power and power managementmy-boardclub.com/site_docs/ftm/ftm_1501.pdfand cypress’s proven capsense...

Application Spotlight on

Power and Power Management

Component Focus: pages 2-11 NXP reinvents the ARM® Cortex®-based MCU for a new generation of sensor-rich applications

Application Spotlight: pages 13-25 Microchip’s MCP1911x power controllers combinethe best of the analogue and digital worlds

Technical View: pages 26-27 The magnetic encoder: a robust device for rotarymeasurements

Board of the Month: page 25 Create an isolated flyback converter circuit with nooptocoupler, with ROHM Semiconductor’s board

S T A R P R O D U C T

2 EMAIL [email protected] FOR SAMPLES AND DATASHEETS

Cypress Semiconductor has introduceda highly integrated Bluetooth® LowEnergy (BLE) Programmable System-on-Chip (PSoC) which simplifies thedesign of low-power, sensor-basedsystems for the Internet of Things.

The PSoC® 4 BLE integrates a Bluetooth Smartradio, a 32-bit ARM® Cortex®-M0 core with low-power modes, programmable analogue blocks,and Cypress’s proven CapSense® capacitivetouch-sense controller. PSoC 4 BLE alsointegrates an on-chip balun which simplifiesantenna design while reducing board size andsystem cost.

This enables the creation of Bluetooth Smartproducts that benefit from long battery life,customisable sensing capabilities, and a sleek,intuitive user interface.

In addition, Cypress provides a streamlineddevelopment environment that helps toaccelerate the process of integrating BluetoothLow Energy capability into end-productdesigns. Cypress has simplified the BluetoothLow Energy protocol stack and profileconfiguration into a new royalty-free, GUI-based‘BLE Component’. This is an embedded ICwithin PSoC represented by an icon which canbe dragged and dropped into designs usingCypress’s PSoC Creator™ Integrated DesignEnvironment (IDE).

Alternatively, users of Eclipse® or other ARM-based tools can customise their own BluetoothLow Energy solutions on PSoC Creator andexport the design to their preferred IDE.

Bluetooth Low Energy system-on-chip provides integratedcapacitive sensing

CYPRESS SEMICONDUCTOR

APPLICATIONS• Home automation• Healthcare equipment• Sports and fitness monitors• Wearable devices

FEATURES• Up to 128kbytes of Flash and 16kbytes of

SRAM• Bluetooth Smart radio: -92dBm Receive

sensitivity, up to +3dBm Transmit power• Four op amps• 12-bit, 1Msamples/s ADC• Two low-power comparators• 1.3µA Deep Sleep current• 150nA Hibernate current• 60nA Stop current

SECURITYAUTOMOTIVEMEDICALLIGHTINGINDUSTRIALENERGY CONSUMER TELECOMMS

Future Electronics to distributeSensirion sensors globallySensor semiconductor manufacturer Sensirionhas announced the signing of a global salesagreement with Future Electronics. Underthe agreement, Future Electronics will sellthe Sensirion product portfolio of humiditysensors and sensor solutions for themeasurement and control of gas flows.

Millions of sensors and sensor solutionsfrom Sensirion have been used worldwidefor many years in the automotive industry,medical technology, building technology,industrial equipment and consumer goods.Sensirion’s products are based on theinnovative CMOSens® technology, whichintegrates a sensor and evaluation circuit ona single chip.

Power MOSFETs offer big reductionin reverse-recovery chargeVishay Intertechnology has introduced thefirst two devices in its new 600V EF series offast body-diode N-channel power MOSFETs.Featuring a low reverse-recovery charge andlow on-resistance, the Vishay SiliconixSiHx28N60EF and SiHx33N60EF will helpdesigners of industrial, telecoms, computingand renewable-energy applications toachieve increased reliability and higherenergy efficiency.

Analogue front-end ICs ideal forpower measurementMicrochip has released two new AnalogueFront End (AFE) ICs for single-phase metersand power monitors. The new MCP3919integrates three, and the MCP3912 four,channels of 24-bit, delta-sigma analogue-to-digital conversion. They offer very highaccuracy, including -107dB total harmonicdistortion, for precise signal acquisition. The new AFEs also include a low-driftvoltage reference, programmable gainamplifiers, phase-delay compensation andcyclic redundancy check.

Cross-reference tool for power ICsIntersil has released a new power cross-reference utility which enables designers totake a bill of materials containing power-management parts and quickly generate alist of comparable Intersil parts.

The tool compares the parametric data ofcompetitors’ devices with the parametricdata of Intersil devices, and presents alogically sorted list showing a list of Intersildevices that perform the same basicfunction. It also highlights each parameteron the corresponding Intersil devices,classifying them as ‘as good’, ‘better’, ‘nearspec’ or ‘outside spec’.

©Copyright 2015 Future Electronics Ltd. All trademarks contained herein are theproperty of their respective owners. Applications for product samples, badgeboards, demonstration boards, Future Electronics’ boards and other advertisedmaterials from Future Electronics are offered subject to qualification.

N E W S I N B R I E F

For more information [email protected]:

For samples or pricing [email protected]:

Bluetooth Low EnergyThe Bluetooth Low Energy Pioneer development kitsupports system-level designs using the PSoC Creatordevelopment software, which includes numerousexample projects using Bluetooth Low Energytechnology. The kit has been designed to allow formaximum design flexibility, supporting the use of Arduinoshields and providing an easy to use, FCC-certified PSoC4 BLE module. Orderable Part Number: CY8CKIT-042-BLE

FREEBOARDS

Apply now at my-boardclub.comFast-track board request code: FTM51A

The Cypress Bluetooth Low Energysolutions also contain programmableCapSense™ touch-sensing interfaces withbuilt-in two-finger gestures, benefittingfrom Cypress’s SmartSense™ Auto-tuningalgorithm. This completely eliminates the

requirement for manual touch-system tuning.

Application details forCypress’s BLEComponent are

embedded in PSoCCreator withexamples of allsupported Bluetooth

Low Energy profiles andhundreds of example

projects for mixed-signalsystem designs.

STARPRODUCT

C O M P O N E N T F O C U S

3VISIT THE ONLINE FTM MAGAZINE AT: WWW.MY-FTM.COM

Power-efficient MCUs optimisedfor sensor processing

Low-power MCU supports sensorcontrol and internet connectivity

NXP SEMICONDUCTORS

NXP SEMICONDUCTORS

APPLICATIONS• Portable fitness and health monitoring• Intelligent sensing• Home and building automation • Fleet management and asset tracking• Robotics and unmanned aerial vehicles

FEATURES• Three Fast Mode+ I2C interfaces • Up to 50 GPIOs• Five clock sources• Choice of standard and advanced timers• 22-channel DMA with 20 programmable

triggers• Operating voltage: 1.62 to 3.6V


APPLICATIONS• Sensor gateways• Climate control• Simple motor control• Portable and wearable devices• Lighting• Fire and security equipment

FEATURES• 32kbyte Flash memory and 8kbyte RAM• 18-channel DMA • Up to four I2C, two SPI and three UART

interfaces• 12-channel, 1.2Msamples/s 12-bit ADC• Switch matrix for flexible I/O pin

configuration




Multiple Sensor ControlThe LPCXpresso824-MAX board includes a three-colourLED, Target ISP, Reset and Wake buttons, and Arduinoconnectors compatible with the Arduino UNO platform. Orderable Part Number: OM13071

FREEBOARDS


Sensor ProcessingThe LPCXpresso54102 development board features anLPC54102 microcontroller together with a three-colourLED, and target Reset, ISP and Wake buttons for easytesting of software functionality.Orderable Part Number: OM13077

FREEBOARDS


The key to theLPC54100 series’meagre use of powerin sensor processingis its innovative dual-core architecture. Itenables developers tooptimise powerefficiency by using a55µA/MHz ARM® Cortex®-M0+core for sensor data collection, aggregationand external communications, and a100µA/MHz ARM Cortex-M4F core to quickly

execute maths-intensive algorithms, for instancefor motion-sensor fusion.

During continuous sensor listening, whendata-collection functions are running on theARM Cortex-M0+ core alone, the LPC54100MCU draws as little as 3µA.

The new architecture is complemented by arange of analogue and digital

interfaces designed for powerefficiency. These include a12-bit, 4.8Msamples/s ADCand low-power serialinterfaces.

To help embeddeddevelopers to bringsensor-based designsto market quickly,NXP hascollaborated with

Bosch Sensortec tooffer an application-

in-a-box SensorProcessing/Motion

Solution. This combines anLPC54102 microcontroller, nine sensorsincluding motion and pressure sensors, sensor-fusion middleware, and NXP’s LPCXpresso™

development platform.

A versatile choice ofconnectivity functionsequips the LPC82xfamily, which featuresa 30MHz ARM®

Cortex®-M0+ core, tohandle variousmicrocontrollerfunctions with greatpower efficiency. As asensor gateway, itefficiently connects to,and concentrates datafrom, multiple analogueand/or digital sensors. For internetcommunication, the LPC82x family, by virtue ofits multiple communication peripherals,supports local-area or cloud connectivity via

wireless protocols such as NFC, Bluetooth®

Smart (Bluetooth Low Energy), ZigBee® andWi-Fi®.

In human-machine interface applications,the LPC82x family acts as an efficient sensorinterface and data aggregator for capacitive-or mechanical-touch, swipe and gesture front

ends. It also provides acompact means to

implement motor-control applications

such as fancontrol.

Users of theLPC82x familybenefit from fullaccess to the

NXP developerecosystem,

including an extensivecollection of tools, drivers

and middleware. NXP alsosupports LPCOpen, a

repository of device drivers,stacks and graphics libraries which enablerapid code development, and which can beused with a wide range of third-party real-timeoperating systems, middleware anddevelopment tools.

NXP Semiconductors has released theLPC82x family of microcontrollers foruse in embedded devices that controlmultiple sensors and that cancommunicate via the internet.

NXP Semiconductors has unveiled theLPC54100 series of microcontrollers,which offers a breakthrough in low-powerperformance for always-on sensorprocessing, and consume an average of20% less power than their closest competitors.



2.4GHz RF amplifier offers low noise and high linearity

BGU7075: supports 2.4GHz frequency band for use in LTE basestations

NXP Semiconductors has announcedthe introduction of the BGU7075, ananalogue-controlled, variable-gainamplifier module.

Offering both low noise and high linearity, it isideal for use in the sensitive receivers found inmobile telephone network basestations.

The BGU7075 may be used to amplify RFsignals at frequencies between 2,305MHz and2,570MHz. It has a gain-control range of morethan 35dB, and at its maximum gain, its noisefigure is 1.12dB. The gain is analogue-controlled, configured so that maximum gain isat 0V and minimum gain is at 3.3V.

In addition, the internal low-noise amplifier hastwo gain settings, which serves to extend thedevice’s dynamic range.

Circuit design with the BGU7075 is simplebecause it is internally matched to 50Ω, whichmeans that no external matching is required.

It is housed in a 16-pin, 8mm x 8mm x1.3mm leadless HLQFN16R package in aSOT1301 outline.

NXP SEMICONDUCTORS

APPLICATIONS• Cellular basestations• Remote radio heads• 3G and LTE infrastructure• Active antennas

FEATURES• -12dBm input power at 1dB gain

compression• Single 5V power supply• Unconditionally stable up to 12.75GHz• ESD protection at all pins


New 75V MOSFETs notable forvery low on-resistance

International Rectifier has announced the expansion of its StrongIRFET™ MOSFETportfolio to include 75V devices suitable for a wide variety of industrial applications.

The new family of 75V powerMOSFETs features ultra-lowon-resistance, providingexcellent performance in low-frequency applications. Thedevices also offer a very highcurrent capability, a soft bodydiode, and a 3V typicalthreshold voltage forimproved noise immunity.

Each device in the family is100% avalanche-tested atthe industry's highestavalanche currents to ensurethat they provide the mostrobust solution for demandingindustrial applications. Thedevices are offered inthrough-hole packages.

International Rectifier’s 75V MOSFETs are well suited to low-frequency switching power supplies

INTERNATIONAL RECTIFIER

APPLICATIONS• Power tools• Light electric-vehicle inverters• DC motor drives• Lithium-ion battery-pack protection• Secondary-side synchronous rectification

FEATURES• 175°C maximum junction temperature• Fully characterised capacitance and

avalanche safe operating areas• Enhanced body diode dV/dt and dI/dt

capability




Part NumberDrain

Current at25°C (A)

Maximum On-resistance at 10V (m)

Gate-chargeat 10V (nC) Package

IRFP7718 195 1.8 552 TO-247ACIRFB7730 174 2.6 271 TO-220ABIRFB7734 130 3.5 180 TO-220ABIRFB7740 62 7.3 81 TO-220ABIRFB7787 76 8.4 73 TO-220ABIRFB7746 42 10.6 55 TO-220ABIRFS7730-7P 240 2.0 285 D2PAK 7-LeadIRFS7730 195 2.6 271 D2PAKIRFS7734 183 3.5 180 D2PAKIRFS7734-7P 197 3.1 180 D2PAK 7-LeadIRFH7787 68 8.0 75 PQFN 5x6IRFS7787 76 8.4 73 D2PAKIRFS7762 85 6.7 85 D2PAKIRFR7740 56 7.2 84 DPAKIRFR7746 56 11.2 59 DPAK



TVS diode arrays offer 60% lower clamping voltagesthan other technologies

Littelfuse has introduced theunidirectional SPHV and bi-directionalSPHV-C series of 200W discreteTransient Voltage Suppression (TVS)diode arrays. The devices are assembledin a SOD882 (0402) package.

The SPHV and SPHV-C series can absorbrepetitive ESD strikes above the maximum levelof the IEC 61000-4-2 international standardwithout performance degradation, and cansafely dissipate up to 8A of induced surgecurrent.

In addition, their low dynamic resistanceresults in up to 60% lower clamping voltagescompared to alternative suppressiontechnologies, making them ideal for theprotection of modern electronics systemspopulated with small-geometry ICs.

The SPHV and SPHV-C are well suited tothe replacement of 0402-sized multi-layervaristors. They are also excellent solutions fordesigners who need to distribute ESDprotection devices around a circuit board.

Made with silicon diodes, the SPHV and SPHV-C arrays have no inherent wear-outfactor. They support the implementation of highlyrobust product designs which are subject tothe constant threat of ESD and which must becapable of withstanding hundreds or thousandsof ESD strikes over the product lifetime.

MOSFETs combine Schottky-like performance withlow leakage current

NXP Semiconductors has introducedthree NextPowerS3 devices, the firstpower MOSFETs to offer a combinationof the performance benefits of anintegrated Schottky diode with lowleakage current.

The devices incorporateNXP’s unique ‘SchottkyPlus’technology which providesthe soft switchingcharacteristics of a Schottkydiode while constraining thehigh leakage current which isassociated with conventionalSchottky diodes. In fact,leakage current in the newNextPowerS3 MOSFETs hasbeen reduced to less than1µA at a 25°C junctiontemperature.

The PSMN0R9-30YLD is a30V MOSFET featuring on-resistance rated at 0.87mΩ.

The PSMN1R0-40YLD and PSMN1R4-40YLDare rated for 40V and have on-resistancevalues of 1.1mΩ and 1.4mΩ respectively.

The NextPowerS3 MOSFETs are alsonotable for their low gate-charge values, whichmean that their switching operation is highlyefficient, a feature that is of particular value athigh frequencies.

Optimised for use as a 4.5V gate driver, theMOSFETs generate little spiking and ringing,helping designers to achieve low levels of EMIin switching power-supply designs.

NextPowerS3: highly efficient switching operations

LITTELFUSE

NXP SEMICONDUCTORS

APPLICATIONS• Automotive electronics • LED lighting modules • Portable instrumentation • General-purpose I/O protection • Mobile and handheld devices • CAN and LIN buses

FEATURES• Up to ±30kV ESD protection (contact

discharge) • Up to 8A surge protection • AEC-Q101 qualified


APPLICATIONS• Motor control• DC-DC conversion• Secondary-side synchronous rectification• Voltage-regulator modules• Point-of-load modules

FEATURES (PSMN1R0-40YLD)• Low parasitic inductance and resistance• 100A maximum drain current at 10V• Operating temperature range:

-55°C to 150°C• 59nC total gate charge at 4.5V• 62ns rise time• 38ns fall time


Littelfuse’s SPHV series replaces 0402 varistors



Avago’s ACPL-K30T: page 6PARTNERWORKING



40V, 2A NPN transistor featureslow saturation voltage

PBSS4240Z: highly efficient operation with low losses

The PBSS4240Z is the latest in NXPSemiconductors’ series of BreakthroughIn Small Signal (BISS) transistors. A 40VNPN transistor, it is particularly notablefor its low collector-emitter saturationvoltage, which peaks at just 80mV whendrawing a collector current of 100mA atan ambient temperature of 25°C.

The small amounts of waste heat generated inthe device whilst in operation mean that it ishighly efficient, making it suitable for use inpower-conversion applications in energy-sensitive products, such as those which run onbattery power.

Continuous collector current is rated at amaximum 2A, and pulsed peak collectorcurrent is 3A. The PBSS4240Z is AEC-Q101qualified for use in automotive applications.

The PBSS4240Z is available in a mediumpower SOT223 plastic package. Its PNPcomplement is the PBSS5240Z.

NXP SEMICONDUCTORS

APPLICATIONS• DC-DC conversion• Supply-line switching• Battery chargers• LCD backlighting• Drivers in low supply-voltage designs• Inductive load drivers

FEATURES• 16K/W thermal resistance from

junction-to-solder point• Minimum current gain of 75 at 5V, 2A• 150MHz minimum transition frequency• 10pF maximum collector capacitance


Launch of industry’s first automotive-gradephotovoltaic MOSFET driver

AVAGO TECHNOLOGIES

APPLICATIONS• Automotive solid-state relays and

switches• Electric-vehicle battery management

systems• Automotive isolated IGBT/MOSFET gate-

drive circuits

FEATURES• Operating temperature range:

-40°C to 125°C• 7V open-circuit voltage• 5µA short-circuit current• 40µs turn-off time• >2kV ESD rating (human body model)




Littelfuse’s SPHVxx-01xTG: page 5PARTNERWORKING

Avago Technologies has introducedthe ACPL-K30T, an optocoupler-based photovoltaic driver intendedto drive high-voltage signalMOSFETs. It can withstand theextreme high temperatures foundunder the hood in vehicles.

The ACPL-K30T is the industry’sfirst solid-state photovoltaic driverthat is automotive qualified incompliance with the AEC-Q100standard Grade 1. It iscompatible with a wide selectionof AEC-Q101-certified MOSFETs.When paired with a suitableMOSFET, it forms a solid-staterelay solution of the desired voltageor current rating.

The device is particularly suitable foruse in the battery management systems of

new electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehiclesand plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. It is also

ideal for the high-temperature powersystems found in conventionalinternal combustion-enginevehicles.

The ACPL-K30T is the latestaddition to the Avago

R2Coupler® family ofautomotiveoptocouplers,

providingreinforced

insulation andoffering high reliability in

critical, under-the-hood applications.

The ACPL-K30T is availablein a stretched SO-8 package

compatible with standardsurface-mount processes.It provides creepage and

clearance distances of 8mm.



60V N-channel MOSFET suitable for high-frequencypower switching

NX7002BKMB: tiny package offers 2kV ESD protection

The NX7002BKMB from NXPSemiconductors is a new N-channelenhancement-mode MOSFET with a 60Vrating, and supporting very fast-switchingpower circuits.

Based on Trench MOSFET technology, thedevice is suitable for use in logic-level powercircuits. It handles a maximum continuousdrain current of 350mA at 10V, 25°C ambienttemperature. At an ambient temperature of100°C, this value falls to 200mA.

The peak drain current for a 10µs pulse is0.9A. The maximum gate-source voltage is20V, and the minimum is -20V.

Drain-source on-resistance is rated at amaximum 2.8Ω at 10V, 200mA, junctiontemperature of 25°C.

The NX7002BKMB is available in a leadlessSOT883B plastic package measuring 1.0mm x0.6mm x 0.37mm and offers ESD protection of 2kV.

Wide-body optocouplers provide 10mm creepage and datarates up to 10Mbaud

Vishay Intertechnology is expandingits VOW wide-body family of high-isolation and wide creepage-distanceoptocouplers with a new series ofdevices featuring 1MBaud and 10MBauddata rates.

The VOW135, VOW136, VOW137 andVOW2611 provide isolation for a maximumtransient voltage of 8,000V, and for a maximum

repetitive peak voltage of 1,414V. These wide-body optocouplers accommodate a wide gapbetween the input and output, providing anexternal creepage distance of >10mm. Thismakes these parts ideal for applicationsoperating at working voltages of more than1,000V.

The VOW optocouplers consist of a GaAIAsinfra-red emitting diode, optically coupled withan integrated photo-detector. In addition, anintegral Faraday shield provides excellent noiseisolation, which is required in switching powercircuits that handle high power.

Eliminating the need for expensive conformal-coated solutions, the VOW devices enabledesigners to meet domestic and internationalsafety requirements at a low cost and in adevice that is easily integrated into end-products with a small form factor.

The VOW135 and VOW136 offer common-mode transient immunity of 1,000V/µs andhigh- and low-level propagation delay of lessthan 2µs at a data rate of 1MBaud.

The VOW137 and VOW2611 devicesprovide a data rate of 10MBaud and highercommon-mode transient immunity of typically40,000V/µs, while keeping high- and low-levelpropagation delay at less than 100ns. Highpulse-width distortion is less than 40ns.

NXP SEMICONDUCTORS

VISHAY

APPLICATIONS• Relay drivers• High-speed line drivers• Low-side load switches• Switching circuits

FEATURES• Operating junction temperature range:

-55°C to 150°C• 40K/W maximum thermal resistance from

junction-to-solder point• 1µA maximum drain leakage current at

60V• 2.1V maximum gate-source threshold

voltage


APPLICATIONS• Alternative energy systems • Solar inverters • Motor control • Welding equipment• Industrial serial communication

FEATURES• 100°C maximum operating temperature• Supply voltage range up to +30V• 0.9pF input-to-output capacitance






P • I • ES E C T I O N

Storage capacitors perform for longer in toughenvironments

146 CTI: low equivalent series resistance

Vishay’s 146 CTI series of aluminiumelectrolytic capacitors are ideal forenergy storage, smoothing and filteringin applications requiring high ripplecurrent, high-temperature capability andlow impedance.

The 146 CTI low-impedance series, part ofVishay’s surface-mount family of aluminiumcapacitors, comprises devices which are

capable of up to 6,000 hours’ useful life at125°C. The whole series is AEC-Q200 qualifiedfor use in automotive electronic-control units aswell as industrial and professional applications.

The devices are vibration-proof, featuringfour or six solderable pads, and are alsocharge- and discharge-proof with no peak-current limitation. The devices are also notablefor their low equivalent series resistance.

Devices in nominal case sizes from 8mm x8mm x 10mm to 18mm x 18mm x 21mm areavailable in voltage ratings from 16V to 100Vand a capacitance range from 10µF to4,700µF.

VISHAY

APPLICATIONS• Automotive systems• Industrial and professional applications• Standard and switched-mode power

supplies• Pulse energy-storage circuits• General smoothing, filtering, and buffering

FEATURES• Vibration-proof 4- and 6-pin versions

available• AEC-Q200 qualified• High-temperature reflow soldering

according to JEDEC J-STD-020• High reliability and high ripple current

capability


Aavid Thermalloy has introduced to the European market three ranges of DC axialfans intended for use in a broad range of applications.

Aavid’s fans are TÜV, UL and CE certified.While many of the PA, PS and PE series of

fans are available from stock as standardparts, Aavid accepts custom orders for fanswith non-standard wire lengths, and with thecustomer’s choice of connector. Extra featuresthat may also be added on request include: • Re-start protection• Pulse sensor signal• Rotation detector signal• PMW signal• IP protection up to IP55

AAVID THERMALLOY

APPLICATIONS• Industrial equipment• Consumer devices • Telecoms and networking equipment • Embedded computing• PCs and servers

FEATURES• Airflow up to 271.2 cubic feet/minute

(PEA238)• Smallest fan size: 40mm x 40mm x 10mm• Compatible with high-performance heat-

sinks from Aavid




DC axial fans offer lifetimerating of 70,000 hours

The PA, PS and PE series of fans offer an increasing level of performance and functionality, fromthe low-cost PA to the high-performance PE series.

The reliability of the three series of fans has been proved in numerous industrial, PC andconsumer applications. The standard specification of theproducts is 70,000 hours at 45°C. The rated operatingtemperature range is -40°C to 70°Cfor fans using a ball-bearingmechanism.

ST’s VIPer16: page 21PARTNERWORKING

QUICK REFERENCE DATA

Description Value

Nominal case sizes (L x W x H in mm) 8 x 8 x 10 to 18 x 18 x 21Rated capacitance range 10µF to 4,700µFTolerance in capacitance specification ±20%Rated voltage range 16V to 100VOperating temperature range -55°C to 125°CEndurance test at 125°C 1,000h to 5,000hUseful life at 105°C 1,500h to 6,000hShelf life at 0V, 105°C 1,000h


C O M P O N E N T F O C U S P • I • ES E C T I O N

Aluminium capacitorswithstand high ripple currents

150 CRZ: good for smoothing, filtering and bufferingThe 150 CRZ series of aluminiumcapacitors from Vishay provides robustperformance in power-supply designsand high-temperature electronics,withstanding high ripple currents whilefeaturing impedance as low as 35µΩ.

The 150 CRZ devices arepolarised aluminiumelectrolytic capacitors with anon-solid electrolyte thathas self-healing properties.The ripple-current rating isspecified at a frequency of100kHz and a temperatureof 105°C. At these values,some 150 CRZ capacitorsin the largest 18mm x18mm x 21mm case sizecan withstand ripple currentas high as 1,756mA.

The 150 CRZ capacitors are ideal for use inapplications that call for the filtering ofunwanted noise, smoothing of DC voltages orthe buffering of electrical energy, or in whichsuper-imposed AC ripple must be decoupledfrom the supply rail.

Some members of the 150 CRZ productseries are rated for an extended useful life of10,000 hours at up to 105°C. The devices arecharge- and discharge-proof and there is nopeak current limitation.

Filters suppress EMI and RF interference across a widerange of power levels

TE Connectivity supplies more than 70series of EMI and RF interferencefilters under the Corcom brand name,which are suitable for a wide range ofapplications across multiple industries.

More than 30 of these series of products areintended for single-phase applications. Thesefilters come in chassis- and board-mountable designs, and feature a variety ofinput/output terminations for applicationsfrom 1A to 60A. These products include:• The EMC series of dual-stage filters for

attenuating RF interference in powerlines. They feature a current rating up to30A, and offer high differential-modeattenuation in the lower frequencyrange.

• The WG series for use in white goods,featuring a low-cost tubular design. TheWGA, WGB and WGC versions supportcompliance with leakage currentrequirements for fixed appliances thatare not easily moved from one place toanother; the WGD, WGE and WGF

versions are for appliances that may bemoved easily.

TE also supplies Corcom filters for three-phaseand high-current applications. Available inthree- and four-wire configurations, these filtersuse heavy-duty components that withstandcurrents up to 900A. Featured productsinclude:• The very light BCF series in a compact

book-form housing. It offers a superiorprice-to-performance ratio for applicationsfrom 7A to 180A.

• The AYO series of compact, low-currentfilters offers wide-band RFI suppression.With a space-saving design, these filters areideal for applications from 3A to 20A.The Corcom range also includes IEC inlet and

power entry modules, which combine powersockets integrated with EMI filters enclosed inRFI jackets. Its power entry modulesincorporate power sockets, filtering, fuses,switching and voltage selection in a single unit.

Corcom filters: variety of socket and package styles

VISHAY

TE CONNECTIVITY

APPLICATIONS• Automotive systems• Industrial equipment• Switch-mode power supplies• Renewable-energy generation• General smoothing, filtering and buffering

FEATURES• Vibration-proof 4- and 6-pin versions• AEC-Q200 qualified• High-temperature reflow soldering

according to JEDEC J-STD-020• Parts offering extended useful life to

10,000 h at 105°C


APPLICATIONS• Power line filtering • EMI suppression

FEATURES• Comprehensive safety agency approvals• Available in a variety of industry-standard

input/output configurations• Performance characteristics to meet

almost any customer requirement




QUICK REFERENCE DATA

Description Value

Nominal case sizes (L x W x H in mm) 8 x 8 x 10 to 18 x 18 x 21

Rated capacitance range 4.7µF to 10,000µF

Tolerance in capacitance specification ±20%

Rated voltage range 6.3V to 100V

Operating temperature range:6.3V to 63V80V to 100V

-55°C to 105°C-40°C to 105°C

Endurance test at 105°C 2,000h to 8,000h

Useful life at 105°C 2,500h to 10,000h

Shelf life at 0V, 105°C 1,000h


Waterproof circular connector ideal for usein railway applications

Hirose has introduced the HR43, a rangeof waterproof circular connectors offeringhigh reliability when used in railwayrolling stock and other applicationsexposed to harsh environments.

The cable-mounted plug and panel-mountedjack provide for in-line connection. Eachcontact is rated for a maximum current of 20A.

The connectors are constructed oflightweight aluminium alloy, which is robustenough to withstand the severity of vibrationand shock experienced in locomotives andother railway rolling stock. The HR43 seriescomplies with the IEC 61373:2010, Class 2

standard for railwayapplications governing‘Rolling stockequipment – shockand vibration tests’.

The user-friendlybayonet lock ensuresa secure connection.The simple assemblyprocedure allows theunique waterproofgasket to be sealedand the cable clampedsimultaneously by thetightening ring, withoutany need for additionaltooling.

The unique waterproof gasket surrounds eachwire to seal it and to provide IP67 waterproofprotection in the mated condition.

The HR43 is optimised for easy fieldassembly, which can be accomplished with astandard hand-tool to terminate the crimpcontacts. A contact removal tool is available toquickly remove the contact from the housing.

2.5mm wire-to-board connector provides for reliable assembly indensely populated boards

TE Connectivity’s single- and dual-rowEconomy Power (EP) 2.5 is a wire-to-board crimp connector which includeshousings, contacts and headers with a2.5mm pitch, offering a compactconnection system.

The connector is tested for secondary power-circuit applications, with contacts rated for250V AC at 3A. It offers the option ofcombining power and signals in a singleconnector. The connector may be mated withsimilar products for simple retrofitting.

The EP 2.5 connector is available in a rangefrom 2 to 20 positions, and can be used toterminate as many as 20 discrete wires, in 22AWG to 26 AWG sizes, in a single section of aPCB. Space is often at a premium in modernelectronics designs, and the EP 2.5 connectorgreatly simplifies the connection of powercircuits in densely packed circuit boards.

Establishing a correct and reliableinterconnection during assembly is easy as theconnector includes asymmetrically-shaped, lowinsertion-force terminals that can be insertedinto the housing in only one orientation.

The headers are shrouded and the housingshave polarisation tabs to prevent postmisalignment and other problems caused byforcibly mating connector halves incorrectly.

Additionally, a positive locking lever on theoutside of the plug housing engages with itscounterpart on the receptacle housing duringmating to establish a mechanical lock, whichproduces an audible click to confirm fullmating of the connector.

TE’s EP 2.5 connector is ideal for home appliances and HVAC equipment

HIROSE

TE CONNECTIVITY

APPLICATIONS• Railway rolling stock• Industrial equipment

FEATURES• Three contact positions• Rated for 250V AC or DC• Bayonet locking mechanism • 100 mating/unmating cycles


APPLICATIONS• Household appliances• Heating, ventilation and air-conditioning

equipment• Industrial machinery

FEATURES• UL recognised• Operating temperature range:

-55°C to 105°C • UL 94V-0-rated plastic housing • Choice of housing colours• Tin-plated phosphor bronze socket

contacts



C O M P O N E N T F O C U S P • I • ES E C T I O N


Hirose HR43: simple assembly procedure provides waterproof seal

P O W E R & P O W E R M A N A G E M E N T


Inverter integrated power module ideal for three-phase motor drives

The STK5Q4U362J-E from ONSemiconductor is a 600V IntelligentPower Module (IPM) with an internal bootstrap circuit for high-side gate driving.

Offered in a compact DIP format,this IPM contains all the mainfunctions required for high-voltagethree-phase motor-drive designs.

The IPM offers a highly effectivesingle-control power supply,benefitting from an internalbootstrap circuit for the high-sidepre-driver circuit. All of the IPM’scontrol inputs and status outputsare at a low voltage level, fordirect connection to widely usedmicrocontrollers.

Under-voltage protection and atrip input for shut-down areincluded in the IPM. The peakoutput current is 20A for theSTK5Q4U362J-E.

The device includes an externally accessiblethermistor which may be used for substratetemperature measurement.

The STK5Q4U362J-E is housed in 18.2mmx 29.6mm DIP which offers excellent thermalcharacteristics.

ON Semiconductor: DIP offers excellent thermal characteristics

ON SEMICONDUCTOR

APPLICATIONS• Industrial and consumer motor-control

systems for:• Compressors• Fans and blowers• Conveyors• Pumps• Heating, ventilation and air-conditioning

equipment• White goods

FEATURES• Over-current protection circuit • Under-voltage lock-out on all channels • Built-in cross-conduction prevention • Direct input of CMOS-level control signals • 2kVRMS withstand voltage



Application SpotlightPower-system designers are constantly striving for greaterefficiency, higher power density, lower cost, or for a morestreamlined design. Sometimes they want to gain more thanone of these benefits at the same time.

This Application Spotlight will helpdesigners to achieve these goals, since itincludes some devices with innovativedesign features, and others using innovativesemiconductor technology. Two importanttrends in power applications – the use ofmicrocontrollers for digital control, and theintroduction of enhanced materials – arewell represented here.

An example of the increasing use of digitalcontrol techniques is Microchip’s ‘digitallyenhanced’ power analogue controller, aconventional DC-DC controller with a normalfeedback loop, but also containing a PIC®

microcontroller core. This core can be usedto make a variety of adjustments to thedevice’s configuration and operationalsettings, giving the flexibility that is normallymissing from standard analogue devices.

Another example is ROHM Semiconductor’s optocoupler-lessisolated flyback converter. Flyback designs that today use anoptocoupler or an extra transformer winding to achieve the

required level of isolation can benefit from the elimination of anentire component when they use the ROHM BD7F100HFN-LB.

Elsewhere, innovations in the materials used in powercomponents, and in the methods used tomake circuits with them, continue to providevaluable performance improvements for thepower-system designer. Wide bandgapsemiconductor materials such as SiliconCarbide (SiC) and Gallium Nitride (GaN) offerbetter efficiency than silicon in power-switching applications. This ApplicationSpotlight includes two SiC devices fromSTMicroelectronics, a MOSFET and aSchottky diode, both of which demonstratethe remarkable thermal and electricalproperties of this valuable material.

In the world of conventional silicon,Diodes Inc., has also made advances byusing its Trench SBR® technology in barrierrectifiers, delivering a combination of lowforward voltage, low leakage current andgood thermal performance.

For all these and much more, including a wide selection ofpower components, modules and complete AC-DC powersupplies, read on and enjoy in this Application Spotlight thebest that the power devices industry has to offer.



650V IGBT helps improve converter efficiency and reliabilty

STGW60H65DFB: very tight parameter distribution

The new STGW60H65DFB device fromSTMicroelectronics is a trench-gatefield-stop IGBT with a 650V breakdown-voltage rating.

The device is part of the new ‘HB’ series ofIGBTs, which offer an ideal compromisebetween conduction and switching losses,helping the designer to maximise the efficiencyof converters operating at any commonly usedswitching frequencies up to 50kHz.

The STGW60H65DFB has been developedusing a proprietary trench-gate and field-stopstructure. This ST fabrication-processtechnology produces a slightly positivesaturation-voltage temperature coefficient, anda very tight parameter distribution. Bothattributes provide for safer paralleling operation.

The device’s anti-parallel diode is fast andfeatures a soft recovery.

The STGW60H65DFB is housed in a TO-247package. An alternative version, theSTGWT60H65DFB, has a TO-3P housing.

STMICROELECTRONICS

APPLICATIONS• Photovoltaic inverters• High-frequency converters

FEATURES• 60A continuous current at 100°C case

temperature• 175°C maximum junction temperature• Low tail current• 1.6V saturation voltage at 60A collector

current• Low thermal resistance


60V/2A half-bridge drivers suit modern DCmotor-system designs

Intersil’s new HIP2103 and HIP2104bridge drivers are ideal for use in thecontrol systems of brushed orbrushless DC motors, as well assimilar loads.

The devices allow for the independent controlof the high-side driver and the low-side driverthrough two separate inputs, HI and LI.Furthermore, the two inputs can be configuredto enable or disable the device, thus loweringthe number of connections to amicrocontroller. Thissimplifies board layoutsand reduces system costs.

A fail-safe mechanism isincluded to improvesystem reliability and tominimise the risk ofcatastrophic bridge failuresdue to a controllermalfunction. Internal logicprevents both outputs fromturning on simultaneouslywhen HI and LI are bothHigh simultaneously. Dead-time is still required on therising edge of the HI (or LI)input when the LI (or HI)input goes to Low.

Integrated pull-down resistors on all of theinputs reduce the need for external resistors.An active low-resistance pull-down on the low-side output ensures that the low-side bridgeFET remains off when in Sleep mode or whenthe supply voltage is below the under-voltagelock-out threshold.

The HIP2104 includes a 12V linear regulatorand a 3.3V linear regulator with separateEnable pins. This gives designers greatflexibility, such as the ability to turn off bothoutputs, reducing total battery drain current toless than 5µA.

The HIP2103 is available in a 3mm x 3mm,eight-lead TDFN package. The HIP2104 isavailable in a 4mm x 4mm, 12-lead DFNpackage.

INTERSIL

APPLICATIONS• Battery-operated power tools• Battery-powered home automation

equipment• Electric bikes

FEATURES• 60V maximum bootstrap supply voltage• 4V under-voltage lock-out• 3.3V or 5V CMOS-compatible inputs with

hysteresis• Integrated bootstrap FET replaces

traditional bootstrap diode




DC Motor ControlThe HIP2103-4DEMO1Z is a general-purpose motordrive with a microprocessor controller. Three motor-drivetopologies are supported: three-phase for BLDC motors,and full- and half-bridge for conventional brushed DCmotors. Intersil also offers another evaluation board, theHIP2103_4MBEVAL1Z.Orderable Part Numbers: HIP2103-4DEMO1Z and HIP2103_4MBEVAL1Z

FREEBOARDS




SiC MOSFET provides for high efficiency andhigh power density

SiC MOSFETs: HiP247 package provides superior thermalperformance

The SCT30N120 from STMicroelectronicsis a Silicon Carbide (SiC) power MOSFETwhich tolerates operation at extremelyhigh temperatures.

The SCT30N120 is a 45A, 1,200V devicefeaturing typical on-resistance of just 80mΩ.Exploiting the outstanding thermal properties ofthe SiC material, the SCT30N120 is rated foroperation at a junction temperature up to200°C. In addition, the MOSFET’s on-resistancevaries very little over temperature.

The SCT30N120 is housed in a proprietaryHiP247™ package which combines an industry-standard outline with better thermalperformance than standard packages.

It also supports fast switching operation withlow losses, featuring a reverse-recovery time ofjust 140ns, with di/dt of 100A/µs, and areverse-recovery charge of 140nC.

These features make the device perfectlysuited to use in switching power-converterdesigns that require high efficiency and highpower density.

Miniature DC-DC power modules offer efficientalternative to linear regulators

Micrel Inc., has introduced a family oflow-profile step-down power modulescapable of supporting a 100% dutycycle and operating with an inputvoltage range from 2.7V to 5.5V.

Rated at 1A and 2A, respectively, the compactMIC33163/4 and MIC33263/4 modulesintegrate a synchronous buck converter with aninductor into a QFN package with a footprintof 2.5mm x 3mm and a height of 1.1mm forthe 1A devices, and 1.9mm for the 2A variants.

Incorporating Micrel’s proprietary FleaFET™

technology and its HyperLight Load® controlarchitecture, these devices can operate at aswitching frequency of up to 4MHz withexcellent light- and full-load efficiency up to88% when supplying a 10mA load, and higherthan 93% peak efficiency.

This architecture provides a very fast load-transient response while requiring very littleoutput capacitance: a typical system designincorporating an MIC33x6x module uses few,tiny external components, and the total boardfootprint is just 4.6mm x 7mm.

At the same time, the MIC3316x andMIC3326x modules produce extremely lowlevels of output voltage ripple, making them

ideal for highly noise-sensitive applications,such as camera modules and mobilecommunications modules, that also requirebetter power efficiency than offered by an LDO.

The new modules also meet the exactingEN55022 class B EMI standard, which relievesthe system designer of concerns overemissions when implementing a switchingpower supply.

In addition to offering high efficiency and asmall form factor, these modules are fullyprotected against over-current, over-voltageand thermal faults. Additional features includeadjustable soft-start for controlling in-rushcurrent, and a Power Good output.

The MIC33163 and MIC33164 are specifiedfor a junction temperature range from -40°C to125°C, while the MIC33263 and MIC33264are rated for -40°C to 85°C.

Micrel power modules: very low voltage ripple

STMICROELECTRONICS

MICREL

APPLICATIONS• Solar inverters• Uninterruptible power supplies • Motor drives• High-voltage DC-DC converters• Switch-mode power supplies

FEATURES• Slight variation in switching losses over

temperature• Very fast and robust intrinsic body diode• Low capacitance• Easy to drive• 0.65°C/W junction-to-case thermal

resistance


APPLICATIONS• Wireless communications modules• Solid-state drives• Wearable devices• Camera modules

FEATURES• Integrated MOSFETs and inductor• 4MHz PWM operation in continuous mode• Advanced copper lead-frame design

provides superior thermal performance• Adjustable output voltage range: 0.7V to 5V• Auto discharge of 180Ω (MIC33164 and

MIC33264)• 0.1µA shutdown current• 33µA quiescent current




Synchronous Buck RegulationThese boards allow designers to evaluate a fullyintegrated synchronous buck regulator which featuresbuilt-in MOSFETs and an inductor in a compact package.Orderable Part Numbers: MIC33263YGK EV,MIC33264YGK EV, MIC33163YGJ EV, MIC33164YGJ EV

FREEBOARDS

Apply now at my-boardclub.comFast-track board request code: FTM51ASolid-state Drive



Compact SIP AC-DC power supply now availablein low-profile versions

CUI INC

APPLICATIONS• Automation equipment• Industrial systems• Security systems• Telecoms equipment

FEATURES• Universal input-voltage range• Low-profile right-angle SIP package• Low no-load power consumption




CUI Inc., has extended its PBK-B seriesof compact Single Inline Pin (SIP) AC-DC power supplies to include right-angle versions. The low-profile PBK-Bfamily is available in 1W, 3Wand 5W configurations.

The smallestversion, the 1WPBK-1-B powermodule, measuresjust 35mm x25mm x 13mm.The modules’small size makes themideally suited to on-boardAC-DC power conversion indesigns in which board space is limited.

The high-density PBK-B series is offered insingle output voltages of 3.3V, 5V, 9V, 12V,

15V and 24V, and can operate from AC inputvoltages ranging between 85V and 264V. For high-voltage DC-DC applications, themodules also provide a DC input rangespanning 100V to 400V.

All models are designed for 3,000V AC/1minute input-to-output isolation and have over-

current and continuous short-circuitprotection. The modules can

function across a wideoperating temperature

range from -40°C to85°C for the 1W

PBK-1-B and 3WPBK-3-B

modules, and -25°C to 85°C

for the 5W PBK-5-B. The low profile PBK-B

series meets the requirementsof internationally recognised UL

60950-1/EN 60950-1 standards andcomplies with EN55022 Class B limits forconducted and radiated electro-magneticemissions, with few additional external

components required.



Digitally-enhanced power analogue controllers combineflexibility and simplicity

MCP1911x: integrated PIC® MCU core

Microchip announces its latest DigitallyEnhanced Power Analogue (DEPA)controllers: the MCP19118 andMCP19119. They provide simple,effective analogue PWM control for DC-DC synchronous buck converters up to40V, while also offering the configurabilityof a digital microcontroller.

The MCP19118 and MCP19119 are also theindustry’s first devices to combine 40V operationand PMBus™ communication interfaces.

These features enable designers to quicklydevelop power-conversion circuits with ananalogue control loop which is programmablein the firmware of the integrated 8-bit PIC® MCU.

Important system settings, such as switchingfrequency, current limits and voltage set points,can be adjusted on-the-fly by issuing writecommands to the registers in the device. Thismeans that a single hardware design can bere-used in multiple end-products, using firmwareupdates to change the configuration. Thisminimises the design, production and inventoryrequirements across multiple product platforms.Additionally, the integrated PIC® MCU core canbe used to monitor other parts of theapplication to:• sequence start-up operations• intelligently manage faults, under-voltage or

brown-out conditions

• perform housekeeping functions• adjust power outputs in response to load

requirements, such as battery charging orUSB port power

• assist the module’s external interfaces bymonitoring or delivering signals to the user orsystemFeaturing integrated linear regulators, PWM

generators, ADCs, MOSFET drivers, analogueerror amplifiers and control-loop compensation,the MCP19118/9 devices provide a compactcircuit solution. Properly implemented, a systembased on the MCP19118 or MCP19119 iscapable of high conversion efficiency andexcellent transient response, resulting in reducedsystem power losses, the use of smaller heat-sinks and longer battery life in portableapplications.

Programming tools available for theMCP19118/9 include the MCP19111 DesignAnalyzer and Graphical User Interface Plug-infor the MPLAB® X integrated developmentenvironment.

180A MOSFETs based on advanced fabrication technologyachieve low on-resistance

STMicroelectronics’ STH310N10F7-2 and STH310N10F7-6 N-channel, 100V powerMOSFETs are housed in two-pin H2PAK-2 and six-pin H2PAK-6 packages, respectively.

ST 100V MOSFETs: capable of producing a 180A output

MICROCHIP

STMICROELECTRONICS

APPLICATIONS• Battery charging circuits• LED drivers• USB power delivery• Point-of-load power supplies• Automotive power supplies

FEATURES• Switching frequency range:

100kHz to 1.6MHz• Input voltage range: 4.5 to 40V• Output voltage range: 0.5 to 3.6V• 5mA quiescent current• 10-bit ADC


APPLICATIONS• DC-DC conversion• Motor control • Synchronous rectification


-55°C to 175°C • 100% avalanche tested• 0.48°C/W junction-to-case thermal

resistance




Analogue PWM Control for DC-DCSynchronous Buck ConvertersThe MCP1911x evaluation board demonstrates how theMCP1911x device operates in a synchronous bucktopology over a wide input voltage and load range. Nearlyall the operational and control system parameters areprogrammable by utilising the integrated PIC® MCU core.Orderable Part Number: ADM00397

FREEBOARDS


These devices use ST’s seventh-generationproprietary STripFET™ technology, with a new gatestructure. Thanks to this technology, the MOSFETsare able to offer extremely low on-resistancespecifications, while also reducing internalcapacitance and gate charge for faster and moreefficient switching. The MOSFETs offer a maximum2.3mΩ static drain-source on-resistance at a gate-source voltage of 10V and a drain current of 60A.

The maximum continuous drain current, specified ata case temperature of 25°C, is 180A. The maximumdrain-source breakdown voltage is 100V.

The gate threshold voltage is rated at a maximum4.5V. Total gate charge is typically 180nC, a valuespecified at a gate-source voltage of 10V and themaximum 180A drain current.



New LDO provides memory termination for latest DDR3and DDR4 memories

SC2597: output accurate to ±1%

The new SC2597 from Semtech is ahighly accurate VTT LDO providingmemory termination for low-powerDDR3 and DDR4 memories inaccordance with the latest JEDECspecification. It also supports the earlierDDR and DDR2 memory types.

The SC2597 provides a regulated outputcapable of sinking or sourcing up to ±3A, up to±40mA for the buffered reference voltage. Thedevice’s output is accurate to ±1% over theentire operating temperature range, taking intoaccount the internal resistor divider.

Protection features built into the SC2597include thermal shut-down with auto-restart forthe primary output, and an over-current limit forboth this and the reference voltage output.

Under-voltage lock-out circuits are includedto ensure that the output is off when the biasvoltage falls below its threshold, and that thepart behaves elegantly when powering up ordown.

Designs using the SC2597 have a low bill-of-materials cost, since it includes an integratedresistor divider, and its accurate regulationmeans that the output voltage can bemaintained with lower output capacitance thancompeting parts.

The SC2597 is pin-to-pin compatible withthe SC2596.

SEMTECH

APPLICATIONS• Computing equipment• Routers• Switches• Basestations• Consumer devices• Security equipment• Instrumentation• Automotive

FEATURES• Input voltage range: 1V to 3.6V• Logic-level Enable• Compatible with ceramic capacitors and

high-ESR capacitors


Optocoupler-less isolated flyback convertergives reduced component count

ROHM Semiconductor has announcedthe release of an optocoupler-lessisolated flyback converter, theBD7F100HFN-LB.

ROHM SEMICONDUCTOR

APPLICATIONS• Isolated power supplies in industrial

equipment

FEATURES• Supply voltage range: 3-40V• 1.25A current limit at integrated MOSFET • Reference voltage accurate to ±1.5%• 2mA operating current• Operating junction temperature range:

-40°C to 125°C• Soft-start function• Output load-compensation function




In the feedback circuit of a conventionalflyback converter, an optocoupler or a thirdwinding from a transformer is required toprovide isolation, but the BD7F100HFN-LBcan generate a stable output voltage isolatedby the transformer without an optocoupler oradditional winding.

This enables power-system designers todrastically reduce the number of parts required

to produce a small, reliable andisolated power supply.

The BD7F100HFN-LB implements a highlyefficient control scheme, called adapted-typeon-time control. The built-in N-channelMOSFET feeds back information relating to theoutput voltage on the secondary side, which isisolated by the transformer, by sensing thevoltage on the primary side during Off time. Itcompares this with the reference voltage insidethe IC through the comparator.

The control loop then adapts to the load bymodifying the switching frequency: • When the load is stable, the switching

frequency is fixed at 400kHz for PWMoperation with low EMI

• During load-current fluctuations, the on-timecontrol scheme operates, changing theswitching frequency to give a high-speedresponse to changes in load

• When supplying a light load, the switchingfrequency decreases to improve efficiency,and the control mode changes to pulsefrequency modulation

The output voltage can be set by the selectionof two external resistors and the transformerturns ratio.

The BD7F100HFN-LB is housed in anHSON8 package measuring 2.9mm x 3.0mm x 0.6mm.

See page 25 for details of theBD7F100HFN-LB development board

FREEBOARDS




65W AC-DC power supply conforms to globalmedical-equipment standards

The MB65S power supply fits in a 1U chassis

SL Power has designed a power supply,the MB65S, for a new generation ofmedical devices and laboratoryequipment that demands a higher levelof EMC, EMI and AC input performance.

Feature-rich and highly efficient, the MB65Sproduct family consists of eight models; all caneasily fit into a compact 1U chassis andprovide 65W of convection-cooled power at asingle output.

The power supply monitors the input andoutput and the internal temperature, andgenerates alarms when thresholds are crossed.

The MB65S is certified for use in medicalequipment in all regions of the world: it isapproved to AAMI ES/CSA C22.2/EN/ IEC 60601-1, third edition with a two-foldMeans of Patient Protection (MOPP); it is alsoappropriate for type BF isolation applications.The design takes into consideration the pendinginternational release of the new IEC 60601-1-2,4th Edition EMC requirements.

The MB65S also complies with the stringentEMC rules for applications requiring Class Bconducted and Class B radiated EMIperformance. Models carry cUL, CAN/CSA andDEMKO approval markings. In addition, theMB65S is rated for 560,000 hours of calculatedmean time before failure.

The MB65S power supply operates from -20°C to 70°C and starts up at -40°C. Itconsumes less than 0.5W when supplying noload, helping to prolong battery life when in Idleor quiescent mode.

In addition, the models are fully self-protectedagainst short-circuit, over-load and over-temperature conditions.

1,200V SiC diode with low forward voltage helpsimprove system efficiency

STMicroelectronics has released theSTPSC6H12, a 1,200V power SchottkySilicon Carbide (SiC) diode.

This high-performance rectifier is intended foruse in photovoltaic inverters, and inapplications in which switching losses must beclose to zero.

Its combination of a low forward voltage,and the ability to work at high frequency at anytemperature within its operating range, meansthat designers using the STPSC6H12 canachieve higher efficiency than ever before inhigh-power switching circuits.

SiC diodes: low thermal resistance

SL POWER

STMICROELECTRONICS

APPLICATIONS• Pulse oximeters• Remote patient monitoring• Digital blood monitors• Home medical devices• Heart monitors

FEATURES• 2" x 3.5" x 1.3" package• Universal 85-264V AC input• Power-on LED• Typical 90% efficiency • Three-year warranty


APPLICATIONS• Photovoltaic inverters

FEATURES• Operating temperature range:

-40°C to 175°C• High-frequency freewheeling/boost diode• 0.65mA reverse leakage current, junction

temperature: 150°C• 1.9°C/W maximum junction-to-case

thermal resistance




Vishay’s VS Series: page 22SL Powers’ TU425: page 25PARTNERWORKING

Parameter Value

Average forward current 6A

Repetitive peak reverse voltage 1,200V

Forward voltage at 6A, 25°C 1.55V

Total capacitance at 300V reverse voltage 30pF



Flexible, efficient buck regulators supportwide range of input and output voltages

Intersil has introduced three switchingbuck regulators to meet the need forhighly efficient converters with a wideinput-voltage range, suitable for use inmany types of applications.

The ISL8541x parts, which include built-inhigh-side and low-side MOSFETs, efficientlydown-convert the DC voltagefrom a power supply orbattery to power multiplemicroprocessors and boardcomponents.

The ISL85410, ISL85415and ISL85418 offer designersgreat flexibility whendesigning power circuits formultiple end-productvariants. All three devicesoperate over a wide input-voltage range of 3V to 36V.The output range is alsowide, stretching from 0.6V to0.95 x the input voltage. The devices’ maximum

output current ratings are 0.5A (ISL85415),0.8A (ISL85418) and 1.0A (ISL85410).

Since the devices are pin-to-pin compatiblein a 4mm x 3mm package, a single layout canbe used in multiple systems, thus acceleratingtime to market and reducing design cost.

These voltage regulators are also notable fortheir high efficiency and low quiescent current.For instance, efficiency is better than 90%when supplying both full and light loads at 5Vfrom an input voltage of 12V. Quiescent currentis rated at a typical 80µA in all three devices.

Converter supports design of highly efficientpower adapters

The VIPer16 from STMicroelectronicsis an offline power converter that helpssystem designers to meet theefficiency requirements of energy-saving regulations.

Supporting burst-mode operation for efficientpower conversion, it features very low powerconsumption: stand-by power is lessthan 30mW on a 230V AC input.

The highly integrated VIPer16 includesa PWM controller and a comprehensiveset of circuit-protection and fault-recoveryfunctions. It is able to power itself directlyfrom the rectified mains, eliminating theneed for an auxiliary bias winding.

The power section is implementedwith an N-channel power MOSFETwhich has a breakdown voltage of 800Vand typical on-resistance of 20Ω. Itincludes a SenseFET structure to providefor almost lossless current sensing andfor thermal sensing.

From a 230V AC supply, the VIPer16 is able toprovide a continuous power output of 9W in anon-ventilated enclosed power adapter,measured at an ambient temperature of 50°C,and 10W in an open frame with heat-sinking,again at 50°C.

The gate driver of the power MOSFET isdesigned to supply a controlled gate currentduring both turn-on and turn-off in order tominimise common-mode EMI. In addition, thedevice’s PWM operation provides for frequencyjittering in order to generate low levels of EMI.

VIPer16: low levels of EMI

INTERSIL

STMICROELECTRONICS

APPLICATIONS• Industrial control • Portable instrumentation • Distributed power supplies • Medical devices • Cloud infrastructure

FEATURES• Fully integrated control and synchronous

regulation• Internal or external compensation• Excellent light-load efficiency• Internal 500kHz fixed frequency or

adjustable switching frequency from300kHz to 2MHz

• Fast transition from PFM to PWM modeallows for excellent transient performance


APPLICATIONS• Replacement for a capacitive power

supply• Auxiliary power supply for appliances• Power metering• LED drivers

FEATURES• Operating frequency:

VIPer16L -60kHzVIPer16H 115kHz

• Limiting current with adjustable set point• On-board soft-start• Safe auto-restart after a fault condition• Hysteretic thermal shut-down




Vishay’s 146 CTI: page 8PARTNERWORKING

Synchronous Buck RegulationThe ISL8541xDEMO1Z demo kits are intended for use inpoint-of-load applications sourcing between 3V and 36V.Orderable Part Numbers: ISL85410DEMO1Z,ISL85418DEMO1Z, ISL85415DEMO1Z

FREEBOARDS




15A and 20A rectifiers with low forward voltageideal for latest high-efficiency chargers

SBRT rectifiers: low reverse leakage current

Diodes Inc., has introduced the firstdevices to benefit from its Trench SuperBarrier Rectifier (SBR®) technology.

The new barrier rectifiers, which are notable fortheir very low forward voltage, low leakagecurrent and cool operating characteristics, willenable the designers of next-generation batterychargers to achieve new stringent targets forefficiency and temperature.

These new Trench SBRs meet therequirements of the charger's output rectifierdiode, easily coping with the short currentpulses found in 36kHz discontinuous-modechargers.

Initially, Diodes has released two devices: • the 15A SBRT15U50SP5, for 10W

smartphone chargers• the 20A SBRT20U50SLP, for 12.5W tablet

chargersSuch chargers are becoming smaller andthinner, and have efficiency and temperaturetargets which cannot be adequately reached

by traditional circuit designs using Schottkydiodes.

The SBRT15 device's forward voltage of0.47V at 15A, and the SBRT20’s forwardvoltage of 0.5V at 20A, are so low thatconduction losses are kept to a minimum,helping to improve charger efficiency.

The devices’ low reverse leakage current athigh temperature also helps to limit losseswhen operating in blocking mode: at 125°Creverse leakage current is 105mA for theSBRT15 and 100mA for the SBRT20.

The SBRT20U50SLP and SBRT15U50SP5 arethe first in a new portfolio of Trench SBRrectifiers to be introduced. The family will spana reverse-voltage range from 10V to 100V, anda current handling capability from 0.2A to 40A.The devices will be available in a variety ofdifferent package options, including Diodes’space-saving PowerDI® 123, PowerDI5 andPowerDI5060.

DIODES INCORPORATED

APPLICATIONS• AC-DC adapters/chargers for small

electronic devices• DC-DC converters

FEATURES• Excellent reverse-leakage stability at high

temperatures• High thermal efficiency • Low-profile package


IGBT power modules offer integrated solution for solarinverters and UPS

Vishay Semiconductor has introduceda new series of IGBT power modules,housed in Emipak packages, which areintended for use in string solarinverters and in medium-powerUninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS).

The highly integrated devices are comprised ofultra-fast Trench IGBTs, efficient HEXFRED®

and FRED Pt® diode technologies, andthermistors, which facilitate easy thermalmanagement. The modules are all available insingle packages featuring PressFit pins and anexposed substrate for low thermal resistance.

These Vishay modules provide a completeIGBT power circuit for inverters that are basedon three-level Neutral Point Clamp (NPC)topologies and interleaved, multiple-channelmaximum power-point tracking boost converters.

VISHAY

APPLICATIONS• String solar inverters • Medium-power UPS

FEATURES• 175°C maximum operating temperature • Highly efficient silicon boost diodes • Integrated 62A bypass diodes • Low internal inductance and switching

losses • Operating frequencies up to 20kHz • UL approved




ST’s STPSC6H12: page 19SL Powers’ TU425: page 25PARTNERWORKING

VS-ENQ030L120S VS-ETF075Y60U VS-ETF150Y65U VS-ETL015Y120H

Breakdown Voltages (V) 1,200/600 600/600 650/650 1,200Collector Current (A) 30 75 150 15Repetitive Peak Reverse Voltage (V) – – – 1,200Forward Current (A) – – – 62Package EMIPAK-1B EMIPAK-2B EMIPAK-2B EMIPAK-2B

Circuit Three-level NPCtopology

Three-level half-bridge inverter stage

Three-level half-bridge inverter stage

Double interleavedboost converter

Vishay IGBT power modules: exposed substrate



Fire and security power supplies and batterychargers offer EN54 rating

Stadium Power: wide choice of current and voltage outputs

Stadium Power has developed a range offire- and security-system power suppliesand battery chargers which meet therequirements of the EN54-4 1998standard, including amendments 1 and 2.

EN54 is a mandatory standard which specifiesrequirements and laboratory tests for everycomponent of a fire-detection and fire-alarmsystem. The standard is recognised in Europe

and elsewhere in the world, including countriesin Latin America, Africa and Asia, and severalislands in the Pacific Ocean.

EN54-rated models in the Stadium Powerrange provide outputs of 1A, 2A, 3A, 5A, 7A or10A at 13.8V DC or 27.6V DC. All units supportbattery-impedance testing, and operate at highefficiency. Typical specifications include: • single output plus battery charger• deep-discharge battery protection• reverse battery protection• operating temperature range of 0°C to 50°CAll models provide for user-defined outputsignals and signal levels.

As well as meeting the requirements of theEN54 standard, the Stadium Power units alsocomply with EN61000-3-2 PFC Class A andEN55022 ‘B’ for conducted noise, and are CEmarked to indicate compliance with theEuropean Commission Low-Voltage Directive.

Stadium Power also provides a completedesign and build service for custom powersupplies.

Field-effect rectifier combineslow leakage current and lowforward voltage drop

The FERD20U50 from STMicroelectronics is a single field-effect rectifier based onproprietary technology, which produces the best-in-class trade-off of forwardvoltage against reverse current for a given silicon surface area.

Housed in a PowerFLAT™ 5x6 package, theFERD20U50 is intended to be used inrectification and freewheeling operations inswitch-mode power supplies.

In terms of static electrical characteristics,the FERD20U50 produces a typical reverseleakage current of 30mA at a junctiontemperature of 125°C. The forward voltagedrop at the same temperature, and whendrawing a forward current of 20A, is just 0.44V.

Average forward current at a case temperatureof 115°C is limited to a maximum of 20A. Themaximum surge current, with 10ms pulses, isspecified at 180A. Repetitive reverse voltagepeaks at 50V.

Thermal performance is also worthy of note:junction-to-case thermal resistance is rated at2.6°C/W, and the device can withstandoperation at a junction temperature of up to150°C.

The FERD20U50 rectifier supports average forward current of 20A

STADIUM POWER

STMICROELECTRONICS

APPLICATIONS• Fire-detection equipment• Fire alarms • Security equipment

FEATURES (SBC-EN54-27V6-1A5)• Battery back-up facility• 27.6V DC output• 1.2A load current• 0.35A current-limited battery charger• 124mm x 122mm x 39.5mm open frame


APPLICATIONS• Switch-mode power supplies

FEATURES• Stable leakage current over reverse

voltage• Supports high-frequency operation





Release of IGBT modules ratedfor up to 1,700V and 450A

Littelfuse has expanded its line of MGseries IGBT modules intended for motor-control and inverter applications,introducing new devices rated for up to1,700V or 450A.

The line of IGBT power modules available fromLittelfuse now includes a broader range ofpackage designs, featuring half-bridge, six-pack and PIM modules in the S, D, H, W andWB package styles.

These modules offer the high efficiency andfast switching speeds provided by today’sadvanced IGBTs. They combine the IGBTs withfreewheeling diodes to offer the designer arobust, ready-made power-transistor circuit.

The Littelfuse IGBT modules are notable fortheir low losses, helping system designers toachieve high efficiency and high switchingspeed. In addition, the high tolerance for short-circuits reduces the need for external circuit-protection components.

Featuring a positive temperature coefficient,the modules can be easily paralleled toincrease their current-handling capability.LITTELFUSE

APPLICATIONS• Industrial drives • Motion-control systems • Solar inverters• Uninterruptible power supplies• Switch-mode power supplies• Welding equipment

FEATURES• Freewheeling diodes feature soft and fast

reverse-recovery characteristics • Short tail current• Saturation voltage features positive

temperature coefficient


STMicroelectronics' STW57N65M5-4, amember of the MDmesh™ M5 family ofpower MOSFETs, is an N-channel 650V devicerated for a maximum draincurrent of 42A.

The STW57N65M5-4 is basedon an innovative verticalfabrication process technology,which is combined with ST’sPowerMESH™ horizontal layoutstructure. The resulting producthas extremely low on-resistance.

This low on-resistance, whichis a maximum of 0.063Ω at10V/21A for the STW57N65M5-4,makes the MDmesh M5MOSFETs especially well suitedto applications that requiresuperior power density andoutstanding efficiency.

STMICROELECTRONICS

APPLICATIONS• High-efficiency switching applications• Servers• Photovoltaic inverters• Telecoms infrastructure• Multi-kW battery chargers

FEATURES• 100% avalanche tested• 4,200pF input capacitance• 98nC total gate charge





Littelfuse MG series IGBT modules: available in various package styles

STW57N65M5-4 MOSFET: suitable for use in solar inverters

The STW57N65M5-4 is housed in a TO247-4package. This package, which includes anextra pin for the driver source, helps provide forexcellent switching performance and reducedoverall power losses.

650V MOSFET boasts verylow on-resistance

Future Electronics’ Board Club: supporting innovative electronics designEurope’s electronics industry thrives on the application of innovation and creativity, and an essentialinnovator’s tool in design projects is the development board. The Board Club website is a Future Electronicsresource for users of development boards. Here, and only here, Board Club members can gain access toexclusive free development boards and development board offers.If you would like to register for membership, please visit: www.my-boardclub.com/register.php

To apply for these free boards go to: www.my-boardclub.com/ftmTerms and conditions apply. Visit www.my-boardclub.com/about_us for details


25

How to quickly develop an optocoupler-less isolated flyback converterROHM Semiconductor has introduced a dedicated evaluation board to support theintroduction of its BD7F100HFN-LB, an integrated flyback converter.

APPLICATIONS• Isolated power supplies in industrial

equipment


-40°C to 125°C• Soft-start function• Output load-compensation function


AC-DC power unit provides clean supply for sensitivemeasurement instruments

Feature-rich and highly efficient, theTU425 product family provides foractive current sharing for redundantapplications. Measuring just 3.3” x 6.2”x 1.62”, each TU425 unit fits easily intoa 1U chassis.

The power supply is capable ofproviding 300W of power withconvection cooling, or 425W withforced-air cooling.

Offering high levels of EMIprotection, the TU425 complies withthe IEC 61000-4 industrial standardsfor EMC immunity and Class BConducted EMI with a 6dB margin. All models are also CE marked and

approved to the ITE standards of IEC/UL/EN60950 and CSA C22.2, 2nd edition.

The TU425 power supply is rated for morethan 350,000 hours mean time before failure,and uses long-life electrolytic capacitors.

The new series features a universal input of90V to 264V AC, and is available with outputsof 12V, 18V, 24V, 48V and 56V. Input andoutput monitoring alarms and an isolated12V/1A fan output and 5V/2A stand-by voltageare standard offerings of the TU425 family.

The TU425 features a wide operatingtemperature range of -10°C to 70°C, and willstart-up at a low -40°C, eliminating the needfor a costly heating element.

SL POWER

APPLICATIONS• Oscilloscopes• Analysers• Test boards• Chromatography equipment• Industrial process-control systems

FEATURES• Inhibit, Power Fail and DC OK signals• 90% typical efficiency• Three-year warranty


The BD7F100HFN-LB evaluation boardprovides a complete application-circuitenvironment to enable the system designer toexperiment with the capabilities of theBD7F100HFN-LB device.



ST’s STPSC6H12: page 19Vishay’s VS Series: page 22PARTNERWORKING

In particular, the BD7F100HFN-LB EvaluationBoard demonstrates how to design an isolatedflyback converter with no optocoupler or thirdwinding from a transformer. The BD7F100HFN-LB can generate a stable output voltageisolated by the transformer without anoptocoupler or additional winding.

This enables power-system designers todrastically reduce the number of parts requiredto produce a small, reliable and isolated powersupply.

The BD7F100HFN-LB evaluation board canbe configured with three different input/outputsettings:• 24V input, 5V output• 24V input, 15V output• 5V input, 5V output

Isolated Flyback Converter DesignOrderable Part Number: BD7F100HFN-LB

FREEBOARDS


SL Power has introduced the TU425series, a 425W, single-output AC-DCpower supply. It addresses the needs oftest and industrial instrumentation thatrequires clean, reliable power in order toachieve high levels of measurementaccuracy and stability.

TU425: average lifetime of 350,000 hours

T E C H N I C A L V I E W

There are many applications for which the designer must knowthe position of a shaft relative to a starting point, or relative toits last known position. This is traditionally accomplished insimple applications such as dials or knobs with a linear taperpotentiometer; in motor-control systems, multiple Hall-effectsensors or optical encoders are more usual.

All these device types translate rotation into an electrical signal whichcan be read, typically by a microcontroller; the position, and often speed,of the shaft may be calculated from the signal. All also share somecharacteristics which are unhelpful to the system design engineer.

First, they tend to be rather complex, both mechanically andelectrically. Further, they are readily impaired by contaminants presentin the user’s environment: an optical encoder, for example, mightperform perfectly in a clean environment but fail when the codewheel iscontaminated by dust and grease. Likewise, potentiometers have alimited useful life because they suffer from wear attributable tomechanical friction.

Fortunately for today's engineer, there is an alternative which isreliable, uses little power, offers resolution equal to or better than thatof the other methods, and can survive most industrial environments:the magnetic rotary encoder.

The main system elementsThere are two basic components of a magnetic encoder system: around magnet, split down its face between North and South poles, andthe encoder itself, which has magnetic Hall sensing elementsembedded in it. The magnet is placed on one end of a rotating shaft,with its axis aligned with the axis of the shaft, as shown in Figure 1. Itis mounted 1-3mm above the Hall sensor, and parallel to it.

The magnetic field lines cut the sensor perpendicularly, and generatea tiny charge differential across the Hall elements when current isflowing in the device. As the shaft turns, the North-South magneticfield lines from the attached magnet vary sinusoidally above the Hallsensor, causing a variation in the voltage at the sensor. These relativevoltage changes are correlated to the magnet's angular displacement.The encoder includes a small computing functional block that convertsthe voltage changes into digital angle measurements.

The output signal from the encoder may be easily read by amicrocontroller: it will be an analogue voltage, a PWM signal, or a digitaloutput. This means that there is no requirement for substantial softwareon the system side to interpret the output from the sensor side.

Because the encoder is a magnetic device, it is completely immuneto the dust and grime that affect the optical encoder. And, as theencoder itself is static, it suffers no mechanical wear. Magneticencoders are, therefore, almost the ideal rotary motion transducers.

Additionally, their measurement technique allows them to compensatefor small variations in the magnet's placement, either off-axis oreccentric to the plane of rotation, and this provides plenty of tolerancefor variations in system assembly. This is especially important whenconsidering wear and the play which may become apparent over time:an encoder system needs good, not perfect, alignment.

A very wide range of encoders, known as magnetic position sensors,is available from ams (www.ams.com). This means that the designer willbe able to find a device from ams that is tailored for the requirements ofalmost any consumer, industrial or automotive application.

In addition, Future Electronics and ams provide extensive help inchoosing a magnet of the proper size and field strength for the chosensensor, and in setting the best distance between magnet and sensor.

The range of magnetic encoder types from amsThere are some differences between the various encoders from ams,such as resolution and communication interfaces. The AS5048 has 14-bit resolution, meaning it can resolve to as little as 0.02°. Otherdevices offer 8-, 10-, or 12-bit resolution. Depending on the versionordered, designated by an A or B extension, it has either an I2C or SPIinterface. Both versions of the AS5048 have a PWM output as well.

In addition, ams rotary encoders are specified as either absolute orincremental types. This means that:

• either they have an internalzero-point reference on whichto base their output

• or the output is always relativeto the last position, effectivelymeaning they have nomemory of the home position.

Different applications will requireone or the other type. TheAS5048 is an absolute type ofrotary encoder.

Lastly, this device is specifiedas being ‘on-axis’, meaning it isoptimised for systems in whichthe magnet's axis passesthrough the chip package'scentre. ams offers other devicesoptimised for off-axisplacement, for thoseapplications in which on-axisplacement is mechanicallydifficult or impossible.

Fig. 1: the encoder is static, and its paired magnetaffixed to the end of a shaft rotates perpendicularly to it

The magnetic encoder: rotary measurements

EMAIL [email protected] FOR SAMPLES AND DATASHEETS26

READ THIS ARTICLE TO FIND OUT ABOUT• The basic operation of a magnetic rotary encoder• The reason that a magnetic encoder is robust and immune to

contaminants• How to use a demonstration kit from ams to become familiar with

magnetic encoders

By Vince OwensField Applications Engineer for Future Electronics AdvancedEngineering Group

T E C H N I C A L V I E W


a robust device for

Using a demonstration boardThe AS5048-DB demo board from ams serves as a useful developmentplatform for users of the AS5048 rotary position sensor, as shown inFigure 2. It provides all the interface connections needed to connect thedevice to an external MCU. The board, which is equipped with a backlitLCD, also operates in standalone mode.

On power-up, the LCD reports the parameters being read out of theAS5048. This information may also be viewed on a PC screen via theUSB port on the board, and a GUI supplied with the board. The chipprovides for either an SPI or I2C connection.

There is an embedded magnet on the end of the centre knob’s shaft,resting just above the encoder. Rotating the magnet in either directionvaries the magnetic field sinusoidally. The sensor then makes the dataavailable in its registers, which can be accessed over the serial interface.

This version of the sensor can output both the absolute angle indegrees from its zero point, as well as the raw count from its ADCshown by the large font number in the upper right, in a range from 0 to16,384, as shown in Figure 3 . It is nearly impossible, in fact, to turn theknob in single increments, so sensitive is the device to the tiniestrotation. As the knob turns counterclockwise, the degrees advancethrough the full circle, until it passes through the zero point and thecount rolls over.

It is also possible to see the method for compensating for fieldstrength. By lifting the knob away from its settled position, the magnet ismoved further from the chip. The two numbers shown at the bottom ofthe display, labelled ‘AGC’ and ‘MAG’, demonstrate how the AS5048handles this change.

Increasing the distance between the sensor and the magnet weakensthe field coupled to the device, but the AS5048 compensates for this.The MAG number in the picture, for magnitude, is an output from anautomatic gain section, which boosts the signal. This means that it staysmore or less constant, even though the field strength varies.

Fig. 2: the AS5048-DB demonstration board

Fig. 3: the AGC figure shows how the AS5048 is compensating for a weak magnetic field


The Automatic Gain Compensation (AGC) number, however, increasesas the magnet moves further from the chip and decreases as it movescloser; this is simply confirmation that the gain is being adjusted tocompensate for changes in the field. As the magnet moves further away,this gain will increase until it reaches the point at which the field strengthis too weak to be usable. This distance is several millimeters, though,providing considerable flexibility in design, as well as tolerance formanufacturing variations and variations between one magnet and another.

The demo board also enables the user to experiment with theAS5048’s rejection of spurious magnetic fields. A relatively weak magnet,such as a refrigerator magnet, may be used to simulate a stray field.Passing it close to the AS5048’s paired magnet while it is positionedcorrectly over the sensor, the user will see little change to the reportedoutput. This is because the chip’s processing algorithm rejects the strayfield, using differential sensing technology unique to ams. This ability isespecially important in industrial environments in which motors, dimmersand other electrically noisy devices contribute to a background rich in EMI.

Classical physics, modern devicesWhile no single product can provide a solution to every problem, it isclear from this article that a magnetic rotary encoder can simplify manyapplications, while reducing the cost of others. Some might not bepossible at all without the use of a magnetic encoder. While based onprinciples of classical physics more than a century old, today’s encodersare highly sophisticated and modern devices, complete with high-qualityanalogue front-ends for signal conditioning and high-resolution ADCs.

ams has a wealth of parts from which to choose, backed by usefuldevelopment tools, and technical support for the selection and mountingof the magnet. More information may be found atwww.ams.com/eng/Products/Position-Sensors.

Rotary Position SensingA development platform for users of the AS5048 rotaryposition sensor which provides all the interfaceconnections needed to connect the device to an externalMCU. The board, which is equipped with a backlit LCD,also operates in standalone mode.Orderable Part Number: AS5048-DB

FREEBOARDS


power and power managementmy-boardclub.com/site_docs/ftm/ftm_1501.pdfand cypress’s proven capsense...

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