poland - european biogas...

BIOGAS production from organic

waste in the European Food And

Beverage (FAB) industry

Poland

Pazera A., Ślęzak R., Krzystek L., Ledakowicz S.

FABbiogas Final Conference

2nd September 2015, Brussels

Project participants

FABbiogas project includes 9 European partner

organizations.

The project is coordinated by the University of

Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences

in Vienna.

FABbiogas project involve the following countries:

http://www.fabbiogas.eu/en/home/

7th European Meeting on Chemical Industry and Environment, Tarragona, Spain, 10-12 June 2015EMChIE

2015Tarragona

http://www.fabbiogas.eu/en/home/

The aim of the project

7th European Meeting on Chemical Industry and Environment, Tarragona, Spain, 10-12 June 2015EMChIE

2015Tarragona

• The creation of a solid information base concerning the

use of waste in the production of biogas, confirming the

industrial energy efficiency, integrated system of biogas

production.

• Identification of the potential use of waste from food and

beverage industry in existing biogas plants and the

preparation of pre-feasibility studies, constituting the

basis for future biogas projects utilizing FaB waste.

Methodology

• Two groups targeted: food and beverages producers

and current biogas plant operators

• The data concerning waste streams of different FAB

industry branches collected from administrative units

(e.g. Marshal Offices from each voivodship).

• Existing barriers and bottlenecks for developing

biogas production from organic residues in FAB

industry identified on the basis of the questionnaires

and interviews.

• The kind and amount of used waste from FAB industry

identified and the potential energy yields calculated.

Methodology

• The methane potential was determined as:

where:

Q - methane production potential in the given branch of FAB industry (m3CH4/year)

Ri - the amount of i-th kind of waste generated in the given branch (ton/year)

Li - methane production efficiency from i-th kind of waste in a given branch (m3CH4/ton).

n

1i

ii LRQ

Biogas plant market - Poland

• Currently there are 58 installations in Poland. Until 2020,

according to the Council of Ministers in Poland 2 500

biogas plants with a total capacity of 980 MWel are

expected to be built.

• Main problems: collapse in prices of green certificates,

a large reduction in wholesale electricity prices, no yellow

certificates from the beginning of 2013, and the lack of the

RES Act discourage potential investors and are the

reasons of the small number of new biogas plants.

• The good news is that over the past two years, more than

20 biogas plants were built, and in total: 19 out of 39

agricultural ones use wastes from industry as a feedstock.


• 39 biogas plants in 2011 consumed 469 000 tons of

feedstock:

– 277 800 tons was slurry, manure and animal

excrements,

– 123 200 tons energy crops,

– only 68 000 tons was waste from the food processing

industry.

• Last year, however, these proportions, began to change

rapidly. The result is that in the first half of 2013,

agricultural biogas plants processed 750 000 tons of

substrates, 369 000 tons of which were waste from food.

• This trend is expected to continue, due to the fact that the

corn-based systems are no longer profitable.


3rd quarter 2012 - 59 000 tones waste from agro- food industry,

4th quarter 2012 - 190 000 tones (a threefold increase),

1st quarter 2013 - 369 000 tones, more than half of all substrates

that were used in biogas plants in Poland

http://www.france24.com/en/category/tags-thematiques/food-beverage-industry/

http://www.recyclingworksma.com/how-to/business-sector-

guidance/hospitality/

http://www.packagingnews.co.uk/news/pack-and-food-waste-in-grocery-sector-worth-6-9bn/

Biogas plants using waste from food and beverage industry

• Companies from food and beverage industry that produce more

waste than 500 Mg/year were taken for further analysis.

• Waste from food and beverage industry are divided into four

categories: processing of fruits and vegetables, dairy, meat

processing and distilleries.

123 companies processing of fruits and vegetables,

97 dairies,

251 meat processing plants ,

93 distilleries.

Identification of waste streams from FaB industry

Companies that produce organic waste from FaB industry in Poland

Fruit and vegetable processing industry


Dairy industry


Meat processing industry


Brevery industry

Characteristics of waste streams

Total: 183 403 100 m3/year

Waste stream

[Mg/year]Waste category

Number of

companies

Methane production

potential [m3/year]

500 – 2 000

Fruit and vegetable processing 42 3040600

Dairy industry 18 241900

Meat processing industry 92 4365300

Brewing industry 6 121400

Total 158 7769200

2 000 – 5 000





Total 239 31299800

5 000 – 10 000





Total 77 26868600

Above 10 000





Total 89 117465500

Characteristics of waste streams

Total: 183 403 100 m3/year

Waste stream

[Mg/year]Waste category

Number of

companies

Methane production

potential [m3/year]

500 – 2 000





Total 158 7769200

2 000 – 5 000





Total 239 31299800

5 000 – 10 000





Total 77 26868600

Above 10 000





Total 89 117465500

Meat industry in total: 84 574 400 m3/year

+

+

+

=

=

Managing of organic waste streams in Poland

Description of the barriers for biogas plant

operators and FaB producers

• The procedures of obtaining the permissions for biogas

projects in Poland are usually complicated and

prolonged.

• The difficulties in obtaining all necessary permits and too

complex administrative and legal procedures.

• One of the biggest bottlenecks were the large number

of formal requirements and financial barriers.

• The incompetence of the bank employees concerning

the possibilities of financing the biogas projects

disappointed the biogas investors. Their lack of trust for

biogas projects hamper the obtaining loans for biogas

projects.

Biogas plant in Boleszyn

Best practice example

Year of realisation: 2012

Investment costs: 22 mln PLN

Feed-in tariff electricity: 0.38 PLN/kWh

Biogas production: 4 230 000 m3/year

Methane content: 53%

Installed power: 1050 kWel, 1156 kWth

Digesters: 3x4239 m3

Substrate/year: 20 000 t maize silage,

13 000 t slurry,

7 300 t whey,

3 600 t distillery stillage

Input waste/substrate: 43 900 t/year

Biogas plant in Boleszyn

• The biogas plant in Boleszyn was built next to the pig farm.

• In the process four different co- substrates are stably fermented

yielding high biogas production.

• All in all 43,900 tons of maize silage, slurry, distillery stillage and

whey are used to produce 8.5 mln kWh of electricity and 9.2 mln

kWh of heat per year.

• In the near future it is planned to expand the biogas plant capacity

to 2 MW.

• Currently burdensome slurry formed during the rearing of pigs is

not a problem for local residents, and additionally they receive hot

water, so that the cost of winter heating has significantly

decreased.

• Operator from Plock buys electricity.

• Heat produced in the biogas plant is also used by the local

distillery.


Biogas plant in Skrzatusz

Year of realisation: 2011

Investment costs: 13 mln PLN

Feed-in tariff electricity: 0.38 PLN/kWh

Biogas production: 2,058,600 m3/year

Installed power: 526 kWel, 558 kWth

Digesters: 3795 m3

Substrate/year: 15800 t distillery stillage,

2700 t carrot pomace,

5500 t potato pulp,

5500 t corn silage,

2100 t waste protein

Input waste/substrate: 33 600 t/year


Biogas plant in Skrzatusz

The desire to manage waste from a nearby distillery, rotten fruit and

vegetables (the so-called plant-waste) from supermarkets resulted in the

construction of the first agro-industrial biogas plant in Poland.

Installation in Skrzatusz is one of the very few biogas plants in Poland,

which currently do not generate losses because as a raw material for

biogas production uses only the waste, most of which gets for free.

It was to be the first, pilot project of Zeneris company in the biogas

industry. The investor wanted to create its own design for the Polish

market, because the others offered a ready project brought in a briefcase

and not tailored to the needs of the real location.

The owner of biogas plant in Skrzatusz applied another way to ensure its

cost-effectiveness. He built the plant for drying wood. Thus the heat

produced from biogas can be fully utilized.

The biogas plant has its own biotechnological laboratory which makes

possible to test various raw materials and obtained data allows to

calculate how much of the substrate can be added.


Thank you for your attention !

Anna Pazera

Lodz University of Technology

[email protected]

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