POLITENESS STRATEGIES OF REQUEST FOUND IN

PRIDE AND PREJUDICE MOVIE

RESEARCH PAPER

Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education

in English Department

Created by:

ASRI DWI HASTARI

A 320 080 212

DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION

SCHOOL OF TEACHING TRAINING AND EDUCATION

MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA

2013

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TESTIMONY

Herewith, I testify that in this research paper, there is no plagiarism of the

previous literary work which has been raised to obtain bachelor degree of

university, nor there are opinions and masterpieces which have been written or

published by others, except those in which the writing are referred in manuscript

and mentioned in literary review and bibliography.

Hence, later, if it is proven that there are some untrue statements in this

testimony, hence I will hold fully responsible.

Surakarta, March 2013

ASRI DWI HASTARI

A 320 080 212

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MOTTO

“only dead fish go with the flow”

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DEDICATION

This research paper is dedicated especially to:

Jumaiyah, S.Pd, M.Si

A woman whom I could smell the heaven beneath her feet and

a woman with the hardest backbone in the world

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.

In the name of Allah SWT, the most gracious and merciful, the writer would

like to thank to Allah SWT, because of this mercies and blessings she can finish

writing her research entitled “Politeness Strategies of Request Found in Pride and

Prejudice Movie”.

In conducting this research, the writer gets some helps from many people.

On this very special occasion, the writer would like to express her great gratitude

and appreciation to those who helped her completing this research paper.

1. Drs. Sofyan Anif, M.Si, the Dean of School of Teacher Training and

Education of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.

2. Titis Setyabudi, S.S, M.Hum, the Head of Department of English Education.

3. Prof. Dr. Endang Fauziati, M.Hum, the first consultant for her patience in

providing continuous guidance, advice, suggestion and correction till the end

of this research.

4. Drs. Agus Wijayanto, MA, Ph.D, as the second consultant who has patiently

and kindly given additional idea, advice, suggestion, correction and

guidance from the beginning up to the completion of this research.

5. All the lecturers at Department of English Education of Muhammadiyah

University of Surakarta for the valuable knowledge and experiences.

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6. Her beloved mother for everything she has taught to the writer about life,

love, struggle, sacrifice, patience, kindness and cares. She is the biggest

inspiration for the writer.

7. Her father for everything he has done to the writer. There is no word that

can describe how the writer miss him.

8. The most amazing sibling in the world, Rizka Kusuma Wardhani and her

little family with Wahludi and Nabilah Najma Amirah. The writer really

wants to know her closer, not only as a sister but as a friend as well.

9. Irvan Prajudha Sukarno for everything the writer cannot count. Some may

call it destiny, some may call it meant to be, but the writer just calls it ‘you

and me’. Even though, how high the mountain and how deep the cave, the

writer will always pray that the beach keep being there to unify the writer

and him today, tomorrow and forever.

10. Rossy ‘Rose’ Youdhari for being the best mate in the last five years.

11. Vinami Yulian, S.Kep, Ns, MSc Nurs and Fitri Kurniawan, S.Pd, M.Res

wanna be, for taking the writer from desperation. Salam Aberdonian!

12. All friends in F Community and in Department of English Education that the

writer cannot mention one by one.

13. The big family of MALIMPA UMS. Forever the writer will be the

’09.26.003 MPA’. Keep the people, keep the passion, and keep the

adventure!

14. The members of MEDS. In the end, everybody can say ‘The judge is God’.

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15. The writer’s high school best friends she has ever had, Teteh, Meyez, Ocha,

Nana, Sarah, A’O, Ditha, Nurul, Besga and Tungtung.

16. Last but not least, those who cannot be mentioned one by one that have

supported the writer in finishing this research paper.

She realizes that this research paper is still far from being perfect because of

limited capability. Hence, revision, suggestion and structural criticism are hoped

for the perfection of this work. The writer does hope this study will be useful and

helpful for those who read it, especially those who are interested in Pragmatics

Study.

Surakarta, March 2013

Asri Dwi Hastari

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ABSTRACT

ASRI DWI HASTARI. A320080212. POLITENESS STRATEGIES OF

REQUEST FOUND IN PRIDE AND PREJUDICE MOVIE. Research Paper.

Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. 2013.

This study focuses on politeness strategy of request found in Pride and

Prejudice movie using Brown and Levinson’s theory. Someone should know how

to utter a polite request in English, because a request can threat both of the

speaker and hearer’s face. Speakers have to minimize the imposition in their

request. Therefore, the users of the language must give attention to the use of

politeness strategy especially in delivering request so that it can minimize the

potential of face loss. The purpose in using politeness strategy is to make people

can communicate in the right language based on the context when the

communication is occurred.

This research aims to investigate the following questions: (1) the types of

politeness strategies of request are used in Pride and Prejudice movie, (2) the

dominant types of politeness strategies of request are used in Pride and Prejudice

movie, and (3) the factors contribute to the choice of politeness strategies in

realizing request in Pride and Prejudice movie.

This research is a descriptive qualitative research. The data of this research

are the excerpts which contain politeness strategy of request utterances taken from

the conversation of the characters in Pride and Prejudice movie. The collected

data are analyzed by using Brown and Levinson’s theory of politeness strategy.

Then, the data are determined its type of politeness strategy based on the theory.

Finally the dominant type of politeness strategy of request and the factors

influencing it is determined. The last, conclusion is drawn.

The result of the study those are, 1) there are four types of politeness

strategies of request which are used by the characters of Pride and Prejudice

movie, those four strategies are Bald on Record, Positive Politeness, Negative

Politeness and Off Record, 2) the greatest amount of politeness strategy of request

which is used in Pride and Prejudice movie is Bald on Record that is 45 excerpts

or 61.64%, the second is Positive Politeness which is found in 8 excerpts or

10.96%, the others are Negative Politeness is found in 16 excerpts or 21.92%, and

Off Record is found in 4 excerpts or 5.48%, thus, the dominant type of politeness

strategy of request in Pride and Prejudice movie is Bald on Record, 3)

furthermore, the result shows that the characters in Pride and Prejudice movie

were influenced by two factors in realizing politeness strategy of request, those

factors are payoff and relevant circumstances cover ‘social distance’ (D) of

speaker and hearer, relative ‘power’ (P) of speaker and hearer, and the absolute

ranking (R) of imposition in the particular culture.

Key words: Pragmatics, Politeness, Politeness Strategy, Request

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE ........................................................................................................... i

APPROVAL ................................................................................................. ii

ACCEPTANCE ............................................................................................ iii

TESTIMONY ............................................................................................... iv

MOTTO ........................................................................................................ v

DEDICATION .............................................................................................. vi

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................ vii

ABSTRACT .................................................................................................. x

TABLE OF CONTENT ................................................................................ xi

LIST OF TABLE .......................................................................................... xiv

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ......................................................... 1

A. Background of the Study ......................................... 1

B. Problem of the Study ............................................... 6

C. Objective of the Study ............................................. 6

D. Significant of the Study ........................................... 7

E. Research Paper Organization .................................. 8

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE..................... 10

A. Previous Study ......................................................... 10

B. Theoretical Review .................................................. 21

1. Notion of Politeness Strategy ........................... 21

2. Brown and Levinson’s concept of Politeness

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Strategy ............................................................ 24

a. Brown and Levinson’s Notion of Face ...... 25

b. Brown and Levinson’s Classification of

Politeness Strategies ................................... 27

1) Bald on Record Strategy ...................... 27

2) Positive Politeness Strategy ................. 29

3) Negative Politeness Strategy ................ 33

4) Off Record Strategy ............................. 34

3. Speech Act of Request ..................................... 37

4. Classification of Request ................................. 40

5. Factors Influencing People to Use Politeness

Strategy in Request .......................................... 43

a. Payoffs ....................................................... 43

b. Relevant Circumstances ............................. 44

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD ................................................ 48

A. Type of the Research ............................................... 48

B. Object of the Research............................................. 48

C. Data and data Source ............................................... 49

D. Technique of the Data Collection ............................ 49

E. Technique of Analyzing Data ................................. 50

CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION............... 51

A. Research Finding ..................................................... 51

1. Types of Politeness Strategies of Request

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Which Are Used in Pride and Prejudice

Movie ............................................................... 51

a. Bald on Record .......................................... 51

b. Positive Politeness ..................................... 59

c. Negative Politeness .................................... 70

d. Off Record ................................................. 79

2. The Dominant Types of Politeness Strategies

Of Request Used in Pride and Prejudice

Movie ............................................................... 83

3. The Factors Contribute to the Choice of

Politeness Strategies in Realizing Request in

Pride and Prejudice Movie .............................. 87

B. Discussion of The Finding....................................... 150

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION.......................... 155

A. Conclusion ............................................................... 155

B. Pedagogical Implications......................................... 157

C. Suggestion ............................................................... 158

BIBLIOGRAPHY

APPENDIX

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LIST OF THE TABLE

Table 1 Result of the analysis ................................................................. 86