Population Study of Sangli Miraj & Kupwad

Index

Introduction Area of Study Hypothesis Methodology History of Sangli District Introduction of Sangli Miraj & Kupwad Results and Discussions Conclusion Summery Bibliography

Introduction

Population Studies is a broad social science discipline concerned with the study of human populations in relation to their size, composition and geographical distribution, the changes which occur in these over time and the factors associated with these changes. The discipline emphasises the empirical investigation of population processes, including the conceptualisation and measurement of these processes and the study of their determinants and consequences. Population studies is also concerned with the broader nature of social and economic change, and with the impact of demographic change on the natural environment. The concepts of population studies have an important role to play in understanding of social change. Population Studies is an essential component of many activities, social and market research, physical and environmental use planning, administration, and in particular people-centred development planning.

POPULATION STUDY AND ITS SIGNIFICANCEDemography is the statistical description and analysis of human population. It refers to ascertaining the numbers and distribution of people, changes in the numbers and distribution of people over time, age and sex composition, birth and death rates among various quantities of populations.Study of population seeks to discover the causes and consequences of population changes. The changes in population take place primarily due to changes in births, deaths and migration, which are referred to as the three components of population change. As an interplay of these three components one looks at the number of total persons which is usually referred to as size; the characteristics of population, calledcomposition; and where are these people located, labeled as distribution of population. Prior to the discussion of the significance of the study of population it seems pertinent to explain some of the basic concepts likely to be used in this discourse.

BASIC CONCEPTSCrude Birth Rate: The number of live births per year per thousand of the population.Total births in a specific year

---------------------------------- X 1000Total population in that yearThe CBR is "crude" because (1) it does not take into account, which people in the population were actuallyat risk of having births, and (2) it ignores the age structure of the population.Crude birth rates are very general statistics that are useful for making overall comparisons between differentgroups, societies and regions.Fertility: The number of live-born children the average woman has. It may be called child women ratio.Total No. of children aged 0-4 in year X-------------------------------------------------Total No. of women aged 15-49 in year XA fertility rate is usually calculated as the average number of births per thousand women of childbearing age(15-49 years).Total births in year X----------------------------------- X 1000Total women aged 15-49Fecundity: The potential number of children a normal woman is biologically capable of bearing. It isphysically possible for a normal woman to bear a child every year during part of her life when she is capableof conception. While there may be families in which a woman bears twenty or more children, fertility rateare always much lower than fecundity rates because social and cultural factors limit breeding.Crude Death Rate: The number of deaths per thousand of the population per year.Total death in a specific year----------------------------------- X 1000Total population in that yearCrude death rates are also called as mortality rates.Mortality: The number of deaths in a population.Infant Mortality Rate: The number of babies per thousand live births in any year who die before reachingthe age of one year.Life Expectancy: The number of years an average person can expect to live. Life expectancy has increasedin most societies in the world in the past century.Life Span: The maximum number of years that an individual could live.

Population Census:The simultaneous recording of demographic data by government, at a particular time, pertaining to all persons who live in a particular territory. It usually takes place after every 10 years.

Vital Statistics: Registration of a person's birth, changes in civil status throughout his/her lifetime, and his/her death.SIGNIFICANCE OF POPULATIONS STUDYThere are three main questions to look into the significance of population study:1. How many people? It refers to the size of the population in a territory. While looking at the size, one also looks at the changes that are taking place in the size. How are these changesbeing effected by the trends in birth rate, death rate, and in migration?2.What kind of people? It refers to the composition of the population. The compositionincludes the characteristics of the population with respect to the age structure, sex differences, literacy rate and levels of literacy, religious distribution, languages people speak, occupational structure, housing structure, etc. In addition to the absolute figures showing the characteristics one also looks at the changes that might be taking place in the composition of the population as well as its future implications.3.How are people distributed in the area? Distribution of population refers to the dispersion of people in a territory like the rural-urban distribution, size of cities, densities of population.Analysis of the distribution takes into account the prospective changes as well as its futureeffects.People belonging to different walks of life are interested in the existing as well as the foreseeable trends in the size, composition and distribution of population.For example a planner is looking at the size of the population because he has to tie it with other social and economic resources of the country. He has to look into the correlations between the size of population and the economic development of the country. How are the changes in population size influencing the economic development and vice a versa? The composition of the population may be reflective of quality of the human resource, which can be utilized for the development of the economy. The changes in the composition may also suggest the kind of investments needed in the various components of the population.The distribution of population is of specific interest to the planner when he has to look into the varying needs of people at different places.From the political perspective one has to look into the size of population while determining the boundaries of constituent areas as well as the number of members of the National Assembly, the Senate, and Provincial Assemblies. The information about the composition as well as the distribution of population helps in the determining the number of voters, the type of voters, and the location of voters.A businessman shall be interested in the population because he uses the manpower in the production of goods and services and ultimately he shall be looking for the consumers of his goods and services. At various stage of his business operations he shall be interested in all the three components of population i.e., size, composition, and distribution. He produces goods and services keeping in view the characteristics of the ultimate consumers.The study of population is of utmost significance to an educationist because he has to look into the educational needs of the population and arrange the facilities accordingly. What is the size of population, of which how many are of school going age, what is the their gender, what is the occupational background of their parents, where are they located - in rural/urban areas, are some of the pertinent questions about which he should have enough information prior to chalking out an action program. The study of population helps in providing the relevant information.

These examples suggest that in whatever field we work, the demographic information is of utmost value for planning, implementation, and success of any plan. The causes and consequences of changes in the size, composition, and distribution of population have a bearing on the socio economic development of the country.

Area of Study

In this study we have selected a twin city called Sangli-Miraj & Kupwad which is a Municipal Corporation.

Hypothesis

THEORY OF POPULATION GROWTHIn pre-modern societies, birth rates were very high by the standards of industrialized world today.

Nonetheless, population growth quite was low until the 18th century because there was a rough overall balance between births and deaths. The general trend of the numbers was upwards, and there were sometimes periods of more marked population increase, but these were followed by increase in death rates.

During the period of the rise industrialism, many looked forward to a new age in which scarcity would be a phenomenon of the past. The development of modern industry, it was widely supposed, would create a new era of abundance in which standards of living would rise. These ideas were criticized by Thomas Robert Malthus (1766-1834), a clergyman and an economist.

For this study we will check the theory of population growth with reference to Sangli Miraj & Kupwad City.

Methodology

A) Primary Data – it is a firsthand information, which is collected for the first time. the primary data is collected through,

1) Interview 2) Observation

We have collected the data by interviewing the various officers of statistical department of government bodies like SMKC Municipal Corporation & Registrar of Birth and Deathsand also observations from various researchers of this topic.

B) Secondary Data :- Secondary data is

1) Text, Newspaper, Magazines, Websites & office records of the organizations.

For This we have sourced the data from various records of SMKC Municipal Corporation as well as data from census department. We have also gathered vital information from various government websites and other websites.

Objectives:

The following are the objectives of population education.

1. To provide knowledge and understanding of the prevailing situation.

2. Create awareness among the students about population matters, environment, and supply and demand of essential commodities.

3. Provide necessary skill to evaluate the impact and consequence of population growth on society.

4. To give the knowledge of population policy and population measures.

5. To provide the knowledge of causes of population growth and government's efforts to check it.

6. To develop awareness on the population dynamics.

7. To provide the knowledge of manpower management and resource development.

8. To enable students to know the merit of small family.

9. To known the causes of urbanization and its related problems.

10. To know about the causes of deforestation and ecological imbalance.

Results and Discussions

History of Sangli District

Sangli district is a district of Maharashtra state in west-central India. Sangli city is the district headquarters. The district is 24.51% urban. Sangli and Miraj are the largest cities.[2] The industrial town of Kirloskarwadi is also located in the Sangli District. Industrialist Laxmanrao Kirloskar started his first factory here. It is known as the sugar bowl of India due to its high sugarcane productivity. Sangli District is one of the most fertile and highly developed district in Maharashtra. The District is very popular as a political power house in the state. Sangli District has given many popular politician's and bureaucrat's till date. Sangli has a rich history and cultural heritage. E-Media often refer's Sangli District as the Heaven Of Farmer's.

The district of Sangli is a recent creation made as late as in 1949. It was then known as South Satara and it has been renamed as Sangli since 1961. It is partly made up of a few talukas which once formed part of the old Satara district and partly of the States and jahagirs belonging to Patvardhans, and Dafles which came to be merged during the post-independence period. Kundal, the region around Sangli, was the capital of the Chalukyas. Kundal was an ancient village, around 1,600 years old. Kaundanyapur (its old name) was a part of Karnataka.[3] Pulakeshin I chose Vatapi (Badami in Karnataka) as his capital. Kundal was home tofreedom fighters like Krantisigha Nana Patil,

Shamrao Lad, Captain Ramchandra Lad, G.D. Lad, Shankar Jangam, and Housabai Jangam. Marathi is main language spoken. Kannada is also widely spoken here. Narsinhpur, an ancient village is also in Sangli district. Laxmi-Narsinh Ancient Temple is there from around A.D.1100-1200 period. Sant Namdeo, Sidheshwar maharaj, Tatya Tope were used to stay in the village in ancient period. This village history is also found in "GURU CHARITRA"

Sangli District is located in the western part of Maharashtra. It is bounded by Satara and Solapur districts to the north, Bijapur District, Karnataka to the east, Kolhapur and Belgaum, Karnataka districts to the south, and Ratnagiri to the west.

Sangli district is situated in the river basins of the Warna and Krishna rivers. Other small rivers, such as the Warana and thePanchganga, flow into the River Krishna. Land in the region is suitable for agriculture.

According to the 2011 census Sangli district has a population of 2,820,575,[4] roughly equal to the nation of Jamaica[5] or the US state of Kansas.[6] This gives it a ranking of 137th in India (out of a total of 640).[4] The district has a population density of 329 inhabitants per square kilometre (850/sq mi) .[4] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 9.18%.[4] Sangli has a sex ratio of 964 females for every 1000 males,[4] and a literacy rate of 82.62%.[4]Marathi is the main language, Kannada is also spoken widely.

Introduction of Sangli Miraj & Kupwad

Sangli-Miraj-Kupwad is a city and a municipal corporation in Sangli district in the Indian state of Maharashtra.

Sangli is situated on the banks of river Krishna. Miraj is a railway junction, a major healthcare center and an export hub of classical Indian musical instruments. Famous hospitals like Wanless Hospital, Kripamayee Mental Hospital and Richardson Leprosy Hospitals are based in Miraj.

Kupwad, formerly a small town, now mainly houses the MIDC industrial area.Kupwad MIDC is an industrial area harbouring many foundries, spinning mills, chocolate factories, oil manufacturing, cold storage etc. Notable foundries are Tulsi foundry, J sons foundry. Lotte is chocolate manufacturing industry. Notable spinning mills like Toto Toya spin ltd. Oil manufacturing frctory( Chakan oil mills). Kupwad town has a Employees' State Insurance Hospital (ESIS Hospital) for the Insured persons and their family who are working in Kupwad MIDC area.

Governance

The Sangli Miraj Kupwad Municipal Corporation is the governing body of the mini metropolitan area of Sangli Miraj Kupwad. The municipal corporation consists of democratically-elected members, is headed by a mayor and administers the city's infrastructure, public services and police. Members from the state's leading various political parties hold elected offices in the corporation. The Sangli Miraj Kupwad Municipal Corporation was created on 28 February 1998 by the merger of the previously separate municipal councils of Sangli, Miraj and Kupwad.[1] Sangli had been the district administrative centre and Miraj and Kupwad were small towns located within 10-km distance from Sangli.[1]

The Sangli-Miraj-Kupwad City Municipal Corporation is the local self-government body which looks after development. This is the largest municipal corporation in South Maharashtra and serves a population of 0.65 million. This has carved a name for itself as the best municipal corporation of South Maharashtra.[citation needed] The corporation has planned and constructed a number of wide roads in the city, thereby reducing traffic density on the crowded streets. The municipal corporation has come up with several unique ideas for city beautification, lake development, shopping centers, sanitation, slum eradication and waste management, ideas that have been widely recognized throughout the country.

Results

Sangli District : Census 2011 data

An official Census 2011 detail of Sangli, a district of Maharashtra has been released by Directorate of Census Operations in Maharashtra. Enumeration of key persons was also done by census officials in Sangli District of Maharashtra.

In 2011, Sangli had population of 2,822,143 of which male and female were 1,435,728 and 1,386,415 respectively. In 2001 census, Sangli had a population of 2,583,524 of which males were 1,320,088 and remaining 1,263,436 were females. Sangli District population constituted 2.51 percent of total Maharashtra population. In 2001 census, this figure for Sangli District was at 2.67 percent of Maharashtra population.

There was change of 9.24 percent in the population compared to population as per 2001. In the previous census of India 2001, Sangli District recorded increase of 16.93 percent to its population compared to 1991.

Sangli District Density 2011

The initial provisional data released by census India 2011, shows that density of Sangli district for 2011 is 329 people per sq. km. In 2001, Sangli district density was at 301 people per sq. km. Sangli district administers 8,572 square kilometers of areas.

Sangli Literacy Rate 2011

Average literacy rate of Sangli in 2011 were 81.48 compared to 76.62 of 2001. If things are looked out at gender wise, male and female literacy were 88.22 and 74.59 respectively. For 2001 census, same figures stood at 86.26 and 66.73 in Sangli District. Total literate in Sangli District were 2,049,467 of which male and female were 1,121,550 and 927,917 respectively. In 2001, Sangli District had 1,717,836 in its district.

Sangli Sex Ratio 2011

With regards to Sex Ratio in Sangli, it stood at 966 per 1000 male compared to 2001 census figure of 957. The average national sex ratio in India is 940 as per latest reports of Census 2011 Directorate. In 2011 census, child sex ratio is 867 girls per 1000 boys compared to figure of 851 girls per 1000 boys of 2001 census data.

Sangli Child Population 2011

In census enumeration, data regarding child under 0-6 age were also collected for all districts including Sangli. There were total 306,777 children under age of 0-6 against 341,643 of 2001 census. Of total 306,777 male and female were 164,355 and 142,422 respectively. Child Sex Ratio as per census 2011 was 867 compared to 851 of census 2001. In 2011, Children under 0-6 formed 10.87 percent of Sangli District compared to 13.22 percent of 2001. There was net change of -2.35 percent in this compared to previous census of India.

Sangli Houseless Census

In 2011, total 626 families live on footpath or without any roof cover in Sangli district of Maharashtra. Total Population of all who lived without roof at the time of Census 2011 numbers to 2,277. This approx 0.08% of total population of Sangli district.

Sangli Religion-wise Data 2011

Description Total Percentage

Hindu 2,440,312 86.47 %

Muslims 239,607 8.49 %

Christian 9,098 0.32 %

Description Total Percentage

Sikh 1,260 0.04 %

Buddhist 38,210 1.35 %

Jain 87,453 3.10 %

Others 769 0.03 %

Not Stated

5,434 0.19 %

Sangli Population 2015

What is the population of Sangli in 2015? The fact is, last census for Sangli district was done only in 2011 and next such census would only be in 2021. There is no actual figure for population of Sangli district situated in Maharashtra. As per 2011, Sangli population is 2,822,143

Sangli District Urban/Rural 2011

Out of the total Sangli population for 2011 census, 25.49 percent lives in urban regions of district. In total 719,357

people lives in urban areas of which males are 364,604 and females are 354,753. Sex Ratio in urban region of

Sangli district is 973 as per 2011 census data. Similarly child sex ratio in Sangli district was 889 in 2011 census.

Child population (0-6) in urban region was 76,494 of which males and females were 40,500 and 35,994. This child

population figure of Sangli district is 11.11 % of total urban population. Average literacy rate in Sangli district as per

census 2011 is 86.24 % of which males and females are 90.63 % and 81.76 % literates respectively. In actual

number 554,373 people are literate in urban region of which males and females are 293,744 and 260,629

respectively. 

As per 2011 census, 74.51 % population of Sangli districts lives in rural areas of villages. The total Sangli district

population living in rural areas is 2,102,786 of which males and females are 1,071,124 and 1,031,662 respectively.

In rural areas of Sangli district, sex ratio is 963 females per 1000 males. If child sex ratio data of Sangli district is

considered, figure is 859 girls per 1000 boys. Child population in the age 0-6 is 230,283 in rural areas of which

males were 123,855 and females were 106,428. The child population comprises 11.56 % of total rural population of

Sangli district. Literacy rate in rural areas of Sangli district is 79.84 % as per census data 2011. Gender wise, male

and female literacy stood at 87.39 and 72.12 percent respectively. In total, 1,495,094 people were literate of which

males and females were 827,806 and 667,288 respectively. 

All details regarding Sangli District have been processed by us after receiving from Govt. of India. We are not

responsible for errors to population census details of Sangli District.

Description Rural Urban

Population (%) 74.51 % 25.49 %

Total Population 2,102,786 719,357

Male Population 1,071,124 364,604

Female Population

1,031,662 354,753

Sex Ratio 963 973

Child Sex Ratio (0-6)

859 889

Child Population (0-6)

230,283 76,494

Description Rural Urban

Male Child(0-6) 123,855 40,500

Female Child(0-6) 106,428 35,994

Child Percentage (0-6)

10.95 % 10.63 %

Male Child Percentage

11.56 % 11.11 %

Female Child Percentage

10.32 % 10.15 %

Literates 1,495,094 554,373

Male Literates 827,806 293,744

Female Literates 667,288 260,629

Average Literacy 79.84 % 86.24 %

Male Literacy 87.39 % 90.63 %

Female Literacy 72.12 % 81.76 %

City/Metros in Sangli District

Urban Agglomerations inside District Population Male Female

Sangli (Urban Agglomeration) 513,961 259,320 254,641

Cities inside Sangli District Population Male Female

Sangli Miraj Kupwad (Municipal Corporation)

502,793 253,640 249,153

Cities, Towns and Outgrowth WardsThe population development of the cities, towns and outgrowth wards in Sangli.

Name StatusDistric

tCity of Outgrowth

PopulationCensus

1991-03-01

PopulationCensus

2001-03-01

PopulationCensus

2011-03-01

Ashta Municipal Council Sangli 27,405 33,203 37,105

Budhgaon Census Town Sangli ... 14,728 14,666

Madhavnagar Census Town Sangli 11,834 10,993 11,168

Sangli Miraj Kupwad Municipal Corporation Sangli 193,197 436,781 502,793

Tasgaon Municipal Council Sangli 29,392 33,457 37,945

Name StatusDistric

tCity of Outgrowth

PopulationCensus

1991-03-01

PopulationCensus

2001-03-01

PopulationCensus

2011-03-01

Uran Islampur Municipal Council Sangli 42,459 58,330 67,391

Vita Municipal Council Sangli 32,018 41,804 48,289

Source: Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner (web), Delimitation Commission of India (web), Rand McNally International Atlas 1994, School of Planning & Architecture (web).

Old Records: (Sangli District)

POPULATION

According to 1961 Census the population of Sangli district is 12,30,716 or 371 per square mile. Of this 6,28,754 are males and 6,01,962 are females. Hindus form the largest section representing 84.49 per cent of the total population. Muslims come next, representing 6.17 per cent of the population. Buddhists, Jains, Christians and others follow in that order representing 4.57, 3.93 and 0.82 per cent of the total population. Whereas Hindus and Buddhists are more numerous in rural areas than in urban areas, Muslims and Christians are more numerous in urban areas. Persons belonging to Scheduled Castes number 1,02,080 (or 8.29 per cent of the total population), of whom 52,062 are males and 50,018 are females. Of these 87.57 per cent people are the residents of the rural areas. The Scheduled Tribes are also found in the rural areas. They account only for a small percentage (0.05) of the district population.

Livelihood Pattern.

Of the total population of 12,30,716 souls in the district, 5,31,478 are workers. [For the definition of worker— See Census of India, Vol. X, 1961, Maharastra p. 3.] (m. 3,36,707; f. 1,94,771) Of these 2,09,477 males and 1,43,241  females work as cultivators, 39,154 males and 33,045 females work as agricultural labourers, 2,564 males and 307 females work in Mining, Quarrying, Live-stock, Forestry, Fishing. Hunting, Plantations, Orchards, and allied activities, 21,713 males and 10,001 females are engaged in household industry, 14,077 males and 843 females in manufacturing, 4,047 males and 425 females in construction, 13,768 males and 1,698 females in Trade and Transport, 5,759 males and 94 females in Transport, Storage and Communications and 26,148 males and 5,117 females in other services. Of the non-workers 2,92,047 are males and 4,07,191 are females.

The proportion of cultivators to the total population in the district is very high—66.37 per cent—against that for the whole State which stands at 46.11 per cent. The same for agricultural labourers is 13.58 as against the State proportion of 23.80 per cent. The ratio between cultivators and agricultural labourers is 5:1. In 1951 cultivators and agricultural labourers (including earning dependents), constituted 71.55 per cent and 7.73 per cent of the total workers, respectively. For 1961, the corresponding figures are 66.37 per cent and 13.58 per cent. The increase in the proportion of agricultural labourers in 1961 over that of 1951 may be partly due to the increase in the area under irrigation and sugarcane in the decade. It is also likely that of the total number of persons engaged both as cultivators and agricultural labourers in 1961, more persons might have returned agricultural labour as their principal occupation than in 1951 [Census Handbook, Sangli, 1961.].

Migration.

According to the 1961 Census, out of the total population of 12,30,716 (m. 6,28,754; f. 6,01,962) 7,64,375 person (m. 4,75,497; f. 2,88,878) or 62.16 per cent were born at the places of enumeration, 3,00,606 (m. 92,048; f. 2,08,558) or 24.45 per cent were born elsewhere in the district and the rest i.e., 1,64,721 (m. 60,795; f. 1,03,926) or 13.39 per cent were born outside the district but were enumerated within the district while the census was being taken. The following table gives the proportion of population enumerated at places of birth and other places to the total population as per the 1961 Census: —

TABLE No. 1

PROPORTION OF POPULATION AT PLACES OF BIRTH, SANGLI

(1)Total population Place of

EnumerationElsewhere in the

districtOutside the district but in

Mahara- straOutside Mahara-

stra

(2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

Persons 12,30,716 7,64,375 3,00,606 1,12,320 52,401

Males 6,28,754 4.75,497 92,048 38,782 22,013

Females 6,01,162 2,88,878 2,08,558 73,538 30,388

Percentage to total

Population— -- -- -- -- --

Persons 100.00 62.16 24.45 9.13 4.26

Males 100.00 75.68 14.65 6.17 3.50

Females 100.00 48.04 34.68 12.23 5.05

Of those born outside Sangli district, 9.13 per cent were bora in Maharastra and 4.26 per cent out of Maharastra.

The table indicates that the proportion of females born at places of enumeration is only 48.04 per cent against 75.68 per cent that of males to total population. The difference is due to women married at places other than their places of birth. Two-thirds of this movement of females on marriage appears to be within the district and one-third outside the district. As the district is on the State boundary the volume of inter-State migration of females is as much as 5.05 per cent.

The census data according to the sex-ratios in urban and rural areas of the district indicate that the rural sex-ratio is higher than urban sex-ratio except in the age-groups 55—59 and 60 and over. These differences are more pronounced in adult age-groups among which the age-group 20—24 has the highest ratio. The rural sex-ratio is very high in this age-group compared to the corresponding ratio for urban areas. The high sex-ratios for age-groups 20—24 and 25—29 in urban, rural and total population is due to the movement of males in these age-groups outside the district in search of employment and/or for higher education. The balance in sex-ratios is attained in the old age-group, due partly to the return of the migrants to their usual places of residence after retirement from jobs and services.

Data on the percentage distribution of male population by economic activity shows that the percentage of workers in cultivation is higher for those born at the place of enumeration. The percentage of agricultural labourers is higher among the people born outside. It was found that the migrants were engaged more in non-agricultural sectors.

Conclusion

From Above study we can conclude on following things:-

Economic Development Planner

Types of decisions

Who should be targeted for retail and service activities? What segments of the population would shop at the shopping center? Where do the potential customers live and work? Where should the shopping center be located to attract the most people? What types of employees are needed and where will they come from? How far will people drive to shop at the center?

In this case study the planner must decide on the types of stores and services that can be profitable at the regional shopping center. The potential demand for goods and services is based on the population characteristics of the area. He or she must examine the past, current and future characteristics of the population in the region. The planner also needs to analyze this information spatially (by census tracts, or other geographic units) to select possible locations. The planner must also identify labor needs, that is the type of work force that is required to work in the mall.

Population Information

A demographic profile that includes population trends and changes in the composition of the population including age and sex, income levels, occupation, educational attainment and household size can help identify potential customers for the shopping center. The profile can also help determine available labor for jobs in sales and services. Much of this information is available in census reports.

Types of analysis

Tools that project the total population size such as prorating and extrapolation tools can assist the planner in determining the future population size of potential locations. A demographic profile that includes an assessment of past and current population trends and changes in the composition of the population including income levels, occupation, educational attainment and household size can also help determine the best location to build the regional shopping center.

The cohort component projection allows the planner to understand the characteristics of future customers and future labor for the shopping center. Youth between the ages of 16—24 and women with young children tend to work part time as sales clerks. The projection also provides information on the number of different types of potential customers. Youth ages 12—20 spend a great deal of money on entertainment and clothes. Older adults in the 30—50 age groups purchase items for the home and household. The planner will use this tool to see which age groups have the highest proportion of people. Information on the growth or decline of segment of the population combined with economic data on shopping patterns can help determine the types of stores and services to place in the mall.

Development Planner with the Ministry of Health

This case study requires the planner to project the number of children that will require immunizations in the year 2020. For this case study, the planner must plan health care services for children that have not been born.

Demographic information

A demographic profile that includes assessments of fertility trends is needed. This includes studying the age specific fertility rate, the total fertility rate and the general fertility rate for several points in time. The objective is to determine if fertility is declining, increasing or remaining the same. High levels of fertility suggest that a country will have a high proportion of youth. Information on factors that influence fertility should also be collected such as data on infant mortality and child mortality rates, family planning use (contraceptive prevalence rates) and educational and career opportunities for women. Census data and fertility studies are needed for the analysis. Demographic and Health Surveys provide a wealth of information on fertility trends, infant and child mortality rates, current coverage of childhood immunizations and family planning use.

As part of the profile, the planner can develop several population pyramids to observe past, present and future growth in the number of children under the age of 5 and the number of women in their reproductive years. Tables that display the age and sex distribution of the country for several points in time should accompany the pyramids to help observe changes that are taking place.

Identifying Districts with the Greatest Need

The cohort component projection tool allows the planner to project the number of births that will take place during the projection period. In this case it would be 2 projection cycles, from years 2010–2015 and from years 2015–2020. The number of projected births will help the planner determine the number of health clinics, staff, vehicles and medicine to procure to meet future needs. Cohort component projections for all districts in the country will help the Ministry of Health determine which districts will require the most resources in future years.

Determining How Many Children Will Need Immunizations

The cohort component method uses age-specific fertility rates to determine the number of expected births that will occur during the projection period. This information can be useful in determining the expected number of new children that will require immunizations. These projections can be calculated for all districts.

Estimating Resources Needs

The cohort component projection provides information on the future number of children under age 5 for each district. Projections of the expected number of children under age 5, along with information on existing staff, medicine, clinics, and other available resources, will help the Ministry of Health allocate resources among the districts.

Land Use Planner: Capital City

In this case study the city planning agency is concerned about the impact of population growth and change on its ability to implement its urban land use plan. These plans are usually developed to guide the physical, social and economic development of a city for a 20-year period. The plan guides decisions concerning residential, commercial, industrial and recreational uses of land. These plans also guide decisions concerning the spatial location of infrastructure such as public water and sewer facilities, roads and public transportation, and community facilities such as schools, parks, health clinics and hospitals, and fire and police protection.

Types of population information

To understand the impact of population change on implementing the comprehensive, the planner must study past, current and future population trends. This includes changes in the current and future size of the population as well as changes in the composition of the population.

Examining changes in the composition

The unit of analysis is the census tract or other unit of geographic measurement within the city. The planner wants to know where growth or decline is taking and among which segments of the population. Maps are needed to spatially indicate changing demographic characteristics in the city. Analysis of the composition includes an investigation into the age and sex structure, occupation, education, income, ethnicity, and household structure and size. The planners may also wish to examine changes in the housing characteristics in the city to determine where the quality of housing has increased or decreased. The census of housing can help planners revised housing strategies and infrastructure plans.

Suggestions

Ways Population Analysis is Used in the Private and Public Sectors

Private Sector Planning

In the private sector (e.g., business) demographic information is equal to consumer information. Businesses use population characteristics, and demographic data to:

Identify profitable locations for goods and services

Selection of retail sites is usually based on population composition and the expected growth of its segments.

Perform production analysis

Determine characteristics of potential customers who may buy services or products. This analysis includes how the composition and location of the population are changing over time.

Develop advertising strategies

Marketing products to different segments of the population such as youth, baby boomers, elderly, high income, etc.

Perform strategic planning

Tracking the growth or decline of existing markets, finding new markets and determining what new or existing products are most likely to be successful among different population groups.

The private sector is basically concerned about the "demand" and "location" for products and services. The composition or characteristics of the population is used as indicators of purchasing behavior. The business community also uses population information including estimates of population growth to identify the most profitable locations for goods and services in the future.

Public Sector Planning

Planners in the public sector use demographic information and analysis to assist with a number of planning decisions as indicated below.

Planners use population information to determine the demand of services among different segments of the population. Demand is determined by the composition of the population and how it is changing over time — age-sex distribution, martial status, household types, occupation distribution, spatial distribution of the population, educational levels and income levels.

Planners also study the present and future composition of the population and its spatial distribution to identify the best locations to provide services to meet local needs.

Planners also examine population characteristics to determine the feasibility for new programs. A village may ask the government for a new school. Planners assess the age-sex distribution at present and in the future to determine whether or not its feasible to construct a new facility.

Planners are also concerned about the impact of new plans on population change. A new plan to promote rural industries can lead to population growth as new families move into the community for

job opportunities. Housing and educational plans may need to be revised to meet the needs of new households that may move into the area.

Planners are also concerned about the impact of population growth on the ability to implement existing plans. Planners are interested in how changes in size, spatial distribution and composition will affect efforts to implement various types of plans — housing, social services, and infrastructure such as roads, water supply and electricity.

Summery

Bibliography

1. . National Institute of Urban Affairs, Government of India. Archived from the original on 19 October 2007.

2.  "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 2004-06-16. Retrieved2008-11-01.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sangli-Miraj_%26_Kupwad

http://www.census2011.co.in/census/district/369-sangli.html

https://cultural.maharashtra.gov.in/english/gazetteer/SANGLI/people_population.html