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PLUMBING MATERIALS

TYPES OF PIPE

There are numerous kind of materials available for plumbing installation

but so far, the most popular and commonly used are:

CAST IRON PIPE

Most popular and generally specified material for drainagesystem in buildings (less than 25 storey high)

It is affected by corrosion caused by the action of carbondioxide, sulfur oxide and methane gases

ASBESTOS PIPE

It is made of asbestos fibers and Portland cement.

It could be used as soil, waste, ventilation and downspout. This kind of pipe is remarkably superior for embedment in

concrete structure for having the same material properties.

BITUMINOUS FIBER (ORANGEBURG) SEWERPIPE

The cheapest among sewer pipes.

It is sometimes recommended for house sewer and for septictank installation.

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VITRIFIED CLAY PIPE

One of the oldest materials used for sewer lines.

It is made out from clay.

It is highly resistant to most acid wastes. It is a durable material forunderground installations like public sewer, house sewer or storm

drain.

LEAD PIPE

One of the oldest plumbing materials used by the Egyptians, the Greeks andthe Roman builders as soil and waste pipe.

Lead is highly resistant to acid and is suitable for underground installation.

But because lead is poisonous and injuries to human health, it is never usedto convey water for human consumptions.

GALVANIZED STEEL PIPE

It is made out from mild steel.

This type of pipe is easily corroded by alkaline and acidwater.

It deteriorate faster when used as hot water supply line.

GALVANIZED WROUGHT IRON PIPE

It is better in quality than the steel pipe for plumbinginstallation.

Tests showed that wrought iron pipe is more resistant toacid waste than the steel pipe.

BRASS PIPE One of the most expensive types of pipe.

It is made of an alloy or zinc and copper mixed at 15% and 85% proportionrespectively.

Because of its smooth interior surface and high resistance to acid, it become asuperior material for waste and w ater supply installations.

COPPER PIPE

It is durable and extremely corrosive resistant material.

It is easy to install compared with other types of pipe.

Useful for cold and hot water supply lines.

PLASTIC OR SYNTHETIC PIPE

A new concept in the field of plumbing. It was introduced in the Philippines at the early part of 70s,

although this type of materials was developed in Germany in themid year of 1935.

It is superior as sewer and cold water pipe line.

STAINLESS STEEL PIPE

Stainless steel is an alloy of Iron with a minimum of 10.5%Chromium.

It is used for water and sewage treatment, water tubing,hot water tanks.

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Not all of these materials enumerated however, will

be used in one plumbing system installation. The

choice of the kind of pipe to be installed, depends uponthe following considerations:

1. Quality and durability

2. Resistance to external and internal contact with

foreign matters.

3. Resistance to acid waste and other chemical

elements that will pass into it.4. Cost of materials and labor.

CAST IRON PIPECast Iron Pipes are of Two Types:

The SV Type which is generally used for building installations and,

The XV Type classified as extra duty pipe used for undergroundinstallations.

Cast Iron Pipes has Four Varieties:

Standard Pipe

Single Hub Pipe

Double Hub Pipe

Hubless Pipe

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ACID RESISTANT CAST IRON PIPEMade from alloy of cast

iron and silicon. It is widelyused in chemical laboratories,industries and otherinstallations where acid wastesare being discharge. Basically,this type of pipe is brittle incharacter and requires

stronger support for each pipeinstalled horizontally toprevent sagging of joints.

COPPER PIPECopper pipe is classified into three types, depending upon itswall thickness.

The K type is the heaviest. It is suitable for undergroundinstallation.

The L type is lighter than the K type available in both rigid andflexible form. It is commonly used in residential water supply

line and for radiant heating installations. The type M is the thinnest and available only in a rigid form. It

is specially designed for small water supply lines and forradiant heating installations.

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PLASTIC OR SYNTHETIC PIPETypes of Plastic/Synthetic Pipes

The Rigid Type

The Flexible Type

The Rigid Type of Plastic Pipes are:

Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)

Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride (CPVC)

Unplasticized Polyvinyl Chloride (uPVC)

Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS)

Polypropylene (PP)

Styrene Rubber Plastic (SR)

The Flexible types are:

The Polyethylene (PE)

The Polybutylene (PB)