POTTSTOWN LANDFILL AND RECYCLING CENTER

ANNUAL MACROINVERTEBRATE COMMUNITY REPORT

WASTE MANAGEMENT DISPOSAL SERVICES OF PENNSYLVANIA, INC.

MONTGOMERY COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA

July 2015

Prepared for:

Waste Management Disposal Services of Pennsylvania

Pottstown Landfill and Recycling Center

1425 Sell Road

Pottstown, Pennsylvania 19464

Prepared by:

STV Energy Services, Inc.

205 West Welsh Drive

Douglassville, Pennsylvania 19518

(610) 385-8200

STV Project No. 04-11993

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

1.0 BACKGROUND .............................................................................................................................................. 1

2.0 METHODS ....................................................................................................................................................... 1

2.1 MACROINVERTEBRATE SAMPLES ........................................................................................................ 1 2.2 ABIOTIC PARAMETERS ............................................................................................................................ 2 2.3 DATA ANALYSIS ........................................................................................................................................ 3 2.4 WATER QUALITY ....................................................................................................................................... 4

3.0 STUDY AREA AND SAMPLE STATION DESCRIPTIONS ..................................................................... 4

3.1 STUDY AREA .............................................................................................................................................. 4 3.2 SAMPLE STATION 0 ................................................................................................................................... 4 3.3 SAMPLE STATION 1 (BRIDGE) ................................................................................................................. 5 3.4 STATION 4 (LEVENGOOD ROAD) ........................................................................................................... 6

4.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ...................................................................................................................... 6

4.1 WATER QUALITY/STREAM CHARACTERISTICS ................................................................................ 6 4.2 MACROINVERTEBRATE SAMPLING RESULTS ................................................................................... 7

4.2.1 Sample Station 1 - Levengood Road ...................................................................................................... 7 4.2.2 Sample Station 4 - Downstream of Permit Area .................................................................................... 8 4.2.3 1998 – 2015 Data Evaluation and Comparison .................................................................................... 8

5.0 SUMMARY ...................................................................................................................................................... 9

6.0 REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................................. 13

Figures

1 Project Location Map

Appendices

A Data Field Sheets for Stream Macroinvertebrates and Characterization

B Photograph Log

C Station 0 Macroinvertebrate Sample Results

D Tables

1 Water Quality Results for Stations 1 and 4 (1988 - 2015)

2 Pollution Tolerance Indices

3 Station 1 Sample Results

4 Station 4 Sample Results

E Resumes of STV Personnel

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

STV Energy Services, Inc. (STV) conducted a benthic macroinvertebrate survey of three stations

along Goose Run, a second order tributary to Manatawny Creek in Montgomery and Berks

Counties, Pennsylvania. The survey was performed on behalf of Waste Management Disposal

Services of Pennsylvania, Inc. to satisfy the requirements of Condition No. 14 of Pennsylvania

Department of Environmental Protection (PADEP) Operating Permit No. 100549 issued to

Pottstown Landfill on 19 April 1989. In accordance with Condition No. 14, STV sampled two

designated stream stations (Stations 1 and 4, one upstream and one downstream of the landfill).

A third station (Station 0), located upstream of the landfill, was also sampled as part of the

survey. Station 0, which was selected at the request of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, is

located near the headwaters of Goose Run. It was selected as a spatial control to evaluate a

watershed improvement program implemented by STV upstream from the traditional survey

area. In addition to the collection of macroinvertebrate specimens, the survey also included

evaluations of substrate types and riparian vegetation, and measurements of dissolved oxygen

(DO), pH, specific conductance, and stream flow velocity at each sample station.

Macroinvertebrate field sampling techniques and qualitative post-processing of data were in

accordance with state and federal guidelines for stream surveys. Since 1998, an 800-micron

mesh, D-frame kick net has been utilized to collect representative samples at each station. Pre-

1998 samples were collected using a 595-micron mesh D-frame kick net. Based on this

equipment variation, and in accordance with Comment No. 1 of PADEP’s technical review letter

(November 2000), valid statistical comparisons between pre-1998 and post-1998 surveys are not

possible and are therefore no longer included in the annual survey reports. Since sample

methodology has remained consistent since 1998, statistical comparisons between Stations 1 and

4 from 1998 forward are included herein.

Along with routine polymetric calculations, climatological occurrences over the last five years

were also reviewed. The review concluded that the Goose Run watershed has been impacted by

severe drought and subsequent flooding since late spring 1998. In the aftermath of Hurricane

Floyd (September 1999), analyses of macroinvertebrate data indicate a general increase in

community structure values, including taxa richness, species diversity, and EPT/Chironomidae

ratios.

Current analyses of the various metrics used to describe the biological condition at each station

indicate that the integrity of the benthic macroinvertebrate communities within the study area is

generally comparable to previous years. Species density and diversity, and community

composition observed at the two sample locations were lower than previous years; however this

may have been as a result of recent storm events that resulted in a flushing of the communities.

When compared to data from previous years, slight variations in water quality or periodically

reduced metric values cannot be attributed to any specific non-point or point source of pollution.

However, other environmental factors have contributed to moderately stressed communities

within the study area. Two of the most significant factors include extreme variations in stream

flow conditions and variable substrate composition at each of the stations.

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Evaluations of abiotic and biological data collected and analyzed over the past 27 years indicate

that the resident macroinvertebrate communities in a second order stream such as Goose Run

exhibit variations in biological structure when subjected to physical disturbances within the

benthic habitat. These variations are likely the result of weather extremes (e.g., drought,

hurricanes, periodic thunderstorms with heavy discharge rates) and other perturbations (possibly

including periodic runoff from adjacent farmlands and roads). Variations in weather patterns can

influence organic enrichment, sediment loading from the surrounding watershed, in-stream

temperatures, pH and other water quality parameters, as well as other parameters such as

diversity and density of benthic assemblages. Variations in macroinvertebrate community

metrics from year to year can be the result of communities adapting in response to environmental

(natural) influences such as recent reductions in rainfall totals and subsequent flooding

conditions from periodic thunderstorms. Generally, recorded increases over time in assorted

benthic measurement parameters indicate that macroinvertebrate communities in Goose Run

have been maintained during climatological influences that typically result in alterations in flow

conditions, runoff characteristics, sediment composition, and other abiotic conditions within the

stream.

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1.0 BACKGROUND

In May 1988, Waste Management Disposal Services of Pennsylvania, Inc. (WM), conducted a

surface water resource assessment that included (among others) the collection, characterization,

and cataloging of resident benthic macroinvertebrate communities within Goose Run, a tributary

to Manatawny Creek in Montgomery and Berks Counties, Pennsylvania. The assessment was

performed in accordance with Sections 273.118(a) (4) and 277.118(a) (4) of the Municipal

Waste Regulations in support of Waste Management’s Re-permitting Application for the

Northern Expansion. Data collected during the assessment were utilized in the Pennsylvania

Department of Environmental Resources (PADER) Operating Permit No. 100549, which was

issued to Pottstown Landfill on April 19, 1989. Since 1988, Waste Management has performed

subsequent annual assessments of Goose Run’s water and habitat quality (i.e., biological

integrity) in accordance with Condition No. 14 of the operating permit.

Included herein are descriptions of water quality, riparian vegetation, and stream substrate types

at three sampling stations along Goose Run (Stations 0, 1, and 4). It is important to note that

macroinvertebrate, habitat, and water quality data from Station 0 are presented for informational

purposes only. Station 0 was added in 1996 in accordance with a U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

request to further evaluate and monitor channel improvement and wetland mitigation activities

performed along Goose Run. In accordance with the original intent of Condition No. 14 of the

operating permit, only data from Stations 1 and 4 were subjected to rigorous qualitative and

quantitative comparisons. Data from these two stations were compared with previously collected

data to assess cause and effect relative to degrees of biological impairment, if any, above and

below the existing permit area. This report contains biotic and abiotic sampling data from the

previous twenty six years for ease of comparison.

Macroinvertebrate collections, habitat descriptions, and water quality measurements were

performed by Amanda Schellhamer and Brian Roberts, STV Environmental Scientists with

experience in aquatic sampling procedures. Samples were sorted and specimens identified by

Normandeau Associates, Inc. This report was prepared by Amanda Schellhamer and Steven

Sottung, STV Project Manager. Resumes of key individuals are provided in Appendix E.

2.0 METHODS

2.1 MACROINVERTEBRATE SAMPLES

Benthic macroinvertebrate field sampling techniques were in accordance with PADEP’s

Guidelines for Benthic Macroinvertebrate Stream Surveys for Landfills (1988). Qualitative post-

processing of quantitative data, which included some statistical evaluations of data from 1998,

and 2000 through 2015 were performed by STV in accordance with EPA’s Rapid Bioassessment

Protocols for Use in Streams and Rivers (Plafkin, 1989), and previous assessment methods

conducted between 1988 and 1998. Macroinvertebrate sample collection methods utilized for

the 2015 sample program were identical to those used during STV’s previous benthic sampling

programs within Goose Run.

Sampling began by gathering qualitative macroinvertebrate collections in shallow pools,

backwaters, and riffle areas using a D-frame kick net of 800-micron mesh. A total of three

substation locations were identified and sampled at each station location. In the riffle areas, the

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net was positioned closely against the bottom substrates, with the water flowing into the net. The

substrate upstream of the net was manually agitated to allow dislodged organisms to be swept

downstream into the net. In order to maximize the number of organisms collected, nettings were

performed for three minutes, moving diagonally across the riffle area. In the pool and backwater

areas, the net was placed in the water column and the underlying substrate was agitated. The net

was then gently swept through the water over the disturbed area. Similar to the riffle areas,

sample time at each of the pool and backwater substations was three minutes. All of the

substation kick samples were composited to produce one general sample for each of the three

locations.

Macrobenthic specimens were preserved in the field in wide mouth glass jars containing 70%

isopropyl alcohol. Samples were submitted to Normandeau Associates, Inc, in Stowe,

Pennsylvania for processing. Invertebrates were identified to the lowest taxon practicable using

a dissection microscope (45x magnification), with genus the desired taxonomic end point.

Individuals within the Chironomidae (midge) family were identified to family, due to the amount

of time necessary to prepare them for generic identification (clear and slide mount).

Taxonomic identification was conducted using the following taxonomic keys:

Merrit, R.W. and K.W. Cummins. 1984. An Introduction to the Aquatic Insects of

North America. Second ed. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company, Dubuque, Iowa.

Pennak, R.W. 1989. Fresh Water Invertebrates of the United States. Third ed. Protozoa

to Mollesca. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York.

Pekarsky, B.L., P.R. Fraissinet, M.A. Penton, and DJ. Conklin. 1990. Freshwater

Macroinvertebrates of Northeastern North America. Cornell University Press, Cornell,

New York.

2.2 ABIOTIC PARAMETERS

Determination of the biological condition of Goose Run would not be comprehensive without the

evaluation of abiotic features. In order to fully characterize stream conditions, the field team

also considered outside influences such as nutrient loading from the surrounding watershed.

Vegetative communities adjacent to each sample location were evaluated to assess the type of

food available to the stream ecosystem, and its influence on macroinvertebrate communities.

Additionally, the habitat evaluation component of the assessment included the collection of

physiochemical parameters (e.g., instream features such as sediment and substrate type, stream

size, and water quality characteristics). Data sheets were utilized to record the specified

information (Appendix A).

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2.3 DATA ANALYSIS

In order to evaluate and compare macrobenthic communities and make a judgment on the

presence or absence of biological impairment at each station, STV utilized qualitative biosurvey

data, stream habitat data, and water quality information. An integrated benthic analysis was

completed to include the following ecological parameters:

Total number of taxa and specimens (Taxa/Species Richness);

Total number of pollutant sensitive taxa (EPT Index); and

A ratio between sensitive and tolerant taxa (Ratio of EPT and Chironomidae

abundances, respectively).

Taxa/Species Richness Indices: This metric is a simplified species diversity index, and is often

used as the first measure of ecosystem health. Richness is determined by the total number of taxa

and specimens identified in a sample. Taxa richness values should demonstrate a proportional

increase with increasing water quality, diversity, and suitability.

EPT Index: The EPT Index is the total number of distinct taxa within the three most sensitive

orders of aquatic insects: Ephemeroptera (mayflies), Plecoptera (stoneflies), and Trichoptera

(caddisflies). Typically, the EPT Index generally increases with increasing water quality. The

EPT metric value summarizes taxon richness for the insect orders expected to disappear or

dramatically decrease in the event of environmental disturbance.

Ratio of EPT and Chironomidae Abundances: This ratio is a measurement of community

balance based on the relative abundance of the family Chironomidae and EPT taxa. Taxa within

the EPT orders generally are considered intolerant of most forms of pollution and are often

poorly represented in samples from stressed environments. Conversely, the midge family

Chironomidae is considered to be pollution tolerant. The EPT and Chironomidae abundance ratio

uses relative abundance of these indicator groups as a measure of community balance.

Essentially, having a fairly even distribution of all four groups (with substantial representation in

the sensitive groups) reflects a good biotic condition.

Brillouin's Diversity Index and Evenness Values: These index values are statistics that

compare the distribution of individuals among all taxa observed in a sample. Maximum

diversity is obtained when the number of individuals in a sample is evenly distributed. Diversity

values tend to vary according to how samples are processed. However, for this collection, values

less than 1.25 can be considered low, whereas diverse communities should exhibit values greater

than 1.50. Evenness provides a comparison of relative diversity, a sample's actual diversity with

the maximum diversity attainable by that sample. Values range between 0.00 and 1.00. Samples

with values close to 1.00 represent a community in which the individual taxa are optimally

distributed. Diversity indices and evenness values also can be used to evaluate a community's

ability to continue as a functional entity in the presence of pollution stress and to recover once

pollution problems are corrected.

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2.4 WATER QUALITY

The water quality measurements were conducted following guidelines established in Kopp and

McKee (EPA-600/4-79-020, 1983). Temperature and dissolved oxygen was measured with a

YSI Model 51, pH was measured with a Beckman Model 240, and specific conductance were

measured with a Horiba Model U-10. Stream velocity was measured with a Marsh-McBirney

Model 201 current meter.

3.0 STUDY AREA AND SAMPLE STATION DESCRIPTIONS

3.1 STUDY AREA

STV collected biotic and abiotic data from three sample stations along Goose Run, which is

located within the Schuylkill River drainage basin. The location of each stream station is

indicated on Figure 1. Goose Run, which is a second-order stream, originates approximately one

mile south of the village of Colebrookdale, at an elevation of 320 feet above mean sea level

(amsl). Portions of Upper and West Pottsgrove Townships (Montgomery County) and Douglass

Township (Berks County) drain toward Goose Run. From its point of origin, Goose Run flows

south/southwest approximately 2.2 miles toward its confluence with Manatawny Creek in

Montgomery County. Two small tributaries define the headwaters of Goose Run. The

tributaries converge at a point approximately 2,000 feet north of the northern boundary of the

permit area, and about 250 feet east of the north/south stretch of Levengood Road to form the

main channel of Goose Run. As it flows south from the convergence point, Goose Run forms

the western perimeter of Waste Management’s Northern Expansion Permit Area. The

watercourse is impounded within the Dandy Dam before its confluence with Manatawny Creek

at an elevation of approximately 160 feet amsl. The stream drains a watershed of approximately

1,215 acres. Stream gradient through the study area is 70 feet per mile, or 1.3 percent (Figure 1).

Pennsylvania Code Title 25, Chapter 93; Water Quality Standards designates Manatawny Creek

and all unnamed tributaries to Manatawny Creek (including Goose Run) as protected for the

maintenance and/or propagation of fish species including the family Salmonidae and additional

flora and fauna which are indigenous to a cold water habitat (CWF).

Specimens were collected during normal weather conditions.

3.2 SAMPLE STATION 0

Sample Station 0 was not included in the original monitoring program that was initiated in 1988.

Station 0 is located on the eastern fork of the Goose Run headwaters, approximately 1,000 feet

west of Chestnut Grove Road, in Montgomery County (Figure 1). Since the 2003 sample for this

site a large tree has fallen across the stream, blocking flow and creating a natural dam upstream

of the sample area. During the 2015 sampling program, stream velocity and flow conditions

within the two upper forks of Goose Run were similar to conditions encountered during other

previous sampling years; that is, stream flow and velocity in the eastern fork was greater than the

western fork. Station 0 is located upstream from the wetland creation and stream enhancement

project area that was completed in 1997.

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On May 13, 2015, stream velocity at Station 0 was recorded at 0.01 cubic feet per second (cfs),

and the water was clear (Appendix B - photograph log). There was no detectable odor present at

the sampling site. The stream width at Station 0 (between riffle/run and pool areas) ranged

between 2 to 15 feet and stream depth was 1 to 3 inches (riffle/run) and 12 inches (pool).

Substrate material in the pool was composed of boulders (>10 inches), cobbles (2.5 to 10 inches),

and gravel (0.1 to 2.5 inches). Substrate material in the riffle included some boulders, cobbles,

and gravel. The station was located upstream from a check-dam and within a reach of the stream

that was partially shaded (approximately 50%) with mixed hardwoods including white oak

(Quercus alba), red oak (Quercus rubra), shagbark hickory (Carya ovata), green ash (Fraxinus

pennsylvanica), white ash (Fraxinus americana), and red maple (Acer rubrum). The riparian

community at Station 0 consisted primarily of various species of grasses and forbes. Herbaceous

vegetation surrounding the stream was dominated by jewelweed (Impatiens capensis). Station 0

was located at approximately 260 feet amsl. Land surrounding Station 0 had moderately sloping

terrain to the north and south of the sample location, and uses included pasture, fields,

agricultural land and forested land.

Approximately 5% of substrate materials, including boulders, cobbles, gravel and submerged

aquatic vegetation (SAV) were covered with periphytic algae. The sample area consisted of a

riffle, a run, and a pool.

3.3 SAMPLE STATION 1 (BRIDGE)

Station 1 (background or reference station) was located at the northern tip of the permit area,

immediately downstream from the bridge crossing at Levengood Road (Figure 1). Instream

habitat improvements (e.g., check-dams and bank stabilizers) associated with the aforementioned

stream mitigation projects were located between Station 0 and Station 1. Station 1 was located a

sufficient distance upstream from the limits of the permit area to be unaffected by potential

discharges from the landfill.

Stream velocity at Station 1 (riffle/run) was recorded at 0.01 cfs. Stream turbidity was clear

(Appendix B - photograph log). As with Station 0, no detectable odor was identified during

sampling procedures. Substrate materials in the riffle and the run areas consisted primarily of

boulders and gravel. Stream depths at sampling points ranged from 2 to 6 inches in the riffle/run

area and up to 12 inches in the pool area. Stream width ranged from 12 to 15 feet. The location

was partially shaded (about 60% cover) with a mixture of shrubs and deciduous trees.

Herbaceous plants primarily included jewelweed. Shrubs included fox grape. Tree species

located primarily around the Levengood Road bridge included Tree-of-Heaven (Ailanthus

altissima), box elder (Acer negundo), Norway maple (Acer platanoides), and black cherry

(Prunus serotina).

Similar to previous years, minnow species (e.g., longnose and blacknose dace, and darters),

crayfish and tadpoles were observed in standing pools of water within the sample area. A small

percentage of the substrate material across the sample area was covered with periphytic algae.

The sample area consisted of pool, riffle and run areas. The upper reaches of the riffle area flow

across exposed bedrock.

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3.4 STATION 4 (LEVENGOOD ROAD)

Station 4 is located approximately 150 to 200 feet upstream from the Dandy Dam impoundment

area, north of the confluence with Manatawny Creek (Figure 1). The station is located below the

permit area and the stream and habitat improvement areas.

Stream velocity was 0.01 cfs (riffle/run and pool areas), and once again turbidity was clear

(Appendix B - photograph log). Substrate composition within the approximate 120-foot sample

stretch was comparable in both pool and riffle areas. Substrate was primarily composed of

cobbles and gravel. Approximately 50% of the cobble and gravel substrate and minimal SAV

were covered with periphytic algae. Stream width ranged from approximately 8 feet (riffle/run)

to 20 feet (pool), and stream depth ranged from 20 inches (pool) and 3 to 8 inches (riffle/run).

Streamside cover, which predominantly included broadleaf trees and herbaceous vegetation,

created shade over the stream course in the area of Station 4. Jewelweed dominated herbaceous

plants in the area. Tree species included red maple, white oak, American beech (Fagus

grandifolia), black willow (Salix nigra), and sycamore (Platanus occidentalis). Station 4 is

bounded to the east by a large upland with wetland pockets throughout. The stretch of stream

within the sampling area is bounded to the west by a steep embankment and forested overhang.

4.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Station 0 was added in 1996 in accordance with a U.S. Army Corps of Engineers request to

further evaluate and monitor channel improvement and wetland mitigation activities performed

along Goose Run. While it is of interest to evaluate the habitat and macroinvertebrate

community at Station 0, it should be noted that the original requirements, as indicated in

Condition 14 of the operating permit, included benthic macroinvertebrate sampling at only two

stations (1 and 4) on Goose Run (one upstream of the landfill permit area and one downstream)

during the third quarter of each year. Therefore, in accordance with the requirements of the

original permit, qualitative and quantitative comparisons between benthic communities and

habitat are limited to Stations 1 and 4 only. Water quality, habitat, and raw macrobenthic

numbers for Station 0 are presented in Appendix C.

4.1 WATER QUALITY/STREAM CHARACTERISTICS

Physical and chemical factors of the surrounding environment are among the most compelling

determinants of the biological structure of benthic macroinvertebrates at any location. Such

being the case, STV collected abiotic measurements of pH, conductivity, temperature, dissolved

oxygen (DO), and stream flow velocity at each station location.

Table 1 presents 27 years of water quality field data from Goose Run (1988 through 1998, and

2000 – 2015). In 2015, stream flow velocities at Stations 1 and 4 were consistent with the

previous eight years (with the exception of 2008, when stream velocities were impacted by more

significant rainfall amounts). Dissolved oxygen at Station 1 (9.16 ppm) and Station 4 (6.56 ppm)

are both lower than the previous year, however they are still within the optimal range for a

healthy and stable aquatic ecosystem (6 to 14 ppm).

The Station 1 pH level (8.02) was slightly lower than the previous year and was within the

optimal range for a healthy and stable aquatic ecosystem (6.5 to 8.5). The Station 4 pH level

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(7.32) was within the optimal range and slightly below the average over the last 27 years of data

collection (7.4).

The stream temperature at Station 1was 19.4C and was slightly higher than the previous year

(17.6C) and Station 4 was the same as the previous year, 16.9C. Stream temperatures are

related to the velocity of the stream through open, shaded, or partially shaded areas, depth of

stream, substrate materials, and the time of year that samples are collected. It is notable that

stream conditions (including temperature, DO, conductivity, and pH) are also impacted by

preceding weather events (downpours, thunderstorms, weather fronts, prolonged drought, etc.).

Neither station emanated detectable odors when sediments were disturbed during sample

collection.

Terrestrial conditions differed between Stations 1 and 4. Adjacent woodlands and grass/shrub

cover were found at both stations. Station 1 is abutted by gently sloping woodlands and fields.

The Levengood Road bridge is located immediately upstream from Station 1. Lands adjacent to

and east of Station 4 exhibited low topographic relief and included palustrine emergent (PEM)

wetlands and uplands, as evidenced by existing vegetation and hydrology. An almost vertical

embankment, which extended along the western edge of the watercourse at Station 4, defined the

downstream limits of the sampling area.

4.2 MACROINVERTEBRATE SAMPLING RESULTS

All macroinvertebrate taxa collected from 1988 through 2015, common names, available

pollution tolerance indices, and Hilsenhoff Biotic Indices are listed in Table 2 (Appendix D).

Tolerance indices utilize a revised Hilsenhoff (1988) scale of 0-10. The 0-10 scale was adopted

for use with EPA’s Rapid Bioassessment Protocol III and was modified to include non-arthropod

species. Low tolerance values indicate pollution sensitivity among specific organisms. Since

1988, density and diversity indices have reflected a rich benthic community supported by good

quality habitat. In 2015, a total of 17 taxa and 973 specimens were collected from Station 1

(Table 3 in Appendix D). A total of 25 taxa and 668 specimens were collected from Station 4

(Table 4 in Appendix D).

4.2.1 Sample Station 1 – Levengood Road

In 2015, 973 specimens representing 17 taxa were collected from Station 1, which is located

upstream from the permit area. The representative taxa, number of individuals collected, and

associated Hilsenhoff sensitivity enumerations are listed in Table 3. The following table presents

the five most dominant taxa among the specimens collected (expressed in percent abundance):

Scientific Name

Common Name

Number

Collected

Percent

Abundance

Tolerance

Values

Biotic Index

Chironomidae Midges 817 84 6.0-8.0 6

Caenis Mayfly 87 8.9 7.6 7

Stenacron Mayfly 18 1.8 1.7-7.1 4

Eurylophella Mayfly 15 1.5 0.3-5.1 4

Naididae Naiad Worm 8 0.8 2.5 4

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The number of specimens captured from EPT and Chironomidae taxa produced an

EPT/Chironomidae ratio of .15, which is slightly below the median value recorded for Station 1

since the study began in 1988 (0.26). This ratio indicates an unbalanced EPT and Chironomidae

ratio for the year 2015 sampling program.

4.2.2 Sample Station 4 – Downstream of Permit Area

In 2015, 668 specimens representing 25 taxa were collected from Station 4, located downstream

from the permit area. The representative taxa, number of individuals collected, and associated

Hilsenhoff sensitivity enumerations are listed in Table 4. The following table presents the five

most dominant taxa among the specimens collected (expressed in percent abundance):

Scientific Name

Common Name

Number

Collected

Percent Abundance

Tolerance

Values

Biotic

Index

Chironomidae Midges 434 65 6.0-8.0 6

Caenis Mayfly 107 16 7.6 7

Dugesia Flatworm 20 3 0.3-5.1 4

Eurylophella Mayfly 16 2.4 1.7-7.1 4

Naididae Naiad Worm 10 1.5 -- 5

The number of specimens captured from EPT and Chironomidae taxa produced an EPT/

Chironomidae ratio of .39, which matches the median value recorded for Station 4 (.39) since the

study began in 1988.

4.2.3 1998 – 2015 Data Evaluation and Comparison

Station 1

The following section details individual metrics utilized to describe community health from year

to year at Station 1.

1. Taxa/Species Richness Indices (1998 - 2014)

Total number of taxa (range):

- from 10 (2000) to 38 (2001)

- mean = 26.5; std. dev. = 10.5

- 2015 taxa value - 17

Total number of specimens (range):

- from 108 (2000) to 6875 (2003)

- mean = 1500.9; std. dev. = 1974.1

- 2015 specimen value - 973

2. EPT Index (1998 - 2014)

Total number of EPT taxa (range):

- from 1 (2000) to 15 (2001)

- mean = 7.2; std. dev. = 3.7

- 2015 EPT value - 8

3. EPT/Chironomidae Ratio (1998 - 2014)

Ratio of EPT to Chironomidae taxa (range):

9

- from 0.02 (2000) to 42 (2004)

- mean = 1.9; std. dev. = 8.2

- 2015 EPT/Chironomidae value – .15

In comparison with data from the previous sampling years, 2015 data represent values for

taxa/species richness (density) within the previous sampling years’ average while the number of

EPT taxa has shown an increase from year 2014.

Station 4

The following section details individual metrics utilized to describe community health from year

to year at Station 4.

Taxa/Species Richness Indices (1998 - 2014)

Total number of taxa (range):

- from 10 (2000) to 37 (2005)

- mean = 29.6; std. dev. = 10.59

- 2015 taxa value - 25

Total number of specimens (range):

- from 118 (1998) to 2781 (2003)

- mean = 994; std. dev. = 780.2

- 2015 specimen value – 668

EPT Index (1998 - 2014)

Total number of EPT taxa (range):

- from 2 (2000) to 15 (2003)

- mean = 9.3; std. dev. = 4.0

- 2015 EPT value – 12

EPT/Chironomidae Ratio (1998 - 2014)

Ratio of EPT to Chironomidae taxa (range):

- from 0.08 (2000) to 2.69 (2004)

- mean = 0.74; std. dev. =0.74

- 2015 EPT/Chironomidae value – .39

In comparison with data from the previous 27 sampling years, 2015 Station 4 data represent

lower taxa/species richness (density) values and a lower EPT/Chironomidae ratio than the

average, but are within the standard deviation values. Additionally, the number of EPT taxa

collected in this year’s sampling (12) is above the average of 9.3 for the previous 26 sampling

years. While year 2014 sampling resulted in a significant drop in species diversity (0.96), year

2015 resulted in a slight increase, which, although still low, is more similar to results from years

prior to 2014 sampling. This could be as a result of a flushing event last year which greatly

reduced species diversity.

5.0 SUMMARY

In mid May 2015, STV conducted benthic macroinvertebrate sampling at three stations within

Goose Run, adjacent to Pottstown Landfill as part of an annual monitoring requirement specified

in PADEP Permit #100549. Sample collection methodologies and locations have remained

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consistent since 1988, with one exception. The only inconsistency in methodology involved the

use of a different diameter mesh in the D-frame kick net from pre- and post-1998 samples. Prior

to 1998, an environmental sampling team other than STV utilized a 595-micron mesh net; post-

1998 samples were collected by STV using an 800-micron mesh net. Since 1998, STV has

performed benthic sampling in accordance with the most recent PADEP guidance for conducting

macroinvertebrate surveys (Guidelines for Benthic Macroinvertebrate Stream Surveys for

Landfills (PADER, 1988)). The document recommends the use of an 800-900 micron mesh net

for wadeable streams. Based on the variation in mesh sizes, and in accordance with previous

PADEP technical comments, this annual survey report no longer includes statistical comparisons

between pre- and post-1998 sample data. Additionally, this report includes sensitivity

enumerations as identified by the PADEP in a table entitled Hilsenhoff Biotic Index Scores

(March 1997).

Evaluations of physical, chemical, and biological data that were collected as part of the stream

survey indicate that post-1998 Goose Run has recovered from stressed conditions that resulted

from extreme climatological and the resultant environmental stresses (i.e., significant drought

and flooding events). An evaluation of all 2015 sampling data presented herein does not indicate

adverse impacts (i.e., pollution) to water quality within Goose Run that can be attributed to the

permit area. Comparisons of water quality data over twenty seven years of sampling reveal

normal fluctuations in the stream’s abiotic and biotic characteristics, which are related to

temporal changes. Accordingly, there is no indication that fluctuations are in any way related to

potential deleterious impacts attributable to the permit area. Though Goose Run watershed had

experienced periodic flushing from significant rainfall events (thunderstorms with heavy rainfall

totals and increased discharge rates) the weeks prior to the collection date, sampling for the year

2015 report occurred during a period of low stream flow volumes in Southeastern Pennsylvania.

An outcome of the 2015 survey was a slight decrease in species diversity from year 2014.

Sampling at Station 1 resulted in the collection of a total of 128 EPT specimens (representing 8

taxa) and 817 Chironomidae specimens, resulting in an EPT/Chironomidae ratio of 0.15, which

is below the average ratio of 1.95 (averaged since 1998) and slightly below the median ratio of

0.26 (averaged since 1998). While a ratio of 0.15 represents a relatively unbalanced EPT versus

Chironomidae community within Goose Run for the year 2015 (as compared to a balanced

community with a value of 1), the last 10 years of sampling have shown EPT/Chironomidae

values to be lower. It should also be noted that the Year 2004 EPT/Chironomidae value of 42 has

skewed the average ratio value upward. If this value were to be discounted as an outlier, the

average ratio value for the remaining 24 years is 0.34, which would demonstrate year 2015

results as being within standard deviation values.

Station 4 collections netted 171 EPT specimens and 434 Chironomids, resulting in an

EPT/Chironomidae ratio of 0.39, which is below the average EPT/Chironomidae ratio of 0.74

(averaged over the same span). Though previous years of sampling have shown a steady

increase in the EPT/Chironomidae ratio, year 2014 (0.19) displayed a considerable drop from

year 2013 (0.33) (see Appendix D) which was likely due to recent weather events rather than

adverse reactions from the landfill, which would result in an even more dramatic decline, or

disappearance, in EPT specimens. Year 2015 resulted in an increase from the previous two years

and is the highest recorded EPT/Chironomidae ratio since year 2010 sampling. This

demonstrates 2015 conditions are consistent with the past 27 years of sampling and within

standard deviation values.

11

Station 1(2015) species diversity (973) was below the 1998–2014 average of 1500.9 specimens

per year. Taxa richness (17) was below the 26.92 average for the same span, and the 2015

diversity index (.71) was below the average of 1.64 for the years 1998-2014 and displays a slight

drop from year 2014 (.78). Using conventional values of 1.50 as a measure of a diverse

community structure and 1.25 as a community less diverse, 2015 data exhibits low overall

diversity of species and specimens at Station 1, which is comparable to year 2014 data.

Station 4 (2015) species density (668) was below the 1998-2014 average of 994 specimens per

year. Taxa richness (25) was slightly below the average of 29.7 for the same span, and the 2015

diversity index (1.42) was below the average of 2.02 for the years 1998-2014. Using

conventional values of 1.50 as a measure of a diverse community structure and 1.25 as a

community less diverse, 2015 data exhibit lower overall diversity of species and specimens at

Station 4.

As the trend toward greater community balance at Station 4 continues, the lower than average

ratio may have resulted from a shift in stream structure (i.e., disturbance), possibly resulting from

the number of flooding events that preceded the 2015 sampling event. Flooding and the resulting

disturbance over the years are important regulators of diversity and biotic composition in

streams. Sampling data have shown that benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages in Goose Run

have been found to be fairly well adapted to predictable physical disturbances, but unpredictable

or severe disturbances may have negatively affected populations of macroinvertebrates in the

stream. Higher than normal flow events caused by storms have affected Goose Run in previous

years by physically scouring and altering riverbed structure and water velocity. If stream

velocity is high enough, an effect can be that macroinvertebrates may be dislodged from rock

surfaces; they may be crushed or enter into the drift of the river. Movement of bed material

disturbs the organic layers on rock surfaces, affecting gross primary production, community

respiration and net community production. Species with streamlined or flexible bodies (e.g.,

worms, midges), and some with multivoltine life cycles (species that has two or more broods of

offspring per year) have been found to be more adept at surviving in streams with frequent

intense floods. Benthic macroinvertebrates are resilient in that they have the capacity to return to

some previous state following a perturbation as evidenced by community balance ratios trending

upward once again. Acute effects from flooding can be large but have been found to be generally

short lived.

Representative EPT numbers in 2015 continue to support the assessment that Goose Run is not

subjected to long-term environmental stress (in particular, chemical stress) from the adjacent

landfill activities. Significant adverse impacts from the landfill would likely have been

accompanied by a significant reduction in or disappearance of pollution-sensitive EPT taxa,

particularly at Station 4. This has not been supported by data collected to date from either of the

two Stations.

Evaluations of abiotic and biological data collected and analyzed over the past 27 years indicate

that the resident macroinvertebrate communities in a second order stream such as Goose Run

exhibit variations in biological structure when subjected to physical disturbances within the

benthic habitat. These variations are likely the result of weather extremes (e.g., drought,

hurricanes, periodic thunderstorms with heavy discharge rates) and other perturbations (possibly

including periodic runoff from adjacent farmlands and roads). Variations in weather patterns can

12

influence organic enrichment, sediment loading from the surrounding watershed, in-stream

temperatures, pH and other water quality parameters, as well as other parameters such as

diversity and density of benthic assemblages. Variations in macroinvertebrate community

metrics from year to year can be the result of communities adapting in response to environmental

(natural) influences such as recent reductions in rainfall totals and subsequent flooding

conditions from periodic thunderstorms. Generally, recorded increases over time in assorted

benthic measurement parameters indicate that macroinvertebrate communities in Goose Run

have been maintained during climatological influences that typically result in alterations in flow

conditions, runoff characteristics, sediment composition, and other abiotic conditions within the

stream.

13

6.0 REFERENCES

Bode, R.W. 1988. Quality Assurance Workplan for Biological Stream Monitoring in New York

State. New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, Albany, New York.

Brower, S.E. and J. H. Zar. 1977. Field and Laboratory Methods for General Ecology. William

C. Brown, Company, Dubuque, Iowa.

Hilsenhoff, W.L. 1988. Rapid Field Assessment of Organic Pollution with a Family-Level

Biotic Index. Journal of the North American Benthological Society. Volume 7, Number

1. Pages 65-68.

Klemm, Donald J. 1990. Macroinvertebrate Field and Laboratory Methods for Evaluating the

Biological Integrity of Surface Waters. United States Environmental Protection Agency

(EPA/600/4-90/030), Cincinnati, Ohio.

Kopp, J.F., and G.D. McKee. 1983. Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes.

United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA/600/4-79/020), Cincinnati, Ohio.

Lenat, David R. 1993. A biotic Index for the Southeastern United States: Derivation and List of

Tolerance Values, with Criteria for Assigning Water Quality Ratings. Journal of the

North American Benthological Society. Volume 12, Number 3 (September). Pages 279-

290.

Merritt, R.W., and K.W. Cummins, editors. 1996. An Introduction to the Aquatic Insects of

North America, Second Edition. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company, Dubuque, Iowa.

Peckarsky, B.L., et. al. 1990. Freshwater Macroinvertebrates of Northeastern North America.

Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York.

Pennak, R.W. 1990. Freshwater Invertebrates of the United States, Third Edition. John Wiley

and Sons, Inc. New York, New York.

Plafkin, J.L. et. al. 1989. Rapid Bioassessment Protocols for Use in Streams and Rivers. United

States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA/440/4-89/001), Washington, DC.

Wallace, J.B., 1990 Recovery of Lotic Macroinvertebrate communities from disturbance.

Environ. Manage. 14:605-620.

FIGURES

FIGU

RE

S

Copyright (C) 1997, Maptech, Inc.

075° 41' 00.00" W

075° 41' 00.00" W

075° 40' 00.00" W

075° 40' 00.00" W

075° 39' 00.00" W

075° 39' 00.00" W

040° 18' 00.00" N

040° 18' 00.00" N

040° 17' 00.00" N

040° 17' 00.00" N

040° 16' 00.00" N

040° 16' 00.00" N

5 Sample Station 4

5 Sample Station 1

5 Sample Station 0

Magnetic Declination

12° W

�

APPENDIX AData Field Sheets for

Stream Macroinvertebratesand Characterization

APPE

ND

IX A

PH

YS

ICA

L C

HA

RA

CT

ER

IZA

TIO

N/W

AT

ER

QU

AL

ITY

FIE

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DA

TA

SH

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T

ST

AT

ION

0

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5

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15

PH

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ICA

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ICS

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AR

IAN

ZO

NE

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ST

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AM

FE

AT

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ES

Pre

do

min

ant

Su

rrou

nd

ing L

and

Use

:

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rest

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ield

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ture

A

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l R

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enti

al

Co

mm

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al

Indu

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er

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cal

Wat

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on

: N

on

e M

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PS

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llu

tion

: N

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vid

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S

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us

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Est

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Vel

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fs,

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- 0

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cfs

Dam

Pre

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Yes

X

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Yes

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over

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1 c

fs,

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Oth

er

Sed

imen

t O

ils:

A

bse

nt

Sli

gh

t M

od

erat

e P

rofu

se

Sed

imen

t D

epo

sits

: S

lud

ge

Saw

du

st

Pap

er F

iber

S

and

Rel

ict

Sh

ells

O

ther

Are

th

e u

nd

ersi

des

of

ston

es w

hic

h a

re n

ot

dee

ply

em

bed

ded

bla

ck?

Yes

N

o

Ino

rgan

ic S

ub

stra

te C

om

pon

ents

Org

anic

Su

bst

rate

Co

mp

on

ents

Su

bst

rate

Typ

e

Dia

met

er

Per

cen

t

Co

mp

osi

tio

n

in S

amp

lin

g A

rea

S

ub

stra

te T

yp

e

Ch

arac

teri

stic

s

Per

cen

t

Co

mp

osi

tio

n

in S

amp

lin

g A

rea

Bed

rock

Det

ritu

s S

tick

s, W

oo

d,

Co

arse

Pla

nt

Bo

uld

er

>2

56

-mm

(1

0 i

n.)

Mat

eria

ls (

CP

ON

)

Co

bble

6

4-2

56

-mm

(2

.5-1

0 i

n.)

5

0

Gra

vel

2

-64

-mm

(0

.1-2

.5 i

n.)

5

0

M

uck

-Mu

d

Bla

ck,

Ver

y F

ine

Org

anic

San

d

0.0

6-2

.00

-mm

(gri

tty)

(F

PO

N)

Sil

t .0

04

-.0

6-m

m

Cla

y

<.0

04

-mm

(sl

ick)

Mar

l G

rey,

Sh

ell

Fra

gm

ents

WA

TE

R Q

UA

LIT

Y

Tem

per

atu

re:

16

.9 C

D

isso

lved

Ox

ygen

:

6.5

6

pH

:

7.3

2 _

_

Co

ndu

ctiv

ity:

.0.3

5 m

S/c

m

O

ther

:

Inst

rum

ent(

s) U

sed

D

isso

lved

Ox

yg

en:

YS

I M

od

el 5

7,

pH

: B

eck

man

Mo

del

240

, C

ond

uct

ivit

y:

Ho

rib

a M

od

el U

-10

Str

eam

Typ

e:

Co

ld w

ater

W

arm

wat

er

Wat

er O

do

rs:

No

rmal

S

ewag

e

Pet

role

um

C

hem

ical

N

on

e O

ther

Wat

er S

urf

ace

Oil

s:

Sli

ck

Sh

een

Glo

be

Fle

cks

No

ne

Tu

rbid

ity:

Cle

ar

Sli

gh

tly T

urb

id

Tu

rbid

O

paq

ue

Wat

er C

olo

r

WE

AT

HE

R C

ON

DIT

ION

S:

Su

nn

y,

Hig

h 7

0’s

PH

OT

OG

RA

PH

NU

MB

ER

: 1

an

d 2

OB

SE

RV

AT

ION

S A

ND

/OR

SK

ET

CH

: S

trea

m e

xh

ibit

s sl

igh

tly l

ow

er f

low

th

an y

ear

20

14

APPENDIX BPhotograph Log

APPE

ND

IX B

PHOTOGRAPH LOG

Photo 1: Station 4 Facing Upstream

Photo 2: Station 4 Facing Downstream

Photo 3: Station 1 Facing Downstream

Photo 4: Station 1 Facing Upstream

Photo 5: Station 0 Facing Downstream

Photo 6: Station 0 Facing Upstream

APPENDIX CStation 0

Macroinvertebrate Sample Results

APPE

ND

IX C

APP

END

IX C

MA

CR

OIN

VER

TEB

RA

TES

CO

LLEC

TED

YEA

RLY

AT

STA

TIO

N 0

FR

OM

GO

OSE

RU

N IN

TH

E VI

CIN

ITY

OF

POTT

STO

WN

LA

ND

FILL

, MO

NTG

OM

ERY

CO

UN

TY, P

ENN

SYLV

AN

IA

Mac

roin

verte

brat

e Ta

xa19

96

6/27

1997

8/

719

98

8/13

1999

N

/A20

00

6/22

2001

5/

2420

02

6/19

2003

5/

1520

04

7/14

2005

6/

220

06

5/23

2007

5/

1620

08

5/30

2009

5/2

2010

5/25

2011

6/27

2012

6/15

2013

6/21

2014

5/23

2015

5/13

A

nnel

ida

Nem

atod

a3

Olig

ocha

eta

2819

7842

315

07

Lum

bric

ida

L

umbr

icid

ae14

517

214

645

Lum

bric

ulid

ae2

3

M

egad

rilli

271

12

2N

aidi

dae

27

88Tu

bific

inae

22

Tub

ifici

da

Enc

hytra

eida

e1

1

Tub

ifici

dae

1923

11

Rhy

ncho

bdel

lida

Glo

ssip

honi

idae

1

Glo

iobd

ella

1

Hel

obde

llae

210

10A

rthro

poda

Cru

stac

ea

A

mph

ipod

a

Gam

mar

idae

Cra

ngon

yx8

6022

434

424

110

416

160

162

61

2

G

amm

arus

169

2915

712

3

Tal

itrid

ae

D

ecop

oda

C

amba

ridae

Cam

baru

s3

43

84

13 I

nsec

ta

C

oleo

pter

a

Cur

culio

nida

e1

D

ytis

cida

e

A

gabu

s13

3712

110

111

161

1

D

ytis

cus

417

Hyd

ropo

rus

81

211

035

371

519

3428

160

331

Neo

poru

s9

1

Elm

idae

Dub

iraph

ia2

1

O

ptio

serv

us1

23

Mac

rony

chus

1

S

tene

lmis

231

191

22

41

31

H

alip

lidae

Ple

tody

tes

26

12

12

H

ydro

phili

dae

Ber

osus

1

3

E

noch

rus

1

H

ydro

bius

12

3

H

ydro

philu

s1

Par

acym

us1

P

seph

enid

ae

P

seph

enus

51

83

214

463

811

2

APP

END

IX C

MA

CR

OIN

VER

TEB

RA

TES

CO

LLEC

TED

YEA

RLY

AT

STA

TIO

N 0

FR

OM

GO

OSE

RU

N IN

TH

E VI

CIN

ITY

OF

POTT

STO

WN

LA

ND

FILL

, MO

NTG

OM

ERY

CO

UN

TY, P

ENN

SYLV

AN

IA

Mac

roin

verte

brat

e Ta

xa19

96

6/27

1997

8/

719

98

8/13

1999

N

/A20

00

6/22

2001

5/

2420

02

6/19

2003

5/

1520

04

7/14

2005

6/

220

06

5/23

2007

5/

1620

08

5/30

2009

5/2

2010

5/25

2011

6/27

2012

6/15

2013

6/21

2014

5/23

2015

5/13

C

olle

mbo

la1

E

ntom

obry

idae

Dip

tera

C

erat

opog

onid

ae2

11

A

trich

opog

on2

Cul

icoi

des

1

P

robe

zzia

2

B

ezzi

alP

alpo

myi

a10

61

C

hiro

nom

idae

1333

167

201

3423

3587

136

922

360

9824

373

642

432

422

878

401

824

264

C

ulic

idae

Ano

phel

es

1

C

ulex

7

Eph

ydrid

ae3

P

sych

odid

ae

P

eric

oma

5

Sim

uliid

ae1

1

S

imul

ium

2

Stra

tiom

yida

e

S

tratio

mys

1

Tip

ulid

ae1

Ant

ocha

12

3

P

olym

era

1

T

ipul

a3

23

16

13

1

E

phem

erop

tera

B

aetid

ae

A

cent

rella

1

B

aetis

72

389

1948

22

1240

Cen

tropt

ilum

1

C

allib

aetis

231

C

aeni

dae

Cae

nis

1518

16

2822

32

6064

E

phem

erel

lidae

1

E

uryl

ophe

lla6

112

74

811

1656

H

epta

geni

idae

Ste

nacr

on1

126

192

134

424

L

epto

phle

biid

ae

L

epto

phle

bia

114

166

Par

alep

toph

lebi

a2

32

42

4

H

abro

phle

boid

es7

S

iphl

onur

idae

Sip

hlon

urus

31

O

ligon

eurii

dae

Ison

ychi

a3

Hem

ipte

ra6

B

elos

tom

idae

Bel

osto

ma

1

Cor

ixid

ae

S

igar

a8

21

Hes

pero

corix

a16

127

1

APP

END

IX C

MA

CR

OIN

VER

TEB

RA

TES

CO

LLEC

TED

YEA

RLY

AT

STA

TIO

N 0

FR

OM

GO

OSE

RU

N IN

TH

E VI

CIN

ITY

OF

POTT

STO

WN

LA

ND

FILL

, MO

NTG

OM

ERY

CO

UN

TY, P

ENN

SYLV

AN

IA

Mac

roin

verte

brat

e Ta

xa19

96

6/27

1997

8/

719

98

8/13

1999

N

/A20

00

6/22

2001

5/

2420

02

6/19

2003

5/

1520

04

7/14

2005

6/

220

06

5/23

2007

5/

1620

08

5/30

2009

5/2

2010

5/25

2011

6/27

2012

6/15

2013

6/21

2014

5/23

2015

5/13

T

richo

corix

a27

G

errid

ae

A

quar

ius

1

G

erris

54

113

Lim

nopo

rus

1

T

repo

bate

s1

8

Vel

iidae

Mic

rove

lia1

11

Lep

idop

tera

N

octu

idae

1

M

egal

opte

ra

Sia

lidae

Sia

lis4

72

1

O

dona

ta

Aes

chni

dae

Aes

chna

12

2

B

oyen

ia1

1

Coe

nagr

ioni

dae

Isch

nura

2

C

alop

tery

x1

11

C

ordu

liida

e

N

euro

cord

ulia

1

Gom

phid

ae

S

tylo

gom

phus

27

18

69

11

31

1

L

anth

us4

3

P

leco

pter

a

Nem

ourid

ae

A

mph

inem

ura

145

12

P

erlid

ae

A

cron

euria

151

Ecc

optu

ra1

Per

lest

a12

2211

12

P

erlo

dida

e

I

sope

rla52

2

Tr

icop

tera

H

ydro

psyc

hida

e2

Cer

atop

sych

e28

Che

umat

opsy

che

3245

64

41

31

Hyd

rops

yche

252

6D

iple

cton

a4

1H

ydro

ptili

dae

Hyd

ropt

ila2

1Le

ptoc

erid

aeM

ysta

cide

s 4

11

L

imne

phili

dae

1

Phi

lopo

tom

idae

Chi

mar

ra1

11

P

olyc

entro

podi

dae

Pol

ycen

tropu

s1

12

APP

END

IX C

MA

CR

OIN

VER

TEB

RA

TES

CO

LLEC

TED

YEA

RLY

AT

STA

TIO

N 0

FR

OM

GO

OSE

RU

N IN

TH

E VI

CIN

ITY

OF

POTT

STO

WN

LA

ND

FILL

, MO

NTG

OM

ERY

CO

UN

TY, P

ENN

SYLV

AN

IA

Mac

roin

verte

brat

e Ta

xa19

96

6/27

1997

8/

719

98

8/13

1999

N

/A20

00

6/22

2001

5/

2420

02

6/19

2003

5/

1520

04

7/14

2005

6/

220

06

5/23

2007

5/

1620

08

5/30

2009

5/2

2010

5/25

2011

6/27

2012

6/15

2013

6/21

2014

5/23

2015

5/13

Zy

gopt

era

L

estid

ae

Le

stes

1M

ollu

sca

Gas

tropo

da

A

ncyl

idae

21

F

erris

sia

1

L

ymna

eida

e

Fos

saria

16

Phy

sida

e2

6422

642

P

hysa

/Phy

sella

27

151

3470

292

14

2

P

lano

rbid

ae1

1

Hel

isom

a1

Biv

alvi

a

Ven

eroi

da

S

phae

riida

e6

P

isid

ium

21

26

1P

laty

helm

inth

es T

urbe

llaria

2

Tric

ladi

da

P

lana

riida

e7

D

uges

ia60

371

32

Tota

l Spe

cim

ens

1508

772

296

014

126

1817

3614

2082

640

021

678

510

2212

8273

125

510

644

296

855

4To

tal T

axa

2227

100

823

1623

1810

1725

2526

3011

1615

2119

EPT

Taxa

33

30

07

28

73

48

49

113

24

8EP

T/C

hiro

nom

idae

Rat

io0.

030.

240.

10

00.

006

0.11

81.

0926

.70.

0417

0.28

60.

144

0.06

250.

1650

90.

1697

50.

0175

439

0.02

60.

0224

0.12

APPENDIX DTables

APPE

ND

IX D

TABLE 1Water Quality Results

for Stations 1 and 4(1988-2015)

Tabl

e I

Wat

er Q

ualit

y R

esul

ts fo

r Sta

tions

1 a

nd 4

(198

8 - 2

015)

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

Med

ian

Stat

ion

1Te

mp.

(oC

)21

1920

2020

.522

.520

2116

1925

NA

2313

.620

.63

14.7

19.6

21.1

12.8

22.4

619

.66

17.4

20.2

1922

.320

17.6

19.4

20D

isso

lved

O2

7.9

9.2

8.2

7.7

8.6

10.6

9.4

108.

56.

78.

311

.79.

948.

7312

.05

8.55

9.93

9.17

9.57

9.34

8.75

9.9

9.8

9.5

8.88

11.4

9.16

9.2

Spe

c. C

ond.

(um

hos/

cm @

K25

)pH

(sta

nd. u

nits

)7.

57.

87.

37.

27.

67.

57.

27.

37.

26.

77.

15.

47.

787.

27.

17.

496.

939.

427.

97.

36.

987.

057.

96.

417.

968.

28.

097.

3S

tream

Vel

ocity

(ft/s

ec)

0.04

2.45

0.06

0.07

0.01

0.08

0.02

0.01

0.13

0.01

0.01

0.25

0.23

0.22

30.

290.

820.

010.

010.

013.

020.

010.

010.

010.

010.

010.

010.

010.

01St

atio

n 4

Tem

p. (o

C)

17.5

1919

22.5

2528

.526

.521

2226

24N

A23

15.8

519

.53

13.5

19.3

18.1

11.8

20.6

18.5

20.0

321

.523

.122

.320

.616

.916

.920

.6D

isso

lved

O2

9.6

9.4

10.9

6.9

7.6

1512

.310

.512

.46.

65.

912

10.4

87.

1511

.03

8.55

8.92

9.71

9.32

9.37

9.3

9.3

9.2

9.3

9.23

11.2

6.56

9.32

Spe

c. C

ond.

(um

hos/

cm @

K25

)pH

(sta

nd. u

nits

)7.

47.

57.

57.

47.

68.

67.

57.

87.

56.

67

6.8

7.54

7.32

7.67

7.51

7.19

8.12

7.41

7.3

7.07

6.97

7.3

7.04

8.11

7.1

7.32

7.4

Stre

am V

eloc

ity (f

t/sec

)0.

053.

50.

120.

290.

040.

130.

030.

030.

260.

010.

010.

890.

40.

763

0.23

1.35

0.01

0.01

0.01

2.17

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.03

272.

8

247.

2

303.

1

248

201.

3

305.

2

294

292

272

245

303.

123

9.1

266

221.

3519

6.03

238.

15

267.

2321

120

939

031

434

035

842

439

238

054

072

128

7

208

170

270

319

295

319

311

383

362

375

341

263

266

248

233.

5

317.

726

2.7

0.39

5

0.35

372.

5

192

230

0.57

182

353

0.5

162.

2

NA

- N

o sa

mpl

es w

ere

colle

cted

in 1

999

beca

use

of d

roug

ht c

ondi

tions

. S

ubm

itted

11-

year

sum

mar

y re

port

to P

AD

EP

.

TABLE 2Pollution Tolerance Indices

TABLE 2ALPHABETIC LIST, POLLUTION TOLERANCE INDICES (LENAT 1993 AND KLEMM 1990), AND HILSENHOFF BIOTIC

INDICES (HILSENHOFF 1988 AND BODE 1988) FOR ALL MACROINVERTEBRATE TAXA COLLECTED IN GOOSE RUN DURING 1988 THROUGH 2015.

Scientific Name Common NamePollution

Tolerance IndexHilsenhoff

Biotic IndexAcroneuria stonefly 0.0 - 2.2 0

Aeshna dragonfly 4 5Agabus predaceous diving beetle - 5Agnetina stonefly 0 2

Americanus mayfly 7.6 -Amphinemura stonefly 3.4 3

Anacaena water scavenger beetle - -Ancylidae snail 7

Anopheles mosquito 9.1 -Antocha crane fly 4.6 3Aquarius water strider NA

Argia blue damselfly 8.7 6Atherix snipe fly 2.1 2

Atrichopogon biting midge 6.8 2Attaneuria stonefly 3

Baetis mayfly 1.8-7.2 6Berosus water scavenger beetle 8.6 5Bezzia true fly 6Boyeria dragonfly 6.3 2Caenis square-gill mayfly 7.6 7

Callibaetis mayfly 9.3 9Cambarus crayfish 8.1 6

Centroptilum mayfly 2 0Ceratopogonidae biting midge 6 6

Ceratopsyche caddisfly 4 5Chaoboridae phantom midge 8.5 8Chaoborus phantom midge 8

Cheumatopsyche net-spinning caddisfly 6.6 6Chimarra caddisfly 2.8 4

Chironomidae midge 6.0 – 8.0 6Chrysops deer fly 7.3 7Cloeon mayfly 7.4 4

Coenagrionidae damselfly 9 8Collembola springtail 9Copelatus diving beetle 5 -Crangonyx scud 8 6

Culex mosquitoCulicidae mosquito - -Derallus water scavenger beetle 4 -

Dicronota crane fly 0 3Diptera true flies NA

Dolichopodidae long-legged fly 9.7 4Drunella mayfly 0.0-1.3 1

Dubiraphia riffle beetle 6.4 6Dugesia flat worm 7.5 7

Dytiscidae predaceous diving beetle 5Eccoptura stonefly 2Empididae true fly 6Enallagma damselfly 9 8Enochrus water scavenger beetle 8.5 5

Ephemerella mayfly 1Ephydridae mayfly 6

TABLE 2ALPHABETIC LIST, POLLUTION TOLERANCE INDICES (LENAT 1993 AND KLEMM 1990), AND HILSENHOFF BIOTIC

INDICES (HILSENHOFF 1988 AND BODE 1988) FOR ALL MACROINVERTEBRATE TAXA COLLECTED IN GOOSE RUN DURING 1988 THROUGH 2015.

Scientific Name Common NamePollution

Tolerance IndexHilsenhoff

Biotic IndexErpobdella red leech 10 8

Eurylophella mayfly 0.3-5.1 4Ferrissia limpet snail 6.9 7Fossaria pond snail 6 7

Gammarus scud 6.9 6Gerridae water strider 9Gerris water strider - -

Glossosoma caddisfly 0G omphidae dragonfly 4Gomphus dragonfly 6.2 5Haeterina damselfly 6.2 -Haliplidae water beetle 5Helichus riffle beetle 5.4 5Helisoma planorbid snail 7

Helochares water scavenger beetle 4 5Helophorus water scavenger beetle 7.9 5

Hemerodromia dance fly 8.1 6Heptageniidae flathead mayfly 3Hesperocorixa true bug NA

Hexagenia burrowing mayfly 4.7 6Hirudinea leech 6 8Hyalella scud (digger amphipod) 7.9 8

Hydatophylax caddisfly 2.3 2Hydrobius water scavenger beetle - 5

Hydrophilidae water scavenger beetle - 5Hydrophilus water scavenger beetle 5 5Hydroporus predaceous diving beetle 8.9 5

Hydropsyche net-spinning caddisfly 1.8-8.1 5Hydroptila micro-caddisfly 6.2 6Ischnura damselfly 9.4 9Isonychia mayfly 3.8 3Isoperla stonefly 2

Laccophilus water scavenger beetle 10 5Lanthus dragonfly 2.7 5

Lepidostoma caddisfly 1 1Leptophlebia mayfly 4

Lestes damselfly 6 9Libellulidae dragonfly 9 9

Limnephilidae caddisfly 4Limnophora house fly - 6Lumbricidae semi aquatic earthworm - 8

Lumbriculidae aquatic earthworm 7.3 8Megadrili earthworm 8 -

Metrobates water strider - 9Microvelia broad-shouldered water strider - 9

Mooreobdella leech 8 0Mystacides caddisfly - 4

Naididae naiad worm 8 -Nematoda roundworm 9Neoperla stonefly 1.6 3

Neureclipsis caddisfly 4.4 7Nigronia alderfly 5.5 2

TABLE 2ALPHABETIC LIST, POLLUTION TOLERANCE INDICES (LENAT 1993 AND KLEMM 1990), AND HILSENHOFF BIOTIC

INDICES (HILSENHOFF 1988 AND BODE 1988) FOR ALL MACROINVERTEBRATE TAXA COLLECTED IN GOOSE RUN DURING 1988 THROUGH 2015.

Scientific Name Common NamePollution

Tolerance IndexHilsenhoff

Biotic IndexNotonecta back swimmer - -

Oecetis caddisfly 5.7 8Oligochaeta aquatic worm 10Optioservus riffle beetle 2.7 4Oulimnius riffle beetle 5.4 5Palpomyia true fly NA

Paraleptophlebia mayfly 1Parcymus water scavenger beetle - -Pericoma true fly 4Perlesta stonefly 4.9 4Physa pouch snail 9.1 8

Physidae snail 8 8Pisidium pill clam 6.8 8

Planaridae flatworm 9Planorbella snail (ram’s horn) 6.5 -Planorbidae planorbid snail 6Pletodytes crawling water beetle 8.5 5

Polycentropus caddisfly 3.5 6Prostoma proboscis worm 6 -

Prostomosa flatworm NAPsephenidae water penny 4Psephenus water penny 2.5 4Psychodidae moth fly 9.9 10Rhagovelia broad shouldered water strider 6 9

Rheumatobates water strider - -Serratella mayfly 0.0-2.7 2

Sialis alderfly 7.5 6Sigara water boatmen - 8

Simuliidae black fly 6 6Simulium black fly 4.4 6Stenacron mayfly 1.7-7.1 4Stenelmis riffle beetle 5.4 5

Stenonema mayfly 2.1-5.8 3Stratiomyiidae soldierfly - 8

Stratiomys soldierfly 8 -Stygobromis scud - -

Stylogomphus dragonfly 4.8 -Tabanidae horse fly - 6

Tipula crane fly 7.7 4Tipulidae crane fly 4

Trepobates water strider - -Trichocorixa water boatmen 8 8

Tricorythodes mayfly 5.4 4Tropisternus water scavenger beetle 9.8 5Tubificidae tube worm 8.0-10.0 10Turbellaria flat worm 6 7

TABLE 3Station 1 Sample Results

TAB

LE 3

MA

CR

OIN

VER

TEB

RA

TES

CO

LLEC

TED

YEA

RLY

AT

STA

TIO

N 1

FR

OM

GO

OSE

RU

N IN

TH

E VI

CIN

ITY

OF

POTT

STO

WN

LA

ND

FILL

, MO

NTG

OM

ERY

CO

UN

TY, P

ENN

SYLV

AN

IA

1988

5/

2319

89

7/17

1990

7/

1019

91

7/8

1992

7/

2019

93

7/

2719

94

7/

1319

95

7/

1019

96

6/

2719

97

8/

719

98

8/

1319

99

N

/A20

00

6/

2220

01

5/

2420

02

6/

1920

03

5/

1520

04

7/

1420

05

6/

220

06

5/

2320

07

5/

1620

08

5/

3020

09

5/

220

10

5/

2520

11

6/

27

2012

6/15

2013

6/21

2014

5/

2320

15

5/

13A

nnel

ida

3 O

ligoc

haet

a26

/10

71/1

047

3/10

63/1

0

L

umbr

icid

a

Lum

bric

idae

1313

151

44

31

32

12

L

umbr

icul

ida

L

umbr

icul

idae

148

11

Tub

ifici

da

Tub

ifici

dae

19

123

N

aidi

dae

21

18

Nem

atod

a1

1 M

egad

rilli

165

Olig

ocha

eta

Rhy

ncho

bdel

lida

Glo

ssip

honi

idae

H

elob

della

e1

6 H

irudi

nea

1/8

2/8

Glo

ssip

honi

idae

H

elob

della

e1

G

loio

bdel

la1

Arth

ropo

da C

rust

acea

Dec

apod

a

Cam

barid

ae

C

amba

rus

22

41

3/6

3/6

4/6

47

32

12

Am

phip

oda

G

amm

arid

ae

C

rang

onyx

761

423

32

833

/ 66

4248

106

76

1

S

tygo

brom

us1

Gam

mar

us7

319

10/ 6

3/6

79/6

H

yale

llida

e

H

yale

lla4

31

21

Ins

ecta

Col

eopt

era

D

ryop

idae

Hel

ichu

s1

1

Dyt

isci

dae

31/

5

A

gabu

s3

32

31

212

73/5

4/5

77/5

35

103

1C

opel

atus

1

D

ytis

cus

1426

Hyd

ropo

rus

813

3417

156

626

104

287

/52/

585

/52/

57

736

2932

141

17

L

acco

philu

s9

11

Neo

poru

s11

34

E

lmid

ae

D

ubira

phia

43

3843

716

815

21/

65/

61

81

Mac

rony

chus

1

O

ulim

nius

1/5

Opt

iose

rvus

33

3945

9914

350

211

2/5

12

1

S

tene

lmis

3836

7484

447

5150

6637

1528

/52/

59/

52

110

810

15

92

4

Hal

iplid

ae6/

5

P

leto

dyte

s1

31

33

19

1922

131

25/

56/

55/

53

56

2114

21

14

1

Hyd

roph

ilida

e1

15

1

A

naca

ena

2

B

eros

us

21

11

Der

allu

s3

Eno

chru

s2

14

12

Hel

ocha

res

11

1

H

ydro

bius

11

43

52

1/5

21

Par

acym

us24

62

41

11

Tro

pist

ernu

s2

24

71

H

elop

horid

ae

H

elop

horu

s1

TAB

LE 3

MA

CR

OIN

VER

TEB

RA

TES

CO

LLEC

TED

YEA

RLY

AT

STA

TIO

N 1

FR

OM

GO

OSE

RU

N IN

TH

E VI

CIN

ITY

OF

POTT

STO

WN

LA

ND

FILL

, MO

NTG

OM

ERY

CO

UN

TY, P

ENN

SYLV

AN

IA

1988

5/

2319

89

7/17

1990

7/

1019

91

7/8

1992

7/

2019

93

7/

2719

94

7/

1319

95

7/

1019

96

6/

2719

97

8/

719

98

8/

1319

99

N

/A20

00

6/

2220

01

5/

2420

02

6/

1920

03

5/

1520

04

7/

1420

05

6/

220

06

5/

2320

07

5/

1620

08

5/

3020

09

5/

220

10

5/

2520

11

6/

27

2012

6/15

2013

6/21

2014

5/

2320

15

5/

13

Pse

phen

idae

Pse

phen

us13

1147

9320

740

225

104/

46/

47/

42

101

2226

112

94

Col

lem

bola

E

ntom

obry

idae

1/9

Dip

tera

C

erat

opog

onid

ae1

1/6

30/ 6

Atri

chop

ogon

11

11

Bez

zial

Pal

pom

yia

210

13

13

375

11

Pro

bezz

i a1

C

haob

orid

ae

C

haob

orus

1/8

C

hiro

nom

idae

148

275

956

2849

636

147

928

615

963

647

5558

4461

/ 631

6/6

4566

/ 65/

613

0090

578

1288

262

471

436

380

111

880

817

C

ulic

idae

2

A

noph

eles

412

5

C

ulex

4/N

A

Dol

icho

podi

dae

1

Em

pidi

dae

Hem

erod

rom

ia2

35

19

16/

61

E

phyd

ridae

M

usci

dae

Lim

noph

ora

1

Psy

chod

idae

1

P

eric

oma

1

Sci

omyz

idae

Sep

edon

1

Sim

uliid

ae8/

66/

6

S

imul

ium

1312

12

2/6

S

tratio

myi

dae

11/

8

Tab

anid

ae1

T

ipul

idae

Ant

ocha

261

Dic

rano

ta2

Tip

ula

81

127

15

41/

42/

41

221

2

E

phem

erop

tera

B

aetid

ae

B

aetis

875

126

2530

543

101

28/ 6

9/6

41/ 6

3/6

11

Cal

libae

tis5

631

13/

9

C

loeo

n15

1

P

rocl

oeon

1

C

entro

ptilu

m1

69

22

C

aeni

dae

Cae

nis

42

1410

022

621

946

20/7

2/7

86/7

1/7

14

6432

6419

257

160

87

Eph

emer

ellid

ae

E

phem

erel

la29

/16/

117

1

E

uryl

ophe

lla32

17/

41/

42

332

2415

Ser

rate

lla36

H

epta

geni

idae

Ste

nacr

on2

3743

21

510

1/3

1620

436

104

313

4848

18

S

teno

nem

a24

5/3

L

epto

phyp

hida

e1

L

epto

phle

biid

ae

L

epto

phle

bia

11/4

1/4

1025

/4

P

aral

epto

phle

bia

416

1811

Hab

roph

lebo

ides

1

Sip

hlon

urid

ae

S

iphl

onur

us1

1

Olig

oneu

riida

e

Is

onyc

hia

14

2 /N

A

Tric

oryt

hida

e

Tr

icor

ytho

des

382

6316

215

68

303

52

Hem

ipte

ra

Cor

ixid

ae

TAB

LE 3

MA

CR

OIN

VER

TEB

RA

TES

CO

LLEC

TED

YEA

RLY

AT

STA

TIO

N 1

FR

OM

GO

OSE

RU

N IN

TH

E VI

CIN

ITY

OF

POTT

STO

WN

LA

ND

FILL

, MO

NTG

OM

ERY

CO

UN

TY, P

ENN

SYLV

AN

IA

1988

5/

2319

89

7/17

1990

7/

1019

91

7/8

1992

7/

2019

93

7/

2719

94

7/

1319

95

7/

1019

96

6/

2719

97

8/

719

98

8/

1319

99

N

/A20

00

6/

2220

01

5/

2420

02

6/

1920

03

5/

1520

04

7/

1420

05

6/

220

06

5/

2320

07

5/

1620

08

5/

3020

09

5/

220

10

5/

2520

11

6/

27

2012

6/15

2013

6/21

2014

5/

2320

15

5/

13

S

igar

a10

292

1811

35

776

120

1

H

espe

roco

rixa

1024

/NA

17/N

A9/

NA

Tric

hoco

rixa

5

Ger

ridae

2/9

Aqu

ariu

s1/

NA

367

Ger

ris6

37

25

23

313

Lim

nopo

rous

31

Met

roba

tes

42

Tre

poba

tes

181

V

eliid

ae

M

icro

velia

1225

153

115

11

Rha

gove

lia1

1

M

egal

opte

ra

Sia

lidae

Sia

lis1

939

513

1147

424

321

Odo

nata

A

eshn

idae

Aes

hna

12

11

105

Boy

eria

2/2

1

Coe

nagr

ioni

dae

1

A

rgia

12

12

1/6

21

Ena

llagm

a1

G

omph

idae

Gom

phus

12

11/

51

Lan

thus

1424

354/

43

Sty

logo

mph

us11

95

182

112

819

22

63

L

estid

ae

L

este

s2

L

ibel

lulid

ae1

C

alop

tery

gida

e

C

alop

tery

x2

1

P

leco

pter

a2/

3

Nem

ourid

ae

A

mph

inem

ura

12/3

55/3

3

Per

lidae

Acr

oneu

ria5/

070

/0

A

gnet

ina

1

A

ttane

uria

11/3

Ecc

optu

ra1

Neo

peria

21

Per

lest

a4

1/3

104

1420

111

72

P

erlo

dida

e

Is

oper

la68

/NA

11

Tric

opte

ra

Hyd

rops

ychi

dae

1/5

5/5

Che

umat

opsy

che

119

179

114

140

673

706/

617

3/6

11

13

C

erat

opsy

che

8/5

Hyd

rops

yche

1711

251

1511

942

14/5

11/5

3

Hyd

ropt

ilida

e

H

ydro

ptila

25

288

50/ 6

1/6

109/

61

L

epto

cerid

ae

M

ysta

cide

s10

1713

7

O

ecet

is1

L

imne

phili

dae

2/4

2/4

P

hilo

ptom

idae

Chi

mar

ra33

5813

06

114

101/

49/

41

P

olyc

entro

podi

dae

Neu

recl

ipsi

s1

11

Pol

ycen

tropu

s3

145

11/

61

5M

ollu

sca

Gas

tropo

da

A

ncyl

idae

TAB

LE 3

MA

CR

OIN

VER

TEB

RA

TES

CO

LLEC

TED

YEA

RLY

AT

STA

TIO

N 1

FR

OM

GO

OSE

RU

N IN

TH

E VI

CIN

ITY

OF

POTT

STO

WN

LA

ND

FILL

, MO

NTG

OM

ERY

CO

UN

TY, P

ENN

SYLV

AN

IA

1988

5/

2319

89

7/17

1990

7/

1019

91

7/8

1992

7/

2019

93

7/

2719

94

7/

1319

95

7/

1019

96

6/

2719

97

8/

719

98

8/

1319

99

N

/A20

00

6/

2220

01

5/

2420

02

6/

1920

03

5/

1520

04

7/

1420

05

6/

220

06

5/

2320

07

5/

1620

08

5/

3020

09

5/

220

10

5/

2520

11

6/

27

2012

6/15

2013

6/21

2014

5/

2320

15

5/

13

Fer

rissi

a3

181

1

L

ymna

eida

e

Fos

saria

232

43

Phy

sida

e9/

830

/ 8

Phy

sa/P

hyse

lla2

12

193

525

/81

156

026

2020

14

Pla

norb

idae

4/6

5/6

Biv

alvi

a

Ven

eroi

da

S

phae

riida

e9/

8

Pis

idiu

m16

350

21

1/8

1N

emat

oda

1/9

2/9

Pla

tyhe

lmin

thes

Tur

bella

ria

Tric

ladi

da

P

lana

ridae

4/9

Pla

riida

e

Dug

esia

112

7023

145

425

646

154

76

73

H

oplo

nem

ertin

i

Te

trast

emm

atid

ae

Pro

stom

osa

22

Tota

l Spe

cim

ens

361

644

2098

4197

2295

579

1233

1733

1319

1070

197

108

4950

458

6875

364

1378

164

864

2126

695

745

570

447

247

1130

973

Tota

l Tax

a26

2646

4939

2826

4631

2411

1036

2433

2018

1721

3024

3821

2223

1117

EP

T Ta

xa7

914

109

33

117

63

115

512

107

77

84

123

37

38

EP

T/C

hiro

nom

idae

Rat

io0.

580.

560.

660.

180.

360.

050.

120.

860.

190.

381.

350.

020.

045

0.04

70.

3242

0.04

1667

0.48

90.

261

0.07

0.79

0.21

8683

70.

0619

266

0.01

30.

720.

260.

15D

iver

sity

Inde

x2.

121.

992.

261.

62.

161.

721.

12.

41.

231.

342.

571.

350.

851.

681.

881.

771.

767

1.62

1.3

1.25

2.24

1.78

1.05

0.81

1.98

0.78

0.71

Eve

nnes

s0.

660.

60.

590.

410.

590.

520.

340.

620.

370.

420.

820.

630.

170.

381

0.37

0.11

Not

e: C

ells

dep

ictin

g da

ta fr

om y

ear 2

004

incl

ude

two

num

bers

. Th

e fir

st n

umbe

r rep

rese

nts

the

num

ber o

f spe

cim

ens

colle

cted

at t

he s

tatio

n. T

he s

econ

d nu

mbe

r rep

rese

nts

the

Hils

enho

ff B

iotic

Inde

x (s

ensi

tivity

enu

mer

atio

n) fo

r tha

t pa

rticu

lar g

enus

and

spe

cies

.

TABLE 4Station 4 Sample Results

TAB

LE 4

MA

CR

OIN

VER

TEB

RA

TES

CO

LLEC

TED

YEA

RLY

AT

STA

TIO

N 4

FR

OM

GO

OSE

RU

N IN

TH

E VI

CIN

ITY

OF

POTT

STO

WN

LA

ND

FILL

, MO

NTG

OM

ERY

CO

UN

TY, P

ENN

SYLV

AN

IA

1988

5/

2319

89

7/17

1990

7/

1019

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Not

e: C

ells

for y

ears

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1thr

ough

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clud

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rs.

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Inde

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r tha

t par

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enus

and

spe

cies

.

APPENDIX EResumes of STV Personnel

APPE

ND

IX E

1 Resumes

SERVING THE ENERGY INDUSTRY

James McGinleyENVIRONMENTAL SCIENTIST

FIRMSTV

EDUCATIONBACHELOR OF ARTS, ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES POLICIES; ECKERD COLLEGE

TRAININGOSHA 8-HOUR REFRESHER TRAINING

PLANT IDENTIFICATION: WETLANDS AND THEIR BORDERS; INSTITUTE FOR WETLAND AND ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH

OSHA 40-HOUR HAZWOPER CERTIFICATION

EMERGENCY CARE STANDARD FIRST AID COURSE

EMERGENCY CARE ADULT CPR COURSE

BLOODBORNE PATHOGEN TRAINING

38-HOUR ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS WETLAND DELINEATION & MANAGEMENT TRAINING PROGRAM

Mr. McGinley is an environmental scientist with more than 11 years of experience specializing in threatened and endangered species surveys, wetlands delineation and mitigation, habitat evaluations, and environmental/ecological investigations and restoration. He has conducted threatened and endangered species surveys and population assessments, as well as multiple wetlands projects for government agencies. As an intern with the National Marine Fisheries Service, Mr. McGinley assembled data related to Caribbean reefs species that was ultimately used to create an amendment to the Sustainable Fisheries Act.

Project ExperienceRegency Energy Partners (formerly PVR Marcellus Gas Gathering) Citrus East Expansion - Environmental ScientistPerforming preliminary survey stakeout, wetlands delineations, and permitting for an approximately 5-mile, 12-inch natural gas gathering line in Wyoming County, PA.

Regency Energy Partners (formerly PVR Marcellus Gas Gathering) Krause Gathering Line - Environmental ScientistConducting preliminary survey stakeout, wetlands delineations, and permitting for an approximately 17-mile, 12-inch natural gas gathering line in Tioga and Lycoming counties, PA.

Regency Energy Partners (formerly PVR Marcellus Gas Gathering) Phase IV - Environmental ScientistPerforming preliminary survey stakeout, wetlands delineations, and permitting for an approximately 5-mile, 12-inch natural gas gathering line in Lycoming County, PA.

Regency Energy Partners (formerly PVR Marcellus Gas Gathering) 9-Mile Gas Pipeline Gath-ering - Environmental ScientistCompleting preliminary survey stake-out, wetlands delineations, and permitting for 9 miles of 16-inch to 24-inch natural gas gathering pipeline in Wyoming and Susquehanna counties, PA.

Regency Energy Partners (formerly PVR Marcellus Gas Gathering) West Line Extension - Environmental ScientistPerforming preliminary survey stake out, wetlands delineations and permitting for an approximately 1.2- mile, 12-inch natural gas gathering line from an existing system terminus at to the new Kintner Well site on the eestern side of the Susquehanna River in Meshoppen, PA.

BG&E Southern Reinforcement Project - Environmental ScientistCompleting a wetlands delineation and a threatened and endangered species survey to support pipeline replacement work along a Baltimore Gas and Electric (BG&E) power line corridor in Baltimore.

Buckeye Pipe Line Buckeye-Independence Pipeline Study - Environmental ScientistCompleted an environmental permitting needs analysis for a 1,500-mile-long ethanol pipeline in order to provide environmental cost estimates for a feasibility study for the construction of an ethanol pipeline from Iowa to New Jersey.

1 Resumes

SERVING THE ENERGY INDUSTRY

Brian Roberts, PWS, CPESCENVIRONMENTAL SCIENTIST

FIRMSTV

EDUCATIONMASTER OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT; DUKE UNIVERSITY

BACHELOR OF ARTS, ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES; GETTYSBURG COLLEGE

TRAINING/CERTIFICATIONSPROFESSIONAL WETLAND SCIENTIST (PWS); SOCIETY OF WETLAND SCIENTISTS

CERTIFIED PROFESSIONAL IN EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL (CPESC)

USACE WETLAND DELINEATION TRAINING PROGRAM WITH REGIONAL SUPPLEMENT

CERTIFIED, LEVEL I AND LEVEL II ROSGEN STREAM CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM LEVELS I AND II; WILDLAND HYDROLOGY

SAFELAND USA TRAINING; AMERISAFE CONSULTING AND SAFETY SERVICES

MEMBERSHIPSMEMBER, PENNSYLVANIA ASSOCIATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROFESSIONALS (PAEP)

MEMBER, SOCIETY OF WETLAND SCIENTIST (SWS)

Mr. Roberts is experienced in wetland delineation, habitat assessments, stream restoration and wetland mitigation monitoring, hydrogeomorphic surveys, invasive species monitoring, and data analysis for the purpose of obtaining state and federal water quality and wetlands permits. He also has experience coordinating with various state and federal agencies..

Project ExperienceSunoco Allegheny Access Project - Environmental ScientistConducting multiple wetland delineations for an approximately 160-mile-long natural gas liquids pipeline between Tiffin, OH, and Vanport, PA. The two-phase project, for Sunoco Logistics, includes the recommissioning of the Inland Line to allow deliveries to Mogadore, OH. Eighty miles of new line will be installed with 12-inch piping and the remaining portions will be repaired as necessary. Phase II includes increasing the rate from Cedar Point to Mogadore to 80,000 barrels per day and the installation of a new 79-mile line from Mogadore to Vanport. Mr. Roberts also completed the Ohio EPA Rapid Assessment Method (ORAM) for wetlands and instructed other members of the delineation team in ORAM methodology. He has also performed Qualitative Habitate Evaluation Index and Headwater Habitat Evaluation Index stream assessments along 150 miles of pipeline right-of-way.

PPL Lock Haven Switchyard Replacement and Mitigation Site - Environmental ScientistIdentifying and conducting wetland delineations, completing draft PA functional assessment protocols, and assisting in environmental permitting applications to the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers for the replacement of PPL’s Lock Haven switchyard in Lock Haven, PA. The proposed new switchyard would be located south of the existing switchyard. Mr. Roberts also instructed the project team about the new functional assessment protocols.

Regency Energy Partners (formerly PVR Marcellus Gas Gathering) Wellsboro Gathering Line - Environmental ScientistIdentifying and conducting wetland delineations and assisting in environmental permitting applications to the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers for an approximately 17-mile pipeline project in Tioga and Lycoming counties, PA. Mr. Roberts also assisted in a bat telemetry study to determine the nocturnal movements of the rare silver-haired bat, which is a candidate for entry into the endangered species list.

Regency Energy Partners (formerly PVR Marcellus Gas Gathering) Loyalsock Gathering System - Environmental ScientistIdentifying and conducting wetland delineations and assisting in environmental permitting applications to the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers for approximately 20-miles of pipeline projects in Lycoming County, PA.

INDOT I-69 Mitigation Monitoring - Environmental Scientist IIDeveloped scopes and budgets for this $3 million on-call monitoring contract with the Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT). Mr. Roberts was responsible for monitoring more than six sites along Interstate 69 ranging in size from 20 acres to 250 acres. He interpreted permits and assisted his client with understanding their responsibilities for regulatory compliance. Mr. Roberts provided deliverables to regulatory agencies including monitoring plans and reports.

2 Resumes

SERVING THE ENERGY INDUSTRY

INDOT Six Points Stream Restoration Monitoring - Environmental Scientist IIPerformed and supervised biological monitoring for the Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) as part of a stream restoration in Six Points, IN. The project was the result of the expansion of the nearby Indianapolis International Airport, which required the relocation and restoration of the stream. Mr. Roberts monitored approximately three miles of the restored stream in accordance with Rapid Bioassessment Protocols from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. He conducted a stream assessment based on the Qualitative Habitat Evaluation Index (QHEI). Mr. Roberts also supervised and performed fish surveys, hydrogeomorphic surveys, and vegetation identification.

Town of Plainfield Newby Lane Stream Restoration - Environmental Scientist IIManaged biological monitoring services for the town of Plainfield, IN, as part of the construction of a warehouse. Mr. Roberts performed a stream assessment in accordance with the Headwater Habitat Evaluation Index (HHEI). He also supervised and performed fish surveys, hydrogeomorphic surveys, and vegetation identification.

IDEM George Creek Stream and Wetland Restoration - Environmental Scientist IIProvided oversight and performed biological monitoring for the Indiana Department of Environmental Management (IDEM) in Plainfield, IN. Mr. Roberts conducted a stream assessment in accordance with the Headwater Habitat Evaluation Index (HHEI). He also performed fish surveys, hydrogeomorphic surveys, and vegetation identification.

NCEEP On Call Monitoring Contract - Environmental ScientistManaged and executed a vigorous schedule of 20 stream and wetland restoration sites as part of an on call monitoring contract with the North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement Program (NCEE). Mr. Roberts supervised multidisciplinary teams to survey and monitor a total of approximately 50,000 lf of streams and 100 acres of wetlands. Tasks included performing longitudinal profile and cross-sections, sediment analysis, vegetation identification and assessment, ground and surface water monitoring, data analysis, invasive species monitoring, and reporting. He also assisted in the construction management of stream restoration sites in Tennessee and North Carolina.

TSMP Pavilion Branch Habitat Construction - Environmental ScientistSupervised and monitored the construction of an endangered species habitat for the Tennessee Stream Mitigation Program (TSMP) in Davidson County, TN. The endangered species, the Nashville crayfish, is found in a very limited area, and its environment is threatened by urban encroachment and contaminated runoff. In addition to providing project oversight, Mr. Roberts contributed to the project’s strategic planning meetings.

Duke University Environmental Soil Analysis - Laboratory AssistantPerformed testing of pH, organic matter, microbial weight, and percentage of nitrogen and phosphorus in soil samples. Mr. Roberts also executed analyses of particulate organic matter (POM), pH, and turbidity of water samples. In addition, he conducted statistical data analysis of sample types and installed various ground monitoring wells using Geoprobe.

Brian Roberts, PWS, CPESCENVIRONMENTAL SCIENTIST

1 Resumes

SERVING THE ENERGY INDUSTRY

Amanda SchellhamerENVIRONMENTAL SCIENTIST

FIRMSTV

EDUCATIONBACHELOR OF SCIENCE, AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES; MINOR, WILDLIFE AND FISHERIES SCIENCE, PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY

TRAINING40-HOUR HAZWOPER; OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION (OSHA)

36 HOUR WETLAND DELINEATION TRAINING: RICHARD CHINN ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING, INC.

SAFELAND USA TRAINING; AMERISAFE CONSULTING AND SAFETY SERVICES

MEMBERSHIPS

MEMBER, PENNSYLVANIA ASSOCIATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROFESSIONALS (PAEP)

ASSOCIATE MEMBER, PENNSYLVANIA ASSOCIATION OF PROFESSIONAL SOIL SCIENTISTS (PAPSS)

MEMBER, SOCIETY OF WETLAND SCIENTISTS (SWS)

Ms. Schellhamer is an environmental scientist with experience in environmental surveys and investigation, permitting, and preparation of compliance documentation. Her expertise includes wetland delineation, forest stand delineation, macroinvertebrate sampling, habitat evaluation, GPS surveys, data collection, and data analysis for the purpose of obtaining federal, state, and local permits for water quality, wetland, and forest conservation regulation.

Project ExperienceSunoco Pipeline L.P. Allegheny Access Project - Environmental Scientist Conducting environmental investigations of Sunoco’s front-end engineering and design study to recommission a pipeline stretching from Inland Fostoria West, OH, to Mogadore, OH, as well as the installation of a new pipeline from Mogadore, OH, to Vanport Junction, PA. Ms. Schellhamer is identifying wetlands, waterways, and other environmentally sensitive resources. Using a GPS Trimble system, she has performed wetland delineations and field documented survey points. She has also performed Qualitative Habitate Evaluation Index and Headwater Habitat Evaluation Index stream assessments along the 150 miles of ROW. Ms. Schellhamer has also assisted in the preparation of permits for wetland and waterway impacts.. Thereafter she conducted multiple inspections during the construction monitoring program and the following wetland restoration efforts.

BGE Mt. Airy to Westminster Pipeline Relocation - Environmental ScientistConducting forest stand delineations for an 11-mile pipeline construction project for Baltimore Gas and Electric (BGE) in Carroll County, MD. Ms. Schellhamer is completing delineations to determine the acreage of forest to be mitigated as a result of project impacts. Ms. Schellhamer is also calculating an exact count of the number of stems to be affected and determining methodologies to mitigate for forest impacts. She is also assisting in the permitting process.

Regency Energy Partners (formerly PVR Marcellus Gas Gathering) Wellsboro - Environmen-tal Scientist Conducted site assessment to identify wetlands, waterways, and other environmentally sensitive resources for a 22-mile, 24-inch natural gas gathering system in Tioga County, PA. Ms. Schellhamer also assisted in wetland delineations and marked survey points with the use of a GPS Trimble system.

Regency Energy Partners (formerly PVR Marcellus Gas Gathering) 9-Mile Pipeline - Environ-mental InternAssisted in wetland delineations and determined survey points with the use of a GPS Trimble system for the installation of 9 miles of 16-inch to 24-inch natural gas gathering pipeline in Wyoming and Susquehanna counties, PA.

PPL Transmission ROW Encroachment - Environmental Scientist Conducting site assessments to identify environmental constraints in support of PPL’s review and mitigation of ground clearance discrepancies along its right of way (ROW). The discrepancies that are outside of design tolerances of transmission lines were identified by PPL’s North American Electric Reliability Council (NERC) assessment plan. Ms. Schellhamer is also preparing aerial imagery and creating points for site access.