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1

New technology

as an agent of change

Pete Sharma & Andy Cowle

Consultants

Director

Consultant

Teacher Trainer

Book reviewer

Lecturer Sales manager

Publisher

Aim

To explore key changes in language teaching

in the digital age

Overview

Background

Socio-linguistic change

Pedagogical change

Technological change

Managing change

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Background

Part one

Paradigm shift

Printing

press

http://www.mosesavalon.com/current-post/printing-press/

Digital literacies

• Search

• Txt

• Create a C.V.

• Read on a Kindle

• Create on-line presence

• Give a Prezi

‘Digital Literacies’ [Routledge]

(1) Controversial

Multiple perspectives

Teacher

Student

Trainer

DoS

Director

PublisherAuthor Instructional

Designer

Theory

(2) “CALL is situation specific”

Computer-aided language teaching

T.E.L.L. [technology-enhanced

language learning]

Levy & Stockwell

From: http://www.designdamage.com/

Institutions are at different points…

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Innovators

Early adaptors

Early majority

Late majority

Laggard

high-tech

medium

low-tech

no-tech

From: Promethean

Technology-led

Pedagogy plays

‘catch-up’

(3)Technology changed

language teaching

forever

Corpus linguistics

Macmillan

http://www.lextutor.ca/conc/multi/

Task

How much do you know about technology?How much do you use it?How do you feel about it?

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Knowledge – Skills - Attitude

K S

A3

numbers

[Freeman]http://stocktouch.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/iceberg-poster.jpg

(4) Importance

of attitude

www.forbes.com

(5) Importance of pedagogy

What?

So what?

How?

Macmillan Books for Teachers series

Content

knowledge

Technological knowledge

Pedagogical

knowledge

Adapted from: TPACK framework: tpack.org ©2012

TPACK Framework

‘phrasal verb’How to teach

Socio-linguistic change

Part two

Neologisms

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Emoji’s

Communication skills

Downside

Cyber-bullying

Plagiarism

Digital divide

Health issues

Pedagogical change

Part three

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Listening

Reading

Speaking

Writing

Grammar

Vocabulary

Pronunciation

Handout Grammar

InteractiveExercises 24 /7

Grammar referencematerials

AppGamificationThe Big Picture

Vocabulary

Word frequencyStorageReviewDictionary

Quizlet

Listening

‘Out of class’

Strategy work

Choice

VideoPodcasts +transcript

Reading

Gradedreaders

Reading

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Speaking

Presentation tools

Voice recognition

Recording

Writing

Feedback

Collaboration

Genre

iAnnotate

Pronunciation

Technological change

Part four

1 Interactive whiteboards2 Mobile learning3 Blended Learning4 Materials5 Innovation

(1) Interactive whiteboards

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Research

Memorable

presentations

Better review

Gaining and

Holding attention

Training

Learning

curve

Ignore

research

Cost

(2) Mobile

learning

“learning that happens when the learner takes

advantage of the learning opportunities offered by

mobile technologies”.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_learning

Vocabulary notebooks

Students move

Devices mobile

Learning experiences which are mobile

(Dudeney, G. & Hockly, N.)

On the moveIn-class

Dimensions

Class-set Own devices

Rich content Discrete content

Hockly, N.

exciting apps

learning

opportunities

distraction

disruptive

(3) Blended Learning - Task

face-to-face ?+

TWITTER#LetsTalkRichmond#ReimagineChangeCreate

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Blended LearningPublisher-ProducedLMS

Customise LMSe.g.Moodle /Facebook /Edmodo

Build Yourown

Servicee.g. blogwiki

Teachingplatform

Combination

e.g. LMS + virtual classroom plug-in

Research

“the observed advantage

for blended learning

conditions is not

necessarily rooted in the

media per se and may

reflect differences in

content, pedagogy and

learning time”

Why?

Cost savings?

Include the benefits of online Own pace

Anywhere / anytime

Differentiation

“Better learning outcomes” Difficult to measure

http://www.pbs.org/newshour/making-sense/cant-decide-just-flip-coin/

The flipped classroom

Blended Learning

Four conditions for success:

AppropriacyComplementarityAttitudeTraining

(Sharma 2016)

Appropriacy

Same time same place

Same time different

place

Different time

different place

Same place

different time

Synchronous

Asynchronous

Critical thinking

Discussion

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Complementarity

Integration

Class

Self study

online

Attitude

Merge with existing pedagogies

Re-align practice

Introductory stage

Training (4) Digital materials

Printed

Book

Digi-book

LMS

Tablet

App

Audio-CDs

CD-ROM

New

generation

of

coursebooks

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(5) Innovations

Augmented reality

Adaptive learning

Virtual reality

Exciting developments

www.flashsticks.com

Augmented Reality

Adaptive learning

“...education / training

that utilises technology

and data to provide an

individually customised

learning program to

students that

intelligently adapts to

their learning needs”

(Kerr, P.)

Complete the sentence:

Fariba _________ from Iran to Denmark when she was a child

BIG DATA

“Data will be constantly used to track student

performance to learn what’s best for learning”

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Virtual Reality

Experimental

CALL

Google voice search

Voice to text

http://www.nuancemobilelife.com/apps/dragon-dictation/

Exciting developments Wearable technology

Lifeline

Robot teachers!

© AFP / Getty Images

R. A. L.L.

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Change management

Part five

Stakeholders

Implications

Students

Teacher

Trainer

Academic

managers

School

directors

Theory

Teacher

We need more research

Digital residents

Expectations

Tech-comfy – NOT tech-savvy

… need to know what digital learning means, and to develop the confidence to implement it in their courses

need to understand the dynamics of taking more responsibility for students’ out of class learning experiences

digital teachers can direct students to use different learning materials, learning technologies, smart-phone apps and web resources

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What teacher competencies are necessary?

https://thedigitalteacher.com/

Tech: extra layer of complexity e.g. jargon

Hands-on / Experiential

Resistance: cognitive dissonance

Importance of pedagogy

Beyond the ‘wow’ factor

‘Carefully and critically’ (Ur)

Academic managers

Resist ‘never the right time’ syndrome

Training budget

Success for all stakeholders

Is there a marriage between ELT and hi-tech?

School directors

What changes are necessary to ensure the successful teaching and learning of languages in the new, digital age?

Question

New technology

as an agent of change