policies toward family farming: major insights of a recent review
DESCRIPTION
Side Event at CFS organised by The Philippines and France October 8th, 2013 Jean-Michel Sourisseau for the Cirad team -What is and what weighs family farming? -A massive but diverse reality -Family farming is critical for food security -Productions and markets -Employment -Family and local solidarities -Natural ressources management -Paradoxes, tensions and threats -What policies towards sustainable family farming? -New roles for agriculture? -Changing the vision, re-investing in strategies and policiesTRANSCRIPT
Policies Toward Family Farming: Major Insights of a Recent Review
Developing public policies towards sustainable family farming
Side Event organised by The Philippines and France
October 8th, 2013
Jean-‐Michel Sourisseau for the Cirad team
Family Farming: essen%ally based on family labour A close link between family ↔ farm
Agriculture provides a living to 2,6 bn people and employs 1,3 bn workers
è 40% of world’s total and ac%ve popula%on Self-‐employment is the rule…
è Family farming is a massive phenomenon… and will keep its core posiKon for a while
What is and what weighs family farming?
Amazonia Bhutan
A massive but diverse reality
Family farming: è spreads across all con%nents and ecologies è is based on a wide range of technical knowledge è is connected to markets through all types of channels
Yaounde
Indonesia
Mali
Brazil
Benin
Family farming is criKcal for food security
è producing goods, supplying markets, generaKng incomes
è providing employment and sustaining livelihoods
è feeding intra familial and local solidariKes
è managing natural resources
è strengthening local development
ProducKons and markets
rice
plantains (bananas)
roots and tubers
coffee
cocoa
palm oil
cotton
rubber
PluriacKvity is widespread, strengthens cross-‐sector linkages and local development
Employment
China (497M 38%)
India (267M 20%)
Indonesia(48M 4%) Other Asia
(210M 16%)
Ssa Africa(203M 15%)
Brazil (11M 0,8%)
Mexico (8M 0,6%)
Other Latin América (23M 1,7%)
Europe (12M 1%)
Others (26M 2%)
Others (83M 7%) North Am (3M 0,2%)
source: FAOSTAT
Intrafamilial solidarity Kes … Social links shaping local development and idenKty
A safety net in case of crisis
Family and local solidariKes
Various impacts depending on: • technical systems, • popula%on density, • public policies
Natural ressources management
High environnemental
impact
autonomy dependance
Low environnemental
impact
A good knowledge of local biodiversity and ecosystems…
Family farming:
è concentrate 70% of world’s extreme poverty è oIen provides low labor income è some%mes hampers young people and women emancipa%on è Is challenged and has to struggle with more compe%%ve forms of agriculture
• for assets (and specially land)
• on markets, including domes%c ones
Paradoxes, tensions and threats
Type of farming Manual Green revoluKon, manual
Green revoluKon, animal tracKon
Motorized
% of world ag. workers 35% 32% 32% 2%
Nb of workers (millions) 450 410 410 30
Area/worker 1 ha 1 ha 5 ha 100 ha
Produc%on/worker 1 t 10 t 50 t 1000 t
As a result: producKvity gaps from 1 to 1000 between regions and types of farming
Breakdown based on Mazoyer (FAO, 2001)
Agricultural policies historically focused on producKon increase: • moderniza%on of farm structures • technical change è through massive supports: public investments, guaranteed prices, grants, subsidies, market protec%on
What policies towards sustainable family farming?
New roles for agriculture?
è Globally, the reproduc%on of the historical model based on convenKonal modernizaKon with high fossil energy and chemical contents is ques%oned è In order to reach sustainable development, there is a need for renewed public policies è Some significant shiIs are occurring in different regions and countries:
è new policies fostering “territorial” development è massive social policies è new types of training systems and supports in agriculture è experimenta%on of new technical systems
è In some countries, specially in La%n America, dual policies are being implemented
Changing the vision, re-‐invesKng in strategies and policies
è No room for unique and simplisKc responses è Re-‐invesKng in “tailor-‐made” development strategies è Family farming faces problems, but is also strongly part of the soluKon: the voice of family farmers is needed in the policy debate
The common challenge: to shi[ from narrow agricultural development models
to integrated and territorial models for sustainable development