plant form & function part 1
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plant and functionTRANSCRIPT
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Lecture 3. Plant Form and Function
NaSc1
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Overview of Plant Body (Angiosperms)
Shoot System
Stem Leaves Flowers
Root System
http://kvhs.nbed.nb.ca/gallant/biology/plant_anatomy.jpg
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Plant
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Meristems-enables plants to have
indeterminate growth
Apical meristems –tip of roots and shoots
-initiate primary growth in the length of roots and shoots
Primary Plant Body
Lateral/Secondary MeristemSecondary Growth
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Apical Meristems
Primary meristems1) Protoderm2) Procambium3) Ground meristem
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Basic Types of Plant Cells
Meristematic CellsMeristems
InitialsDerivative
DifferentiationCoast RedwoodSeqouia sempervirens
http://www.monumentaltrees.com/en/trees/coastredwood/tallest_tree_in_the_world/
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Cell Types
1. Parenchyma Cells
Pliable, thin-walled
Alive when matured
Photosynthesis, storage, secretion
http://www.nicerweb.com/bio1151/Locked/media/ch35/35_09PlantCellDiversity-parenchyma.jpg
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Cell Types
2. Collenchyma Cells
Thick, elongated and uneven cells glued by pectin
Lack secondary walls
Flexible support
kentsimmons.uwinnipeg.ca/2153lb1pg5.htm
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Cell Types
2. Sclerenchyma Cells
With secondary cell wall hardened by lignin
Support mature plants
Protection of cells
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Tissues of Vascular Plants
Vascular Plants
Types of Plant Tissue
Simple tissueComplex tissue
Tissue system1) Dermal2) Vascular3) Ground
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1) Dermal Tissue System
Outer protective covering
Prevents physical damage and water loss
EpidermisPeridermCuticle
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1) Dermal Tissue System
Outer protective covering (physical damage desiccation)
Begins as parenchyma cells then modifies
Helps control the exchange of gases and water vapor
EpidermisPeridermCuticle
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2) Vascular Tissue SystemTwo complex
tissues:1) Xylem
*Sap
http://www.paintthelight.net/BotanyProject/Activities/images/2004_gallery_stem_diagram.jpg
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2) Vascular Tissue SystemTwo complex
tissues:
2) Phloem
*Sap
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3) Ground/Fundamental Tissue System
Makes up the plant’s bulk
Cortex-between dermal and
vascular tissues*storage of food
Pith-between phloem and
xylem-soft spongy parenchyma
cells
*nutrient storage and transport http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pith
http://extension.oregonstate.edu/mg/botany/images/fig3-big.gif
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Tissues of Vascular Plants
http://www.progressivegardens.com/knowledge_tree/tissue.jpg
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Sources
Raven, P.H. , Evert, R.F. and Eichhorn, S.E. 1999. Biology of Plants 6th Ed. W.H. Freeman and Co. Worth Publishers, USA. 944 pp.
Nabors, M.W. 2004. Botany an Introductory Approach. Pearson Education South Asia Pte. Ltd. 626pp.
Diola, A., Dy., D., Ilano, A., Inoc, D.C., Oquinena, K., Parilla, R., Tambuli, A. and Yee, J. 2010. Natural Science 1 (Biological Sciences) Lecture Notes. University of San carlos, 126 pp.
Starr, C. 2003. Biology: Concepts and Applications, 5th ed. Brooks/Cole, USA. 799 pp.