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Amalan Kejuruteraan Mekanikal IIAmalan Kejuruteraan Mekanikal II

BDA 1811BDA 1811

Prepared by:

Saliana binti Sanusi

[email protected]

Tel: 013-3878446

Department of Manufacturing & Industrial Engineering,

Faculty of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering

PNEUMATIC PNEUMATIC

Assessment

Task 1 : 20%

Task 2 : 30%

Task 3 : 30%

Test/Assignment : 20%

Learning Outcomes:

After finish this task, students are able to:

Write definition of AutomationList automation types & applicationIdentify driven energy for automationIdentify & draw pneumatic equipments’

symbol according to ISO 1219 standards

Draw a correct pneumatic control circuit

AUTOMATION

Definition

It is a technology concerned with the application of mechanical, electronic and computer-based

systems to operate and control production

(Automation, production systems and computer integrated Manufacturing, Mikell P. Groover)

Some engineering disciplines relate to Automation TechnologyInstrumentation & Engineering ControlFluid mechanicsFluid PowerEngineering MathematicsEngineering MaterialBasic Electronics and ElectricityBasic Computer Science – Logic &

Programming

You have to master those subjects if you want to be an AUTOMATION expertise

Automatic machine tools

Automatic assembly machine

Industrial robot

Automatic material handling and retrieval system

Automatic inspection systems for quality control

Feedback & computer process control

The reasons why we choose automationIncrease productivityHigh cost of labourLabor shortagesSafetyHigh cost of raw materialImprove qualityReduction of in-process inventory

Automation type

Fixed automation Pneumatic, hydraulic

Programmable automation PLC, industrial robot

Flexible automation CIM, FMS,

ProgrammableAutomation

FlexibleAutomation

FixedAutomation

Manual Methods

Pro

du

ct v

arie

ty

Production volume

The comparison

Low High

Complex

Automation Level

ERP, SCM(management level)

MES(planning level)

SCADA network(supervision level)

PLC, PC, PID(control level)

Sensors, Actuators, Valves(field level)

Automation is powered by several forms of energy such as Pneumatic, Electric

and Hydraulic

PNEUMATIC

IntroductionThe term ‘pneuma’ is derived from theancient Greek, and meant breath or wind,and also the soul in philosophy

Definition Pneumatic is the science of mechanical

properties of elastic fluid

In industry ‘pneumatic’ generally refers to the use of compressed air to transmit power and/or motion

If we use pneumatic energy, we shall take the air, compact it into a case and release it with a certain amount of volume to an actuator. The actuator will

move a load.

dans la mémoire avec de l'Al Khwarizmi

We use energy to

move a Load

This is actually what happen!!!

Air

Compressed Air

load

Actuating devicesOutputs

Final control elementControl signal

Processing elementProcessing signals

Input elementsInput signals

Energy supplySource

Pneumatic system structure & signal flow

Direct control of a pneumatic cylinder

Indirect control of a pneumatic cylinder

Single acting cylinder

Used mainly for clamping, ejecting, pressing in, lifting, feeding etc.

Control of a single-acting cylinder

Double acting cylinder

Control of a double-acting cylinder

Basic symbol referring to ISO 1219Actuators…..

DAC-single Adjustablecushioning

Single Acting

Double Acting DAC - Non-adjustable

cushioning

DAC-AdjustableCushioning both ends

Valve symbol description

Valves…..

5/2 way Directional Control Valve


4/2 way Directional control valve


Cont…

Flow control valve

Check valve

Shuttle valve

Two pressure valve

One way flow control valve

Methods of actuations

Solenoid op

Foot pedal Solenoid with pilot op

Roller opSpring return

Idle roller op

Lever op

Pressure releasePush button

Air pilotManual op

According to ISO 1219 – pneumatic schematic circuit

PBb+

Input Elements

Processing Element

Actuating element

Energy SupplyActual Movement

Real application

PNEUMATIC PRACTICE 1

Logic elementsOR functionAND function

Control valvesFlow control valveOne way flow control valveCheck valve

OR function

AND function

Flow control valve – throttle valve

One-way flow control valve

Check valve

Task 1 Design the electro-pneumatic control circuit for

the following operations : Press switch A to extends a cylinder piston and

press switch C to retracts it. Press either switch A or B will extend a cylinder

piston. Then, it will be automatically retracted when touching a limit switch.

Press switch A will extends a cylinder piston. It will be retracted if a sensor detect it end while switch B is pressed.

*Use a 5/2 way DCV double solenoids.

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