Power ElectronicsPower ElectronicsLecture 1Lecture 1

Prof. Mohammed Zeki KhedherProf. Mohammed Zeki Khedher

Department ofDepartment of Electrical EngineeringElectrical Engineering

University of JordanUniversity of Jordan

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References for further References for further informationinformation

Textbook: Textbook: “ Power Electronics: Circuits, Devices and Applications”“ Power Electronics: Circuits, Devices and Applications”

By M. Rashid, Prentice-Hall.By M. Rashid, Prentice-Hall.

References:References:

1.1. Power Electronics: Converters, Applications and Design By N. Power Electronics: Converters, Applications and Design By N. Mohan, T. Mohan, T. Undeland, and W. Robins, John-Wiley. Undeland, and W. Robins, John-Wiley.

2.2. Elements of Power Electronics By P. Krein, Oxford University Elements of Power Electronics By P. Krein, Oxford University Press.Press.

3.3. Power Electronics By C. W. Lander, McGraw-Hill.Power Electronics By C. W. Lander, McGraw-Hill.

4.4. rinciple of Power Electronics By J. Kassakian, M. Schlecht rinciple of Power Electronics By J. Kassakian, M. Schlecht and G. Verghses, Addison Wesley.and G. Verghses, Addison Wesley.

5.5. Power Electronics: Principles and Applications By J. Power Electronics: Principles and Applications By J. Vithayathil, McGraw-Hill.Vithayathil, McGraw-Hill.

6.6. Power Semiconductor Circuits By Dewan and Straughen, Power Semiconductor Circuits By Dewan and Straughen, John-Wiley.John-Wiley. 2

The interdisciplinary natureThe interdisciplinary nature

Power Electronics

学

Electronics

Power

学

Control

Continuous,

discrete

连续、离

散

Static & rotating

power equipment

Devices,circuits

Relation with multiple disciplinesRelation with multiple disciplines

Power electronics is currently the most active discipline in electric Power electronics is currently the most active discipline in electric power engineering.power engineering.

Power electronics

electronics electr

Electric machines

Circuit Ct theory

Systems& Control theory

Control

theory

Signal processing

Simulation & computing

electronics

Solid state

physics

Electromagnetics

Power systems

History of Power ElectronicsHistory of Power Electronics

Mercury arc rectifier (year 1900).Mercury arc rectifier (year 1900).Metal tank rectifier.Metal tank rectifier.Grid controlled vacuum tube rectifier.Grid controlled vacuum tube rectifier.Ignitron, Phanatron, ThyratronIgnitron, Phanatron, ThyratronSCR (Silicon Controlled Rectifier)SCR (Silicon Controlled Rectifier)

- The 1- The 1stst Thyristor developed by Bell labs in Thyristor developed by Bell labs in 1956.1956.

11stst Commercial grade SCR developed by Commercial grade SCR developed by “ “ General Electric Co. “ in 1958.General Electric Co. “ in 1958.

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2. 2. The history The history

The thread of the power electronics history is the break- through and evolution of power electronic devices.

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Mercury arc rectifier

Semiconductor rectifier

1. HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT1. HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT

Thyristor (SCR), GTO, Triac

Thyratron

1. HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT1. HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT

Power MOSFET, IGBT

Vacuum tube

1. HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT1. HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT

Industrial applicationsIndustrial applications

Motor drivesMotor drives ElectrolysisElectrolysis ElectroplatingElectroplating Induction heatingInduction heating WeldingWelding Arc furnaces and ovensArc furnaces and ovens Lighting Lighting

Transportation applicationsTransportation applications

Trains & locomotivesTrains & locomotives SubwaysSubways Trolley busesTrolley buses Magnetic levitationMagnetic levitation Electric vehiclesElectric vehicles Automotive electronicsAutomotive electronics Ship power systemsShip power systems Aircraft power systemsAircraft power systems

UtilityUtility systems applicationssystems applications

High- voltage dc transmission (HVDC)High- voltage dc transmission (HVDC)Flexible ac transmission (FACTS)Flexible ac transmission (FACTS)Static VAR compensation & harmonicsStatic VAR compensation & harmonicsCustom power & power quality controlCustom power & power quality controlSupplemental energy sources :Supplemental energy sources :wind, photovoltaic, fuel cellswind, photovoltaic, fuel cellsEnergy storage systems.Energy storage systems.

Fuel cells.Fuel cells.

Energy storage systemsEnergy storage systems

Boiler feed water systems.Boiler feed water systems.

Power supplies for electronic Power supplies for electronic equipmentequipment

TelecommunicationsTelecommunications

ComputersComputers

Office equipmentOffice equipment

Electronic instrumentsElectronic instruments

Portable or mobile electronicsPortable or mobile electronics

Residential and home Residential and home appliancesappliances

LightingLighting HeatingHeating Air conditioningAir conditioning Refrigeration & freezersRefrigeration & freezers CookingCooking CleaningCleaning EntertainingEntertaining

Applications in space Applications in space technologytechnology

Spaceship power systemsSpaceship power systems

Satellite power systemsSatellite power systems

Space vehicle power systemsSpace vehicle power systems

Other applicationsOther applications

Nuclear reactor controlNuclear reactor control

Power systems for particle acceleratorsPower systems for particle accelerators

Environmental engineeringEnvironmental engineering

AdvantagesAdvantages

Easy and flexibility in operation due to Easy and flexibility in operation due to digital controls.digital controls.

Faster dynamic response compared to the Faster dynamic response compared to the electro mechanical converters.electro mechanical converters.

Lower acoustic noise when compared to Lower acoustic noise when compared to electro magnetic controllers, relays and electro magnetic controllers, relays and contactors.contactors.

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High efficiency due to low losses in the High efficiency due to low losses in the Thyristors.Thyristors.

Long life and reduced/minimal Long life and reduced/minimal maintenance due to the absence of maintenance due to the absence of mechanical wear.mechanical wear.

Control equipments using Thyristors are Control equipments using Thyristors are compact in size.compact in size.

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DisadvantagesDisadvantages

Generate unwanted harmonics.Generate unwanted harmonics.

Harmonics are injected into power supply Harmonics are injected into power supply lines affecting the performance of other lines affecting the performance of other loads and equipments.loads and equipments.

Unwanted interference with Unwanted interference with communication circuits due to communication circuits due to electromagnetic radiation.electromagnetic radiation.

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Special protection circuits must be used to Special protection circuits must be used to protect the thyristor devices.protect the thyristor devices.

Thyristors must be rated for maximum Thyristors must be rated for maximum loading conditions.loading conditions.

Special steps are to be taken for Special steps are to be taken for correcting line supply power factor.correcting line supply power factor.

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Major issues in power electronicsMajor issues in power electronics

How to meet the requirement of the load or gain How to meet the requirement of the load or gain better control of the loadbetter control of the loadHow to improve the efficiencyHow to improve the efficiency To have reliable operation of power To have reliable operation of power semiconductor devicessemiconductor devices To have energy savingTo have energy savingHow to realize power conversion with less How to realize power conversion with less volume, less weight, and less cost.volume, less weight, and less cost.How to reduce negative influence to other How to reduce negative influence to other equipment in the electric power system and to equipment in the electric power system and to the electromagnetic environment.the electromagnetic environment.

Power DevicesPower Devices

Power DiodePower Diode

Power BJTPower BJT

Power MOSFETPower MOSFET

IGBTIGBT

Thyristor (SCR)Thyristor (SCR)

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Applications of Power DevicesApplications of Power Devices

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