POULTRY DISEASESకోళ్ళ పెంపక కెంద్రాలలోవచ్చు వా్య దులు

Dr. P. RAVI SEKHAR

LECTURER IN ZOOLOGY

GOVT. COLLEGE FOR MEN (AUTONOMOUS), KADAPA

BACTERIL DISEASES IN POULTRY

India is an agriculture based country

(భారతదేశమువా వసాయఆధారితదేశము).

Ever increasing demand for food needs of the

growing population is not totally met by the agriculture

and it products alone.

Poultry farming is found to be the best alternative

and thus it has become the second best profession

for many people of India.

To day poultry industry is the fastest growing sector

(వేగవెంతెంగాఅభివృది్ధ చెందులతున్న రెంగము) of India’s

agriculture.

The Aseel, a famous Indian breed, was highly prized by

lovers of cock fighting all over the world.

INTRODUCTION (ఉపోాాతము)

Poultry include chickens, turkey, ducks, and geese.

These animals are raised for their meat and eggs.

Chickens are the most common bird raised for both meat and eggs.

Chickens that are raised for their meat are called broilers.

Chickens that are raised for their eggs are called layers.

The Christian Missionaries were the first to start a scientific poultry

farming in India , beginning of 20th century.

The first mission poultry farm was established in Etah, U.P in 1912.

Poultry farming was mostly a backyard venture upto 1957.

Indian Poultry Development Project 1957

The middle and late seventies recorded a tremendous progress in

the poultry industry.

Dr. Banda Vasudev Rao (B.V. Rao) - ‘Father of Indian Poultry Industry’

Honoured with "Padmashree" award in 1990 - contributions to the Indian

poultry industry.

Central Avian Research Institute , Izatnagar, near Bareilly

(U.P) was established in 1979 to provide strong research support to

poultry industry .

Current scenario:

India is third largest egg producer (భారతదేశముగుడ్ల

ఉతప త్తి లో మూడ్వ స్థసాన న్ము) after China and USA,

and fourth largest chicken producer (భారత దేశము

మెంసము ఉతప త్తి లో నాలగవ స్థసాన న్ము) after China,

brazil and USA.

The per capita eggs consumption has gone up from 30 to

68 and the chicken from 400 gm to 2.5 kg.

Human nutritionists recommended 180 eggs & 10 kg

chicken per year.

• Disease is a metabolic derailment (జీవ ద్రియు

అదులపుతపప టెం)

(or)

Any condition that results in deviation from

normal function.

• Loss of appetite - ఆకలిమదగించడిం

• Loss of weight - బరువుతరుగుదల

• Paralysis of wings and legs – రెకక ల పక్షవాతము

• Diarrhoea - విరేచనాలు

• Respiratory disorders – శా్వ స సింబింధరుగ్మ తలు

• Whitening of the pupil – కనుపాప తెలలబారుట

• No water intake

• Infected birds move away from flock – సమూహము

నెండివేరగుట

GENERAL SIGNS OF DISEASE(వా్య ధులసాధారణలక్షణాు)

GENERAL SIGNS OF DISEASE

• Greenish or yellowish stools – ఆకుపచచ / పసుపు

మల విసర్ జన

• Coughing - దగుు

• Distress - ఒత్తడిి

• Nasal discharge –నాసిక శ్రశ్వవాలు

• Lesions and ulcers on intestine – పేగులపైగాయాుపుెండ్లల

• Mottled spleen – ప్ల లమముపెరుగుదల

• Drop in egg production –గుడల ఉతప త్తి తగుుట

• Thinning out of egg shells - గుడ్లు పెంకుపుచపడ్లట

• Nephrosis and enlargement of kidneys

• Swelling of the face -

• Conjunctivitis – కిండల కలక

• Gasping -గుర్క

• Nasal exudation with blood streaks -

• Yellowish or brown warts -

• Dullness –చురుకుదనింకోల్పప వుట

• Ruffled feathers – గ్రుకుఈకలు

• Lesions on the gonads –బీజ కోశ్వలపైనగాయాలు

• Baby or young chickens aggregate in groups

Poultry diseases are classified into

Viral

Bacterial

Fungal – శేలెంద్రర వా్య దులు

Parasitic – పరాన్న జీవ సెంబెంధ వా్య దులు

BACTERIL DISEASES IN POULTRY

BACTERIL DISEASES Fowl typhoid –కోళ్ళ లోటైఫాయిడ్

Chronic respiratory disease – దీరగకాళిక శా్వ స కోశ వా్య ధి

Fowl Cholera –కోళ్ళ లో కలరా వా్య ధి

Coryza -కొరైజ (పడిశము)

Pullorum Disease –పులోల రమ్ వా్య ధి

Coliform infections –కోలిఫామ్వా్య ధుు

Spirochaetosis or Tick fever –కోళ్ళ లోపక్షవ్యతము

Fowl typhoid (కోళ్ళ లోటైఫాయిడ్)

• Salmonella gallinarum

• Sharp decline in forage consumption is recorded (ఆహార వినియోగతరుగురల)

• About 1/3 of chicks hatched from eggs of this typhoid infected chicken die వాా ది సోకిన గుడల

నుించిపొదిగన పిలలలల్ప 1/3 వింతుమర్ణిసి్తయి

• Liver becomes bronze greenish colored

• Sarcoma like nodules

• Splenomegaly

• Transmission is through contaminated eggs

• Chronic fowl typhoid is called Salmonellosis

• Lesions arise in the gonads

• Thick pendulating follicles appear on ovaries

Treatment:

chemotherapy treatment of infected poultry is

necessary.

Chronic respiratory diseaseదీరగకాళిక శా్వ స కోశ వా్య ధి

Egg transmitted disease

Mycoplasma gallisepticum & gallinarum

Gram negative and non motile bacteria

symptoms

Prolonged breathing problem is the symptom

Loss of appetite, high fever, drooping of wings, Ruffled feathers on comb

Profuse tear secretion

• More severe during the winter.

• Infection is caused due to

contamination of water with droppings

• High rate of mortality 80%

• Disease can be controlled by

Dipping of eggs in antibiotic solution -

Tylosin,Roscillin,furazoidine

Fowl Cholera (కోళ్ళ లో కలరా వా్య ధి)

• Pasteurella multocida

• Gram negative, bipolar and non-motile bacteria

• Symptoms:

• Bluish comb, nasal discharge, greenish yellow diarrhoea

• Visceral hemorrhages

• Birds stop taking feed

• Chronic condition - Birds walk in circles , non coordination between organs.

19

• Bacterial transmission through the contaminated food and water, oral and naaldischarges.

• Recovered birds are the best carriers

• Treatment with sulphonamides andtetracyclins

• Antibiotics can also be given in powderedform (hostacyclin, roscillin, auromycin etc.,)

• Infection can be prevented with throughfumigation and sanitation

Coryza కొరైజ (పడిశము)

Haemophilus paragallinarum

• Bacterial transmission through water andmoist litter are the main source of infection.

Symptoms:

• Coughing, sneezing, fowl smelling dischargesfrom eyes and nostrils.

• Infection can be controlled by givingstreptomycin, dehydrostreptomycin andsulphathiazole

Swollen and watery eyes in Coryza

22

Pullorum Disease (పులోల రమ్ వా్య ధి)

Bacillary white diarrhoea• Salmonella pullorum

• Young chicken 5 -10 days

• Baby chicken and young chick aggregate in groups

• Symptoms:

• Dullness, bacillary white diarrhoea, breathing problem and high mortality.

• Feathers around the vent in many chickens are stained with diarrhoeic faeces.

• Affected chick appear somnolent

• Greyish white nodes on internal organs like

heart, lungs, liver and gizzard.

• Ureter is often overloaded with urates

• Adult carrier bird spread the infection through

excreta

Chicks affected with Pullorum

25

Coliform infectionsకోలిఫామ్వా్య ధుు

• Escherichia coli

(C. septicaemia, C. bacillosis, C. pericarditis)

• Infecting large intestine, caecae

• It is also responsible for yolk sac infections

• Broilers are more susceptible in high stocking areas

• Liver impairment , enlargement of liver may occur

Spirochaetosis or Tick fever కోళ్ళ లో పక్షవ్యతము

• Disease is caused by Borrelia ansrina

Symtoms:

• Pale combs & wattles, greenish diarrhoea,

• Transmitted by fowl ticks

• Antibiotic treatment – penicillin, kanamycin, streptomycin and chlorotetracyclin.