description ofresponsibilitiesmanagement structuresresource and information managementLogistics managementTraining and exercises
plans focus on protecting life, property and environmentoutcomes
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Core Elements of an Emergency Response Plan
Management Structures
Incident Commander
Public Info. Officer
Liaison Officer
Safety Officer
Operations Logistics PlanningAdministrative/Finance
“Hospital Emergency Preparedness, Response and Recovery Plan Development ‘08”
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
A response plan will define and discuss :
• a line of authority and clear responsibilities of all
the stakeholders involved
• the management systems: ICP; EOC; EEC
• the communications system
• alert and warning mechanisms
• public information arrangements
• resource management (human, financial and material)
• Monitoring, reporting and accounting arrangements
Emergency Response Plan Development
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Core Elements of an Emergency Response Plan
Emergency Response Policies, Guidelines, Procedures and Protocols
a.Activation of Code Alert Systemb.Activation of the Planc.Incident Command Systemd.Activation of the EOCe.Information Management Systemf.MHPSSg. Security systemh.Public Information Systemi. Coordination, networking and referral systemj. Provision of public health services
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Core Elements of an Emergency Response Plan
Emergency Management Policies, Guidelines, Procedures and Protocols
k. Infection Controll. System to upscale services in case of surge of patientsm. System on drills/simulation exercisesn. Stockpiling of emergency medicines and supplieso. Logistics management systemp. Decontamination proceduresq. Management of the dead and missing persons during disasters
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Core Elements of an Emergency Response Plan
Emergency Management Policies, Guidelines, Procedures and Protocols
p. restoration of critical servicesa.Electrical supply and back-up generatorsb.Drinking water supply and alternate sourcesc.Fuel reservesd.Back-up communication systeme.Wastewater and solid waste water treatmentf.Fire suppression
q. SOP on managing volunteers and donations
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Recovery and Reconstruction Plan
Damage Assessment and Needs Analysis Post-incident Management Medium-term and long term recovery, reconstruction, and development plan Multi-sectoral initiative (education, agriculture, public works etc.)
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Next Actions1. Write the Plan and have it approved by the head of the
agency. The Plan is not a plan until written and approved by the head of agency
2. Disseminate the plan to all the stakeholders and staff. Everyone needs to know the plan so that in emergency no one would ever say, “he does nothing cause he knows nothing”.
3. Test the plan. The plan is believed to be effective only when it is tested, be able to know its functionality, acceptability, and doability in the hands of the implementers.
4. Update the plan4. Implement the plan. 5. Monitor and evaluate the implementation of the plan6. Review and update the plan regularly.
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
After the Plan has been developed
It is essential to: simulate an emergency to test the plan familiarise all staff with the plan brief all new staff about the plan familiarise local government, emergency services and the community with the plan train those staff with special roles and responsibilities in the plan review and update the plan after an emergency, after each simulation and whenever new resources are acquired conduct regular exercises
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Evaluate the PlanHow do we know a plan is a functional plan?
it meets the national planning criteria and policy ? it conforms to the national planning format ? it has been developed through a true emergency planning process (from vulnerability analysis up to participation of end-users) ? it is tested, validated and regularly exercised ? all key staff are familiar with the details of the plan and know their responsibilities ?
WHAT DO YOU WANT TO ADD?
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Other areas of enquiry:1. Timeliness (as well as appropriateness)
2. Connectedness (and coordination)
3. Coherence (fits into the medium and long term plans of the government)
4. Preparedness ( preparedness activities and the effectiveness of the activities undertaken)
5. Evaluating the effectiveness of emergency preparedness programmes in normal times
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Outputs of the intersectoral emergency planning process
A set of emergency response plans – who does what when using existing capacity:
search and rescue planevacuation / temporary shelter planmass casualty plan / hospital planssectoral relief plans (food, water, health, lifelines etc.)security plansMitigation; EWS (MCM: all hazards)
A disaster recovery and reconstruction plan (education, agriculture, public works etc.)
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUTResource
RequirementStrategies/Activities
PerformanceIndicators
EVALUATION(Intervention)
EffectivenessEfficiency
RelevanceImpact
ConnectednessCoherence
Preparedness
CoverageTimeliness
OUT-COMEImpact
Indicators
MONITORING
Evaluation Process
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUTResource
Requirement
Strategies/Activities
PerformanceIndicators
EVALUATION(Intervention)
Effectiveness
Efficiency
RelevanceImpact
ConnectednessCoherence
Preparedness
CoverageTimeliness
OUT-COMEImpact
Indicators
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Effectiveness achieving objectives doing the right thing right includes cost- effectiveness
Efficiency doing it right with as few resources as
possible (effort, time, money, people, material)
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Relevance/Appropriateness doing the right thing in the right way at
the right time
Impact doing the right thing changing the situation more profoundly and in longer term
Coverage the extent to which interventions reach
the intended target population linked to effectiveness
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Outcomes of the emergency planning processThe planning process is a sequence of steps whereby a planning entity (e.g. government, community) agrees on ways to enhance and protect its own safety. It is an interactive and iterative process that should lead to:
better understanding of the roles and responsibilities of all members of the community in prevention, mitigation, and response greater awareness of risk reduction in the community higher levels of readiness to respond and to recover an emergency response plan and a recovery plan (and contingency plans when relevant) increased public safety (including for the health sector such as safer hospitals, etc.)
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Common Planning Mistakes
the plan (paper document) is given more importance than the planning process itself not key community members (or staff of the institutional plan) are aware of the existence of a plan revision is overlooked emergency planning is not integrated into normal activities (integration strategy) whenever possible different plans are developed for different hazards by different agencies – the all hazards approach should be preferred (no synergy; no compatibility) no or weak training programs what do you want to add?
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Common Planning Mistakes
Plans are out of date as soon as they are published
PLANS NEED REGULAR REVIEW
Procedures, policies and guidelines are needed to guide the planning process at local level
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Emergency Risk Management – Principles for Agencies
goal :
to increase efficiency, effectiveness, readiness and integration of the agency into the overall organization of the emergency management process and system
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Principles for Agencies and emergency planning needs
Objectives :
to improve the decision making process at all levels (within agency) to facilitate the choice of the most suitable strategies to rely on specific decision making procedures to ensure efficient communication :
–internal and external to ensure safety and well being of staff /community to promote and preserve the activities efficiency : synergy, complementarities, adaptability, cooperation to promote adequate training : personnel / exercises….
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Define the ERM policy of the Agency
Enter the planning process (ERM)
Allocation of required resources of all kind
Implementation: activities – role - functions
Monitoring – reevaluation process
ERM process for an Agency
Risk management and Planning - Principles for Agencies
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Group Work Activity
Develop a Health Emergency Preparedness Program, Response Plan, and Recovery Plan for your respective area of responsibility:
1.Local Plan2.Regional Plan3.National Plan
For academic purposes, choose a hazard to work on (All- hazard Approach)
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Updating the information on hazard and vulnerabilities...
Why Emergency Response Plans must be regularly revised ? update the current political, social and economic situation
update hazard reduction, emergency preparedness and vulnerability reduction activities in all sectors and by all organisations
update changes in resources, systems and procedures
update early warning information system
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
68
Early warning information...links with Response Plans
The emergency response plans are useful only:when they are activated they are relevant and functionalThey are efficiently used
So the early activation of the response plans is essential. In many emergencies there is a time frame which allows for early activation (floods; displacement of populations; anticipated cold wave, start of an outbreak, etc.) and for developing further mitigation measures (early warning is critical)
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
The Roles of National Government (1)The role of national authorities is to support local planning processes by establishing the planning framework:
setting national policies for risk reduction, emergency preparedness, emergency response and disaster recovery
issuing technical guidelines and administrative procedures for the process of planning and for the implementation of the policy (contents of the plans, etc.)
developing national plans (multi-sectoral; sectoral; contingency) for those situations that are not under the direct responsibility of local authorities
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
The Roles of National Government (2)
developing procedures for how national resources can be deployed in an emergency
allocating funds to support the development of new local capacity and for local risk reduction
planning for those hazards that are not the primary responsibility of local government e.g. Security
international cooperation and assistance
WHAT ARE THE PRESENT CONSTRAINTS IN YOUR COUNTRY ?
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Main responsibilities of MOH in emergency planning
Reduce the vulnerabilities of its own infrastructures andsystems: hospital mitigation; EMS System; etc.
Raise awareness first of the health staff then of the general public (in collaboration with other sectors)
Reduce health consequences of crisis and major emergencies (core function of the health sector). A “health emergency management program/unit” should be institutionalised within the MOH; development of emergency response plans
Assume its normative role and lead function (guidance) in health (emergency preparedness and risk management)
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Overall strategy of the MOH
Integration strategy Vulnerability reduction and hazard mitigation Community risk management framework Inter-sectoral cooperation Planning based on existing resources (all types) Decentralization of the response capacity Community participation (and end-users) Institutionalization of an emergency/disaster Unit within the MOH
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
THANK YOU