possible session outcomes · 2011. 6. 20. · purpose !!to change the relationship paradigm of...

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© 2011 Palo Verde Associates and CMSi 1 No reproduction allowed without permission Presenter Dr. Carolyn J. Downey Palo Verde Associates 7450 Olivetas Avenue, Unit 40 La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA [email protected] NESA Fall Conference October 2011 2011 PVA 2 POSSIBLE SESSION OUTCOMES ! Discuss issues participants have regarding the walk-through and reflective conversation and respond to those issues. Depending upon conversation of group --- ! Describe the need for a different supervisory process than most administrators use. ! Specify how the Downey walk-through structure and reflective conversation fits into a different type of supervisory process. ! Describe misconceptions and misapplication of the Downey approach. ! Urge administrators to use a collaborative and reflective approach to supervision and the teacher appraisal process. Outcome 1

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  • © 2011 Palo Verde Associates and CMSi 1 No reproduction allowed without permission

    Presenter

    Dr. Carolyn J. Downey

    Palo Verde Associates

    7450 Olivetas Avenue, Unit 40

    La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA

    [email protected]

    NESA Fall Conference

    October 2011

    2011 PVA 2

    POSSIBLE SESSION OUTCOMES

    !! Discuss issues participants have regarding the walk-through and reflective conversation and respond to those issues.

    Depending upon conversation of group---

    !! Describe the need for a different supervisory process than most administrators use.

    !! Specify how the Downey walk-through structure and reflective conversation fits into a different type of supervisory process.

    !! Describe misconceptions and misapplication of the Downey approach.

    !! Urge administrators to use a collaborative and reflective approach to supervision and the teacher appraisal process.

    Outcome 1

  • © 2011 Palo Verde Associates and CMSi 2 No reproduction allowed without permission

    INFORMAL

    CONVERSATION

    Let’s begin by discussing

    issues/questions you

    have regarding the walk-

    through and reflective

    conversation which I

    suggest be used.

    © 2011 PVA 4

    Outcome 2

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 6

    SUPERVISION? !!What your role as a supervisor

    (whether school-based or district-

    based)?

    –!NOT JUST WALK-THROUGHS—

    ENTIRE SUPERVISORY PROCESS

    !!How important is this role

    responsibility in relation to other

    roles of administrators?

    !!Discuss with learning partner or

    table team.

  • © 2011 Palo Verde Associates and CMSi 3 No reproduction allowed without permission

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 7

    PURPOSE OF

    THREE-MINUTES WALK-

    THROUGH TRAINING

    APPROACH To provide principals, assistant principals, mentor teachers, and others who coach teachers strategies for using:

    (1) a 5-step structured classroom observation informal walk through approach, and

    (2) reflective inquiry in follow-up conversations

    as a vehicle for maximizing student achievement.

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 8

    DOWNEY’S REAL

    PURPOSE !! To change the relationship paradigm of

    principal-teacher supervision and the teacher-appraisal process.

    !! To move to collaborative interdependent reflective inquiry conversations between principal and teacher and teacher and teacher.

    !! Help administrators have a set of beliefs that are built around how people grow/change in their practices and be willing to risk changing their own behavior to being capacity builders.

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 9

    .

  • © 2011 Palo Verde Associates and CMSi 4 No reproduction allowed without permission

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 10

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 11

    Garmston (2000)

    !! Defines feedback as “observations from

    others about one’s performance,

    particularly when the information is

    judgmental, (‘You made a good synthesis

    when…’) or comes with advice (‘Next time

    you might…’).”

    !! “When mentors, coaches, and supervisors

    report their observations to teachers, they

    build the teacher’s dependence on that

    input and that actually robs the teacher of

    working the internal muscles necessary to

    improve their ability to self-reflect.”

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 12

    Sanford (1995) Feedback

    !! “External feedback actually reduces the capacity for accurate self-reflection.”

    !! Continuing feedback reinforces the expectation that others will and should tell us how we are doing and reduces our capacity to be self-reflective and self-accountable….

    !! Research suggests that externally-introduced feedback seems to interfere with learning to manage oneself

  • © 2011 Palo Verde Associates and CMSi 5 No reproduction allowed without permission

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 13

    Garmston (2000)

    Two Feedback Myths

    (teachers and students)

    !!Myth #1: Feedback causes people

    to see themselves more accurately.

    !!Myth #2: Feedback improves team

    effectiveness.

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 14

    DuPont and Colgate-Palmolive

    !! Team members listened to feedback about how to be better workers.

    !! Feedback came from peers, supervisors, and/or subordinates.

    !! Goals were to understand one’s impact on others and to improve one’s ability to work with others.

    !! However, what occurred was that the feedback undermined these goals and was negative in some cases.

    !! The feedback model was not found to effect the desired changes in employee growth.

    © 2011 CMSi

  • © 2011 Palo Verde Associates and CMSi 6 No reproduction allowed without permission

    SUPERVISION IS A

    HUMAN

    ENTERPRISE

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 17

    .

    Theory X versus Theory Y Drucker, 1974

    Theory X

    !! belief that people have to be coerced into doing a good job, do not want to work, and lack internal motivation to grow;

    !! therefore, supervision is viewed as the means by which employees are forced to work.

    Theory Y

    !! based on the belief that people want to do a good job, want to work, and have an internal motivation to grown and learn

    !! Therefore, supervision is viewed as a. means by which we enhance an employee’s learning and growth in one’s practice (Downey)

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi

  • © 2011 Palo Verde Associates and CMSi 7 No reproduction allowed without permission

    EVALUATION

    Formative vs. Summative

    !!On-going

    !!Fluid

    !!Growth

    !!Coach

    !! Improvements

    !!Advocate

    !!Event

    !!Static

    !!Status

    !!Judge

    !!Contract

    !!Neutral

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 21

    Peterson 2000

    !!Researchers and scholars are in

    agreement that the evaluation

    process as we know it is insufficient

    and ineffective, and, unfortunately,

    this practice has been quietly

    accepted

    !!Quotes from Peterson from noted

    researchers

  • © 2011 Palo Verde Associates and CMSi 8 No reproduction allowed without permission

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 22

    Medley & Coker, 1987

    !! To this day, almost all educational personnel decisions are based on judgments which, according to the research, are only slightly more accurate than they would be if they were based on pure chance (p. 243)

    !! [Twelve studies from 1921 to 1959] reached the same conclusion: that the correlation between the average principal’s ratings of teacher performance and direct measures of teacher effectiveness were near zero (p 242)

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 23

    More Quotes

    !!Scriven, 1981, pp. 244, 251

    Teacher evaluation is a disaster. The practices are shoddy and the principles are unclear.…

    !!Stodolsky, 1984, p. 17

    Evaluators are mistaken if they assume they are observing the typical behavior of a…teacher with the usual [evaluation] procedure.

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 24

    Wise, Darling-Hammond,

    McLaughlin, & Bernstein,

    1984, p. 22

    !!Almost all respondents [to a survey of 32 district central offices]…felt that principals lacked sufficient resolve and competence to evaluate accurately.

  • © 2011 Palo Verde Associates and CMSi 9 No reproduction allowed without permission

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi

    25

    Johnson, 1990, P. 266 !! Teachers interviewed for this study

    roundly criticized formal

    supervision and evaluation practices…

    [saying] that they are… not effective for

    improvement.…

    !! Administrators are rarely prepared to

    offer…useful advice,…virtually never…

    providing an opportunity for learning

    !! ….Very good teachers…regard the

    practice as an institutional obligation to

    be endured rather than an opportunity to

    be seized.

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 26

    Wolf, 1973, p. 160 !!Teachers mistrust evaluation. They

    feel that current…techniques fall short of collecting information that accurately characterizes… performance.

    !!They perceive…rating as depending more on the idiosyncrasies of the [evaluator] than on their own behavior in the classroom.

    !!Teachers see nothing to be gained from evaluation.

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 27

    Frase 2004 Teacher evaluation systems are often

    !!not sensitive to particular teaching settings,

    !!are biased, superficial, and demoralizing,

    !!are neither credible nor reliable,

    !!are not focused on defensible criteria,

    !!are not grounded in clear rationale and policy, and

    !! most importantly, are not influential (Shinkfield & Stufflebeam, 1995).

  • © 2011 Palo Verde Associates and CMSi 10 No reproduction allowed without permission

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi

    28

    YOUR THOUGHTS

    !! What are your findings?

    !! What are your staff thinking?

    !! Do you think any changes need to be made in the processes of your appraisal systems? In carrying it out?

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 29

    Effective Evaluation

    Systems (Colby, Bradshaw,

    & Joyner 2002)

    !!District commitment to allocation of resources

    !!District capacity for change

    !!Teacher evaluation as it relates to the methods and procedures of process

    !!How the evaluation environment supports professional development.

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 30

    CARL GLICKMAN

    Shift away from conventional or

    congenial supervision toward collegial

    supervision !! Collegial rather than a hierarchical

    relationship between teachers and

    supervisors

    !! Focus on teacher development rather than

    teacher conformity

    !! Facilitation of teachers collaborating with

    each other in instructional improvement

    efforts

    !! Teacher involvement in on-going reflective

    inquiry

  • © 2011 Palo Verde Associates and CMSi 11 No reproduction allowed without permission

    Outcome 3

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 32

    ULTIMATE GOAL: TO INFLUENCE...

    !!Reflective, self-directed, self analytical, interdependent teachers who examine their own practices (even those who initially are at the dependent level).

    !!Teachers continually willing to improve their teaching.

    !!Teachers who are committed to teaching the district curriculum and working for ever higher student achievement.

    DOWNEY HISTORY/RATIONALE

    Walk-Throughs

    !!Symbolic to Growth Focus

    !!Hunter to Costa (Differentiation)

    !!Direct to Indirect

    Hunter Costa

    Intervention Cognitive

    !! Inspectional Reflective

    Supervision Supervision

    !! Then Glickman and Developmental

    Supervision (Differentiation) © 2011 PVA & CMSi

  • © 2011 Palo Verde Associates and CMSi 12 No reproduction allowed without permission

    Flow of Supervisor/Employee Relationships

    Interdependent!

    Independent!

    Dependent"

    Adult-Adult!

    Adult- Adolescent!

    Adult-Child!

    Berne#s Trans-!

    actional Analysis!

    Covey#s Stages!

    Of Dependency"

    Collaborative!

    (Downey)"

    Indirect!

    (Costa)!

    Direct!

    (Hunter)"

    Type of Dialogue !

    Interaction!

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi

    PERCEPTION OF

    PERSON’S CAPACITY !!Passive, capable, accepting, not initiate

    –! TELL

    !!Passive, have to be motivated, goal conflicts

    –! SELL

    !!Decision makers, problem solvers

    –!FACILITATE, ENHANCE, COLLABORATE, ENCOURAGE REFLECTION

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi

    Paradigm Shift

    CONVENTIONAL

    !!Controlling environment

    !!Hierarchical Structure

    !!Rewards and punishments

    !!Extrinsic motivation

    !!Supervisor control

    COLLEGIAL

    !!Growth environment

    !! Learning Community

    !!Recognition for growth

    !! Intrinsic motivation

    !! Inner locus of control

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi

  • © 2011 Palo Verde Associates and CMSi 13 No reproduction allowed without permission

    Paradigm Continued CONVENTIONAL

    !! Default mentality to others deciding and I follow

    !! Origin of Behavior—Others

    !! Boss-manager

    !! Work as task

    !! Approval

    !! Others for efficacy

    COLLEGIAL

    !! Self Governing by increasing knowledge

    !! Origin of Behavior—Self

    !! Lead-manager

    !! Work as joy

    !! Increase capacity

    !! Self efficacy

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi

    ULTIMATE PURPOSE OF INTERACTION!

    ON-GOING!

    SELF-ANALYSIS!

    PROFESSIONAL

    GROWTH TARGETS !FOR IMPROVING

    PRACTICE!

    SEARCH FOR

    RESEARCHED PRACTICES!

    THE REFLECTIVE TEACHER!

    Collaborative Interactions !

    And Learning Together" © 2011 PVA & CMSi

    Outcome 4

  • © 2011 Palo Verde Associates and CMSi 14 No reproduction allowed without permission

    Walk-Throughs

    and Follow-up Conversations

    !! Short 2-4 minute informal observations

    !! Data/Observation 1-2 minutes

    –!Primary focus

    •!Curriculum decisions

    •! Instructional decisions

    !! Consideration of possible follow-up

    conversation 1-2 minutes

    !! Follow-up conversations 5-10 minutes

    –!short one-on-one ”reflective" opportunities

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi

    STEPS IN OBSERVATION #1. Management: Orientation of Student

    to the Work

    #2. Curriculum: Determine Curricular Objectives and Alignment to District Curriculum and Identify Possible Decision Points for Reflection

    #3. Instruction: Note Instructional Practices Used and Identify Possible Decision Points for Reflection

    #4. [IF TIME] “Walk-the-Walls:” for more Curricular and Instructional Decisions

    #5. Safety and Facilities: Happens Naturally © 2011 PVA & CMSi

    © 2011PVA & CMSi

    Some Thoughts about the 5

    Step Observation Structure

    !!Step 1 and 5 are red flags--would be direct

    !!Step 1 is not about engagement strategies a teacher uses. This would be noted in Step 3.

    !!Step 1 has always been about attending behavior—classroom) –!Are the students doing what the

    teacher has asked them to do.

  • © 2011 Palo Verde Associates and CMSi 15 No reproduction allowed without permission

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 44

    KEY PROCESSES

    !! INFORMAL INTERACTIONS

    !!NO FORMS OR CHECKLISTS

    !!JOYFUL INTERACTION

    !!DIGNITY OF PROFESSIONAL

    ADULTS

    !!NOT ANSWERING TO THE

    PRINCIPAL BUT FOCUS ON

    REFLECTIVE THOUGHT AND

    REFLECTIVE PRACTICE.

    INTERDEPENDENT: THE Reflective

    Question ATTRIBUTES !! Decision (teacher as a decision-maker)

    !! Choice (no one right answer)

    !! Criteria Used (analysis cognition minimally)

    !! About One’s Practice Not About This Lesson Observed (use present tense)

    !! Many Situations/Contexts (plural)

    !! Analysis, Synthesis, or Evaluation Cognitive Thinking

    !! Neutral/Non-judgmental (neither positive nor negative in tone)

    !! Positive Presuppositions (assumes person is thinking about and doing what is presented in the question)

    !! Honor What Was Observed (if possible)

    !! Impact on Student Learning (cause and effect analysis) © 2011 PVA & CMSi

  • © 2011 Palo Verde Associates and CMSi 16 No reproduction allowed without permission

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi

    Pedagogical

    Event Reflection-on-

    Action

    Reflection-for-

    Action

    Reflection-in-

    Action

    Both reflection-in and reflection-on-action are essentially

    reactive in nature, being distinguished primarily by when

    reflection takes place, with reflection-in-action referring to reflection in the midst of practice and reflection-on-action

    referring to reflection that takes place after an event.

    Reflection-for-action is “the desired outcome of both

    previous types of reflection.” We reflect not so much to

    revisit the past or become aware of the meta-cognitive process of the moment, but to guide future action.

    Schön (1983)

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 48

    Reflective Model has

    Five Levels of Questions !! Level 1: Criteria a teacher uses

    !! Level 2: Fidelity of use--does the teacher

    find that the criteria is used consistently

    !! Level 3: Does using the criteria get the

    desired results

    !! Level 4: In using the criteria does one get

    the desired student achievement

    !! Level 5: Satisfied that the criteria is

    institutionalized in one’s teaching, it is

    working, and one doesn’t need to think

    much more about it.

  • © 2011 Palo Verde Associates and CMSi 17 No reproduction allowed without permission

    FORMING THE TEACHING

    PRACTICE FROM THE TEACHER

    DECISIONS

    TEACHER

    DECISION

    Approach to

    selecting and

    ordering objectives

    Call on

    volunteers

    Teaching: Multiple

    two digit figures

    Strategies for

    calling on students

    TEACHING

    PRACTICE

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi

    HOW TO PREPARE IN YOUR MIND

    LEVEL 1: CRITERIA

    !! Teacher

    Thinking and

    Teaching Practice

    !! Situation and

    Condition—when does teacher

    typically make this

    decision?

    !! And thinking about the many approaches you might have students to respond (such as volunteer or non-volunteer, all students, one student)

    !! When you are planning lessons around the district curriculum and designing the questions you will ask and then posing those questions in your teaching © 2011 PVA & CMSi

    HOW TO STATE: 5 POSITIVE PRESUPPOSITIONS !! Situation and

    Condition

    !! Teacher Thinking and Teaching Practice

    !! Criteria

    !! Decision Maker

    !! Student Impact

    !! “When you are planning lessons around the district curriculum and designing the questions you will ask and then posing those questions in your teaching

    •! And thinking about the many approaches you might have students to respond (such as volunteer or non-volunteer, all students, one student)

    !! what criteria do you use

    !! to decide on those approaches

    !! to influence each student’s accountability of the learning?”

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi

  • © 2011 Palo Verde Associates and CMSi 18 No reproduction allowed without permission

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 52

    THE REFLECTIVE

    QUESTIONS !!First Component

    !!Think after you have your teaching

    practice clearly in mind

    !!Situation--Mainly about planning

    !!Focus on lessons or units of study

    around the district curriculum

    !!Add caveats--conditions

    !!Phrase usually starts with the

    word “when”

    © 20011 PVA & CMSi 53

    The Reflective Question

    Second Component !! And thinking about

    !! [ways, approaches, strategies, types of, methods, when to and when not to]

    !! (teaching practice)

    –!Usually in descriptive words rather than the label

    –! If use label, add after saying in descriptive manner

    !! And add examples for clarification

    –!Honor that used as one of the examples

    !! See additions to 4-29. Run these off for use during the training.

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 54

    Typical Curricular and

    Instructional Practices

    !!Let’s review the list.

    !!Would we use and distribute this list?

    !!How do we deal with district teacher proficiencies on the formal evaluation process?

  • © 2011 Palo Verde Associates and CMSi 19 No reproduction allowed without permission

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 55

    The Reflective Question

    !! Third Component

    !! Level I is really about the criteria a teacher

    uses in deciding about a teaching

    practice.

    !! Use the word criteria in all of your

    examples orally

    !! Encourage participants to use the this

    phrase before moving to others as they

    become more comfortable with the

    question

    !!

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 56

    The Reflective Question

    !! Third and Fourth component are stated in one phrase –! What criteria do you use in deciding

    about [teaching practice generally)

    !! Fourth component

    –! Teaching practice comes back generally

    –! No new ideas at this time

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 57

    The Reflective Question !! 5th Component

    !! First four phrases about teacher thinking and action

    !! Last component about students

    !! Cause (teacher action)

    !! Effect (student learning)

    !! As participants gain comfort here begin to have them link the student effect to the teaching practice when it makes sense.

    –! E.g. and thinking about ways to differentiate the learning

    –! E.g. so that each student moves forward in his/her learning

    !! Watch out for judgment words here--ensure, maximize, best, better

  • © 2011 Palo Verde Associates and CMSi 20 No reproduction allowed without permission

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 58

    REFLECTIVE QUESTION

    !!Really a series of phrases

    !!Phrases are positive presuppositions

    !!Level I starts at the analytical level

    !! Interview the phrases during the conversation

    –!Then come back near the end of the conversation and pull phrases all together

    !!Always part of a conversation

    !!Never written--not the way we write

    !!Set time frame (8-15 minutes)

    !!Make positive statement about reflection

    !! Focus on teaching practice

    !! Indicate how classroom observation triggered this area for reflection

    !!Pose Reflective Question

    !!Allow time for clarification and interaction on question and begin criteria

    !! Indicate choice to think about question

    !! Invite reflection with you, if desired

    !!Exit quickly

    THE Reflective Conversation

    INTERACTION

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 60

    Reflective Conversation

    !! Add near the beginning--alert to purpose

    –! I have a reflective question you might be interested in thinking about

    !! Add near the end--choice to think about question and invitation to collaboration

    –! If you find the reflective question interesting an decide to think about it and would like to chat more with me about it, let me know.

    !! What makes it collaborative is when the teacher chooses to come back and talk with you about it.

    !! We don’t force collaboration.

  • © 2011 Palo Verde Associates and CMSi 21 No reproduction allowed without permission

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 61

    Enhancements to

    Reflective Conversation

    !! Add ideas of bringing a reflective question for consideration (early)

    !! Near end, invite collaboration… “If you decide to reflect on this question and would like to come and chat with me about your learnings, I would love to chat with you.”

    –! It only become collaborative when the teacher chooses to make it collaborative

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi

    62

    YOUR THOUGHTS

    !! What are your thoughts about using walk-throughs and follow-up conversations with reflective questions as one tool in the role of supervision and the appraisal process?

    Outcome 5

  • © 2011 Palo Verde Associates and CMSi 22 No reproduction allowed without permission

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 64

    How does the Downey

    Approach to Walk-

    Throughs and

    Reflective Conversation

    DIFFER

    from other types of

    walk-through

    approaches?

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 65

    Underlying Philosophy

    !! Rogerian--person in process of becoming

    !! Constructivist--Existing knowledge is used to build new knowledge

    !! Motivational Theory Y-belief that people want to do a good job, want to work, and have an internal motivation to grown and learn (Drucker, 1974)

    !! Choice Theory and Lead Manager-Glasser

    !! Focus on self-analysis and sense of power and self-efficacy

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 66

    SELF-DIRECTED GROWTH

    BASED ON ANALYSIS OF

    ONE'S WORK IS AN

    ATTRIBUTE OF

    PROFESSIONALISM

  • © 2011 Palo Verde Associates and CMSi 23 No reproduction allowed without permission

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 67

    More Beliefs

    !! Monitoring and inspecting in a fear-compliance environment will not produce growth.

    !! Higher student achievement is a product of cultivating a new culture focused on growth and an inner locus of control.

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 68

    More Beliefs

    !! People seek ways to grow and develop over time.

    !! People benefit from engaging in reflective dialogue.

    !! The most productive relationship is one of interdependence and collaborative and comprises adult-to-adult conversations.

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 69

    More Beliefs

    !! Supervisors play a key role

    in facilitating staff growth

    and reflection.

    !! The culture of the district

    and a school is greatly

    influenced by supervisor

    and principal behavior.

  • © 2011 Palo Verde Associates and CMSi 24 No reproduction allowed without permission

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 70

    Reflection and Renewal:

    The Mechanism of Growth

    (Steffy, 2000) Reflective discourse

    "! Can happen with self and others.

    "! Involves assessing reasons and examining alternatives.

    "! Involves a critical assessment of assumptions.

    "! Becomes the means by which practitioners can develop a greater level of self-awareness about the nature and impact of their performance.

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 71

    Judith Irwin (1987)

    “A reflective/analytical teacher is one who makes teaching decision on the basis of conscious awareness and careful consideration of (1) the assumptions on which the decisions are based and (2) the technical, educational, and ethical consequences of those decisions.

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 72

    REFLECTIVE THINKING

    !!The process of making informed and logical decisions, then assessing the consequences of those decisions

    !! Taggert and Wilson,1998

    !! Promoting Reflective Thinking in Teachers, Corwin Press

  • © 2011 Palo Verde Associates and CMSi 25 No reproduction allowed without permission

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 73

    Reagan (2000)

    Gains from Reflective

    Practice !!Helps free teachers from impulsive

    behavior.

    !!Allows teachers to act in a deliberate, intentional manner.

    !!Distinguishes teachers as educated human beings because it is one hallmark of intelligent action.

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi

    74

    YOUR THOUGHTS

    !! What beliefs to you have that influence your supervisory role?

    Creating a Culture of Learning

    Using the

    Appraisal

    Process to

    Influence

    Learning—a

    Human

    Development

    Enterprise

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi

  • © 2011 Palo Verde Associates and CMSi 26 No reproduction allowed without permission

    Peter Senge (1990)

    A Learning Organization

    (Community) is… !! “A place where people continually expand their

    capacity to create the results they truly desire,

    !! where new and expansive patterns of thinking are

    nurtured,

    !! where collective aspiration is set free, and

    !! where people are continually learning how to learn

    together.”

    !! We think of this capacity for collective actions and

    attitudes as leadership.

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi

    !! “An ecosystem; that is, its participants are inter- dependent and connected in their learning and work.

    !! When some participants learn, others also learn and benefit.

    !! When problems stay unresolved, the whole community suffers.

    !! The whole of the community is greater than the sum of its parts.

    !! What we accomplish as a group exceeds the sum of our individual efforts.

    !! Interdependent communities tend to organize themselves around key ideas and issues.”

    Peter Senge (1990)

    A Learning Organization

    (Community) is…

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi

    !! “Involves a continual ‘wave’ of conversation

    characterized by exploration, inquiry, construction

    of meaning, and action.

    !! Embedded in these processes is the development

    of relationships that grow in density as educators

    work collegially to unfold the learning cycle.

    !! This is the process of “co-evolution in schools.”

    !! It is constructivist learning.

    Peter Senge (1990)

    A Learning Organization

    (Community) …

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi

  • © 2011 Palo Verde Associates and CMSi 27 No reproduction allowed without permission

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 79

    School as a Learning

    Organization !! The traditional approach to helping

    educators learn has been to develop the skills of individuals to do their work better.

    !! I’m talking about enhancing the collective capacity of people to create and pursue overall visions…

    !! Learning occurs “at home,” so to speak, in the sense that it must be integrated into our lives, and it always takes time and effort.

    Source: John O’Neil, “On Schools as Learning Organizations: A Conversation with Peter Senge,” Educational Leadership, vol. 52, no. 7, April 1995, pp. 20-23

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi

    REMEMBER !!We are not looking for strengths and

    weakness.

    !!We are not looking for areas to reinforce or refine.

    !!We are looking for DECISION POINTS of the teacher and selecting possible follow-up conversations areas that might stretch the teacher—are growth producing.

    !!Purpose—to start them on a journey, to plant a seed.

    © 2005 CMSi

    ANALYSIS !!HOW WAS YOUR PREVIOUS

    UNDERSTANDING OF THE 5-STEP WALK-THROUGH STRUCTURE THE SAME OR DIFFERENT?

    !!HOW WAS YOUR PREVIOUS UNDERSTANDING OF THE REFLECTIVE CONVERSATION THE SAME OR DIFFERENT?

    !!WHAT QUESTIONS DO YOU HAVE?

  • © 2011 Palo Verde Associates and CMSi 28 No reproduction allowed without permission

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 82

    MENTORING THE

    REFLECTIVE PRINCIPAL !!Four 2 day seminars over several

    months

    !!Focus on supervision of principals

    and other administrators by

    superintendents/assistant

    superintendents

    !! Includes trainer of trainers session

    for university professors and

    system administrators.

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 83

    SERIES GOALS

    1. To mentor/coach school-based administrators toward reflective practice and establishing a culture of reflective practice with and among staff.

    2. To enhance the collaborative interaction and learning relationship of the supervisor/ mentor and principal/assistant principal.

    3. To perpetuate groups of principals (especially feeder school principals) to work together in their interventions for higher student achievement.

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 84

    SERIES GOALS Cont.

    4. To move administrators toward greater self-reflective practice in their decision-making.

    5. To rethink the supervisor-principal role from a hierarchical structure to a collaborative. interaction and with a focus on continuous growth.

    6. To consider protocols which supervisors/mentors can use with school-based administrators as they coach, mentor, and collaborate for higher student achievement.

  • © 2011 Palo Verde Associates and CMSi 29 No reproduction allowed without permission

    SIX Coaching Protocols in this Program

    !! Monthly Supervisor’s Principal School and

    Classroom Visitations Protocol

    !! Feeder Team Principals SchoolView: Gathering

    Trend Data on Curricular and Instructional

    Practices Protocol

    !! Feeder School Principals' Joint Academic Goals

    and Interventions Protocol

    !! Superintendent’s Mid-Year and Annual Feeder

    School Principals Dialogue

    !! Team Approach for Working with Low Performing

    Schools Administrative Staff Protocol

    !! Listening to the Voice of Your Principals Protocol © 2011 PVA & CMSi

    CONTACT INFORMATION

    !! Texas Association for School Administrators

    –! Contact: Susan Holly, Assistant Executive Director, Instructional Support and Leadership Development

    –! 406 East 11th Street, Austin, Texas 78701

    –! Phone: (512) 477-6361 ext. 115 Fax: (512) 482-8658

    !! Curriculum Management Systems, Inc.

    –! Contact: Holly Kaptain, Executive Director

    –! 5415 NW 88th Street, Suite #300

    –! Johnston, IA 50131

    –! Email: [email protected]

    –! Phone (515) 276-8911 Fax (515) 276-8912

    © 2011 PVA & CMSi 87

    CLOSURE

    !! Share ONE idea that has been significant to

    you during our time together.

    !! One thing that has been significant to me:

    –! learned

    –! relearned

    –! validated

    –! want to learn more about

    –! etc.

    !! Share in one sentence your idea round robin

    in your group.