political and administrative structure and system.pptx

7/27/2019 Political and Administrative Structure and System.pptx

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POLITICAL ANDADMINISTRATIVE STRUCTUAND SYSTEMRepresented by Tomy Paulino, Stella Perreras, Jezza Palomo, andAndreana Crucillo


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EVENTS THAT LED COLONIZ

Miguel Lopez de Legazpis conquest to the Philippines granted bII with the title Adelantado de Filipinas

o Ununited barangays and fragments of islands made it easier for thconquistadores to take over.

Pacification of the Indios was caused by the Cross into reshaping

o En cada fraile tenia el rey en Filipinas un capitan general y un eje( In each friar in the Philippines they had a captain and a whole arm


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REAL Y SUPREMO CONSELAS

Royal and Supreme Council of the Indies

Governed all Spanish possessions

Guided by compendium of laws (Recopilacion de leyes de los reIndias)

Consejo de las Indias was supplanted by theMinistro de Ultramar

Colonies)The king: the paramount lawmaker and administrator overseeing


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ENCOMIENDA SYSTEM

Earliest political system used during the conquista period.

Conquistadores, friars, and native nobels (encomenderos) were gstates in exchange for their services to the king.

o Collect tribute

o Tasked to provide military protection, justice and governance

o Provide soldiers for the king and defend the colony from invaders

Abused and replaced by administrative provinces headed by almayor


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PLAZA

Central are for town activities and location of government buildinchurch, residential areas, etc.

Relocation of the indigenous people

Resettlement as a way of closer administrative control and super

Reflected the emergence of the social stratification that caused

intermediaries between the Spanish and natives to be define.


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THE THREE PROPS OF PTraditional barangay authority

o Cabeceracapital of the parish; built and designed to be the locvillage

o Incorporating native hierarchy of authority with colonial administra

o Insured the measure of social continuity that eased the acceptanforeign rule

o Recruitment of barrio and poblacion officials, making chiefs as pol

Political privileges

o Using duties to enrich themselves (gobernadorcillo and cabeza de

Economic power

o Introduction of private property as a source of wealth

o Traditional authority made it simple to secure formal ownership of l

o Easier transaction for land ownership


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BUREAUCRACY

Centralized colonial government

Different levels of administration


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NATIONAL GOVERNME

Seat of power (Manila)

Governed by the Governor-General (Gobernador y Capitan Gen

o Sole representative of the king

o Highest ranking official in the Philippines

o Exercised executive, (certain) legislative, judicial power

o

Comander-in-chief of the army and the navyo Vice-real patron: had the power over ecclesiastical appointments a

to supervise mission work

o Usually a Peninsular (Spaniard born in Spain) to ensure loyalty of thethe crown


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PROVINCIAL GOVERNM Local government unit

Unpacified military zones (Corregimiento)

o Mariveles and mindoror

o Headed by the coregidores

Pacified provinces and districts (alcaldia/provincial/hukuman)

o Headed by the alcalde mayor

o Indulto de Comercio

o Reform Decree of 1886


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PROVINCIAL GOVERNEM

city governments (ayuntamientos)

Center of trade and industries

City council (Cabildo)

Alcalde (Mayor)

Regidores (Councillors)

Alguacil Mayor(Police chief)

Escribano (Secretary

8 Ayuntamietnos: Manila, Iloilo, Cebu, Jaro, Batangas, Albay, Nueva CVigan

6 cities (Villas) in Luzon and Visayas: Manila, Villa Fernandina (Vigan), N(Lal-lo, Cagayan), Nueva Caceres (Naga), and Arevalo (Villa, Iloilo)


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MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT

Filipino Bureaucrats

Pueblo/ Municipio (Town)o Headed by Gobernadorcillo (little governor)o Highest government position a Filipino (Prinicipalias) can attaino Intervened in all administrative cases pertaining to his towno Assisted by three supernumeraries or inspectors who supervised mat

(boundaries lieutenants or districts and secretaries)Teniente Mayor(chief lieutenant)

Teniente de Policia (police lieutenant)

Teniente de Sementeras (lieutenant of the fields)

Teniente de Ganados (lieutenant of the livestock)

o Requirements: Chinese mestizos, 25 years old, literate in oral or writteand has been a Cabeza de Barangay (4 years)

o Maura LawReoranzied town governments with the aim of making them effective a

autonomous

Named after Don Antonio Maura (Spanish Minister of Colonies)


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BARRIO GOVERNMEN

Filipino Bureaucrats

Village or district

Headed by the cabeza de barangay (barrio administrator)

o Tax collector for the governadorcillo

o Philip II: to show them good treatment and entrust them, in our nam

government of the Indians, of whom they were formerly the lords.


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RESIDENCIA AND VISITA

Checks the abuse of power of royal officials

Ensures faithful and efficient service on the part of the governauthorities


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RESIDENCIA

Special judicial court that investigates the performance of the GoGeneral going to be replaced

Judicial review of aresidenciado (one judged) conducted at theterm

o Supervised publicly by ajuez de residencia

If found guilty, heavy fines, sequestration of properties, imprisonmdismissed from office or expelled from the colony.


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ROYAL AUDIENCIA

Served as an advisory body to the Governor General

Power to check and report his abuses

Audited the expenditures of the colonial government

Sent a yearly report


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AMALGAMATION OF CHAND

The concept of the service of "both Majesties":God and king as aunion of Church and State.

Dual authority gave rise to jurisdictional disputes

Malolos Constitution brought about the separation Of Church an

Marcelo H. del Pilar called the situation in the Philppinessoberani

(monastic supremacy) orFrailocracia (frailocracy)The friars were not only the parish priests or spiritual guides, but in

were rulers

political and administrative structure and system.pptx

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